阅读说明：本技术 一种预应力双向空心预制楼梯及其制作方法 (Prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 刘玉涛 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种预应力双向空心预制楼梯及其制作方法,包括预制楼梯,所述预制楼梯包括阶梯部和梯板部,所述阶梯部和梯板部内分别设有空心成孔和空心管,所述空心成孔和空心管使预制楼梯形成空心混凝土体,所述空心成孔和空心管的成孔方向十字交叉、且成孔为双层叠加状态,所述梯板部内设置有钢筋骨架。由于在楼梯内采用上下排列双层双向的空心成孔技术,使得预制楼图的混凝土含量得到了节省,并使楼梯自重大为降低；由于采用预应力技术,使得跨度得到了提升,并控制了混凝土裂缝的产生；由于采用高强预应力钢筋替代了部分普通钢筋,降低了钢筋含量,从而降低了预制混凝土楼梯的工程造价。(The invention discloses a prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase comprises a prefabricated staircase body, the prefabricated staircase body comprises a step part and a step plate part, hollow holes and hollow pipes are respectively arranged in the step part and the step plate part, the hollow holes and the hollow pipes enable the prefabricated staircase body to form a hollow concrete body, the directions of the hollow holes and the hollow pipes are crossed in a cross mode, the holes are formed in a double-layer overlapping state, and a steel reinforcement framework is arranged in the step plate part. Because the double-layer bidirectional hollow hole forming technology arranged up and down is adopted in the stairs, the concrete content of the prefabricated floor plan is saved, and the self weight of the stairs is greatly reduced; due to the adoption of the prestress technology, the span is promoted, and the generation of concrete cracks is controlled; because the high-strength prestressed steel bars are adopted to replace part of common steel bars, the content of the steel bars is reduced, and the construction cost of the precast concrete stairs is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a two-way hollow prefabricated staircase of prestressing force, includes prefabricated staircase (1), prefabricated staircase (1) includes step portion (5) and step portion (13), its characterized in that: hollow pore-forming bodies (7) and hollow pipes (8) are respectively arranged in the step part (5) and the stair plate part (13), the prefabricated stair (1) is formed into a hollow concrete body by the hollow pore-forming bodies (7) and the hollow pipes (8), the pore-forming directions of the hollow pore-forming bodies (7) and the hollow pipes (8) are crossed, and the pore-forming bodies are in a double-layer overlapping state;

be provided with steel reinforcement framework in trapezoidal board portion (13), steel reinforcement framework includes prestressing steel (9) and ordinary steel bar group frame, prestressing steel (9) set up in ordinary steel bar group frame inboard.

2. The prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: hollow pore-forming (7) transversely set up in step (5), hollow tube (8) are vertically pre-buried in terraced board portion (13).

3. The prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: the common steel bar group frame comprises transverse common steel bars (10), longitudinal upper-layer common steel bars (6) and longitudinal lower-layer common steel bars (11).

4. The prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: an anti-cracking steel wire mesh (4) is embedded in the part, close to the step part (5), of the interior of the prefabricated staircase (1).

5. The prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: prefabricated staircase (1) includes stiff end (2) and overlap joint end (12), be provided with pinning hole (3) on stiff end (2).

6. A manufacturing method of a prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase is characterized in that: the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the construction site concrete construction method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the stair prefabricating moulds are orderly placed at the designated positions on the production line along the longitudinal direction, 1-N stair moulds are orderly placed between tensioning pedestals in a horizontal mould mode, the stair step surfaces face downwards, and openings of the stair mould back planes face upwards;

step two: laying a common steel bar mesh (4) in a prefabricated mould;

step three: transversely pre-embedding a core-pulling tube core to a step part (5) in a mold, wherein one end of the tube core penetrates through a preformed hole on the side surface of the mold;

step four: binding a common steel bar group frame;

step five: laying pre-embedded hollow pipes (8) along the long side direction to form longitudinal hollow holes;

step six: laying prestressed reinforcements through the preformed holes at the two ends of the die for the prestressed reinforcements (9), and placing a hole die at the preformed holes;

step seven: tensioning the prestressed reinforcement (9) by a pretensioning method through tensioning devices at two ends of the production line;

step eight: pouring vibrating concrete, and trowelling and press polishing;

step nine: after the concrete is initially set, locking the end of the embedded tube core by using a core-pulling machine, and pulling the core to form a hollow hole (7);

step ten: covering the prefabricated staircase with a heat-insulating cover, spraying steam into the heat-insulating cover, and steaming the member obtained in the ninth step until the strength of the concrete reaches 75% of the designed strength, and finishing steaming;

step eleven: the prestressed reinforcement (9) is released and the prestressed reinforcement (9) between the die sets is cut off;

step twelve: removing the cavity die at the end of the prestressed reinforcement (9), cutting off the end of the prestressed reinforcement (9) and plugging;

step thirteen: and after complete solidification, obtaining the finished product of the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase.

7. The manufacturing method of the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase according to claim 6, characterized in that: and in the seventh step, the tensioning device is a tensioning pedestal.

8. The manufacturing method of the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase according to claim 6, characterized in that: and in the seventh step, the tensioning device is a tensioning frame.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of assembly type buildings, in particular to a prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

With the rapid advance of industrialization and urbanization in China, along with the enhancement of environmental awareness of people and the guidance of relevant national policies and regulations, the prefabricated concrete stairway is more and more commonly applied to the field of construction, and is more and more commonly popularized and applied to the prefabricated building as an important component of the prefabricated building. But the existing precast concrete stairs in the market generally have the defects of heavier self weight, smaller span, higher manufacturing cost, easy cracking and the like, and the popularization and the application of the prefabricated assembled concrete stairs are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase and a manufacturing method thereof, and solves the practical problems of heavier dead weight, smaller span, higher manufacturing cost and easy cracking of the existing prefabricated concrete staircase.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase comprises a prefabricated staircase body, wherein the prefabricated staircase body comprises a step part and a step plate part, hollow holes and hollow pipes are respectively arranged in the step part and the step plate part, the prefabricated staircase body is formed by the hollow holes and the hollow pipes, the hollow holes and the hollow pipes are crossed in hole forming direction, and the holes are formed in a double-layer overlapping state;

be provided with steel reinforcement framework in the riser portion, steel reinforcement framework includes prestressing steel and ordinary steel bar group frame, prestressing steel sets up in ordinary steel bar group frame inboard.

Preferably, the hollow pore-forming transversely sets up in the step, the hollow tube is vertically pre-buried in the stair board portion.

Preferably, the common steel bar group frame comprises transverse common steel bars, longitudinal upper-layer common steel bars and longitudinal lower-layer common steel bars.

Preferably, an anti-cracking steel wire mesh is pre-embedded in the prefabricated staircase close to the step part.

Preferably, the prefabricated staircase includes a fixed end and a lapping end, and the fixed end is provided with the pinning hole.

A manufacturing method of a prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase comprises the following steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the stair prefabricating moulds are orderly placed at the designated positions on the production line along the longitudinal direction, 1-N stair moulds are orderly placed between tensioning pedestals in a horizontal mould mode, the stair step surfaces face downwards, and openings of the stair mould back planes face upwards;

step two: laying a common reinforcing mesh in a prefabricated mould;

step three: transversely pre-embedding a core-pulling tube core to a step part in a mold, wherein one end of the tube core penetrates through a preformed hole on the side surface of the mold;

step four: binding a common steel bar group frame;

step five: laying pre-embedded hollow pipes along the long side direction to form longitudinal hollow holes;

step six: laying prestressed reinforcements through the preformed holes at the two ends of the die, and placing a hole die at the preformed holes;

step seven: tensioning the prestressed reinforcement by a pretensioning method through tensioning devices at two ends of the production line;

step eight: pouring vibrating concrete, and trowelling and press polishing;

step nine: after the concrete is initially set, locking the end of the embedded tube core by using a core-pulling machine, and pulling the core to form a hollow hole;

step ten: covering the prefabricated staircase with a heat-insulating cover, spraying steam into the heat-insulating cover, and steaming the member obtained in the ninth step until the strength of the concrete reaches 75% of the designed strength, and finishing steaming;

step eleven: releasing tension of the prestressed steel bars, and cutting off the prestressed steel bars among the die sets;

step twelve: removing the hole die of the prestressed reinforcement end, cutting off the end of the prestressed reinforcement and plugging;

step thirteen: and after complete solidification, obtaining the finished product of the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase.

Preferably, the tensioning device in the seventh step is a tensioning table base.

Preferably, the tensioning device in the seventh step is a tensioning frame.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides a prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase and a manufacturing method thereof. The method has the following beneficial effects: the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase;

(1) because the double-layer bidirectional hollow hole forming technology is adopted in the stairs, the self weight of the precast concrete stairs is reduced.

(2) Because the two-layer and two-way hollow pore-forming technology arranged up and down is adopted, the concrete is saved.

(3) Due to the adoption of the prestress technology, the span is promoted.

(4) Due to the adoption of the prestress technology, the generation of concrete cracks is controlled.

(5) Because the high-strength steel bars are adopted to replace part of common steel bars, the content of the steel bars is reduced, and the construction cost of the precast concrete stairs is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic top sectional view of the ladder board of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. prefabricated staircase, 2, stiff end, 3 round pin hole, 4, ordinary reinforcing bar net piece, 5, step, 6, vertically go up ordinary reinforcing bar, 7, hollow pore-forming, 8, hollow tube, 9, prestressing steel, 10, horizontal ordinary reinforcing bar, 11, vertical ordinary reinforcing bar down, 12, overlap joint end, 13, the riser portion.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following working principles, detailed connecting means thereof, and the following main descriptions of the working principles and processes are well known in the art, and will be referred to by those skilled in the art for the specific connection and operation sequence of the components in this application.

As can be seen from fig. 1 to 3, the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase comprises a prefabricated staircase 1, wherein the prefabricated staircase 1 comprises a step portion 5 and a step plate portion 13, hollow holes 7 and hollow pipes 8 are respectively formed in the step portion 5 and the step plate portion 13, the prefabricated staircase 1 is formed into a hollow concrete body by the hollow holes 7 and the hollow pipes 8, the hole forming directions of the hollow holes 7 and the hollow pipes 8 are crossed, and the holes are formed in a double-layer overlapping state.

In the concrete implementation process, it is worth particularly pointing out that the self weight of the stair main body 1 is reduced and the concrete is saved due to the adoption of the concrete hollow hole forming technology during prefabrication.

When the concrete is hollow to form holes, the prefabricated staircase 1 adopts an internal longitudinally embedded hollow pipe 8 to form the holes; the step 5 adopts a transverse core-pulling technology to form a hole, and a transverse non-through hole 7 is formed;

in the specific implementation process, it is worth pointing out that when the step 5 adopts the core-pulling technology to form the hole, a core-pulling machine is used to form the hole: when prefabricating, pre-burying the core-pulling core pipe into concrete, and after the concrete is initially set, extracting the core-pulling core pipe by using a core-pulling machine to form a transverse through hole 7 so that the step becomes a hollow step; because the core-pulling technology can not be used for core-pulling pore-forming in the longitudinal direction, the method of pre-embedding the hollow pipe 8 is adopted for concrete pore-forming.

A steel bar framework is arranged in the ladder plate part 13 and comprises prestressed steel bars 9 and a common steel bar group frame, and the prestressed steel bars 9 are arranged on the inner side of the common steel bar group frame;

the common steel bar group frame comprises transverse common steel bars 10, longitudinal upper-layer common steel bars 6 and longitudinal lower-layer common steel bars 11;

in the specific implementation process, it is worth pointing out that the prestressed reinforcement 9 made of high-strength reinforcement replaces part of common reinforcement, the content of reinforcement is reduced, the construction cost of the precast concrete stair is reduced, the span is improved by adopting the prestressed technology, and the generation of concrete cracks is controlled.

The prefabricated staircase 1 comprises a fixed end 2 and a lapping end 12, wherein the fixed end 2 is provided with a pin hole 3;

in the specific implementation process, it is worth pointing out that the design of the common reinforcing mesh 4 can effectively prevent the prefabricated steps from cracking and increase the strength of the steps.

The manufacturing method of the prefabricated staircase comprises the following steps:

firstly, a prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase production line is built in a factory, and the equipment mainly comprises: tensioning pedestal, prefabricated mould, core-pulling machine, steam-cured pipeline and heat-insulating cover.

The method comprises the following steps:

(1) during prefabrication, the stair prefabrication moulds are placed at specified positions on a production line in order along the longitudinal direction, 1-N stair moulds are placed between tensioning pedestals in order in a horizontal mould mode, the stair step surfaces face downwards, and openings of the stair mould back planes face upwards;

(2) laying the cut steel bar mesh 4 or the mesh cloth in a prefabricated mould according to requirements to prevent cracks from being generated after subsequent concrete pore-forming;

(3) transversely pre-embedding a core-pulling tube core to a step part 5 in a mould, wherein one end of the tube core penetrates through a preformed hole on the side surface of the mould, and the hole is formed in the subsequent step direction;

(4) binding a common steel bar group frame;

(5) laying pre-embedded hollow pipes 8 along the long side direction to form longitudinal hollow holes;

(6) laying prestressed reinforcements through the preformed holes at the two ends of the die for the prestressed reinforcements 9, and placing a hole die at the preformed holes;

(7) tensioning the prestressed reinforcement 9 by a pretensioning method through tensioning pedestals at two ends of the production line;

(8) pouring vibrating concrete, and trowelling and press polishing;

(9) after the concrete is initially set, locking the end of the embedded tube core by using a core-pulling machine, and pulling the core to form a hollow pore 7;

(10) covering the prefabricated staircase with a heat-insulating cover or tarpaulin, spraying steam into the heat-insulating cover or tarpaulin, and steaming the members until the strength of the concrete reaches 75% of the designed strength;

(11) after the steam curing is finished, the prestressed reinforcement 9 is released, and the prestressed reinforcement 9 between the die sets is cut off;

(12) removing the cavity die at the end of the prestressed reinforcement 9, cutting off the end of the prestressed reinforcement 9 and plugging;

(13) after completely solidifying, obtaining finished product prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase

When the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase is manufactured, 1-N production molds can be placed on a production platform of the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase, and when the distance between prestressed tensioning platforms is more than or equal to 25 meters, bidirectional tensioning is adopted; when the distance between the prestress tensioning bases is less than 25 meters, one end can be adopted for tensioning;

the second method comprises the following steps:

(1) before prefabrication, a high-strength prestress tensioning frame is additionally arranged on a mould,

(2) when prefabricating, adopting a horizontal die form, wherein the step surface of the die faces downwards, and the opening of the back plane faces upwards;

(2) laying the cut steel bar mesh 4 or the mesh cloth in a prefabricated mould according to requirements;

(3) transversely pre-embedding a core-pulling tube core to a step part 5 in a mould, wherein one end of the tube core penetrates through a preformed hole on the side surface of the mould, and the hole is formed in the subsequent step direction;

(4) binding a common steel bar group frame;

(5) laying pre-embedded hollow pipes 8 along the long side direction to form longitudinal hollow holes;

(6) laying prestressed reinforcements through the preformed holes at the two ends of the die for the prestressed reinforcements 9, and placing a hole die at the preformed holes;

(7) tensioning the prestressed reinforcement 9 by a pretensioning method through tensioning frames at two ends of the die;

(8) pouring vibrating concrete, and trowelling and press polishing;

(9) after the concrete is initially set, locking the end of the embedded tube core by using a core-pulling machine, and pulling the core to form a hollow pore 7;

(10) covering the prefabricated staircase with a heat-insulating cover or tarpaulin, spraying steam into the heat-insulating cover or tarpaulin, and steaming the members until the strength of the concrete reaches 75% of the designed strength;

(11) after the steam curing is finished, the prestressed reinforcement 9 is released and the prestressed reinforcement 9 between the die sets is cut off;

(12) removing the cavity die of the end of the prestressed reinforcement 9, cutting off the end of the prestressed reinforcement 9 and plugging;

(13) and after complete solidification, obtaining the finished product of the prestressed bidirectional hollow prefabricated staircase.

The two methods are as follows:

the step pore-forming adopts a core-pulling pore-forming technology;

the step plate is formed by adopting a method of pre-embedding a prefabricated hollow pipe;

the prestressed reinforcement adopts 1570mpa high-strength spiral rib steel wire.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.