阅读说明：本技术 玉米油黄曲霉毒素脱毒专用设备 (Special equipment for detoxifying corn oil aflatoxin ) 是由 李悦明 熊忠飞 董文雷 李喜宏 张姣姣 于 2019-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明一种玉米油黄曲霉毒素脱毒专用设备,在外壳内下部安装第一脱除组件,第一脱除组件上部同轴安装第二脱除组件,在第一脱除组件和第二脱除组件之间同轴安装一连通管,玉米油从进料口进入第一脱除组件后经过连通管进入第二脱除组件,经过第二脱除组件脱除黄曲霉后进入中,经过二次脱除黄曲霉后进入收集罐。该设备可以有效去除玉米油中的残余的吸附剂颗粒,得到质量良好的玉米油产品；提高单一臭氧紫外解毒效果；方法中采用的吸附剂经过改性后,可以显著提高吸附剂的吸附率,循环使用,减少吸附剂的用量,并降低玉米油的损失。(The invention relates to special equipment for removing aflatoxin from corn oil, which is characterized in that a first removing component is arranged at the lower part in a shell, a second removing component is coaxially arranged at the upper part of the first removing component, a communicating pipe is coaxially arranged between the first removing component and the second removing component, the corn oil enters the first removing component from a feed inlet, then enters the second removing component through the communicating pipe, enters the second removing component after being removed of aflatoxin by the second removing component, and enters a collecting tank after being removed of aflatoxin for the second time. The equipment can effectively remove residual adsorbent particles in the corn oil to obtain a corn oil product with good quality; the single ozone ultraviolet detoxification effect is improved; the adsorbent adopted in the method is modified, so that the adsorption rate of the adsorbent can be obviously improved, the adsorbent can be recycled, the using amount of the adsorbent is reduced, and the loss of the corn oil is reduced.)

1. A special device for detoxifying corn oil aflatoxin is characterized in that: the device comprises a shell, a first removing component, a communicating pipe, a second removing component, a secondary treatment box shell, an ozone pyrolyzer, an ultraviolet lamp, a pulse type high-voltage electric field generator and a collecting tank;

a first removing component is arranged at the lower part in a shell, a second removing component is coaxially arranged at the upper part of the first removing component, a communicating pipe is coaxially arranged between the first removing component and the second removing component, corn oil enters the first removing component from a feed port, then enters the second removing component through the communicating pipe, enters the second removing component after being removed with aspergillus flavus by the second removing component, and enters a collecting tank after being removed with aspergillus flavus for the second time.

2. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: first desorption subassembly includes the hollow cylinder shell of a vertical setting, casing lateral wall lower part system has the inlet pipe, the charge pump is connected to the inlet pipe, a closing cap is adorned admittedly in the upper and lower both ends of casing are sealed respectively, equal partial installation is many between two closing caps with the adsorption tube, every adsorption tube is cavity, cavity adsorption tube lower extreme is fixed on the lower end closing cap of casing, the upper end correspondence is fixed on the upper end closing cap of casing, the system has maize oil to egress hole on the upper end closing cap that every adsorption tube corresponds, maize oil gets into the second desorption subassembly after getting into communicating pipe from maize oil egress hole after first subassembly desorption.

3. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the second removing component has the same structure as the first component, and is different from the first removing component in that the second removing component is arranged on the lower sealing cover after feeding, a material guide hopper is arranged on the upper surface of the upper sealing cover, and an outlet of the material guide hopper is connected with a feeding port of the shell of the secondary treatment box.

4. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the upper end and the lower end of the communicating pipe are respectively coaxially connected with the lower sealing cover of the second removing component and the upper sealing cover of the first removing component, the ozone outlet pipe and the ultraviolet lamp of the ozone pyrolyzer are respectively arranged on the side edge of the communicating pipe, and the ozone pyrolyzer and the ultraviolet lamp are protected by outer covers.

5. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the secondary treatment box is made into three spaced boxes, a pulse type high-voltage electric field generator is arranged in the top of the first box of the adjacent adsorption roller outlet, an ozone pyrolyzer is arranged on the top of the first box, the third box is an outlet and is connected with a collecting tank, the outer side of the collecting tank is wrapped with a cooling sleeve, and a filter is embedded in the outlet.

6. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pipe wall of the adsorption pipe of the first desorption assembly consists of two side fixing nets, and a first adsorption material is filled between the two fixing nets.

7. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 6, which is characterized in that: the first adsorbent material is a modified porous zeolite-polypropylene resin composite adsorbent material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing zeolite to obtain zeolite powder with particle size of 150-250 micron; soaking zeolite powder in Ce₂(SO₄)₂In the solution, 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is used for adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4-5, ion exchange is carried out, and first-stage modified zeolite powder is obtained and dried for standby; mixing and heating the modified and dried zeolite powder and polypropylene resin to melt polypropylene, stirring the polypropylene to be uniformly distributed, cooling and granulating to obtain the second-stage modified porous zeolite-polypropylene composite adsorbent, wherein the particle size of the adsorbent is 4-6 mm.

8. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the second adsorption material in the adsorption pipe of the second desorption component is an activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent material.

9. The corn oil aflatoxin detoxification-specific device of claim 8, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent material comprises the following steps:

(a) cutting a polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber blanket into 1cm multiplied by 1cm, washing and soaking the blanket for a period of time by using a proper amount of acetone, cleaning the blanket for 2 to 3 times by using distilled water, carrying out vacuum filtration, carrying out vacuum drying at 85 ℃ for 24 hours, and then crushing the blanket to ensure that the particle size of the prepared activated carbon fiber powder is 200-400 mu m; (b) mixing carbon fiber powder and polyethylene resin according to a mass ratio of 2:1, heating to melt polyethylene, and uniformly distributing modified activated carbon powder in the polyethylene resin; (c) cooling and granulating the mixture obtained in the step (b) to obtain the activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent, wherein the selective particle size of the adsorbent is 0.5-1 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of detoxification equipment, and particularly relates to special equipment for detoxification of corn oil aflatoxin.

Background

Aflatoxins (AFs) are a general term for a class of chemically similar secondary metabolites produced primarily by aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus that are severely carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. Aflatoxin mainly acts on the liver as the target organ, causing liver damage, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatic necrosis, etc.

Corn oil is popular with consumers because of its high nutritive value and low price. However, in practical use, the problem that the corn oil is easy to infect aspergillus flavus to generate aflatoxin is found. The aflatoxin treatment of edible oil comprises the following steps: physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods, but most methods have the serious defects of low detoxification efficiency, large nutrient loss, high cost, incapability of industrial application and the like. At present, many enterprises apply ultraviolet rays, electron beams and the like for detoxification, but the detoxification effect is unstable, the ultraviolet penetration force is poor, the detoxification effect is degraded by ozone, the quality of grains is affected by adopting higher-concentration ozone, and the detoxification effect with lower concentration is not ideal. According to the research, the oxidation capability of ozone can be improved by ultraviolet irradiation, and in order to ensure the detoxification effect, the invention provides the equipment for degrading the aflatoxin by the synergy of ozone and ultraviolet of the corn oil.

Through searching, the following patent documents relevant to the present application are found, and the specific disclosures are as follows:

1. a method for removing aflatoxin from edible oil (CN103952234A) is to use ultraviolet light to degrade aflatoxin in edible oil, wherein the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 302nm, and the intensity is 600 muW/cm 2. the device used in the invention comprises a cavity for containing edible oil and a cavity bottle stopper for shading, and an ultraviolet generator with an ultraviolet lamp tube is arranged in the cavity bottle stopper.

2. A method (CN103750084A) for degrading aflatoxin B1 in peanuts comprises the following steps of crushing peanut meal polluted by aflatoxin to obtain peanut meal powder, and then carrying out extrusion texturization to finish degradation of aflatoxin B1, wherein in the crushing step, the crushing is 50 meshes, the mass percentage of water in the peanut meal powder is 40%, in the extrusion texturization step, the temperature of an extruder barrel is 146 ℃, the feeding speed is 18g/min, the screw rotating speed is 149r/min, equipment used in the extrusion texturization step is a co-meshing twin-screw extrusion puffing laboratory workstation, and the defects of the patent are that nutritional ingredients in peanuts are seriously lost under the action of ① high temperature, high pressure and high shearing force, ② physical extrusion degradation is single, the degradation rate is low, and ③ residual aspergillus flavus cannot be thoroughly removed.

3. A degradation method of aflatoxin (CN101238866A) discloses a degradation method of aflatoxin, which is characterized in that substances containing aflatoxin are treated by combining ultraviolet rays, microwaves and light waves; the radiation illumination of the ultraviolet rays is 80-300W/m³(ii) a The frequency of the microwave is 2450MHz +/-50 MHz, and the action temperature is 60-95 ℃; the power of the light wave is 4000-7500W/m³(ii) a The light wave is emitted by the small solar lamp tube; the product containing aflatoxin① the invention has the defects of single degradation by ultraviolet rays, microwaves and light waves, unstable detoxification effect and low degradation rate, ② edible oil does not adopt any stirring technology in the diversion process, the ultraviolet light can only irradiate the surface of the edible oil, ③ the ultraviolet light has low transmittance to the edible oil, and the sterilization and the toxicity reduction are incomplete.

Through comparison of technical characteristics, the technical scheme of the patent publications and the technical scheme of the invention are different, and the creativity and the novelty of the invention application are not influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides special equipment for detoxifying the corn oil aflatoxin, which has the following advantages: ozone is degraded in cooperation with ultraviolet, under the ultraviolet irradiation condition, the ozone oxidation capacity is obviously improved, and aflatoxin cannot be restored to the original structure; the secondary coating adsorbent component adsorbs aflatoxin, and a low-temperature cooling technology is combined with a high-voltage Pulse Electric Field (PEF) for non-thermal sterilization, so that aspergillus flavus in the corn oil is effectively removed, and aflatoxin is removed.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a special device for detoxifying corn oil aflatoxin comprises a shell, a first desorption component, a communicating pipe, a second desorption component, a secondary treatment box shell, an ozone pyrolyzer, an ultraviolet lamp, a pulse type high-voltage electric field generator and a collecting tank;

a first removing component is arranged at the lower part in a shell, a second removing component is coaxially arranged at the upper part of the first removing component, a communicating pipe is coaxially arranged between the first removing component and the second removing component, corn oil enters the first removing component from a feed port, then enters the second removing component through the communicating pipe, enters the second removing component after being removed with aspergillus flavus by the second removing component, and enters a collecting tank after being removed with aspergillus flavus for the second time.

And, first desorption subassembly includes the hollow cylinder section of thick bamboo casing of a vertical setting, casing lateral wall lower part system has the inlet pipe, the feed pump is connected to the inlet pipe, the upper and lower both ends of casing are sealed respectively admittedly and are adorned a closing cap, equal partial installation is many with the adsorption tube between two closing caps, every adsorption tube is cavity, cavity adsorption tube lower extreme is fixed on the lower extreme closing cap of casing, the upper end correspondence is fixed on the upper end closing cap of casing, it has the maize oil to portal on the upper end closing cap that every adsorption tube corresponds, maize oil gets into the second desorption subassembly after getting into communicating pipe from the maize oil portal after first subassembly desorption.

And the second removing component has the same structure as the first component, and is different from the first removing component in that the second removing component is arranged on the lower sealing cover after feeding, a material guide hopper is arranged on the upper surface of the upper sealing cover, and an outlet of the material guide hopper is connected with a feeding port of the shell of the secondary treatment box.

And the upper end and the lower end of the communicating pipe are respectively coaxially connected with the lower sealing cover of the second removal component and the upper sealing cover of the first removal component, and the side edge of the communicating pipe is respectively provided with an ozone outlet pipe and an ultraviolet lamp of the ozone pyrolyzer and is protected by an outer cover.

And the secondary treatment box is made into three spaced boxes, a pulse type high-voltage electric field generator is arranged in the top of the first box of the adjacent adsorption roller outlet, an ozone pyrolyzer is arranged on the top of the first box, the third box is an outlet and is connected with a collecting tank, the outer side of the collecting tank is wrapped with a cooling sleeve, and a filter is embedded in the outlet.

And the pipe wall of the adsorption pipe of the first desorption assembly consists of two side fixing nets, and a first adsorption material is filled between the two fixing nets.

Moreover, the first adsorbent material is a modified porous zeolite-polypropylene resin composite adsorbent material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing zeolite to obtain zeolite powder with particle size of 150-250 micron; soaking zeolite powder in Ce₂(SO₄)₂In the solution, 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is used for adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4-5, ion exchange is carried out, and first-stage modified zeolite powder is obtained and dried for standby; mixing and heating the modified and dried zeolite powder and polypropylene resin to melt polypropylene, stirring the polypropylene to be uniformly distributed, cooling and granulating to obtain the second-stage modified porous zeolite-polypropylene composite adsorbent, wherein the particle size of the adsorbent is 4-6 mm.

And the second adsorbing material in the adsorbing pipe of the second removing component is an activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent material.

Moreover, the preparation method of the activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent material comprises the following steps:

(a) cutting a polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber blanket into 1cm multiplied by 1cm, washing and soaking the blanket for a period of time by using a proper amount of acetone, cleaning the blanket for 2 to 3 times by using distilled water, carrying out vacuum filtration, carrying out vacuum drying at 85 ℃ for 24 hours, and then crushing the blanket to ensure that the particle size of the prepared activated carbon fiber powder is 200-400 mu m; (b) mixing carbon fiber powder and polyethylene resin according to a mass ratio of 2:1, heating to melt polyethylene, and uniformly distributing modified activated carbon powder in the polyethylene resin; (c) cooling and granulating the mixture obtained in the step (b) to obtain the activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent, wherein the selective particle size of the adsorbent is 0.5-1 mm.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

1. according to the invention, the aflatoxin is degraded by adopting the ozone-ultraviolet synergy, the oxidation capacity of ozone is improved, the degradation efficiency of the aflatoxin is improved by 1000 times compared with that of single ozone degradation, and the industrial problems that the aflatoxin is not restored to the original structure when the ozone is degraded, and the stability of the ultraviolet irradiation degradation effect is poor are solved. Meanwhile, the detoxification process can also reduce the moisture content in the corn oil, thereby being beneficial to long-term storage of the corn oil.

2. According to the corn oil aflatoxin adsorption device, multiple levels of roller plates are adopted to cooperate with a high-efficiency adsorbent to adsorb aflatoxin, multiple small threaded roller molecular sieves are arranged on the wall surface of a first-level roller, and a porous zeolite-polypropylene resin adsorption material is coated on the surface of the sieve, so that the specific surface area is increased, cyclic detoxification is realized, and the corn oil aflatoxin adsorption capacity is remarkably improved; the secondary coating active carbon-polyethylene composite adsorption material realizes high-volume adsorption of aflatoxin in peanut oil, reduces adsorption of nutrient components in the peanut oil, ensures the quality of the peanut oil, and effectively removes the aflatoxin.

3. The corn oil is conveyed by adopting a multilayer continuous reverse roller, the inner wall of the roller is provided with a propelling screw thread, the propelling speed of the corn oil in the roller is regulated and controlled by changing the reverse rotating speed and the slope of the roller, and the retention time in the roller is determined to be within the time range of effectively removing toxins. In the process that the corn oil is repeatedly rolled, the corn oil can fully contact ozone and ultraviolet rays, the aflatoxin structure is damaged, and the aflatoxin on the surface and inside of the corn oil is comprehensively and thoroughly detoxified.

4. The invention adopts the low-temperature cooling technology combined with high-voltage pulse intense light non-thermal sterilization, effectively removes the aspergillus flavus in the corn, and simultaneously avoids the difficult problem of bactericide residue.

5. The invention adopts the electric heating ozone decomposition technology to remove residual ozone at the discharge port, the temperature of the electric heating rod is set to be 50 ℃, the ozone is decomposed into oxygen, the residual ozone is effectively removed, and the invention is green, environment-friendly, healthy and safe.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an electron photograph of a modified porous zeolite-polypropylene resin composite adsorbent material.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the adsorption tube.

Fig. 4 is an electron photograph of an activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent material.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

A special device for detoxifying corn oil aflatoxin comprises a shell 7, a first desorption component 5, a communicating pipe 8, a second desorption component 10, a secondary treatment box shell 13, an ozone pyrolyzer 15, an ultraviolet lamp 4, a pulse type high-voltage electric field generator 14 and a collection tank 17.

A first removing component is arranged at the lower part in a shell, a second removing component is coaxially arranged at the upper part of the first removing component, a communicating pipe is coaxially arranged between the first removing component and the second removing component, corn oil enters the first removing component from a feed port, then enters the second removing component through the communicating pipe, enters the second removing component after being removed with aspergillus flavus by the second removing component, and enters a collecting tank after being removed with aspergillus flavus for the second time.

First desorption subassembly includes the hollow cylinder barrel casing of a vertical setting, casing lateral wall lower part system has the inlet pipe 2, charge pump 1 is connected to the inlet pipe, a closing cap 18 is adorned admittedly in the upper and lower both ends of casing are sealed respectively admittedly, equal partial installation is many with adsorption tube 6 between two closing caps, every adsorption tube is cavity, cavity adsorption tube lower extreme is fixed on the lower extreme closing cap of casing, the upper end correspondence is fixed on the upper end closing cap of casing, it has the maize oil to portal to make on the upper end closing cap that every adsorption tube corresponds, maize oil gets into the second desorption subassembly after getting into communicating pipe from the maize oil portal after first subassembly desorption.

The second removing component has the same structure as the first removing component, and is different from the first removing component in that the second removing component is arranged on the lower sealing cover after feeding, a material guide hopper 11 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper sealing cover, and an outlet of the material guide hopper is connected with a feeding port 12 of the shell of the secondary treatment box.

The upper end and the lower end of the communicating pipe are respectively coaxially connected with the lower sealing cover of the second removing component and the upper sealing cover of the first removing component, the ozone pyrolyzer ozone outlet pipe 9 and the ultraviolet lamp 4 are respectively installed on the side edge of the communicating pipe, and the communicating pipe is protected by the outer cover 3. An ozone concentration detection probe is arranged in the communicating pipe,

the secondary treatment box is made into three spaced boxes, a pulse type high-voltage electric field generator 14 is arranged in the top of the first box of the adjacent adsorption roller outlet, an ozone pyrolyzer 15 is arranged on the top of the first box, the third box is an outlet and is connected with a collecting tank 17, a cooling sleeve is wrapped outside the collecting tank, and a filter 16 is embedded in the outlet to filter impurities.

The pipe wall of the adsorption pipe of the middle-first removal component consists of two side fixing nets, and a first adsorption material is filled between the two fixing nets, wherein the first adsorption material is a modified porous zeolite-polypropylene resin composite adsorbent material.

The second adsorbing material in the adsorbing pipe of the second removing component is an activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent material.

The ozone pyrolysis device can be additionally provided with a controller for respectively controlling the ozone generator, the ozone pyrolysis device, the ultraviolet lamp, the pulse type high-voltage electric field generator and the like.

The detoxification method of the invention comprises the following steps: and (4) performing ultraviolet-ozone synergistic degradation. The controller is connected with the ozone generator, an ozone concentration detection probe is installed in the ozone generator, and the other end of the probe is connected with the controller. Setting the threshold value of the ozone concentration to be 30 +/-1 ppm, and when the detected concentration is lower than the lower limit of the set threshold value, starting a switch of a controller and starting an ozone generator to work; when the detected concentration is higher than the lower limit of the set threshold, the switch of the controller is closed, and the ozone generator stops working. And secondly, large-dose high-pressure mercury lamp ultraviolet irradiation equipment is arranged on the top of the equipment and on the left side and the right side of the long roller, the length of the lamp tube is larger than the height of the cross surface of the roller, and the ultraviolet wavelength is 254nm so as to ensure the effectiveness of ultraviolet irradiation.

A propelling and conveying mode: the first removal component and the second removal component are adopted to remove aspergillus flavus in sequence, and the adsorption amount of the corn oil aflatoxin can be remarkably improved through two times of adsorption; the pipe wall thickness of the adsorption material pipe is 2cm, high-selectivity and high-capacity adsorption of aflatoxin in the corn oil is realized, and adsorption of nutrient components in the corn oil is reduced, so that the quality of the corn oil is ensured. Meanwhile, the dosage of the adsorbent can be reduced, so that the separation load of the corn oil and the adsorbent is reduced. And regulating the corn oil progressive flow.

The corn oil flows through a pulse type high-voltage electric field sterilization device at the tail end of the roller, the electric field frequency is 200Hz, the electric field intensity is 30kV/cm, the processing time is 240 mu s, and the aspergillus flavus can be effectively killed. Then flows through the bottom condensing device, and is precooled and cooled in time, so that the nutritional quality of the peanut oil is not damaged.

The preparation of the modified porous zeolite-polypropylene resin composite adsorbent material comprises the following steps: crushing zeolite to obtain zeolite powder with particle size of 150-250 micron; soaking zeolite powder in Ce₂(SO₄)₂In the solution, 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is used for adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4-5, ion exchange is carried out, and first-stage modified zeolite powder is obtained and dried for standby; mixing and heating the modified and dried zeolite powder and polypropylene resin to melt polypropylene, stirring the polypropylene to be uniformly distributed, cooling and granulating to obtain the second-stage modified porous zeolite-polypropylene composite adsorbent, wherein the particle size of the adsorbent is 4-6 mm. Exchanging cerium ion with sodium ion in acid environment to regulate the pore size of zeoliteThe aflatoxin is adsorbed at high volume, and the dosage of the adsorbent can be reduced. The modified zeolite powder is bonded by adopting the polypropylene resin, so that the zeolite adsorbent has higher strength on the premise of ensuring the good adsorption performance of the zeolite powder.

Preparation of active carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent material

(a) Washing and soaking a polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber blanket (cut into 1cm multiplied by 1cm) with a proper amount of acetone for a period of time, washing with distilled water for 2-3 times, carrying out vacuum filtration, carrying out vacuum drying at 85 ℃ for 24 hours, and then crushing to ensure that the particle size of the prepared activated carbon fiber powder is 200-400 mu m; (b) mixing carbon fiber powder and polyethylene resin (molecular weight of 40000-30000) at a mass ratio of 2:1, heating to melt polyethylene, and uniformly distributing the modified activated carbon powder in the polyethylene resin; (c) cooling and granulating the mixture obtained in the step (b) to obtain the activated carbon-polyethylene composite adsorbent, wherein the selective particle size of the adsorbent is 0.5-1 mm.