阅读说明：本技术 一种基线测风的参数测量及仪器定向方法 (Parameter measurement and instrument orientation method for baseline anemometry ) 是由 昝兴海 孙宝京 张本成 魏磊 马林 刘安 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基线测风的参数测量及仪器定向方法,包括：设置两个观测点,每个观测点设置定位设备和测风经纬仪,通过每个观测点定位设备获取该观测点处的高斯空间坐标；根据高斯空间坐标计算两个观测点的高程差、基线长度和基线坐标方位角；调整两个观测点处的测风经纬仪,使其归北定向；将两个观测点的测风经纬仪分别转动至基线,对测风经纬仪进行定向；或对两个观测点的测风经纬仪的观测数据实时修正,对测风经纬仪进行定向。本发明适用于两观通视或不通视情况下的基线测风标定,能有效提高测风精度,缩短作业准备时间。(The invention relates to a parameter measurement and instrument orientation method for baseline anemometry, which comprises the following steps: setting two observation points, wherein each observation point is provided with a positioning device and a wind theodolite, and the Gaussian space coordinate of the observation point is obtained through each observation point positioning device; calculating the elevation difference, the base line length and the base line coordinate azimuth angle of the two observation points according to the Gaussian space coordinate; adjusting the wind theodolites at the two observation points to enable the wind theodolites to return to north for orientation; respectively rotating the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points to a base line, and orienting the anemometry theodolites; or correcting the observation data of the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points in real time, and orienting the anemometry theodolites. The invention is suitable for baseline anemometry calibration under two-view looking-through or non-looking-through conditions, can effectively improve anemometry precision and shorten operation preparation time.)

1. A baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

setting two observation points, wherein each observation point is provided with a positioning device and a wind theodolite, and the Gaussian space coordinate of the observation point is obtained through each observation point positioning device;

calculating the elevation difference, the base line length and the base line coordinate azimuth angle of the two observation points according to the Gaussian space coordinate;

adjusting the wind theodolites at the two observation points to enable the wind theodolites to return to north for orientation;

respectively rotating the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points to a base line, and orienting the anemometry theodolites; or

And correcting the observation data of the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points in real time, and orienting the anemometry theodolites.

2. The baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method of claim 1, wherein: the Gaussian space coordinate at the first observation point is (x)₁，y₁，z₁) The Gaussian space coordinate at the second observation point is (x)₂，y₂，z₂)。

3. The baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method of claim 1, wherein: the height difference of the two observation points is as follows:

ΔH＝z₂-z₁

where Δ H is the difference in elevation between the two observation points.

4. The baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method of claim 1, wherein: the baseline lengths of the two observation points are:

where b is the baseline length of the two observation points.

5. The baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method of claim 1, wherein: the baseline coordinate azimuth for both observations is:

where β is the baseline coordinate azimuth for both observation points.

6. The baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method of claim 1, wherein: adjusting the anemometry theodolite at the two observation points to enable the anemometry theodolite to return to north for orientation, and the method comprises the following steps:

the azimuth of the wind theodolite at the two observation points is rotated to enable the magnetic needle of the wind theodolite to return to the north, the azimuth reading of the theodolite at the two observation points is set to be 360 degrees + α by using a directional rotation screw, wherein α is the local magnetic seat declination, and has a positive sign and a negative sign, and the west declination is negative and the east declination is positive.

7. The baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method of claim 1, wherein: rotate the anemometry theodolite of two observation points respectively to the baseline, orient the anemometry theodolite, include:

rotating the azimuth of the theodolite of the first observation point clockwise so that its azimuth circle reads β, and rotating the azimuth of the theodolite of the second observation point clockwise so that its azimuth circle reads β +180 ° or β -180 °, wherein when β <180 °, the azimuth circle reads β +180 °, and when β >180 °, the azimuth circle reads β -180 °;

the azimuth of the first anemometric theodolite is set to 180 degrees by the directional turnbuckles, and the azimuth of the second anemometric theodolite is set to 0 degrees by the directional turnbuckles.

8. The baseline anemometry parameter measurement and instrument orientation method of claim 1, wherein: the observation data to the anemometry theodolite of two observation points is revised in real time, orients the anemometry theodolite, includes:

real-time coordinate azimuth β acquired by the anemometry theodolite at the first observation point₁Correction is 180+ β₁β, real-time coordinate azimuth β acquired by the anemometer theodolite at the second observation point₂Correction is 180+ β₂β, where β is the baseline coordinate azimuth of both observation points.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of meteorological detection, in particular to a parameter measurement and instrument orientation method for baseline anemometry.

Background

The baseline wind measurement is also called double-theodolite wind measurement, when in operation, a wind measurement theodolite is respectively erected at two observation points (observation point 1 and observation point 2), a meteorological balloon is released after the baseline (connecting line of the two observation points) parameters are measured and the theodolite is oriented, the two theodolites simultaneously observe the balloon, the accurate coordinates (elevation angle, azimuth angle and height) of the balloon at the specified time are obtained, and the wind direction and wind speed of each height are calculated, so that the method is the only means for the meteorological station to accurately observe the wind in the air by adopting optical equipment. In the implementation process of baseline anemometry, the acquisition of the precise coordinates of the air balloon is an important guarantee of the baseline anemometry precision. The elevation angle and the azimuth angle in the balloon coordinate can be directly measured through the anemometry theodolite, the elevation angle precision is generally ensured through the precise horizontal adjustment of an instrument, and the azimuth angle precision is ensured by directionally correcting the instrument; the balloon height is obtained by intersection positioning of two observation points, and the accuracy of the balloon height is mainly determined by the accuracy of baseline wind measurement parameters such as baseline length (horizontal distance between the two observation points) and baseline coordinate azimuth (angle from north coordinates to the baseline direction) besides the measurement accuracy of the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the observation points.

The parameter acquisition and instrument orientation method adopted by the current baseline anemometry is the coordinate system selection and data processing analysis of vector method baseline anemometry as in the document, the meteorological hydrology and marine instrument, the 1 st 2005, the cross-aiming orientation, namely, the theodolite is used for directly measuring the azimuth angle of the baseline coordinate, the length of the baseline is acquired by adopting the direct measurement or short baseline method, after the theodolite at two observation points are mutually aimed, the instrument at the observation point 1 is set to be 180 degrees, and the instrument at the observation point 2 is set to be 0 degrees. When the baseline is short, the two-view looking-through is realized, and the terrain is flat, the parameter measurement and instrument orientation method can meet the basic requirement of baseline anemometry. When the two views are far away and cannot be visualized under the influence of topographic conditions such as mountains, forests and the like, the two views can only be measured and calculated by a short base line and the instrument is roughly aimed and oriented, so that the precision of parameter measurement and instrument orientation is greatly reduced, and the operation preparation time is greatly prolonged.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a parameter measurement and instrument orientation method for baseline anemometry, which solves the problems that the parameter measurement is inconvenient and the instrument orientation precision cannot be ensured when two views of the baseline anemometry are not visible.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:

the invention provides a parameter measurement and instrument orientation method for baseline anemometry, which comprises the following steps:

setting two observation points, wherein each observation point is provided with a positioning device and a wind theodolite, and the Gaussian space coordinate of the observation point is obtained through each observation point positioning device;

calculating the elevation difference, the base line length and the base line coordinate azimuth angle of the two observation points according to the Gaussian space coordinate;

adjusting the wind theodolites at the two observation points to enable the wind theodolites to return to north for orientation;

respectively rotating the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points to a base line, and orienting the anemometry theodolites; or

And correcting the observation data of the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points in real time, and orienting the anemometry theodolites.

Further, the gaussian space coordinate at the first observation point is (x)₁，y₁，z₁) The Gaussian space coordinate at the second observation point is (x)₂，y₂，z₂)。

Further, the height difference between the two observation points is:

ΔH＝z₂-z₁

where Δ H is the difference in elevation between the two observation points.

Further, the baseline lengths of the two observation points are:

where b is the baseline length of the two observation points.

Further, the baseline coordinate azimuth angles of the two observation points are:

where β is the baseline coordinate azimuth for both observation points.

Further, adjusting the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points to enable the theodolites to return to north orientation comprises:

the azimuth of the wind theodolite at the two observation points is rotated to enable the magnetic needle of the wind theodolite to return to the north, the azimuth reading of the theodolite at the two observation points is set to be 360 degrees + α by using a directional rotation screw, wherein α is the local magnetic seat declination, and has a positive sign and a negative sign, and the west declination is negative and the east declination is positive.

Further, rotate the anemometry theodolite of two observation points to the baseline respectively, orient the anemometry theodolite, include:

rotating the azimuth of the theodolite of the first observation point clockwise so that its azimuth circle reads β, and rotating the azimuth of the theodolite of the second observation point clockwise so that its azimuth circle reads β +180 ° or β -180 °, wherein when β <180 °, the azimuth circle reads β +180 °, and when β >180 °, the azimuth circle reads β -180 °;

the azimuth of the first anemometric theodolite is set to 180 degrees by the directional turnbuckles, and the azimuth of the second anemometric theodolite is set to 0 degrees by the directional turnbuckles.

Further, the real-time correction of the observation data of the anemometry theodolite at the two observation points to orient the anemometry theodolite includes:

real-time coordinate azimuth β acquired by the anemometry theodolite at the first observation point₁Correction is 180+ β₁β, real-time coordinate azimuth β acquired by the anemometer theodolite at the second observation point₂Correction is 180+ β₂β, where β is the baseline coordinate azimuth of both observation points.

The method can realize the accurate calculation of the parameters of the baseline anemometry and the accurate orientation of the instrument under the two-view looking-through or non-looking-through condition, and the method only needs to use the positioning equipment (recommending and using a Beidou positioning terminal) to obtain the Gaussian coordinates of the two observation points, so that the calculation is accurate and the operation is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the instrument orientation based on baseline anemometry of the present invention;

the system comprises a first observation point anemometry theodolite, a second observation point anemometry theodolite, a first observation point positioning device, a second observation point positioning device and a portable processing terminal, wherein the first observation point anemometry theodolite is 1, the second observation point anemometry theodolite is 2, the first observation point positioning device is 3, the second observation point positioning device is 4, and the portable processing terminal is 5.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as modified in the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

A method flow diagram is shown in fig. 1.

The method comprises the following steps:

s101, two observation points are set, each observation point is provided with a positioning device and a wind theodolite, and the Gaussian space coordinates of the observation point are obtained through the positioning device of each observation point.

The selection of the observation point position should meet the requirement of a baseline wind measuring operation mode, the connection line of the two observation points, namely the baseline direction should be approximately vertical to the wind direction near the ground, and the distance should be greater than 2/5 of the maximum detection height.

The positioning equipment can be military Beidou positioning terminals or GPS positioning equipment with higher precision.

The Gaussian space coordinate at the first observation point is (x)₁，y₁，z₁) The Gaussian space coordinate at the second observation point is (x)₂，y₂，z₂)。

And S102, calculating the elevation difference, the base length and the base coordinate azimuth angle of the two observation points according to the Gaussian space coordinate.

The difference in elevation between the two observation points is: Δ H ═ z₂-z₁

Where Δ H is the difference in elevation between the two observation points.

The baseline lengths of the two observation points are:

where b is the baseline length of the two observation points.

The baseline coordinate azimuth for both observations is:

where β is the baseline coordinate azimuth for both observation points.

The method calculates the baseline parameters, can ensure that errors are concentrated on the positioning accuracy of two observation points while meeting the measurement accuracy of the baseline parameters, and effectively avoids error transmission caused by measurement of multiple parameters such as height, angle, length and the like.

S103, adjusting the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points to enable the anemometry theodolites to return to north for orientation, and executing the step S104 or S105.

The azimuth of the wind theodolite at the two observation points is rotated to enable the magnetic needle of the wind theodolite to return to the north, the azimuth reading of the theodolite at the two observation points is set to be 360 degrees + α by using a directional rotation screw, wherein α is the local magnetic seat declination, and has a positive sign and a negative sign, and the west declination is negative and the east declination is positive.

The cross-aiming method used for the current instrument orientation requires that the anemometry theodolite at two observation points must be capable of looking through and realizing the objective cross-aiming. In addition, the north-return orientation method S103 is adopted to orient the instrument, and the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points only need to independently complete the orientation of the instrument, so that the cooperative error at the two observation points is reduced, the observation operation can be ensured to be carried out under the condition that the two observations cannot be seen through, and the adverse effect of complex landform is avoided.

And S104, respectively rotating the anemometry theodolites at the two observation points to the base line, and orienting the anemometry theodolites.

Rotating the azimuth of the theodolite of the first observation point clockwise so that its azimuth circle reads β, and rotating the azimuth of the theodolite of the second observation point clockwise so that its azimuth circle reads β +180 ° or β -180 °, wherein when β <180 °, the azimuth circle reads β +180 °, and when β >180 °, the azimuth circle reads β -180 °;

the azimuth of the first anemometric theodolite is set to 180 degrees by the directional turnbuckles, and the azimuth of the second anemometric theodolite is set to 0 degrees by the directional turnbuckles.

By adopting the steps to carry out orientation, the objective lenses of the anemometry theodolite at the two observation points can be respectively aimed to the base line without looking through on the basis of acquiring the azimuth angle of the base line coordinate through S102 and carrying out north-returning orientation through S103, namely, the objective lenses are in a mutual aiming state. Orientation is carried out on the basis, and good consistency can be kept with the current baseline wind measuring data processing mode.

And S105, correcting the observation data of the anemometry theodolite at the two observation points in real time, and orienting the anemometry theodolite.

Real-time coordinate azimuth β acquired by the anemometry theodolite at the first observation point₁Correction is 180+ β₁β, real-time coordinate azimuth angle obtained by the anemometer theodolite at the second observation pointβ₂Correction is 180+ β₂β, where β is the baseline coordinate azimuth of both observation points.

The steps are adopted for orientation, the steps of mutual aiming orientation and a wind measuring data processing mode can be effectively avoided, the operation flow is simplified, and the acquired real-time coordinate azimuth angle needs to be corrected according to the method.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of instrument orientation based on baseline anemometry.

In one embodiment, two observation point gaussian space coordinates are obtained. The Gaussian space coordinates (x) of the positions of the first observation point anemometric theodolite 1 and the second observation point anemometric theodolite 2 are respectively obtained through the first observation point positioning device 3 and the second observation point positioning device 4₁，y₁，z₁)、(x₂，y₂，z₂) And the second observation point communication equipment (recommending the short message communication function using the Beidou module) transmits Gaussian space coordinates (x) of the second observation point₂，y₂，z₂) The information is transmitted to the first observation point communication equipment and is collected to the portable processing terminal 5.

And calculating the difference between the heights of the two observation points. The calculation formula of the height difference delta H between the two observation points is as follows:

ΔH＝z₂-z₁

the baseline length is calculated. The base length b is calculated by the formula:

baseline coordinate azimuth β is calculated as:

the theodolites at two observation points are turned to make their magnetic needles accurately return to the north, and the orientation readings of the theodolites at two observation points are set to 360+ α (α is the angle of local magnetic seat deviation with positive and negative signs, west deviation is negative and east deviation is positive).

The two observation point theodolites rotate to the base line respectively, the azimuth of the first observation point wind theodolite 1 is rotated clockwise until the reading of an azimuth dial is β, the azimuth of the second observation point wind theodolite 2 is rotated clockwise until the reading of the azimuth dial is β +180(β <180) or β -180(β >180), the first observation point wind theodolite orientation rotating screw is rotated, the azimuth dial is fixed at 180 degrees, the second observation point wind theodolite orientation rotating screw is rotated, and the azimuth dial is fixed at 0 degree.

In another embodiment:

and acquiring Gaussian space coordinates of the two observation points. The Gaussian space coordinates (x) of the positions of the first observation point anemometric theodolite 1 and the second observation point anemometric theodolite 2 are respectively obtained through the first observation point positioning device 3 and the second observation point positioning device 4₁，y₁，z₁)、(x₂，y₂，z₂) And the second observation point communication equipment (recommending the short message communication function using the Beidou module) transmits Gaussian space coordinates (x) of the second observation point₂，y₂，z₂) The information is transmitted to the first observation point communication equipment and is collected to the portable processing terminal 5.

And calculating the difference between the heights of the two observation points. The calculation formula of the height difference delta H between the two observation points is as follows:

ΔH＝z₂-z₁

the baseline length is calculated. The base length b is calculated by the formula:

baseline coordinate azimuth β is calculated as:

the theodolites at two observation points are turned to make their magnetic needles accurately return to the north, and the orientation readings of the theodolites at two observation points are set to 360+ α (α is the angle of local magnetic seat deviation with positive and negative signs, west deviation is negative and east deviation is positive).

The portable processing terminal 5 corrects the two-view observation data in real time in the process of anemometry implementation, and the azimuth β observed by the anemometry theodolite 1 at the first observation point₁Correction is 180+ β₁β, azimuth angle β observed by the theodolite 2 of the second observation point₂Correction is 180+ β₂-β。