Antenna radiation system and communication terminal
阅读说明：本技术 一种天线辐射系统及通信终端 (Antenna radiation system and communication terminal ) 是由 徐才茂 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种天线辐射系统及通信终端,该天线辐射系统包括部件区域和天线净空区域,部件区域中作为参考地的金属区域开设有缝隙,缝隙处设置有用于接通或断开原始电流回流路径的开关,开关断开原始电流回流路径时使电流流经缝隙的边缘以延长参考地电流的回流路径。当开关断开时,参考地电流无法再通过原始电流回流路径流通,而是沿着缝隙的边缘流通,使得当前电流回流路径的长度和方向均发生变化,因此,缝隙的开关的组合不仅增大了参考地的有效长度,并且参考地电流的方向也发生改变,使得天线的全向辐射得到改善。很显然,本天线辐射系统无需更改天线走线,设计难度大大降低,不受部件区域的尺寸限制,灵活度更高。(The invention discloses an antenna radiation system and a communication terminal, wherein the antenna radiation system comprises a component area and an antenna clearance area, a metal area serving as a reference ground in the component area is provided with a gap, the gap is provided with a switch for switching on or off an original current return path, and when the switch switches off the original current return path, current flows through the edge of the gap so as to prolong the return path of the reference ground current. When the switch is switched off, the reference ground current cannot flow through the original current return path any more, but flows along the edge of the gap, so that the length and the direction of the current return path are changed, therefore, the effective length of the reference ground is increased by the combination of the switches of the gap, the direction of the reference ground current is also changed, and the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna is improved. Obviously, the antenna radiation system does not need to change the antenna wiring, greatly reduces the design difficulty, is not limited by the size of a component area, and has higher flexibility.)
1. An antenna radiation system comprises a component area and an antenna clearance area, and is characterized in that a metal area serving as a reference ground in the component area is provided with a gap, a switch for connecting or disconnecting an original current return path is arranged at the gap, and when the switch disconnects the original current return path, current flows through the edge of the gap to prolong the return path of the reference ground current;
wherein the original current return path is a return path of the ground reference current when the gap is not disposed in the metal region.
2. The antenna radiation system of claim 1, wherein the slot has a length that is an integer multiple of a half wavelength of an operating frequency band of the antenna.
3. The antenna radiation system of claim 1, wherein said switch is one or more.
4. The antenna radiation system defined in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the slot begins at the junction of the metal region and the antenna clearance region, and the slot terminates within the metal region.
5. The antenna radiation system of claim 4, wherein the slot has a bend.
6. The antenna radiation system of claim 4, wherein said switch is located at the beginning of said slot.
7. An antenna radiation system according to any of claims 1-3, wherein one of said metallic region and said antenna clearance region has an extension thereon, and the other has a recess matching said extension, said slot traversing said original current return path and being located partially within said extension.
8. The antenna radiation system defined in claim 7, wherein the slot is linear.
9. The antenna radiation system of claim 7, wherein said switch is located in a middle of an extending direction of said slot.
10. A communication terminal comprising a control component, characterized by further comprising the antenna radiation system of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the control component is connected to a control terminal of a switch in the antenna radiation system for controlling on/off of the switch.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna radiation system and a communication terminal.
Background
In the trend of rapid development of communication terminals, it is more and more common to integrate multiple antennas, for example, mimo wireless fidelity (mimo wireless fidelity) antennas, and these antennas have the same frequency and no compatibility, so that they need to be implemented by respective antennas. However, in a miniaturized communication terminal, the size of the reference ground is limited, and is usually very small, which causes the antenna to be unable to realize omnidirectional radiation, and a radiated signal formed in a certain direction is weak.
In order to improve the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna, in the prior art, the antenna is usually changed, but the method for changing the antenna is limited by the size of the antenna radiation system, and the improvement effect on the miniaturized communication terminal is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antenna radiation system for improving the omni-directionality of an antenna. In addition, the invention also aims to provide a communication terminal comprising the antenna radiation system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an antenna radiation system, which comprises a component area and an antenna clearance area, wherein a metal area serving as a reference ground in the component area is provided with a gap, the gap is provided with a switch for connecting or disconnecting an original current return path, and when the switch disconnects the original current return path, current flows through the edge of the gap to prolong the return path of the reference ground current;
wherein the original current return path is a return path of the ground reference current when the gap is not disposed in the metal region.
Preferably, the length of the slot is an integral multiple of a half wavelength of an operating frequency band of the antenna.
Preferably, the switch is one or more.
Preferably, the slot starts at the junction of the metal area and the antenna clearance area, and the slot ends within the metal area.
Preferably, the slit has a bent portion.
Preferably, the switch is located at the beginning of the slit.
Preferably, one of the metal region and the antenna clearance region has an extension portion thereon, and the other has a recessed portion fitted with the extension portion, and the slot traverses the original current return path and is partially located within the extension portion.
Preferably, the slit is linear.
Preferably, the switch is located in the middle of the extension direction of the slit.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a communication terminal, including a control component and the antenna radiation system, where the control component is connected to a control end of a switch in the antenna radiation system, and is used to control on/off of the switch.
The antenna radiation system provided by the invention comprises a component area and an antenna clearance area, wherein a metal area serving as a reference ground in the component area is provided with a gap, and a switch for switching on or off an original current return path is arranged at the gap. When the switch is switched off, the reference ground current cannot flow through the original current return path any more, but flows along the edge of the gap, so that the length and the direction of the current return path are changed, therefore, the effective length of the reference ground is increased by the combination of the switches of the gap, the direction of the reference ground current is also changed, and the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna is improved. Obviously, the antenna radiation system does not need to change the antenna wiring, greatly reduces the design difficulty, is not limited by the size of a component area, and has higher flexibility.
In addition, the communication terminal provided by the invention comprises the antenna radiation system, and the effect is the same as that of the antenna radiation system.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an antenna radiation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the return path of ground reference current when the switch of FIG. 1 is on and off;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of another antenna radiation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the return path of the ground reference current when the switch of FIG. 3 is on and off;
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the radiation intensity of the antenna shown in FIG. 3 when closed, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of the radiation intensity of the antenna corresponding to the switch in fig. 3 when the switch is turned off according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide an antenna radiation system for improving the omni-directionality of the antenna. In addition, the invention also aims to provide a communication terminal comprising the antenna radiation system.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an antenna radiation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the antenna radiation system comprises a
the original current return path is a return path of the reference ground current when no gap is arranged in the metal area.
The development of antennas has mainly gone through two stages, the first stage-two simultaneously radiating antennas, namely dipole antennas; the second stage-one antenna and ideally the reference ground (infinite, acting as a mirror for the other antenna instead of the two antennas) i.e. a monopole antenna. However, the reference ground is not infinite, the effective length of the reference ground determines the influence of the reference ground on the radiation of the monopole antenna, and the effective length of the reference ground is the length of the reference ground current (plate-level current) passing through, so that the current paths are different, namely the mirror lengths are different, and the effect of changing the radiation direction of the antenna can be achieved.
Because the antenna wiring design and the reference ground (the size, the shape, the peripheral metal devices and other complex reasons) are in the actual design, especially in the high-frequency antenna design, the antenna is not the ideal model wiring and the infinite mirror reference ground, so that the radiation signal of the radiation direction of the antenna in a certain direction is weak, and the ideal omni-directionality is difficult to realize. The invention changes the form of the antenna ground loop current by changing the shape of the antenna reference ground, thereby influencing the change of the antenna radiation direction.
In a specific implementation, the component area is usually a PCB (printed circuit board) having a multi-layer structure, where the purpose of the multi-layer structure is to cross-route wires on different layers, and one or two layers of the multi-layer structure are laid with copper design without wires, and as a reference for the antenna, the specific number of layers is selected according to actual situations, which is not limited in this embodiment. Of course, other metal layers besides copper may be laid. The component area further comprises an antenna tuning circuit and a signal source, and two ends of the antenna tuning circuit are respectively connected with the signal source and the antenna. The WIFI (wireless fidelity) antenna mentioned in the invention has a layer of copper-laid design, and is used as a reference ground, and other components are connected with the reference ground. The antenna clearance area and the component area are both two areas on the antenna radiation system, but the functions of the two areas are different, and no redundant metal design exists in the antenna clearance area, that is, no metal body resonates with the working frequency band of the antenna, and usually, a plurality of antennas, for example, a plurality of WIFI antennas, are included in the antenna clearance area, and in fig. 1, two WIFI antennas are shown, so that the antenna clearance area and the component area can also be referred to as a MIMO WIFI antenna. In addition, in the present embodiment, the type of the antenna is not limited, and the antenna is generally an omnidirectional antenna, for example, an IFA (inverted F antenna), a PIFA (planar inverted F antenna), or the like, and the frequency band of the antenna is also not limited, and may be WIFI, 4G (fourth generation communication technology), bluetooth, or the like.
The current return path is obtained by cutting a slot in the metal region, and the slot is used for cutting off the original current return path, so that the reference ground current flows through the edge of the slot, and the current return path is obtained. It should be noted that the opening position of the slot is not limited, fig. 1 is only a specific implementation manner, and another implementation manner is also given in the following text, as long as the original current return path can be switched on when the contact of the switch is closed, and the original current return path is switched off when the contact of the switch is opened, so that the reference ground current flows along the edge of the slot when passing through the slot. In the present embodiment, the width of the slot is not limited, but may be determined according to the size of the actual metal area, and although the width of the slot affects the return path of the ground reference current, the effect is small, mainly the length of the slot, and therefore the width of the slot has a small effect on the radiation direction of the antenna.
In this embodiment, the switch may be an active switch, the control end is connected to a control component of the communication terminal where the antenna radiation system is located, which is usually a processing chip, the processing chip is preset with control logic, and the switch is controlled to be turned on and off according to a logic trigger signal. Preferably, the switch may be implemented using CMOS devices. The CMOS is composed of PMOS tube and NMOS tube, and features low power consumption. Because a gate circuit composed of a pair of MOS in the CMOS is conducted by PMOS or NMOS or is cut off instantly, the power consumption is very low compared with a linear triode, and therefore, when the antenna radiation system is arranged in a communication terminal, the electric quantity of a battery of the communication terminal is very low. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the number of the switches is not limited, and may be one or multiple, and for multiple cases, the corresponding switches may be selected according to actual situations, so as to control the return path and the direction of the ground reference current. Although multiple switches can provide return paths of various lengths, typically only one switch is provided due to the limited space in the component area.
In order to make the technical solution more clear to those skilled in the art, this embodiment shows fig. 2, and fig. 2 is a comparison diagram of the return path of the ground reference current when the switch in fig. 1 is turned on and off. Wherein the dotted line represents a return path for the ground reference current. The signal source of the antenna is respectively connected with the antenna tuning circuit 1 and the antenna tuning circuit 2 through two paths of outputs, and the antenna tuning circuit 1 and the antenna tuning circuit 2 are respectively connected with the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 in a conduction mode. As shown in fig. 2, in the left diagram, the switch is in an on state, the slit is short-circuited, and the current has a skin effect (also called skin effect), so the reference ground current flows along the edge of the metal region, and in the right diagram, the switch is in an off state, at this time, the slit is activated, the metal region is disconnected by the slit, and when the reference ground current reaches the left side of the slit, the reference ground current flows only along the edge of the slit, and when the reference ground current reaches the right side of the slit, the reference ground current flows according to the original current return path. It is obvious that in fig. 2, when the switch is turned off, the return path of the ground reference current is longer than the original return path of the current, which is equivalent to increasing the effective length of the ground reference, and the direction of the ground reference current is also changed, so that the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna is improved.
The antenna radiation system provided by the embodiment comprises a component area and an antenna clearance area, wherein a metal area serving as a reference ground in the component area is provided with a gap, and a switch for switching on or off an original current return path is arranged at the gap. When the switch is switched off, the reference ground current cannot flow through the original current return path any more, but flows along the edge of the gap, so that the length and the direction of the current return path are changed, therefore, the effective length of the reference ground is increased by the combination of the switches of the gap, the direction of the reference ground current is also changed, and the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna is improved. Obviously, the antenna radiation system does not need to change the antenna wiring, greatly reduces the design difficulty, is not limited by the size of a component area, and has higher flexibility.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the length of the slot is an integral multiple of the half wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna.
In the above embodiment, the length of the slot is not limited, and the isolation of the antenna can be improved when the length of the slot is an integral multiple of a half-wavelength of an operating frequency band of the antenna. The length of the slit in this embodiment refers to the total length of the slit, for example, in fig. 1, the slit has a bent portion, is L-shaped, and has a length equal to the sum of the vertical length and the horizontal length. For example, the WIFI antenna has an operating frequency of 2.4GHz, and a half wavelength thereof is usually less than 10mm, so that the length of the slot does not need to be particularly long, and the occupied board area is small. Therefore, the antenna isolation can be improved by setting the length of the gap besides improving the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the length of the slot is a half-wavelength length, in this case, the slot can also be regarded as a slot antenna, for example, a signal of the antenna 1 tries to affect the antenna 2 of the same frequency through the form of ground reference current or radiation form, but the existence of the slot in the middle can absorb and consume the signal trying to cross the boundary, thereby reducing crosstalk between the antennas. Moreover, the length of the half wavelength is shorter than the length of other integral multiples, and the implementation is easy.
As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment, the slot starts at the junction of the metal region and the antenna clearance region, and the slot ends in the metal region.
It will be appreciated that at most one of the beginning and end of the slot coincides with the boundary of the metal region, as shown in figure 1, the beginning of the slot coincides with the boundary of the metal region and the end of the slot is within the metal region. This approach is typically used when the area of the metal region is small. Further, in order to obtain a better omnidirectional radiation effect in a smaller area, the slit has a bending part. As shown in fig. 1, the slit is specifically L-shaped, and the return path of the ground reference current can be extended by bending, it can be understood that other bending manners can be used besides the L-shaped in fig. 1, and the embodiment is not limited. Further, the switch is located at the beginning of the slot.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of another antenna radiation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Corresponding to fig. 1, one of the
In the antenna radiation system shown in fig. 3, the edge of the slot does not coincide with the edge of the metal area, and the slot intersects the original current return path in the metal area. The layout of the antenna radiation system is suitable for the condition that the occupied area of the antenna is small, when the occupied area of the antenna is small, the area of the
Fig. 4 is a comparison of the return path of the ground reference current when the switch of fig. 3 is on and off. Wherein the dotted line represents a return path for the ground reference current. The signal source of the antenna is respectively connected with the antenna tuning circuit 1 and the antenna tuning circuit 2 through two paths of outputs, and the antenna tuning circuit 1 and the antenna tuning circuit 2 are respectively connected with the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 in a conduction mode. The working principle is as follows: in the left diagram, the switch is in a closed state, the gap is short-circuited, and the current has a skin effect (also called skin effect), so that the strongest field of the ground reference current flows along the edge of the metal area, that is, the ground reference current in this state flows through the original current return path; when the switch is turned off, the original current return path is disconnected by the gap, and the reference ground current can only pass through the edge of the gap and return to the edge of the metal area. It is obvious that in fig. 4, when the switch is turned off, the return path of the ground reference current is longer than the original return path of the current, which is equivalent to increasing the effective length of the ground reference, and the direction of the ground reference current is also changed, so that the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna is improved.
Fig. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the radiation intensity of the antenna shown in fig. 3 when closed according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of the radiation intensity of the antenna corresponding to the switch in fig. 3 when the switch is turned off according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, when the switch is turned off, the two main lobes of the antenna are the first
Finally, the invention also provides a communication terminal, which comprises a control component and the antenna radiation system mentioned in the embodiments, wherein the control component is connected with the control end of the switch in the antenna radiation system and is used for controlling the on-off of the switch.
Since the above detailed description is made on the embodiment of the antenna radiation system, the detailed description is omitted here. The communication terminal in this embodiment may be a smart watch, a smart bracelet, an AR (augmented reality) product, a VR (virtual reality) product, a sound box, or the like.
The communication terminal provided by the embodiment comprises an antenna radiation system, wherein the board comprises a component area and an antenna clearance area, a metal area serving as a reference ground in the component area is provided with a gap, and a switch for switching on or off an original current return path is arranged at the gap. When the switch is switched off, the reference ground current cannot flow through the original current return path any more, but flows along the edge of the gap, so that the length and the direction of the current return path are changed, therefore, the effective length of the reference ground is increased by the combination of the switches of the gap, the direction of the reference ground current is also changed, and the omnidirectional radiation of the antenna is improved. Obviously, the antenna radiation system does not need to change the antenna wiring, greatly reduces the design difficulty, is not limited by the size of a component area, and has higher flexibility.
The antenna radiation system and the communication terminal provided by the invention are described in detail above. The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
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