Single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternate Q-switching output method and laser
阅读说明:本技术 单纵模与非单纵模双脉冲激光交替调q输出方法及激光器 (Single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternate Q-switching output method and laser ) 是由 董渊 刘宇 李述涛 王超 金光勇 于 2019-05-09 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开了一种单纵模与非单纵模双脉冲激光交替调Q输出方法及激光器,该激光器包括:激光输出镜、电光调Q晶体、起偏器、45°反射镜、第一激光增益介质、第一激光全反射镜、第一耦合透镜组、第一光纤、第一泵浦源、四分之一波片、第二激光增益介质、第二激光全反射镜、第二耦合透镜组、第二光纤和第二泵浦源,当电光调Q晶体迅速加压时,所述激光器输出非单纵模激光,当电光调Q晶体阶跃式退压时,所述激光器输出单纵模激光。本发明不仅能够输出双脉冲激光,而且所输出的脉冲序列从时间上来看为单纵模与非单纵模交替输出的。(The invention discloses a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternative Q-switched output method and a laser, wherein the laser comprises: the laser comprises a laser output mirror, an electro-optic Q-switched crystal, a polarizer, a 45-degree reflector, a first laser gain medium, a first laser holophote, a first coupling lens group, a first optical fiber, a first pumping source, a quarter-wave plate, a second laser gain medium, a second laser holophote, a second coupling lens group, a second optical fiber and a second pumping source. The invention can not only output double-pulse laser, but also output pulse sequence which is alternately output by a single longitudinal mode and a non-single longitudinal mode in terms of time.)
1. A single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternative Q-switched output laser, characterized in that the laser comprises: laser output mirror, electro-optic Q-switched crystal, polarizer, 45 degree speculum, first laser gain medium, first laser holophote, first coupling lens group, first optic fibre, first pumping source, quarter wave plate, second laser gain medium, second laser holophote, second coupling lens group, second optic fibre and second pumping source, wherein:
the first pump source is arranged on one side of the first coupling lens group, the first optical fiber is used for connecting the first pump source and the first coupling lens group, and the first coupling lens group is used for coupling light emitted by the first pump source into the first laser gain medium;
the second pump source is arranged behind the second coupling lens group, the second optical fiber is used for connecting the second pump source and the second coupling lens group, and the second coupling lens group is used for coupling light emitted by the second pump source into a second laser gain medium;
the first laser holophote, the first laser gain medium, the 45-degree reflector, the polarizer, the electro-optic Q-switched crystal and the laser output mirror form a first path of laser resonant cavity;
the second laser holophote, the second laser gain medium, the quarter-wave plate, the 45-degree reflector, the polarizer, the electro-optic Q-switched crystal and the laser output mirror form a second laser resonant cavity;
the first path of laser resonant cavity and the second path of laser resonant cavity are arranged at a position of the 45-degree reflector in a 90-degree mode;
when the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is rapidly pressurized, the laser outputs non-single longitudinal mode laser, when the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is stepped to be decompressed, the laser outputs single longitudinal mode laser, rapid pressurization and stepped decompression are periodically carried out on the electro-optic Q-switched crystal, and the laser alternately outputs single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser.
2. The laser device according to claim 1, wherein the first laser total reflection mirror is disposed at the other side of the first coupling lens group; the second laser total reflection mirror is arranged in front of the second coupling lens group.
3. The laser device according to claim 1, wherein the first laser gain medium is disposed on a side of the first total laser reflection mirror away from the first coupling lens group; the second laser gain medium is arranged on one side, far away from the second coupling lens group, of the second laser total reflector.
4. The laser of claim 1, wherein the quarter-wave plate and the 45 ° reflector are sequentially disposed on a side of the second laser gain medium away from the second laser total reflection mirror, and the quarter-wave plate is disposed between the second laser gain medium and the 45 ° reflector.
5. The laser of claim 1, wherein the quarter wave plate is placed perpendicular to the 45 ° mirror.
6. The laser of claim 1, wherein the 45 ° reflector, the polarizer, the electro-optically Q-switched crystal and the laser output mirror are sequentially disposed on a side of the first laser gain medium away from the first laser total reflection mirror.
7. The laser of claim 1, wherein the first pump source and the second pump source are both semiconductor pump sources.
8. The laser of claim 1, further comprising a Q-switched drive module coupled to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal for applying a Q-switched drive signal to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal.
9. The laser of claim 8, wherein the Q-switched driving signal generated by the Q-switched driving module is a step-up high voltage signal.
10. A single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double pulse laser alternating Q-switched output method, applied to the laser device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises:
applying quarter preset wavelength voltage to the electro-optical Q-switched crystal;
the first pump source performs pulse pumping on the first laser gain medium, the first path of laser resonant cavity is in a high loss state, the first laser gain medium is in a population inversion state, when the inversion population of the first laser gain medium reaches the maximum, the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is in step-back pressure, the voltage applied to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal becomes zero, and single longitudinal mode laser with preset wavelength is output;
the second pump source performs pulse pumping on the second laser gain medium, the voltage applied to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is zero, the second laser resonant cavity is in a high-loss state, the second laser gain medium is in a population inversion state, when the inversion population of the second laser gain medium reaches the maximum, a quarter of preset wavelength voltage value is rapidly applied to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal, and the preset wavelength non-single longitudinal mode laser is output;
the rapid pressurizing and step-type decompressing states of the electro-optic Q-switching crystal are periodically repeated, and single-longitudinal-mode and non-single-longitudinal-mode double-pulse lasers which are alternately Q-switched and output are obtained.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid lasers, in particular to a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternating Q-switching output method and a laser.
Background
The double-pulse laser has very wide requirements in the aspects of laser ranging, environment monitoring, laser remote sensing and laser radar. Compared with the single longitudinal mode pulse laser, the non-single longitudinal mode pulse laser has wider line width, but can often obtain larger pulse energy output, and the non-single longitudinal mode pulse laser can realize ultra-long distance detection in the technical field. The single longitudinal mode pulse laser has a narrow line width, is a detection light source for ultrahigh-precision and ultrahigh-sensitivity detection, and the narrower the line width of the laser, the higher the measurement precision. However, since extra elements are required to be inserted into the laser resonant cavity for obtaining the laser resonant cavity, the output capacity of the laser resonant cavity is often lower than that of a non-single longitudinal mode pulse laser. Therefore, when the double-pulse laser is non-single longitudinal mode pulse laser and single longitudinal mode pulse laser, the ultra-long distance coarse detection and the short-distance high-precision detection can be realized in the technical fields of laser ranging, environment monitoring, laser remote sensing, laser radar and the like. At present, the publicly reported double-pulse laser mainly takes non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser output as a main part, wherein one known technology related to the invention is disclosed by Lifeng et al (Lifeng, Wangjuntao, Yinsu, etc.. electro-optical Q-switched double-pulse output Nd: YAG all-solid-state laser [ J ]. Chinese laser, 2012, 39 (08): 27-31.), and the adopted structure is shown in FIG. 1. In fig. 1, 101 is a laser resonator total reflection mirror, 102 is a Q switch, 103 is a quarter-wave plate, 104 is a polarizer, 105 is an LD pump source, 106 is a focusing coupling system, 107 is a mirror coated with pumping light anti-reflection and laser high reflection, 108 is Nd:
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternating Q-switching output method and a laser.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternating Q-switched output laser is provided, the laser includes:
laser output mirror, electro-optic Q-switched crystal, polarizer, 45 degree speculum, first laser gain medium, first laser holophote, first coupling lens group, first optic fibre, first pumping source, quarter wave plate, second laser gain medium, second laser holophote, second coupling lens group, second optic fibre and second pumping source, wherein:
the first pump source is arranged on one side of the first coupling lens group, the first optical fiber is used for connecting the first pump source and the first coupling lens group, and the first coupling lens group is used for coupling light emitted by the first pump source into the first laser gain medium;
the second pump source is arranged behind the second coupling lens group, the second optical fiber is used for connecting the second pump source and the second coupling lens group, and the second coupling lens group is used for coupling light emitted by the second pump source into a second laser gain medium;
the first laser holophote, the first laser gain medium, the 45-degree reflector, the polarizer, the electro-optic Q-switched crystal and the laser output mirror form a first path of laser resonant cavity;
the second laser holophote, the second laser gain medium, the quarter-wave plate, the 45-degree reflector, the polarizer, the electro-optic Q-switched crystal and the laser output mirror form a second laser resonant cavity;
the first path of laser resonant cavity and the second path of laser resonant cavity are arranged at a position of the 45-degree reflector in a 90-degree mode.
When the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is rapidly pressurized, the laser outputs non-single longitudinal mode laser, when the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is stepped to be decompressed, the laser outputs single longitudinal mode laser, rapid pressurization and stepped decompression are periodically carried out on the electro-optic Q-switched crystal, and the laser alternately outputs single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser.
Optionally, the first laser total reflection mirror is arranged on the other side of the first coupling lens group; the second laser total reflection mirror is arranged in front of the second coupling lens group.
Optionally, the first laser gain medium is disposed on a side of the first laser total reflection mirror away from the first coupling lens group; the second laser gain medium is arranged on one side, far away from the second coupling lens group, of the second laser total reflector.
Optionally, the quarter-wave plate and the 45 ° reflector are sequentially disposed on a side of the second laser gain medium away from the second laser total reflection mirror, and the quarter-wave plate is disposed between the second laser gain medium and the 45 ° reflector.
Optionally, the quarter wave plate is placed perpendicular to the 45 ° mirror.
Optionally, the 45 ° reflector, the polarizer, the electro-optical Q-switched crystal, and the laser output mirror are sequentially disposed on a side of the first laser gain medium away from the first laser total reflection mirror.
Optionally, the first pump source and the second pump source are both semiconductor pump sources.
Optionally, the laser further includes a Q-switched driving module, and the Q-switched driving module is connected to the electro-optical Q-switched crystal and is configured to apply a Q-switched driving signal to the electro-optical Q-switched crystal.
Optionally, the Q-switched driving signal generated by the Q-switched driving module is a step-type high-voltage signal.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternating Q-switched output method is provided, which is applied to the laser as described above, and the method includes:
applying quarter preset wavelength voltage to the electro-optical Q-switched crystal;
the first pump source performs pulse pumping on the first laser gain medium, the first path of laser resonant cavity is in a high loss state, the first laser gain medium is in a population inversion state, when the inversion population of the first laser gain medium reaches the maximum, the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is in step-back pressure, the voltage applied to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal becomes zero, and single longitudinal mode laser with preset wavelength is output;
the second pump source performs pulse pumping on the second laser gain medium, the voltage applied to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal is zero, the second laser resonant cavity is in a high-loss state, the second laser gain medium is in a population inversion state, when the inversion population of the second laser gain medium reaches the maximum, a quarter of preset wavelength voltage value is rapidly applied to the electro-optic Q-switched crystal, and the preset wavelength non-single longitudinal mode laser is output;
the rapid pressurizing and step-type decompressing states of the electro-optic Q-switching crystal are periodically repeated, and single-longitudinal-mode and non-single-longitudinal-mode double-pulse lasers which are alternately Q-switched and output are obtained.
The invention provides a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternating Q-switching output method and a laser. Moreover, the laser adopts a mode that a double-pump source alternatively pumps double laser gain media, and the two laser gain media work in turn, so that the heat effect of the laser can be greatly reduced under the condition of high pump power. In addition, under the condition that a Q-switched pulse signal is applied to the electro-optical Q-switched crystal once, single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser output can be realized, and an effective way is provided for alternate output of high-repetition-frequency single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode laser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art double pulse laser;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternative Q-switched output laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the timing of driving signals and the timing of forming a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pulse sequence of a single longitudinal mode and a non-single longitudinal mode double pulse laser alternatively Q-switched output laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for alternately adjusting Q-switched output by a single longitudinal mode and a non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternating Q-switched output laser according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the laser includes: the laser gain control device comprises a laser output mirror 1, an electro-optical Q-switched
the
the
the
the
the first path of laser resonant cavity and the second path of laser resonant cavity are arranged at a position of the 45-degree reflector 5 at an angle of 90 degrees.
In this embodiment, the two resonators in which the electro-optical Q-switching
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first laser
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first laser gain medium 6 is disposed on a side of the first laser
In one embodiment of the present invention, the quarter-
In one embodiment of the present invention, the quarter-
In one embodiment of the invention, the 45 ° reflector 5, the
In one embodiment of the present invention, the
In an embodiment of the present invention, the crystal used in the electro-optical Q-switched
In an embodiment of the present invention, the laser further includes a Q-switching driving module 2, and the Q-switching driving module 2 is connected to the electro-optical Q-switching
In an embodiment of the present invention, the Q-switched driving signal generated by the Q-switched driving module 2 is a step-type high-voltage signal, and the falling edge thereof is in a dual-step form, as shown in fig. 3The rising edge of the Q-switched drive signal is shown in a rapid rising manner, and the falling edge is in the form of a step signal, and the main purpose is to obtain lambda with relatively high pulse energy in the rising edge stage of the Q-switched drive signal1The laser output with narrow wavelength and pulse width and non-single longitudinal mode is obtained by using pre-laser technology in the falling stage of Q-switched drive signal1And outputting the single longitudinal mode pulse laser of the wavelength laser. The working process of the pre-laser technology can be divided into the following three stages in terms of time sequence:
a. seed light formation stage
Unlike the general Q-switched technique, the signal generator used in the pre-lasing technique is a two-step signal generator that generates a periodic stepped voltage signal that varies with time. In a high voltage state, the Q-switching loss in the cavity is high, and the inside of the laser is subjected to reversed particle accumulation; during the process of regulating high voltage to low voltage, the Q loss in the cavity is changed from high to low. At this time, the partially inverted particle transitions from a high energy level to a low energy level and generates a photon to form seed light.
b. Mode competition phase
When a low voltage is applied to the Q-switched crystal, the intra-cavity losses are low. And the low voltage duration is prolonged, the seed light carries out a natural mode selection process due to the existence of gain and loss difference values among different modes. Meanwhile, because the single-pass gain of the central mode is slightly larger than that of the adjacent mode, and the single-pass loss of the central mode is slightly smaller than that of the adjacent mode, the adjacent mode gradually disappears along with the increase of the duration time along with the continuation of the mode competition process, and finally single longitudinal mode seed light only with the central mode is formed.
c. Output process
When the Q-switch is fully opened, a large number of the inverted particles transition from a high energy level to a low energy level and a giant pulse laser is formed. The intensity level of the single longitudinal mode seed light is far larger than that of noise, so that the seed light can replace the noise as initial oscillation starting noise of the laser, and the seed light can amplify the seed light and inhibit other modes again to form the single longitudinal mode pulse laser.
The invention provides a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternative Q-switched output laserThe method is realized on the basis of effectively combining the principle of the voltage relief type electro-optical Q-switching with the principle of the voltage pressurization type electro-optical Q-switching. That is, when the electro-optical Q-switched
Specifically, the specific working principle of the single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternate Q-switched output laser is as follows: when a quarter of the preset lambda is applied to the electro-optically Q-switched
At the next instant, the
By repeating the steps, a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double-pulse laser alternating Q-switched output sequence shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained, wherein s in FIG. 4 represents single longitudinal mode laser, and m represents non-single longitudinal mode laser.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first laser gain medium 6 is Nd: YAG crystal with size of 4X 50mm3Plating 1064nm antireflection film (T is more than 99%) at two ends; the second
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a single longitudinal mode and non-single longitudinal mode double pulse laser alternating Q-switched output method, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes steps S501-S504:
in step S501, a quarter-preset wavelength voltage is applied to the electro-optically Q-switched
in step S502, the
in step S503, the
in step S504, the electro-optic Q-switched
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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