阅读说明：本技术 一种立式热解炉 (Vertical pyrolysis furnace ) 是由 郝家旭 佟建国 侯轶丁 于 2019-06-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种立式热解炉,包括燃烧机、炉体、支架,所述支架上侧安装有燃烧机和炉体,所述燃烧机和炉体连接,所述炉体外侧包裹有保温隔热层,所述炉体由耐热风机、料筒、快开盖、上保温盖、降温除尘管路、混合气体收集管路、烟道、燃烧室、下保温盖组成,所述炉体内部设有燃烧室,本发明安全、可靠,设备投资少,运行成本低,适宜工业化推广应用。本发明用于煤焦油渣及污油泥无害化处理,本发明的燃烧室的设计,使物料在绝氧状态下由燃烧机将燃烧室升温至450--600摄氏度,其中的烃类污染物快速挥发,并通过常压蒸发转化成为油蒸汽,经混合气体收集管路将含有挥发油蒸汽的尾气通过冷凝、过滤和吸附的过程回收煤焦油/热解油。(The invention relates to a vertical pyrolysis furnace, which comprises a burner, a furnace body and a support, wherein the burner and the furnace body are arranged on the upper side of the support, the burner is connected with the furnace body, a heat-insulating layer is wrapped on the outer side of the furnace body, the furnace body consists of a heat-resisting fan, a charging barrel, a quick-opening cover, an upper heat-insulating cover, a cooling and dedusting pipeline, a mixed gas collecting pipeline, a flue, a combustion chamber and a lower heat-insulating cover, and the combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body. The design of the combustion chamber of the invention leads the material to be heated to 450-600 ℃ by a burner in an anaerobic state, hydrocarbon pollutants in the material are volatilized rapidly and converted into oil vapor by normal pressure evaporation, and the coal tar/pyrolytic oil is recovered from tail gas containing volatile oil vapor through a mixed gas collecting pipeline through the processes of condensation, filtration and adsorption.)

1. A vertical pyrolysis furnace is characterized by comprising a burner, a furnace body and a support, wherein the burner and the furnace body are installed on the upper side of the support and connected with each other, a heat-insulating layer is wrapped on the outer side of the furnace body, the furnace body consists of a heat-resisting fan, a charging barrel, a quick-opening cover, an upper heat-insulating cover, a cooling and dust-removing pipeline, a mixed gas collecting pipeline, a flue, a combustion chamber and a lower heat-insulating cover, the combustion chamber is arranged inside the furnace body, a feeding port is formed in the upper side of the furnace body, a discharging port is formed in the lower side of the furnace body, the feeding port is located in the upper side of the combustion chamber, the discharging port is located in the lower side of the combustion chamber, the upper heat-insulating cover is installed at the position of the feeding port, the lower heat-insulating cover, the feed cylinder upside collects the tube coupling with cooling dust removal pipeline, mist respectively, combustion chamber one side is connected with combustor, heat-resisting fan respectively, heat-resisting fan is connected with the combustor and is located the combustor upside, the combustion chamber opposite side is connected with the flue.

2. The vertical pyrolysis furnace of claim 1, wherein the cooling and dedusting pipeline comprises an outer pipeline, an inner pipeline, and a filtering structure, the inner pipeline is wrapped inside the outer pipeline, the upper side of the outer pipeline is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected with a water pump through a water pipeline, the water outlet is connected with the recovery tank through a water pipeline, one end of the inner pipeline is provided with the filtering structure, the filtering structure is connected with the recovery pipeline, and the filtering structure is a detachable structure.

3. A vertical pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1 wherein the mixed gas collecting line is connected to a suction device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a vertical pyrolysis furnace of harmless treatment equipment for coal tar residues and oil sludge in an oil extraction area of an oil field.

Background

In the field of coal chemical industry, 90 million tons of coal tar residues are in urgent need of treatment every year in China. The crude oil yield is about 1.9 million tons per year in China, and the produced oil sludge is about 567 million tons. According to the domestic environmental protection law, the oil-containing wastes need to be comprehensively disposed in coal chemical plants or oil fields, or the oil-containing wastes are delivered to enterprises with dangerous waste qualities for high-price treatment as HW11 (coal tar residues) or HW08 (oil sludge) dangerous wastes. At present, due to the lack of processing technology with feasibility and economy, over 80 percent of coal tar residues and oil field oil sludge are not subjected to final comprehensive treatment, and partial reduction treatment can be realized at most. The reason is that no thorough, economic and reliable processing technology exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a vertical pyrolysis furnace which is characterized by comprising a burner, a furnace body and a support, wherein the burner and the furnace body are installed on the upper side of the support, the burner is connected with the furnace body, a heat insulation layer is wrapped on the outer side of the furnace body, the furnace body consists of a heat-resistant fan, a charging barrel, a quick-opening cover, an upper heat insulation cover, a cooling and dedusting pipeline, a mixed gas collecting pipeline, a flue, a combustion chamber and a lower heat insulation cover, the combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body, a feeding hole is formed in the upper side of the furnace body, a discharging hole is formed in the lower side of the combustion chamber, the feeding hole is positioned on the upper side of the combustion chamber, the discharging hole is positioned on the lower side of the combustion chamber, the upper heat insulation cover is installed at the feeding hole, the lower heat insulation cover is, Combustion chamber through connection, the feed cylinder upside collects the tube coupling with cooling dust removal pipeline, mist respectively, combustion chamber one side is connected with combustor, heat-resisting fan respectively, heat-resisting fan is connected with the combustor and is located the combustor upside, combustion chamber opposite side and flue are connected.

The cooling and dedusting pipeline is composed of an outer pipeline, an inner pipeline and a filtering structure, the inner pipeline is wrapped inside the outer pipeline, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the upper side of the outer pipeline, the water inlet is connected with a water pump through a water pipeline, the water outlet is connected with a recovery pond through a water pipeline, the filtering structure is installed at one end of the inner pipeline, the filtering structure is connected with the recovery pipeline, and the filtering structure is of a detachable structure.

The mixed gas collecting pipeline is connected with the air suction device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the advantages of safety, reliability, less equipment investment, low operation cost and strong processing capacity, and is suitable for industrialized popularization and application. The design of the combustion chamber of the invention leads the material to be heated to 450-600 ℃ by a burner in an anaerobic state, hydrocarbon pollutants in the material are volatilized rapidly and converted into oil vapor by normal pressure evaporation, and the tail gas containing the volatile oil vapor is condensed, filtered and adsorbed by a mixed gas collecting pipeline to recover coal tar/pyrolytic oil; the purified tail gas is completely recovered through a cooling dust removal pipeline, compressed and stored to be used as supplementary energy supply of a heating system, and 100% tail gas recycling is realized. Meanwhile, through a series of comprehensive reactions such as pyrolysis and the like, macromolecular hydrocarbons such as asphalt, wax, colloid and the like and other refractory organic matters and the like are pyrolyzed and carbonized, so that the aim of quickly reducing, harmlessly eliminating toxic and harmful substances to the maximum is achieved, and the pyrolyzed materials are quickly cleaned by a special discharging mechanism through temperature reduction and dust removal.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the cooling and dedusting pipeline of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a burner 1, a furnace body 2, a support 3, a heat-resistant fan 2-1, a charging barrel 2-2, a quick-opening cover 2-3, an upper heat-insulating cover 2-4, a cooling and dedusting pipeline 2-5, a mixed gas collecting pipeline 2-6, a flue 2-7, a combustion chamber 2-8, a lower heat-insulating cover 2-9, materials 2-10, a heat-insulating layer 2-11, an outer pipeline 2-51, an inner pipeline 2-52, a filtering structure 2-53, a water inlet 2-54 and a water outlet 2-55.

Detailed Description