阅读说明：本技术 一种往复振动及超声分散结合的三级粉体细化分离装置 (Reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion combined three-stage powder refining and separating device ) 是由 袁军堂 王硕 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于材料粉体处理中的一种往复振动及超声分散结合的三级粉体细化分离装置,包括曲柄滑块机构、超声波辅助系统、T形导向装置、三级筛粉系统、框架支撑系统。本发明与的装置综合使用曲柄滑块机构和超声波粉碎分散技术,通过可调的曲柄转速及超声波频率,针对不同粉体均可实现快速、高质量的粉体分散,自动化程度高,避免人工重复性研磨；连续多级式筛粉机构,可同时实现不同粒径粉体的分离,节省处理工序和时间；增加粉体分离防护装置,减小筛粉过程中引入杂质以及逸出粉尘对于环境和人体的危害；具有高效率、高稳定性和高精度的特点。(The invention belongs to a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion in material powder treatment, which comprises a slider-crank mechanism, an ultrasonic auxiliary system, a T-shaped guide device, a three-stage powder sieving system and a frame supporting system. The device provided by the invention comprehensively uses a crank slide block mechanism and an ultrasonic crushing and dispersing technology, can realize rapid and high-quality powder dispersion aiming at different powders through adjustable crank rotating speed and ultrasonic frequency, has high automation degree, and avoids manual repeated grinding; the continuous multi-stage powder screening mechanism can simultaneously realize the separation of powder with different particle sizes, thereby saving the treatment process and time; a powder separation protection device is added, so that the harm of impurities introduced and escaping dust to the environment and human bodies in the powder screening process is reduced; has the characteristics of high efficiency, high stability and high precision.)

1. A three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion is characterized by comprising a slider-crank mechanism, an ultrasonic auxiliary system, a T-shaped guide device, a three-stage powder sieving system and a frame supporting system;

the crank sliding block mechanism is characterized in that a motor (4) is fixed on a frame supporting system, and a three-stage powder sieving system is a sliding block in the crank sliding block mechanism; in the ultrasonic auxiliary system, the ultrasonic generator (3) is fixed on the frame supporting system, and the ultrasonic transducer (20) is fixed on the three-stage powder sieving system; the three-stage powder sieving system is matched with the T-shaped guide device through a bearing; the frame supporting system supports the upper T-shaped guide device and the lower T-shaped guide device and is fixedly connected with the upper T-shaped guide device and the lower T-shaped guide device, the crank sliding block mechanism and the generating device of the ultrasonic auxiliary system are fixed and are arranged at one end of the frame supporting system, and the three-stage powder sieving system is in a suspended state between the supporting systems;

the crank sliding block mechanism comprises a motor (4), a motor speed regulation switch (6), a crank (8), a plurality of cylindrical pins (9), a connecting rod (10) and a driving sieve tray fastener (15), the motor speed regulation switch (6) is connected with the motor (4) through a lead, the crank (8) is fixed on a rotating shaft of the motor (4), the connecting rod (10) is hinged with the crank (8) through the connecting cylindrical pins (9), the driving sieve tray fastener (15) is provided with lug-shaped bulges, and the hinging is realized through the cylindrical pins (9) and the crank;

the ultrasonic auxiliary system comprises an ultrasonic generator (3), an ultrasonic frequency modulator (5) and three ultrasonic transducers (20), wherein the ultrasonic frequency modulator (5) is connected with the ultrasonic generator (3) through a lead to adjust the action frequency, and the ultrasonic transducers (20) are connected with the ultrasonic generator (3) through leads to convert the input electric power into mechanical power;

the T-shaped guide device comprises eight deep groove ball bearings (16), eight bearing connecting rods (17), a lower guide rail cross beam (2) and an upper guide rail cross beam (11), wherein the inner ring of each bearing (16) is fixed on each bearing connecting rod (17), each bearing (16) is embedded into a T-shaped groove of the upper guide rail cross beam (11), and the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped groove of each bearing (16) are in contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped groove of the upper guide rail cross beam (11) to realize the rolling of the bearings;

the three-stage powder sieving system comprises sieve tray fasteners (left) (18), sieve tray fasteners (right) (19), a sieve tray (21), a material tray (24), sieve tray fastener bolts and nuts (22), the sieve tray fasteners (left) (18) and the sieve tray fasteners (right) (19) are spliced to form hollow circular rings, the sieve tray (21) and the material tray (24) are all placed in the hollow circular rings formed by the sieve tray fasteners, the sieve tray fasteners (21) and the material tray (24) are clamped and fixed by the connection of the left and right fasteners through the sieve tray fastener bolts and the nuts (22), and the sieve tray (21) and the material tray (24) are automatically screened by a layer-by-layer powder sieving mechanism by selecting sieve trays with different meshes;

the frame support system comprises a base support column (1), a guide rail support column (7), a sieve tray support column (12), a sieve tray connecting rod (14), a three-way connecting fastener (13) and a four-way connecting fastener (23), wherein sieve tray support columns (12) are used for supporting among the multi-stage powder screening mechanisms, the sieve tray connecting rod (14) and the sieve tray support columns (12) are fixed through the three-way connecting fastener (13) and the four-way connecting fastener (23), a lower guide rail cross beam (2) is supported by the base support column (1), the guide rail support column (7) is connected with an upper guide rail cross beam and a lower guide rail cross beam in a welding mode, and a motor (4) and an ultrasonic generator (3) are fixed on the guide rail support column (.

2. The three-stage powder thinning and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion as claimed in claim 1, wherein a centering crank-slider mechanism is formed by the connecting center of the rotating shaft of the motor (4) and the crank (8) and the hinge center of the connecting rod (10) and the driving sieve tray fastener (15) being on the same horizontal line; the rotation speed of the motor (4) is adjusted by adjusting a motor speed adjusting switch (6); when the crank (8) and the connecting rod (10) are in two collinear positions, the powder sieving mechanism reaches the limit position and is still positioned in the range of the guide rail beam, so that the powder sieving mechanism horizontally reciprocates.

3. The three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer (20) is fixedly connected to the sieve tray fastening piece (right) (19), and the ultrasonic frequency modulator (5) is connected with the ultrasonic generator (3) through a lead to adjust the frequency.

4. The three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guide rail beam (11) adopts a T-shaped groove, the movement adopts a rolling bearing, and the bearing is installed in the guide rail groove.

5. The three-stage powder refining and separating device combining the reciprocating vibration and the ultrasonic dispersion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieve tray (21) and the material tray (24) are clamped and fixed by sieve tray fasteners (left) (18) and right) (19) fastened by bolts and nuts (22), and the sieve tray stacking type three-stage separating device is adopted to realize the automatic screening of different particle sizes of powder, and the material tray at the lowest layer of the powder screening mechanism realizes the automatic collection of powder screening products.

6. The three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieve tray fastener (left) (18), the sieve tray fastener (right) (19), the sieve tray connecting rod (14) and the bearing connecting rod (17) are all linked by hexagon socket head cap screws.

7. The use method of the three-stage powder refining and separating device based on the combination of the reciprocating vibration and the ultrasonic dispersion of any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1: according to the type, initial state and particle size of materials and the requirements of powder screening, the sieve trays (21) with the outer diameter of 200mm and the height of 40mm can be selected, when the sieve trays (21) with different mesh numbers are installed, the sieve trays are loaded in the sequence with the mesh numbers gradually increasing from top to bottom, and the mesh number difference of the two adjacent layers of sieve trays (21) is two times;

step 2: installing an experimental sieve tray (21), loading three sieve trays (21) with the same appearance size and different meshes into an annular ring consisting of a sieve tray fastener (left) (18) and a sieve tray fastener (right) (19), sequentially loading the three sieve trays into the other two sieve trays by the same method, finally loading a material tray (24) into the lowest part of a powder sieving mechanism, and screwing bolts and nuts (22) of the sieve tray fastener to fix the sieve trays (21) and the material tray (24) therein without shaking;

and step 3: installing a transparent protective cover of a powder sieving mechanism, covering a plastic transparent protective cover on the sieve tray (21) at the uppermost part, and installing a transparent hollow cylindrical protective cover on each layer of sieve tray (21) and the last material tray (24);

and 4, step 4: pouring the raw materials into the sieve tray (21) at the uppermost layer, wherein the horizontal height of the raw materials is not more than 20 mm;

and 5: starting to refine and separate the powder, firstly turning on an ultrasonic frequency modulator (5), selecting ultrasonic frequency, then turning on a motor speed regulation switch (6), and selecting rotating speed;

step 6: the method comprises the steps of collecting powder, stopping the ultrasonic frequency modulator (5) and the motor speed regulation switch (6) after the powder screening is finished from the transparent protective cover, loosening bolts and nuts (22) of a sieve tray fastener, sequentially taking out a sieve tray (21) and a last material tray (24) from top to bottom, and filling the powder in the sieve tray into a sample bag.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 1, a sieve tray of 100 meshes is selected when the particle size of the powder is required to be 150-250 μm, and a sieve tray of 200 meshes is selected when the particle size of the powder is required to be 75-120 μm; when the particle size of the required powder is 38-60 mu m, a sieve tray with 400 meshes is selected; when the particle size of the required powder is 18-25 mu m, a sieve tray with 800 meshes is selected; when the particle size of the required powder is 13-18 μm, a sieve plate of 1000 meshes is selected.

9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 5, the rotation speed is 100r/min and the frequency is 30KHz for the particle size of the powder of 150-250 μm, and the rotation speed is 150r/min and the frequency is 40KHz for the particle size of the powder of 75-120 μm; when the particle size of the required powder is 38-60 μm, the rotation speed is 200r/min, and the frequency is 50 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 18-25 μm, the rotation speed is 250r/min, and the frequency is 60 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 13-18 μm, the rotation speed is 300r/min and the frequency is 70 KHz.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of powder pretreatment, in particular to a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion.

Background

At the present stage, China vigorously develops the aerospace and military fields, higher performance indexes are provided for materials used for production, the traditional materials cannot meet the requirement of high performance under severe working conditions, and the research and application of new materials become hot research contents of the current society in order to meet the requirements of industry and life. Powder metallurgy is mainly studied in the metal field, such as powder preparation of titanium alloys and rapid molding (3D printing) of titanium alloy powders; in the field of ceramics, powder densification sintering of engineering ceramics is mainly studied, such as spark plasma powder sintering boron carbide ceramic armor, microwave powder sintering carbide ceramic cutter, and the like. The powder is pretreated in the research and application of the powder, wherein one of the indexes which are crucial to the performance influence in the preparation of a new material from the powder is the agglomeration state and the particle size of the powder, and the powder with different particle sizes often causes obvious performance difference, so that the method is an aspect worthy of deep research.

At present, the device and the method for refining and separating the powder are relatively laggard and single. Under the laboratory environment, mainly rely on the manual work to use the sieve tray to sieve the powder, work load is big, inefficiency, the loss volume is big, and the powder that simultaneously the screening in-process introduced impurity easily and spilled over has great harm to the human body. In the aspect of industry, a screening machine is huge and heavy, the situation that a screen is blocked needs to be maintained frequently in the using process, the cost is high, the screening of powder with one particle size can only be completed, the function is single, and the screening machine is not suitable for distinguishing different particle sizes in different batches. Therefore, the refining and screening modes of small-batch, multi-type and different particle sizes of the powder need to be improved, and a high-efficiency, low-cost and high-automation-degree powder refining and separating device is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a three-stage powder refining and separating device which has the advantages of high efficiency, high stability, low cost, multiple applicable material types and the combination of reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion and can realize multi-stage particle size separation.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion comprises a slider-crank mechanism, an ultrasonic auxiliary system, a T-shaped guide device, a three-stage powder sieving system and a frame supporting system; the crank sliding block mechanism comprises a motor, a motor speed regulation switch, a crank, a plurality of cylindrical pins, a connecting rod and a driving sieve tray fastener, wherein the motor speed regulation switch is connected with the motor through a lead, the crank is fixed on a rotating shaft of the motor, the connecting rod is hinged with the crank through connecting the cylindrical pins, the driving sieve tray fastener is provided with an ear-shaped bulge, and the hinge is realized through the cylindrical pins and the crank; the ultrasonic auxiliary system comprises an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic frequency modulator and three ultrasonic transducers, wherein the ultrasonic frequency modulator is connected with the ultrasonic generator through a lead for adjusting the action frequency, and the ultrasonic transducers are connected with the ultrasonic generator through leads for converting the input electric power into mechanical power (namely ultrasonic waves); the T-shaped guide device comprises eight deep groove ball bearings, eight bearing connecting rods, a lower guide rail cross beam and an upper guide rail cross beam, wherein the inner ring of a bearing is fixed on the bearing connecting rod, the bearing is embedded into a T-shaped groove of the guide rail cross beam, and the outer ring of the bearing is contacted with the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped groove of the guide rail cross beam to realize the rolling of the bearing; the three-stage powder sieving system comprises a sieve tray fastener (left), a sieve tray fastener (right), sieve trays, a material tray, sieve tray fastener bolts and nuts, the sieve tray fastener (left) and the sieve tray fastener (right) are spliced into hollow circular rings, the sieve trays and the material tray are both placed into the hollow circular rings formed by the sieve tray fasteners, the sieve trays and the material tray are clamped and fixed by the connection of the left fastener and the right fastener through the sieve tray fastener bolts and the nuts, and the sieve trays with different meshes are selected and the powder sieving mechanisms are superposed layer by layer to realize automatic screening of powder with different particle sizes; the frame support system comprises a base support column, guide rail support columns, sieve tray connecting rods, three-way connection fasteners and four-way connection fasteners, the sieve tray support columns are used for supporting among the multi-stage powder screening mechanisms, the three-way connection fasteners and the four-way connection fasteners are used for fixing among the sieve tray connecting rods and the sieve tray support columns, the base support columns support a lower guide rail cross beam, the guide rail support columns are connected with the upper guide rail cross beam and the lower guide rail cross beam in a welding mode, and meanwhile the motor and the ultrasonic generator are fixed on the guide rail support columns.

The use method of the three-level powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion comprises the following steps:

step 1: according to the type, initial state and particle size of the material and the requirements of screening powder, the screening disks with the outer diameter of 200mm and the height of 40mm can be selected, when the screening disks with different mesh numbers are installed, the screening disks are loaded in the sequence with the mesh numbers gradually increasing from top to bottom, and the difference of the mesh numbers of the two adjacent layers of the screening disks is two times. Selecting a sieve tray with 100 meshes when the particle size of the powder is required to be 150-250 mu m, and selecting a sieve tray with 200 meshes when the particle size of the powder is required to be 75-120 mu m; when the particle size of the required powder is 38-60 mu m, a sieve tray with 400 meshes is selected; when the particle size of the required powder is 18-25 mu m, a sieve tray with 800 meshes is selected; when the particle size of the required powder is 13-18 μm, a sieve plate of 1000 meshes is selected.

Step 2: installing an experimental sieve tray, loading three sieve trays with the same appearance size but different meshes into an annular ring consisting of a sieve tray fastener (left) and a sieve tray fastener (right), sequentially loading the rest two sieve trays by the same method, finally loading a material tray into the lowest part of a powder sieving mechanism, and screwing bolts and nuts of the sieve tray fastener to fix the sieve tray and the material tray in the material tray without shaking.

And step 3: a transparent protective cover of a powder sieving mechanism is installed, a plastic transparent protective cover is covered on the sieve tray on the uppermost part, and meanwhile, a transparent hollow cylindrical protective cover is installed on each layer of sieve tray and the last material tray.

And 4, step 4: pouring the raw materials into the uppermost layer of the sieve tray, wherein the horizontal height of the raw materials is not more than 20 mm;

and 5: starting to refine and separate the powder, firstly turning on an ultrasonic frequency modulator, selecting ultrasonic frequency, then turning on a motor speed regulation switch, and selecting rotating speed; when the particle size of the required powder is 150-250 mu m, the rotating speed is 100r/min and the frequency is 30 KHz; when the required powder particle size is 75-120 μm, the rotation speed is 150r/min, and the frequency is 40 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 38-60 μm, the rotation speed is 200r/min, and the frequency is 50 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 18-25 μm, the rotation speed is 250r/min, and the frequency is 60 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 13-18 μm, the rotation speed is 300r/min and the frequency is 70 KHz.

Step 6: and collecting powder, stopping the ultrasonic frequency modulator and the motor speed regulation switch after the powder screening is finished from the transparent protective cover, unscrewing bolts and nuts of the sieve tray fastener, sequentially taking out the sieve tray and the last material tray from top to bottom, and filling the powder in the sieve tray into a sample bag.

The principle of the invention is as follows: the centering crank sliding block mechanism can realize the reciprocating motion of a fixed stroke, the length of a crank is set as a, the length of a connecting rod is set as b, when the crank connecting rods are collinear and are hinged at the centers of the two rod pieces, the slide block reaches the farthest limit position, the length of the slide block from the center of the crank is a + b, when the crank connecting rods are collinear again and are hinged at one end of the two rod pieces, the slide block reaches the nearest limit position, the length of the slide block from the center of the crank is b-a, therefore, the fixed stroke length of the slide block is 2a, the reciprocating motion can be realized, the powder body is driven to move in the reciprocating motion process of the sieve tray, because the powder has inertia, the powder rolls, the particles are crushed, when the particles are smaller than the diameter of the meshes of the sieve tray, the screen tray which is finer and smaller in the mesh of the next stage is dropped to realize the separation of coarse and fine particles, so that the multistage powder separation is realized. The ultrasonic system has the function principle that the ultrasonic generator generates a high-frequency alternating current signal to drive the ultrasonic transducer, the powder and the sieve tray realize high-frequency vibration under the action of ultrasonic waves, the powder is promoted to break, particles are refined, meanwhile, the vibration of the sieve tray can prevent the finer particles from blocking the mesh holes, the powder sieving process is accelerated, and the efficiency is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) the reciprocating movement of a fixed stroke can be ensured by adopting a crank-slider mechanism, the reciprocating movement is stable, accurate and reliable, and the escape and the loss caused by the violent movement of powder in the powder sieving process can be avoided; 2) the T-shaped guide device is adopted, the bearing is arranged in the guide rail sliding groove, the vibration and noise of the supporting component in the movement process are reduced, meanwhile, the friction force of reciprocating movement can be reduced by using the bearing, the abrasion to the guide rail is reduced, the service life is prolonged, the bearing is a standard component, the replacement is convenient, and the maintenance cost is low; 3) an ultrasonic auxiliary system is adopted, an ultrasonic transducer directly acts on a sieve tray fastener, so that ultrasonic transmission is rapid and effective, crushing and refining of powder are accelerated, meanwhile, vibration of the sieve tray can prevent finer particles from blocking mesh holes, the powder sieving process is accelerated, and the efficiency is improved; 4) the powder screening mechanism adopts three-stage continuous powder screening, can distinguish four particle sizes of the same powder in one step, is simple and easy to operate, can replace sieve trays with different meshes according to the requirement to meet the requirement of distinguishing the particle sizes, and adopts bolts and nuts to fasten semicircular sieve tray fasteners, so that the sieve trays are more stable and simpler to fasten and are convenient to mount and dismount; 5) the whole frame is made of aluminum alloy, the structure is compact and light, the maintenance and the replacement are convenient, and the manufacturing cost is low.

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general structure diagram of a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the first reciprocating motion limit position of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the second reciprocating motion limit position of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a slider-crank mechanism of a three-stage powder fine separation device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a sieve tray fastener of a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion.

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a guide rail beam of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a bearing guide rail system (provided with a protective cover) of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion.

Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a three-stage powder sieving system of a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion, which is used for realizing rapid automatic separation of different particle sizes of powder by refining and three-stage powder sieving of raw material powder. The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

With reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion is characterized by comprising a slider-crank mechanism, an ultrasonic auxiliary system, a T-shaped guide device, a three-stage powder sieving system and a frame supporting system; the crank sliding block mechanism comprises a motor, a motor speed regulation switch, a crank, a plurality of cylindrical pins, a connecting rod and a driving sieve tray fastener, wherein the motor speed regulation switch is connected with the motor through a lead, the crank is fixed on a rotating shaft of the motor, the connecting rod is hinged with the crank through connecting the cylindrical pins, the driving sieve tray fastener is provided with an ear-shaped bulge, and the hinge is realized through the cylindrical pins and the crank; the ultrasonic auxiliary system comprises an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic frequency modulator and three ultrasonic transducers, wherein the ultrasonic frequency modulator is connected with the ultrasonic generator through a lead for adjusting the action frequency, and the ultrasonic transducers are connected with the ultrasonic generator through leads for converting the input electric power into mechanical power (namely ultrasonic waves); the T-shaped guide device comprises eight deep groove ball bearings, eight bearing connecting rods, a lower guide rail cross beam and an upper guide rail cross beam, wherein the inner ring of a bearing is fixed on the bearing connecting rod, the bearing is embedded into a T-shaped groove of the guide rail cross beam, and the outer ring of the bearing is contacted with the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped groove of the guide rail cross beam to realize the rolling of the bearing; the three-stage powder sieving system comprises a sieve tray fastener (left), a sieve tray fastener (right), sieve trays, a material tray, sieve tray fastener bolts and nuts, the sieve tray fastener (left) and the sieve tray fastener (right) are spliced into hollow circular rings, the sieve trays and the material tray are both placed into the hollow circular rings formed by the sieve tray fasteners, the sieve trays and the material tray are clamped and fixed by the connection of the left fastener and the right fastener through the sieve tray fastener bolts and the nuts, and the sieve trays with different meshes are selected and the powder sieving mechanisms are superposed layer by layer to realize automatic screening of powder with different particle sizes; the frame support system comprises a base support column, guide rail support columns, sieve tray connecting rods, three-way connection fasteners and four-way connection fasteners, the sieve tray support columns are used for supporting among the multi-stage powder screening mechanisms, the three-way connection fasteners and the four-way connection fasteners are used for fixing among the sieve tray connecting rods and the sieve tray support columns, the base support columns support a lower guide rail cross beam, the guide rail support columns are connected with the upper guide rail cross beam and the lower guide rail cross beam in a welding mode, and meanwhile the motor and the ultrasonic generator are fixed on the guide rail support columns.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in the slider-crank mechanism included in the present invention, when the motor speed-adjusting switch is turned on, the motor rotates to drive the crank to rotate periodically, the crank is hinged to drive the connecting rod through the cylindrical pin, the sieve tray fastening member and the sieve tray connected to the connecting rod are the "slider" in the slider-crank mechanism, and the connecting rod drives the "slider" to reciprocate. Fig. 4 is a front view of a first reciprocating motion limit position of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention, wherein the crank and the connecting rod are collinear, the hinge center of the crank and the connecting rod is located between the two rod members, and the sieve tray mechanism reaches the farthest end position. Fig. 5 is a front view of the second reciprocating extreme position of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention, wherein the crank and the connecting rod are collinear, the hinge center of the crank and the connecting rod is located at one end (left end) of the crank, and the sieve tray mechanism reaches the nearest position. As the crank rotates, the screening system reciprocates between fig. 4 and 5.

As shown in fig. 7, which is a structural diagram of a sieve tray fastener of a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention, a bearing connecting rod 17 is respectively fixed on a left sieve tray fastener 18 and a right sieve tray fastener 19 through hexagon socket head cap screws 75, an inner ring of a bearing 16 is installed on the bearing connecting rod 17 through interference fit, the left sieve tray fastener 18 and the right sieve tray fastener 19 are fixed through bolts and nuts 22, so as to clamp a sieve tray placed therein, and simultaneously, an ultrasonic transducer 20 operates, vibrates the right sieve tray fastener 19 through ultrasonic waves, and then transmits the powder to the clamped sieve tray so that the powder vibrates at a high frequency in the sieve tray, thereby crushing the powder and preventing the powder from blocking sieve holes. As shown in fig. 8, a structure diagram of a T-shaped guide rail beam of a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention is shown, a bearing 16 in fig. 7 is installed in a T-shaped guide rail groove of the guide rail beam to achieve translational motion, after assembly, as shown in fig. 9, a transparent plastic shield 91 is installed between two adjacent layers of sieve trays in fig. 9, the lower edge of the transparent plastic shield 91 is fixed to the outer edge of the lower layer of sieve tray in a matching manner, and a conical transparent plastic shield 92 is installed on the uppermost layer of sieve tray to shield the uppermost layer of sieve tray to prevent powder from escaping.

Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a three-stage powder sieving system of a three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion according to the present invention. The powder screening mechanism is divided into 4 layers, the first three layers are screen trays, the mesh number of the screen trays is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the last layer is a material tray for storing a final product. The powder sieving system is formed by fastening a sieve tray and a material tray by a sieve tray fastener structure in fig. 7 and then overlapping, wherein adjacent two layers are fixed by a sieve tray support column, a three-way connecting fastener and a four-way connecting fastener.

The application method of the three-stage powder refining and separating device combining reciprocating vibration and ultrasonic dispersion comprises the following steps:

step 1: according to the type, initial state and particle size of the material and the requirements of screening powder, the screening disks with the outer diameter of 200mm and the height of 40mm can be selected, when the screening disks with different mesh numbers are installed, the screening disks are loaded in the sequence with the mesh numbers gradually increasing from top to bottom, and the difference of the mesh numbers of the two adjacent layers of the screening disks is two times. Selecting a sieve tray with 100 meshes when the particle size of the powder is required to be 150-250 mu m, and selecting a sieve tray with 200 meshes when the particle size of the powder is required to be 75-120 mu m; when the particle size of the required powder is 38-60 mu m, a sieve tray with 400 meshes is selected; when the particle size of the required powder is 18-25 mu m, a sieve tray with 800 meshes is selected; when the particle size of the required powder is 13-18 μm, a sieve plate of 1000 meshes is selected.

Step 2: installing an experimental sieve tray, loading three sieve trays with the same appearance size but different meshes into an annular ring consisting of a sieve tray fastener (left) and a sieve tray fastener (right), sequentially loading the rest two sieve trays by the same method, finally loading a material tray into the lowest part of a powder sieving mechanism, and screwing bolts and nuts of the sieve tray fastener to fix the sieve tray and the material tray in the material tray without shaking.

And step 3: a transparent protective cover of a powder sieving mechanism is installed, a plastic transparent protective cover is covered on the sieve tray on the uppermost part, and meanwhile, a transparent hollow cylindrical protective cover is installed on each layer of sieve tray and the last material tray.

And 4, step 4: pouring the raw materials into the uppermost layer of the sieve tray, wherein the horizontal height of the raw materials is not more than 20 mm;

and 5: starting to refine and separate the powder, firstly turning on an ultrasonic frequency modulator, selecting ultrasonic frequency, then turning on a motor speed regulation switch, and selecting rotating speed; when the particle size of the required powder is 150-250 mu m, the rotating speed is 100r/min and the frequency is 30 KHz; when the required powder particle size is 75-120 μm, the rotation speed is 150r/min, and the frequency is 40 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 38-60 μm, the rotation speed is 200r/min, and the frequency is 50 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 18-25 μm, the rotation speed is 250r/min, and the frequency is 60 KHz; when the particle size of the required powder is 13-18 μm, the rotation speed is 300r/min and the frequency is 70 KHz.

Step 6: and collecting powder, stopping the ultrasonic frequency modulator and the motor speed regulation switch after the powder screening is finished from the transparent protective cover, unscrewing bolts and nuts of the sieve tray fastener, sequentially taking out the sieve tray and the last material tray from top to bottom, and filling the powder in the sieve tray into a sample bag.