阅读说明：本技术 一种基于生物质气化炉的连续生产设备及生产方法 (Continuous production equipment and production method based on biomass gasification furnace ) 是由 焦耀华 孙崇哲 于 2019-12-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于生物质气化炉的连续生产设备及生产方法,包括切片机,切片机的输出端通过第一输送装置连通缓存仓的进料端,缓存仓的输出端通过第二输送装置连通烘干机进料端,烘干机上外接有燃烧炉,烘干机的出料端通过第三输送装置连通生物质气化炉的进料端；本发明改变传统生物质直接燃烧的利用方式,将圆木或废弃木材等原料处理完成后,送入生物质气化炉内气化,实现圆木或废弃木材等原料转化为生物质燃气和生物质碳,产生的生物质气可以减少煤炭、石油、天然气等化石能源的依赖,保护国家能源资源,提高对生物质能源的利用效率,减轻对环境造成的污染；同时整个过程中尾气符合排放要求。(The invention discloses continuous production equipment and a production method based on a biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a slicing machine, wherein the output end of the slicing machine is communicated with the feed end of a buffer bin through a first conveying device, the output end of the buffer bin is communicated with the feed end of a dryer through a second conveying device, the dryer is externally connected with a combustion furnace, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the biomass gasification furnace through a third conveying device; the method changes the traditional utilization mode of direct combustion of biomass, and the raw materials such as logs or waste wood are sent into the biomass gasifier for gasification after being treated, so that the raw materials such as logs or waste wood are converted into biomass gas and biomass carbon, the generated biomass gas can reduce the dependence on fossil energy such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, protect national energy resources, improve the utilization efficiency of the biomass energy and reduce the pollution to the environment; meanwhile, the tail gas in the whole process meets the emission requirement.)

1. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace is characterized by comprising a slicing machine, a buffer storage bin, a dryer, a combustion furnace and the biomass gasification furnace, wherein the output end of the slicing machine is communicated with the feed end of the buffer storage bin through a first conveying device, the output end of the buffer storage bin is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a second conveying device, the dryer is externally connected with the combustion furnace, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the biomass gasification furnace through a third conveying device.

2. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the first conveying device and the second conveying device are both belt conveyors.

3. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein the third conveying device comprises a belt conveyor communicated with the output end of the dryer, and the output end of the belt conveyor is communicated with a bucket elevator.

4. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 3, wherein the tail gas discharge port of the dryer is communicated with a tail gas treatment device.

5. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tail gas treatment device comprises a cyclone dust collector communicated with a tail gas discharge port of the dryer, and an output end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with an induced draft fan.

6. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 5, wherein the output end of the buffer bin is provided with an electric discharge valve.

7. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace, as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that the biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, an air inlet and a furnace charge inlet are arranged on the furnace body, a connecting cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, a grate is rotatably arranged in the connecting cylinder close to the furnace body end, the grate separates the space of the furnace body from the space of the connecting cylinder, a carbon outlet is arranged on the grate, and the grate is connected with a transmission mechanism for driving the grate to rotate; the wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with a gas outlet which is connected with a negative pressure fan, the lower end of the connecting cylinder is connected with a carbon deposition chamber, and the lower end of the carbon deposition chamber is connected with a carbon discharging mechanism.

8. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 7, wherein the carbon discharging mechanism comprises a carbon discharging channel, a spiral output shaft is arranged in the carbon discharging channel along the axial direction of the carbon discharging channel, an output blade is spirally arranged on the spiral output shaft, and a power mechanism is arranged at one end of the spiral output shaft.

9. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 8, further comprising a control cabinet, wherein the slicer, the first conveying device, the electric discharge valve of the buffer bin, the dryer and the second conveying device are all in control connection with the control cabinet.

10. A continuous production method based on a biomass gasification furnace based on the apparatus according to claim 9,

a. throwing raw materials such as log waste wood with qualified sizes into a feeding end of a slicing machine, driving a blade to cut the raw materials into wood chips by a cutter head rotating at a high speed in the slicing machine, and throwing the cut wood chips out of an output end of the slicing machine onto a belt conveyor;

b. the belt conveyor conveys the cut wood chips to the feeding end of the buffer bin, when the wood chips in the buffer bin are stored to a set amount, the control cabinet controls the electric discharge valve at the bottom of the buffer bin to open, and the stored wood chips are conveyed to the dryer by the belt conveyor;

c. the combustion furnace is controlled by the control cabinet to start working, the combustion furnace conveys hot air heated in the furnace into the dryer, the wood chips continuously roll and move towards the discharge end of the dryer along with the slow rotation of the dryer under the action of a guide vane in the dryer, and the wood chips are dried to the specified requirement under the action of hot air drying;

d. the dryer discharges dust-containing tail gas generated by drying wood chips, the dust-containing tail gas enters the cyclone dust collector under the action of the induced draft fan, particle dust is collected at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector under the action of the centrifugal force of the cyclone dust collector, the tail gas after dust removal is discharged through the induced draft fan, a worker controls the opening of a discharge valve of the dryer at a control cabinet, and the dried wood chips are discharged from the discharge end of the dryer and fall into a belt conveyor;

e. the belt conveyor conveys the dried wood chips to a bucket elevator, and the control cabinet controls the bucket elevator to convey the dried wood chips to a fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace for gasification;

f. the wood chips enter the furnace body from the charging opening, air is sucked into the furnace body from the air inlet, the wood chips respectively pass through four different temperature reaction stages of a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer in the furnace body, in the wood chip reaction process, the fire grate rotates, the wood chips can form biomass gas and biomass carbon after reacting in the furnace body, the biomass gas can be sucked out from a gas outlet, and the biomass carbon enters the carbon deposition chamber through the carbon outlet and is output by the carbon outlet mechanism.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification equipment, in particular to continuous production equipment and a production method based on a biomass gasification furnace.

Background

The biomass energy is the earliest, the most and the most direct energy utilized by human beings, and before coal fuel is utilized on a large scale in the 18 th century, the human beings mainly depend on wood as fuel. The energy contained in biomass is quite remarkable, and according to the estimation of biologists, the total amount of biomass energy grown annually on the earth is about 1400-1800 million tons (dry weight), which is equivalent to 10 times of the total energy consumption in the world at present. The biomass energy of China is very rich, for example, the quantity of straws is about 8 hundred million tons every year at present, which is equivalent to about 5 hundred million tons of standard coal. Firewood and forestry waste are also large in quantity, and forestry waste (not including charcoal firewood) reaches about 3700m for each year, which is equivalent to 2000 ten thousand tons of standard coal.

The biomass combustion is a traditional utilization mode, but the heat efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, and the pollution is serious. Biomass energy can be efficiently utilized through a biomass energy conversion technology to produce various clean fuels, so that the fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like are replaced; the method can also be used for producing electric power, reducing the dependence on mineral energy, protecting national energy resources and reducing the pollution of energy consumption to the environment. The biomass gasification technology is a process for converting solid biomass into gas fuel through thermochemical reaction, and the biomass gasification utilization technology in China begins around 80 years in the 20 th century. The biomass gasification furnace can be divided into two types of a fixed bed and a fluidized bed according to different operation modes. The fixed bed gasification furnace is divided into an updraft type, a transverse draft type and a downdraft type. The biomass gasification technology changes the traditional mode of directly burning biomass to obtain energy, and the biomass is converted into clean combustible gas through the gasification technology, so that the application range of biomass energy is greatly enlarged.

The traditional biomass direct combustion technology has the defects of low energy utilization efficiency of ①, environment pollution of ② and high ③ labor intensity, and is different from the traditional biomass direct combustion technology, when a fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace works, biomass raw materials need to be processed into required furnace charges, and the furnace charges are converted into combustible biomass gas through thermochemical reaction in the gasification furnace.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and adopts the technical scheme that:

a continuous production device based on a biomass gasification furnace comprises a slicing machine, a buffer storage bin, a dryer, a combustion furnace and the biomass gasification furnace, wherein the output end of the slicing machine is communicated with the feed end of the buffer storage bin through a first conveying device, the output end of the buffer storage bin is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a second conveying device, the dryer is externally connected with the combustion furnace, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the biomass gasification furnace through a third conveying device.

Further, the first conveying device and the second conveying device are both belt conveyors.

Further, the third conveying device comprises a belt conveyor communicated with the output end of the dryer, and the output end of the belt conveyor is communicated with a bucket elevator.

Furthermore, a tail gas outlet of the dryer is communicated with a tail gas treatment device.

Further, the tail gas treatment device comprises a cyclone dust collector communicated with a tail gas outlet of the dryer, and an output end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with an induced draft fan.

Furthermore, an electric discharge valve is arranged at the output end of the buffer bin.

And the slicing machine, the first conveying device, the electric discharge valve of the buffer bin, the dryer and the second conveying device are all in control connection with the control cabinet.

The biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein an air inlet and a furnace charge feed inlet are formed in the furnace body, a connecting cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, a fire grate is rotatably arranged in the connecting cylinder close to the furnace body end, the fire grate enables the space of the furnace body to be separated from the space of the connecting cylinder, a carbon outlet is formed in the fire grate, and the fire grate is connected with a transmission mechanism for driving the fire grate to rotate; the wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with a gas outlet which is connected with a negative pressure fan, the lower end of the connecting cylinder is connected with a carbon deposition chamber, and the lower end of the carbon deposition chamber is connected with a carbon discharging mechanism.

Furthermore, go out carbon mechanism and include out the carbon passageway, go out and install spiral output shaft along its axial in the carbon passageway, spiral output shaft is last to install output blade, spiral output shaft one end is installed power unit.

A continuous production method based on a biomass gasification furnace comprises the following steps:

a. throwing raw materials such as log waste wood with qualified sizes into a feeding end of a slicing machine, driving a blade to cut the raw materials into wood chips by a cutter head rotating at a high speed in the slicing machine, and throwing the cut wood chips out of an output end of the slicing machine onto a belt conveyor;

b. the belt conveyor conveys the cut wood chips to the feeding end of the buffer bin, when the wood chips in the buffer bin are stored to a set amount, the control cabinet controls the electric discharge valve at the bottom of the buffer bin to open, and the stored wood chips are conveyed to the dryer by the belt conveyor;

c. the combustion furnace is controlled by the control cabinet to start working, the combustion furnace conveys hot air heated in the furnace into the dryer, the wood chips continuously roll and move towards the discharge end of the dryer along with the slow rotation of the dryer under the action of a guide vane in the dryer, and the wood chips are dried to the specified requirement under the action of hot air drying;

d. the dryer discharges dust-containing tail gas generated by drying wood chips, the dust-containing tail gas enters the cyclone dust collector under the action of the induced draft fan, particle dust is collected at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector under the action of the centrifugal force of the cyclone dust collector, the tail gas after dust removal is discharged through the induced draft fan, a worker controls the opening of a discharge valve of the dryer at a control cabinet, and the dried wood chips are discharged from the discharge end of the dryer and fall into a belt conveyor;

e. the belt conveyor conveys the dried wood chips to the bucket elevator, and the control cabinet controls the bucket elevator to convey the dried wood chips to the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace for gasification.

f. The wood chips enter the furnace body from the charging opening, air is sucked into the furnace body from the air inlet, the wood chips respectively pass through four different temperature reaction stages of a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer in the furnace body, in the wood chip reaction process, the fire grate rotates, the wood chips can form biomass gas and biomass carbon after reacting in the furnace body, the biomass gas can be sucked out from a gas outlet, and the biomass carbon enters the carbon deposition chamber through the carbon outlet and is output by the carbon outlet mechanism.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention relates to continuous production equipment based on a biomass gasification furnace, which changes the utilization mode of the traditional direct combustion of biomass, and is characterized in that raw materials such as logs or waste wood are sent into the biomass gasification furnace for gasification after being processed, so that the conversion of the raw materials such as logs or waste wood into biomass gas and biomass carbon is realized, the generated biomass gas can reduce the dependence of fossil energy such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, protect national energy resources, improve the utilization efficiency of the biomass energy and reduce the pollution to the environment; meanwhile, no waste water or waste residue is generated in the whole process, and the tail gas meets the emission requirement.

2. According to the biomass energy source processing device, the slicing machine, the buffer bin and the dryer are matched, the biomass raw material is processed into the furnace burden meeting the requirements of the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace, the traditional biomass direct combustion technology is changed, the biomass energy source processing device is suitable for processing the biomass raw material of the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace, the process is simple, the operation is easy, the equipment cost is low, and the utilization efficiency of biomass energy sources is improved; meanwhile, tail gas generated in the process of generating wood burden is treated by a tail gas treatment device, so that particle impurities in the discharged waste gas are removed, and the discharge requirement is met.

3. According to the biomass gas furnace, the biomass raw material is converted into the biomass gas by the biomass gasification furnace, the contact area of the material and the grate is larger by the biomass gasification furnace, the gasification furnace smoothly discharges carbon under the action of rotation of the grate, the carbon discharging speed is high, and the carbon discharging mechanism is matched and installed at the bottom of the gasification furnace, so that biomass carbon can fall into the carbon deposition chamber and is automatically output by the carbon discharging mechanism, the labor input can be reduced, the separation of the biomass gas and the biomass carbon is realized, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a continuous production apparatus of a biomass gasification furnace according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a biomass gasifier according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the internal structure of the biomass gasifier according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the internal structure A of the biomass gasifier according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a continuous production apparatus of a biomass gasification furnace according to embodiment 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a biomass gasifier according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of the internal structure of the biomass gasifier according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.