阅读说明：本技术 一种中子通量可控的中子发射装置 (Neutron emitting device with controllable neutron flux ) 是由 龙远奎 邱建龙 朱称水 王采林 陈秋宏 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种中子通量可控的中子发射装置,包括装置本体,所述装置本体设置有出射通道,所述装置本体内设置有发射井,所述出射通道设置于远离发射井的一侧,所述发射井内设置有中子源,所述发射井内设置有驱动中子源在发射井的延伸方向上位移的推动机构。工作人员通过驱动推动机构,使中子源在发射井内的位置发生变化,当中子源处于发射井中较深入的位置时,中子源对发射井进口的张角越小,并且到达出射通道之间的路径变长,从而使中子衰减时间增长。通过控制中子源在发射井中的位置调节中子到达出射通道的时间,进而使到达出射通道的中子数发生变化,达到控制出射通道的通道口处的中子通量的效果。(The invention discloses a neutron emitting device with controllable neutron flux, which comprises a device body, wherein an emergent channel is arranged on the device body, an emitting well is arranged in the device body, the emergent channel is arranged on one side far away from the emitting well, a neutron source is arranged in the emitting well, and a pushing mechanism for driving the neutron source to move in the extending direction of the emitting well is arranged in the emitting well. The worker drives the pushing mechanism to change the position of the neutron source in the launching well, when the neutron source is positioned at a deeper position in the launching well, the opening angle of the neutron source to the launching well inlet is smaller, and the path between the neutron source and the launching channel is longer, so that the neutron attenuation time is prolonged. The time of neutrons reaching the exit channel is adjusted by controlling the position of the neutron source in the launching well, so that the number of neutrons reaching the exit channel is changed, and the effect of controlling the neutron flux at the channel opening of the exit channel is achieved.)

1. A neutron emitting device with controllable neutron flux, characterized in that: the device comprises a device body (1), wherein an exit channel (12) is arranged on the device body (1), an emission well (13) is arranged in the device body (1), the exit channel (12) is arranged on one side far away from the emission well (13), a neutron source (2) is arranged in the emission well (13), and a pushing mechanism for driving the neutron source (2) to displace in the extending direction of the emission well (13) is arranged in the emission well (13).

2. The neutron flux-controllable neutron emitting device of claim 1, wherein: the device body (1) is made of neutron absorption materials.

3. The neutron flux-controllable neutron emitting device of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the device body (1) is fixedly connected with a slowing layer (15).

4. A neutron flux controllable neutron emitting device according to claim 3, wherein: a supporting plate (3) is arranged between the pushing mechanism and the neutron source (2), and the peripheral surface of the supporting plate (3) is abutted against the inner wall of a slowing layer (15) in the launching well (13).

5. The neutron flux-controllable neutron emitting device of claim 4, wherein: the cross sections of the launching well (13) and the supporting plate (3) are circular, and the neutron source (2) is arranged at the circle center of the launching well (13).

6. The neutron flux-controllable neutron emitting device of claim 4, wherein: be provided with flexible guide bar (5) between the bottom surface of layer board (3) and launching shaft (13), flexible guide bar (5) are including telescope tube (51) and telescopic link (52), telescopic link (52) cover is located in telescope tube (51) to telescopic link (52) slide in telescope tube (51), the both ends that telescope tube (51) and telescopic link (52) kept away from mutually are respectively in the bottom surface fixed connection of layer board (3) and launching shaft (13), the bottom surface of extending direction perpendicular to launching shaft (13) of telescope tube (51) and telescopic link (52).

7. The neutron flux-controllable neutron emitting device of claim 4, wherein: the bottom of launching well (13) has seted up the through-hole, pushing mechanism includes push rod (41), the one end and the layer board (3) of push rod (41) are connected, the other end and through-hole threaded connection.

8. The neutron flux controllable neutron emitting device of claim 7, wherein: one end that push rod (41) are close to layer board (3) is to protruding spacing ring (411) in the outside of push rod (41), layer board (3) have connecting block (31) to push rod (41) arch, rotation chamber (32) have been seted up in connecting block (31), one end and spacing ring (411) that push rod (41) are close to layer board (3) are rotating chamber (32) internal rotation, the one end fixedly connected with that layer board (3) were kept away from in push rod (41) is used for driving push rod (41) along the rotatory drive assembly of its central axis.

9. The neutron flux-controllable neutron emitting device of claim 8, wherein: the drive assembly is configured as a hand wheel (42).

10. The neutron flux-controllable neutron emitting device of claim 1, wherein: the central axis of the exit channel (12) and the central axis of the emission well (13) are arranged perpendicular to each other.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of nuclear technology and application, in particular to a neutron emitting device with controllable neutron flux.

Background

The neutron source is widely applied to the military and civil dual-purpose field. Commonly used neutron sources include accelerator neutron sources, fission neutron sources, dense plasma focus neutron sources, and isotope neutron sources.

The first three types of neutron sources belong to controllable neutron sources, wherein neutron fluxes of accelerator neutron sources and fission neutron sources are high, and the device has high safety, is huge, cannot move and is only suitable for being used at fixed positions. Although the thick plasma focus neutron source is controllable, the thick plasma focus neutron source belongs to a pulse type intermittent working mode, and the stability of the neutron source is poor, so that the application of the neutron source in the field of accurate measurement is greatly limited.

The isotope neutron source utilizes the nuclear reaction generated after two nuclides are mixed to generate neutrons or utilizes the fission of the nuclides to generate neutrons, and currently used sources include an Am-Be source, a Pu-Be source, an Ra-Be source and a Cf spontaneous fission neutron source.

The isotope neutron source device on the market at present does not have a control link of neutron flux, under the environment that the requirement for the precision control of the neutron flux in a neutron beam device for neutron activation or material surface research is higher and higher, the current emission source device needs to replace different neutron sources to obtain neutron beams with different neutron fluxes, and the mode is troublesome for regulating and controlling the neutron flux.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the neutron emitting device with the controllable neutron flux is provided, and the neutron flux can be controlled simply.

The solution of the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:

the utility model provides a controllable neutron emitting device of neutron flux, includes the device body, the device body is provided with exit channel, this internal launching well that is provided with of device, exit channel sets up in the one side of keeping away from the launching well, be provided with the neutron source in the launching well, be provided with the pushing mechanism of drive neutron source displacement on the extending direction of launching well in the launching well.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the device body is made of neutron absorption materials.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a slowing layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device body.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a supporting plate is arranged between the pushing device and the neutron source, and the outer peripheral surface of the supporting plate is abutted to the inner wall of the slowing layer in the launching well.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the cross sections of the launching well and the supporting plate are both circular, and the neutron source is arranged at the circle center of the launching well.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a telescopic guide rod is arranged between the support plate and the bottom surface of the launching well, the telescopic guide rod comprises a telescopic sleeve and a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is sleeved in the telescopic sleeve, the telescopic rod slides in the telescopic sleeve, two ends of the telescopic sleeve, which are far away from the telescopic rod, are fixedly connected to the support plate and the bottom surface of the launching well respectively, and the extending directions of the telescopic sleeve and the telescopic rod are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the launching well.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the bottom of the launching well is provided with a through hole, the pushing device comprises a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the supporting plate, and the other end of the push rod is in threaded connection with the through hole.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, one end of the push rod, which is close to the supporting plate, protrudes to the outer side of the push rod to form a limiting ring, the supporting plate protrudes to the push rod to form a connecting block, a rotating cavity is formed in the connecting block, one end of the push rod, which is close to the supporting plate, and the limiting ring rotate in the rotating cavity, and one end of the push rod, which is far away from the supporting plate, is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism for driving the push rod to rotate along the central.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving mechanism is provided as a hand wheel.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the central axis of the exit channel and the central axis of the emission well are perpendicular to each other.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the worker drives the pushing mechanism to change the position of the neutron source in the launching well, when the neutron source is positioned at a deeper position in the launching well, the opening angle of the neutron source to the launching well inlet is smaller, and the path between the neutron source and the launching channel is longer, so that the neutron attenuation time is prolonged. The time of neutrons reaching the exit channel is adjusted by controlling the position of the neutron source in the launching well, so that the number of neutrons reaching the exit channel is changed, and the effect of controlling the neutron flux at the channel opening of the exit channel is achieved.

The invention is used in the field of nuclear technology and application.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from them without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, an apparatus body; 11. a support leg; 12. an exit channel; 13. a launch well; 14. a neutron shielding cover; 15. a moderating layer; 2. a neutron source; 3. a support plate; 31. connecting blocks; 32. a rotation chamber; 4. a pushing device; 41. a push rod; 411. a limiting ring; 42. a hand wheel; 5. a telescopic guide rod; 51. a telescopic sleeve; 52. a telescopic rod.

Detailed Description

The conception, the specific structure, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, all the coupling/connection relationships mentioned herein do not mean that the components are directly connected, but mean that a better coupling structure can be formed by adding or reducing coupling accessories according to specific implementation conditions. All technical characteristics in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of not conflicting with each other.

Referring to fig. 1, a neutron flux controllable emission device includes a device body 1 and a neutron source 2. Four stabilizer blades 11 of the lower extreme fixedly connected with of device body 1, four stabilizer blades 11 rectangular array distribute, and four stabilizer blades 11 play the effect of support to device body 1. The neutron source 2 is disposed inside the apparatus body 1. The material of device body 1 sets up to the boron steel material, and the boron steel material can absorb the neutron, reduces emitter's radiation, reduces emitter to staff's harm. Three exit channels 12 are arranged on the device body 1, when part of the exit channels 12 are not used, neutron shielding covers 14 are detachably and fixedly connected to the exit openings of the exit channels 12, the exit openings of the exit channels 12 which are not used are sealed, and the influence on the surrounding environment caused by the fact that neutrons are emitted from the exit channels 12 which are not needed to be used is avoided.

The inner wall of the device body 1 is fixedly connected with a slowing layer 15, and the slowing layer 15 is mainly made of polyethylene. After neutron source 2 launches the neutron, the neutron can contact with moderating layer 15, and the neutron is more with moderating layer 15 contact, and the time that dissociating to exit channel 12 needs is longer to make the decay time of neutron increase, the decay formula decay is pressed to the neutron number in the device body 1.

The lower part of the device body 1 is provided with a transmitting well 13, the cross section of the transmitting well 13 is circular, the neutron source 2 is arranged in the transmitting well 13 and at the center of the transmitting well 13, and the circular transmitting well 13 enables the time for neutrons emitted by the neutron source 2 to reach the inner wall of the transmitting well 13 at the same height to be the same. The central axial direction of the emission well 13 is perpendicular to the central axis of the exit channel 12, so that neutrons emitted by the neutron source 2 cannot reach the exit channel 12 and can enter the exit channel 12 only after contacting with the moderating layer 15 for multiple times, the energy of the emitted neutrons is reduced, and the nuclear reaction is easy to carry out and stable.

The launching well 13 is internally provided with a supporting plate 3 and a pushing device 4. The bottom of the launching well 13 is provided with a through hole, and the pushing device 4 comprises a push rod 41 and a hand wheel 42. One end of the push rod 41 far away from the supporting plate 3 is in threaded connection with the through hole. The hand wheel 42 is fixedly connected with one end of the push rod 41 far away from the supporting plate 3. The worker drives the push rod 41 to rotate relative to the apparatus body 1 by turning the hand wheel 42. Because the push rod 41 is in threaded connection with the through hole, when the hand wheel 42 is rotated, the push rod 41 can displace in the axial direction of the launching well 13, so that the height of the neutron source 2 in the launching well 13 changes, the contact frequency of the emitted neutrons and the moderating layer 15 changes, and the neutron flux at the exit of the exit channel 12 is controlled.

A telescopic guide rod 5 is arranged between the supporting plate 3 and the bottom of the launching well 13, and the telescopic guide rod 5 comprises a telescopic sleeve 51 and a telescopic rod 52. The telescopic sleeve 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the launching well 13, and the telescopic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the surface of the supporting plate 3 close to the bottom of the launching well 13. The telescopic rod 52 is sleeved in the telescopic sleeve 51 and connected with the telescopic sleeve 51 in a sliding manner. The extending directions of the telescopic sleeve 51 and the telescopic rod 52 are perpendicular to the telescopic guide rod 5 to guide the supporting plate 3, so that the supporting plate 3 can only move in the height direction of the launching well 13, the telescopic sleeve 51 and the telescopic rod 52 limit the rotation of the supporting plate 3, and the supporting plate 3 is prevented from rotating along with the rotation of the push rod 41 to influence the normal work of the neutron source 2.

One end of the push rod 41 close to the supporting plate 3 protrudes outwards to form a limiting ring 411. The surface of layer board 3 near push rod 41 is protruding to have connecting block 31, and connecting block 31 has been seted up and has been rotated chamber 32, and push rod 41 is close to the one end and the spacing ring 411 of layer board 3 and sets up in rotating chamber 32, and push rod 41 and spacing ring 411 all rotate with rotating chamber 32 and be connected. The matching of the limiting ring 411 and the connecting block 31 enables the supporting plate 3 to ascend or descend along with the push rod 41, and avoids the phenomenon that the supporting plate 3 cannot descend due to overlarge friction force between the supporting plate and other parts when the push rod 41 descends, so that the neutron flux at the exit of the exit channel 12 is controlled by the emitting device.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: when the neutron flux at the exit of the exit channel 12 needs to be increased, the hand wheel 42 is rotated to enable the neutron source 2 to move upwards, the contact frequency of neutrons emitted by the neutron source 2 after the neutron source 2 moves upwards and the moderating layer 15 is reduced, the path reaching the exit channel 12 is shortened, and therefore the decay time of the neutrons is reduced; when the neutron flux at the exit of the exit channel 12 needs to be reduced, the hand wheel 42 is rotated to enable the neutron source 2 to displace downwards, the number of times of contact between neutrons emitted by the neutron source 2 and the moderation layer 15 after the neutron source 2 displaces downwards is increased, the path reaching the exit channel 12 is increased, and therefore the decay time of the neutrons is increased.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims appended hereto.