阅读说明：本技术 小外形成像透镜系统 (Small-profile imaging lens system ) 是由 姚宇宏 篠原义和 廖凌嶢 于 2018-05-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本文描述了可用于小外形相机中的紧凑型透镜系统。透镜系统可包括具有屈光力的七个透镜元件,并且当与其他紧凑型透镜系统相比时,可提供具有宽视场的低光圈数,同时保持或改善成像质量和封装尺寸。透镜系统可例如提供1.85或更小的焦比,其具有在75度或更大的全视场。透镜系统可符合紧凑性标准TTL/ImageH<1.7,其中TTL为透镜系统的总光程长度,并且ImageH为光电传感器处的像平面的半对角线像高。可选择透镜系统参数和关系以至少部分地减少、补偿或矫正光学像差和透镜伪影以及视场效应。(Compact lens systems that may be used in small form factor cameras are described herein. The lens system may include seven lens elements having optical power and may provide a low f-number with a wide field of view while maintaining or improving imaging quality and package size when compared to other compact lens systems. The lens system may, for example, provide a focal ratio of 1.85 or less, with a full field of view at 75 degrees or more. The lens system may conform to a compactness standard TTL/ImageH <1.7, where TTL is the total optical path length of the lens system and ImageH is the half-diagonal image height of the image plane at the photosensor. The lens system parameters and relationships may be selected to at least partially reduce, compensate or correct for optical aberrations and lens artifacts, as well as field of view effects.)

1. A lens system, the lens system comprising:

a plurality of refractive lens elements arranged along an optical axis of the lens system, wherein the plurality of lens elements comprises, in order from an object side to an image side along the optical axis:

a first lens element having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element having optical power;

a third lens element having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element having a positive refractive power;

a fifth lens element having optical power;

a sixth lens element having a positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element having optical power;

wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

TTL/ImageH<1.7，

wherein TTL is the total optical path length of the lens system, and ImageH is the half-diagonal image height at the image plane of the lens system.

2. The lens system of claim 1, wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

0.6<(f_{system for controlling a power supply}/f12)<1.4，

Wherein f is_{System for controlling a power supply}Is the effective focal length of the lens system, and f12 is the composite focal length of the first and second lens elements.

3. The lens system of claim 1, wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

0.55<|f_{system for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}/f5|<1.15，

Wherein f is_{System for controlling a power supply}F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens element, and f5 is the effective focal length of the fifth lens element, for the effective focal length of the lens system.

4. The lens system of claim 1, wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

(R9+R10)/(R9-R10)<-2，

wherein R9 is a radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the fifth lens element, and R10 is a radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the fifth lens element.

5. The lens system of claim 1, wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

0.8<(Vd1+Vd3)/Vd2<3，

wherein Vd1, Vd2, and Vd3 are the Abbe numbers of the first lens element, the second lens element, and the third lens element, respectively.

6. The lens system of claim 1, wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

Vd6>45

wherein Vd6 is the abbe number of the sixth lens element.

7. The lens system of claim 1, wherein the third lens element has a concave image-side surface in a paraxial region.

8. The lens system of claim 1 wherein the fifth lens element has a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface.

9. The lens system of claim 1, wherein an object side surface and an image side surface of the sixth lens element are aspheric, wherein the sixth lens element has a convex object side surface in a paraxial region, and wherein the object side surface of the sixth lens element has at least one portion that is concave in a peripheral region.

10. The lens system of claim 1, wherein an object side surface and an image side surface of the seventh lens element are aspheric, wherein the seventh lens element has a concave image side surface in a paraxial region, wherein the object side surface of the seventh lens element has at least one portion that is concave in a peripheral region, and wherein the image side surface of the seventh lens element has at least one portion that is convex in a peripheral region.

11. The lens system of claim 1, wherein the lens system further comprises an aperture stop located between a forward vertex of the lens system and the second lens element.

12. The lens system of claim 11, wherein the lens system further comprises at least one auxiliary stop between the first lens element and the fifth lens element.

13. The lens system of claim 1, wherein an effective focal length f of the lens system is in a range of 3.4mm to 5mm, an f-number of the lens system is in a range of 1.6 to 1.85, and a full field of view of the lens system is in a range of 75 degrees to 94 degrees.

14. The lens system of claim 1 wherein the lens system has a TTL of less than 6.8 mm.

15. A camera, the camera comprising:

a photosensor configured to capture light projected onto a surface of the photosensor; and

a lens system configured to refract light from an object field located in front of the camera to form an image of a scene at an image plane at or near the surface of the photosensor, wherein the lens system comprises seven refractive lens elements arranged sequentially along an optical axis from a first lens element on an object side of the camera to a seventh lens element on an image side of the camera, wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

TTL/ImageH<1.7，

wherein TTL is the total optical path length of the lens system, and ImageH is the half diagonal image height at the image plane.

16. The camera of claim 15, wherein the lens system satisfies one or more of the following relationships:

0.6<(f_{system for controlling a power supply}/f12)<1.4，

0.55<|f_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}/f5|<1.15，

(R9+R10)/(R9-R10)<-2，

0.8< (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2<3, and

Vd6>45,

wherein f is_{System for controlling a power supply}At an effective focal length of the lens system, f12 is a composite focal length of the first lens element and the second lens element, f3 is an effective focal length of the third lens element, f5 is an effective focal length of the fifth lens element, R9 is a radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the fifth lens element, R10 is a radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the fifth lens element, and Vd1, Vd2, Vd3, and Vd6 are abbe numbers of the first lens element, the second lens element, the third lens element, and the sixth lens element, respectively.

17. The camera of claim 15, wherein an effective focal length f of the lens system is in a range of 3.4mm to 5mm, an f-number of the lens system is in a range of 1.6 to 1.85, and a full field of view of the lens system is in a range of 75 degrees to 94 degrees.

18. The camera of claim 15, wherein the lens system has a TTL less than 6.8 mm.

19. An apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

one or more processors;

one or more cameras; and

a memory comprising program instructions executable by at least one of the one or more processors to control operation of the one or more cameras;

wherein at least one of the one or more cameras is a camera comprising:

a photosensor configured to capture light projected onto a surface of the photosensor; and

a lens system configured to refract light from an object field located in front of the camera to form an image of a scene at an image plane at or near the surface of the photosensor, wherein the lens system comprises seven refractive lens elements arranged sequentially along an optical axis from a first lens element on an object side of the camera to a sixth lens element on an image side of the camera, wherein the lens system satisfies the following relationship:

TTL/ImageH<1.7，

wherein TTL is the total optical path length of the lens system, and ImageH is the half diagonal image height at the image plane.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the effective focal length f of the lens system is in the range of 3.4mm to 5mm, the f-number of the lens system is in the range of 1.6 to 1.85, the full field of view of the lens system is in the range of 75 degrees to 94 degrees, and the TTL of the lens system is less than 6.8 mm.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates generally to camera systems and, more particularly, to high resolution, low profile camera systems and lens systems.

Background

The advent of small multi-purpose mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets or tablet devices has resulted in a need for high resolution small profile cameras that are lightweight, compact and capable of capturing high resolution high quality images with low f-number for integration into the devices. However, due to limitations of conventional camera technology, conventional miniature cameras used in such devices tend to capture images at lower resolutions and/or lower image qualities than can be achieved with larger, higher quality cameras. Achieving higher resolution using small package size cameras typically requires the use of photosensors with small pixel sizes and better compact imaging lens systems. Technological advances have enabled a reduction in the pixel size of photosensors. However, as photosensors become more compact and powerful, the demand for compact imaging lens systems with improved imaging quality performance has increased. Furthermore, there is an increasing desire for small profile cameras to be equipped with higher pixel counts and/or larger pixel size image sensors (one or both of which may require larger image sensors) while still maintaining a module height that is compact enough to fit into a portable electronic device. Accordingly, a challenge from the design of optical systems is to provide an imaging lens system that is capable of capturing high brightness high resolution images under the physical constraints imposed by small outline cameras.

Disclosure of Invention

Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a compact imaging lens system that includes seven lens elements that may be used in a camera and provide a low f-number (< ═ 2.1), (e.g., 75 degrees or greater) wide field of view and a short overall optical path length (e.g., 6.8mm or less), which allows the camera to be implemented with a small package size while still capturing sharp high resolution images, making embodiments of the camera suitable for use with small and/or multi-purpose mobile devices. Embodiments of the lens system include seven lens elements having optical power arranged along the optical axis from the first lens element on the object side to the seventh lens element on the image side. In an embodiment, the first lens element has a positive optical power, the third lens element has a negative optical power, the fourth lens element has a positive optical power, and the sixth lens element has a positive optical power. In various embodiments, the second, fifth and seventh lens elements may have a positive or negative optical power. Lens system parameters and relationships including, but not limited to, power profile, lens shape, thickness, aperture position, geometry, position, material, spacing, and surface shape of certain lens elements may be selected to at least partially reduce, compensate, or correct for optical aberrations and lens artifacts, as well as field of view effects.

In some embodiments, the lens system may include an aperture stop located between the object side of the optical system and the third lens element for controlling the brightness of the optical system. In some embodiments, the aperture stop may be located at the first lens element at or behind the anterior apex of the lens system. In some embodiments, the aperture stop may be located opposite between the first lens element and the second lens element. In some embodiments, the lens system can further include one or more internal or auxiliary stops, such as an auxiliary stop located at the object-side surface of the fourth lens element, or two auxiliary stops, one at the image-side surface of the second lens element and one at the image-side surface of the fourth lens element. For example, one or more auxiliary apertures may assist in aberration control at low f-number and wide FOV conditions by cutting off a percentage of the off-axis bundle of rays. In some implementations, the lens system can also include an Infrared (IR) filter that reduces or eliminates interference of ambient noise on the photosensor. The IR filter may be located, for example, between the seventh lens element and the photosensor.

In some implementations, the lens system can satisfy one or more of the following relationships:

0.6<(f_{system for controlling a power supply}/f12)<1.4

0.55<|f_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}/f5|<1.15

(R9+R10)/(R9-R10)<-2

0.8<(Vd1+Vd3)/Vd2<3

Vd6>45

Wherein f is_{System for controlling a power supply}In order to an effective focal length of the lens system, f12 is a composite focal length of the first lens element and the second lens element, f3 is an effective focal length of the third lens element, f5 is an effective focal length of the fifth lens element, R9 is a radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the fifth lens element, R10 is a radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the fifth lens element, and Vd1, Vd2, Vd3, and Vd6 are abbe numbers of the first lens element, the second lens element, the third lens element, and the sixth lens element, respectively.

In some embodiments, the lens system may satisfy the compactness criteria defined in the following relationship:

TTL/ImageH<1.7

where TTL is the total optical path length of the lens system when focused at infinity, and where ImageH is the half-diagonal image height at the image plane at the photosensor.

Drawings

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional illustration of a first embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

FIG. 1B is a graph showing the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system shown in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 1C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system shown in FIG. 1A.

Fig. 2A is a cross-sectional illustration of a second embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

Fig. 2B is a graph showing the MTF of the lens system shown in fig. 2A.

Fig. 2C shows the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system as shown in fig. 2A.

Fig. 3A is a cross-sectional illustration of a third embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

Fig. 3B is a graph showing the MTF of the lens system shown in fig. 3A.

Fig. 3C shows the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system as shown in fig. 3A.

Fig. 4A is a cross-sectional illustration of a fourth embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

Fig. 4B is a graph showing the MTF of the lens system shown in fig. 4A.

Fig. 4C shows the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system as shown in fig. 4A.

Fig. 5A is a cross-sectional illustration of a fifth embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

Fig. 5B is a graph showing the MTF of the lens system shown in fig. 5A.

Fig. 5C shows the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system as shown in fig. 5A.

Fig. 6A is a cross-sectional illustration of a sixth embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

Fig. 6B is a graph showing the MTF of the lens system shown in fig. 6A.

Fig. 6C shows the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system as shown in fig. 6A.

Fig. 7A is a cross-sectional illustration of a seventh embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

Fig. 7B is a graph showing the MTF of the lens system shown in fig. 7A.

Fig. 7C shows the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system as shown in fig. 7A.

Fig. 8A is a cross-sectional illustration of an eighth embodiment of a lens system comprising seven lens elements.

Fig. 8B is a graph showing the MTF of the lens system shown in fig. 8A.

Fig. 8C shows the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the lens system as shown in fig. 8A.

Fig. 9 is a flow diagram of a method of capturing images using a camera as shown in fig. 1A-8C, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary computer system that may be used in embodiments.

This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment". The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. The particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with the present disclosure.

"include". The term is open ended. As used in the appended claims, the term does not exclude additional structures or steps. Consider the claims referring to: "an apparatus comprising one or more processor units. Such claims do not exclude the apparatus comprising additional components (e.g. network interface units, graphics circuits, etc.).

"configured to". Various units, circuits, or other components may be described or recited as being "configured to" perform a task or tasks. In such context, "configured to" is used to connote structure by indicating that the units/circuits/components include structure (e.g., circuitry) that performs such task or tasks during operation. As such, the cells/circuits/components can be said to be configured to perform this task even when the specified cell/circuit/component is not currently operational (e.g., not turned on). The units/circuits/components used with the "configured to" language include hardware-e.g., circuitry, memory storing program instructions executable to perform operations, and so on. Reference to a unit/circuit/component "being configured to" perform one or more tasks is expressly intended to not refer to the sixth paragraph of 35u.s.c. § 112 for that unit/circuit/component. Further, "configured to" may include a general-purpose structure (e.g., a general-purpose circuit) that is manipulated by software and/or firmware (e.g., an FPGA or a general-purpose processor executing software) to operate in a manner that is capable of performing one or more tasks to be solved. "configured to" may also include adjusting a manufacturing process (e.g., a semiconductor fabrication facility) to manufacture a device (e.g., an integrated circuit) suitable for performing or carrying out one or more tasks.

"first", "second", etc. As used herein, these terms serve as labels to the nouns preceding them, and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). For example, the buffer circuit may be described herein as performing a write operation of a "first" value and a "second" value. The terms "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply that the first value must be written before the second value.

"based on". As used herein, the term is used to describe one or more factors that affect the determination. The term does not exclude additional factors that influence the determination. That is, the determination may be based solely on these factors or at least partially on these factors. Consider the phrase "determine a based on B. In this case, B is a factor that affects the determination of a, and such phrases do not exclude that the determination of a may also be based on C. In other examples, a may be determined based on B alone.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of a small outline camera including a photosensor and a compact lens system are described. Embodiments of a compact lens system including seven lens elements are described that can be used in a camera and provide low f-number (< ═ 2.1), (e.g., 75 degrees or more) wide field of view and short overall optical path length (e.g., 6.8mm or less), which allows the camera to be implemented in small package sizes while still capturing sharp high resolution images, making embodiments of the camera suitable for use with small and/or multi-purpose mobile devices, such as mobile phones, smart phones, tablet computing devices, laptop computers, netbooks, notebook computers, small notebook computers, and super notebook computers. It is noted, however, that various aspects of the camera (e.g., the lens system and the photosensor) may be scaled up or down to provide a camera having a larger or smaller package size than those described above. Further, embodiments of the camera system may be implemented as a standalone digital camera. In addition to still (single frame capture) camera applications, embodiments of the camera system may be suitable for use in video camera applications.

Embodiments of the lens system can be used in small profile cameras to capture high brightness high resolution images. An embodiment of the lens system includes seven lens elements having optical power. Lens system parameters and relationships including, but not limited to, power profile, lens shape, thickness, aperture position, geometry, position, material, spacing, and surface shape of certain lens elements may be selected to at least partially reduce, compensate, or correct for optical aberrations and lens artifacts, as well as field of view effects, including, but not limited to, one or more of: vignetting, chromatic aberration, field curvature or petzval sum, and lens halo.

Fig. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A and 8A show several exemplary embodiments of lens systems comprising seven refractive lens elements. Exemplary embodiments can provide an f-number (focal ratio) of 1.85 or less, with a focal length (f) of 5.0mm or less and a total optical path length (TTL) of less than 6.8mm (assuming a half-diagonal image height of 4.0). It is noted, however, that these examples are not intended to be limiting, and that there may be variations in the various parameters given for the lens system while still obtaining similar results.

The refractive lens elements in embodiments of the lens system may for example be composed of a plastic material. In some embodiments, the refractive lens element may be constructed of an injection molded plastic material. However, other transparent materials (e.g., glass) may be used. It is also noted that in a given embodiment, different ones of the lens elements may be composed of materials having different optical properties (e.g., different abbe numbers and/or different refractive indices). Coefficient of dispersion V_dCan be defined by the following equation:

V_d＝(N_d-1)/(N_F–N_C)，

wherein N is_FAnd N_CThe refractive index values of the material at the F and C lines of hydrogen, respectively.

In fig. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, and 8A, an exemplary camera includes at least a compact lens system and a photosensor. The photosensor may be an Integrated Circuit (IC) technology chip or a chip implemented according to various types of photosensor technologies. Examples of photosensor technologies that can be used are Charge Coupled Device (CCD) technology and Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In some implementations, the pixel size of the photosensor can be 1.2 microns or less, although larger pixel sizes can also be used. In a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the photosensor can be fabricated according to the 1280 x 720 pixel image format to capture a 1 megapixel image. However, other pixel formats may be used for implementations, such as 5 megapixel, 10 megapixel, or larger or smaller formats. In an exemplary embodiment, an exemplary photosensor having a full diagonal dimension of 8mm (half diagonal 4mm) may be used; however, larger or smaller photosensors may be used, with the lens system appropriately sized.

The lens system may further include an aperture stop located between the object side of the optical system and the third lens element for controlling the brightness of the optical system. In some embodiments, the aperture stop may be located at the first lens element at or behind the anterior apex of the lens system. In some embodiments, the aperture stop may be located opposite between the first lens element and the second lens element. In some embodiments, the lens system can further include one or more auxiliary stops, e.g., an auxiliary stop located at the object-side surface of the fourth lens element, or two auxiliary stops, one at the image-side surface of the second lens element and one at the image-side surface of the fourth lens element. For example, one or more auxiliary apertures may assist in aberration control at low f-number and wide FOV conditions by cutting off a percentage of the off-axis bundle of rays.

The camera may also, but need not, include an Infrared (IR) filter, for example, between the last or seventh lens element of the lens system and the photosensor. The IR filter may for example be made of a glass material. However, other materials may be used. In some implementations, the IR filter has no optical power and does not affect the effective focal length f of the lens system. In some implementations, instead of an IR filter as shown in the figures, a coating may be used on one or more of the lens elements, or other methods may be used to provide IR filtering. It is further noted that the camera may include other components in addition to those shown and described herein.

In a camera, the lens system forms an image at an Image Plane (IP) at or near the photosensor surface. The image size of distant objects is proportional to the effective focal length f of the lens system. The total optical path length (TTL) of the lens system is the distance between the front vertex at the object-side surface of the first (object-side) lens element on the optical Axis (AX) and the image plane. The ratio of the total optical path length to the focal length (TTL/f) is called a telephoto ratio. To be classified as a telephoto lens system, TTL/f is less than or equal to 1. For a non-telephoto lens system, the telephoto ratio is greater than 1.

In non-limiting exemplary embodiments, the lens system may be configured such that the effective focal length f of the lens system is in the range of 3.4mm to 5mm, and the low aperture is in the range of 1.6 or 1.85. For example, the lens system may be configured as shown in the examples to meet specified optical constraints, imaging constraints, and/or packaging constraints for a particular camera system application. Note that the f-number, also referred to as the focal ratio or f/# is defined by f/D, where D is the diameter of the entrance pupil, i.e. the effective aperture. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1A, an f-number of 1.7 is obtained at 4.996mm, with an effective aperture of 2.94 mm. Exemplary embodiments may, for example, be configured to have a full field of view (FOV) in the range of 75 degrees to 94 degrees. In some implementations, a photosensor with a full diagonal dimension of 8mm (half diagonal 4mm) can be used. The lens system may satisfy the compactness criteria defined in the following relationship:

TTL/ImageH<1.7

where TTL is the total optical path length of the lens system when focused at infinity, and where ImageH is the half-diagonal image height at the image plane at the photosensor. Thus, given a half diagonal image height of 4mm, the TTL of the exemplary embodiment may be less than 6.8 mm. The telephoto ratio (TTL/f) of the exemplary embodiment, where the effective focal length f is about 5.0 and the TTL is about 6.5, is thus at or about 1.3.

It is noted, however, that in different embodiments, the focal length f, f-number, TTL, photosensor size, and/or other lens system parameters and camera parameters may vary and may be scaled or adjusted to meet various specifications of optical limitations, imaging limitations, and/or packaging limitations of other camera system applications. Limitations on the camera system that may be specified as requirements of a particular camera system application and/or may vary for different camera system applications include, but are not limited to, focal length f, effective aperture, TTL, aperture stop position, f-number, field of view (FOV), telephoto ratio, photosensor size, imaging performance requirements, and packaging volume or size limitations.

In some embodiments, the lens system may be adjustable. For example, in some embodiments, a lens system as described herein may be equipped with an adjustable iris (entrance pupil) or aperture stop. By using an adjustable aperture stop, the f-number (focal ratio or f/#) can be dynamically varied over a certain range. For example, if the lens is well corrected at f/1.7, the focal ratio can be varied in the range of 1.4 to 8 (or higher) at a given focal length f and FOV by adjusting the aperture stop, assuming that the aperture stop can be adjusted to the desired f-number setting. In some embodiments, the lens system can be used at a faster focal ratio (<1.7) by adjusting the aperture stop at the same FOV (e.g., 81 degrees), where imaging quality performance may be degraded or better performance at smaller FOVs.

Although ranges of values may be given herein as examples of adjustable cameras and lens systems in which one or more optical parameters may be dynamically varied (e.g., using an adjustable aperture stop), embodiments of camera systems including fixed (non-adjustable) lens systems in which values of optical and other parameters are within these ranges may be implemented.

Referring to the exemplary embodiments shown in fig. 1A, fig. 2A, fig. 3A, fig. 4A, fig. 5A, fig. 6A, fig. 7A, and fig. 8A, an exemplary camera includes at least a compact lens system and a photosensor. The camera may comprise an aperture stop, for example at the first lens element and at or behind the front vertex of the lens system as shown in fig. 1A, for controlling the brightness of the optical system. In some embodiments, instead, the aperture stop may be located between the first lens element and the second lens element, for example as shown in fig. 2A. In some embodiments, the camera may also include one or more auxiliary apertures, such as two auxiliary apertures as shown in fig. 1A or a single auxiliary aperture as shown in fig. 2A. The camera may also include, but does not necessarily include, for example, an Infrared (IR) filter located between the lens system and the photosensor. The IR filter may be used to reduce or eliminate interference from ambient noise on the photosensor and/or block infrared radiation that may damage or adversely affect the photosensor, and may be configured to have no effect on f.

In an embodiment, the lens system may include seven lens elements having optical power and an effective focal length f, arranged in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis AX:

a first lens element L1 having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element L2;

a third lens element L3 having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element L4 having a positive refractive power;

a fifth lens element L5;

a sixth lens element L6 having a positive refractive power; and

seventh lens element L7.

In various embodiments, the second, fifth and seventh lens elements may have a positive or negative optical power.

In some embodiments, the third lens element has a concave image-side surface in the paraxial region.

In some embodiments, the fifth lens element has a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface.

In some embodiments, the sixth lens element has a convex object-side surface in the paraxial region. In some embodiments, the object side surface and the image side surface of the sixth lens element are both aspheric. In some embodiments, the object side surface has at least one portion that is concave in the vicinity of the peripheral region.

In some embodiments, the seventh lens element has a concave image-side surface in the paraxial region. In some embodiments, the object side surface and the image side surface of the seventh lens element are both aspheric. In some embodiments, the object-side surface has at least a portion that is concave near the peripheral region, and the image-side surface has at least a portion that is convex near the peripheral region.

In some implementations, the lens system can satisfy one or more of the following relationships:

0.6<(f_{system for controlling a power supply}/f12)<1.4

0.55<|f_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}/f5|<1.15

(R9+R10)/(R9-R10)<-2

0.8<(Vd1+Vd3)/Vd2<3

Vd6>45

Wherein f is_{System for controlling a power supply}In order to an effective focal length of the lens system, f12 is a composite focal length of the first lens element and the second lens element, f3 is an effective focal length of the third lens element, f5 is an effective focal length of the fifth lens element, R9 is a radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the fifth lens element, R10 is a radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the fifth lens element, and Vd1, Vd2, Vd3, and Vd6 are abbe numbers of the first lens element, the second lens element, the third lens element, and the sixth lens element, respectively.

Embodiments of the lens system can be implemented to be compact for use in small form factor cameras for consumer electronics such as smart phones and tablet devices. The criterion for compactness of the lens system can be defined in the following relation:

TTL/ImageH<1.7

where ImageH is the half diagonal image height on the image plane of the photosensor. Thus, in the exemplary lens system as defined in the table, assuming that a photosensor having a half-diagonal image height of 4mm is used, the total optical path length (TTL) is less than 6.8 mm. Thus satisfying the relationship of the exemplary embodiment (6.8mm/4mm ═ 1.7) (TTL/ImageH < 1.7). Note that this standard for compactness allows for a proportionally longer TTL when larger photosensors are used and a proportionally shorter TTL when smaller photosensors are used. For example, the TTL for a lens system of a photosensor having an ImageH of about 3mm will be less than 5.1mm, and the TTL for a lens system of a photosensor having an ImageH of about 5mm will be less than 8.5 mm.

In an exemplary embodiment, the lens may be formed of various optical materials having an abbe number; the materials and optical power configurations of lens L1 through lens L7 may be selected to reduce chromatic aberration, for example.

Lens system 110

Fig. 1A illustrates an exemplary camera 100 having a lens system 110 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 1A through 1F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of the camera 100 and lens system 110. The lens system 110 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis AX:

a first lens element 101 having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element 102 having a negative refractive power;

a third lens element 103 having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element 104 having positive refractive power;

a fifth lens element 105 having optical power;

a sixth lens element 106 having a positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element 107 having optical power.

As shown in fig. 1A, the lens system 110 may include an aperture stop 130 at or near the object-side surface of the lens 101 and two internal stops other than the aperture stop 130 (an auxiliary stop 132A at the image-side surface of the lens 102 and an auxiliary stop 132B at the image-side surface of the lens 104). Lens system 110 may be designed to compensate for losses in illumination and possible vignetting that may be produced by internal stop 132. The camera 100 may include an IR filter between the lens element 107 and the photosensor 120.

Lens system 110 may have an effective focal length f of 4.996, an f-number of 1.7, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 76.7 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for the lens system 110 is 1.57. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 110 is about 6.28 mm. The relationship (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 of the lens system 110 is 2.804. Vd6 of lens system 110 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 110_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 0.707. Relationship | f of lens system 110_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5 is 0.871. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) of the lens system 110 is-4.876.

Fig. 1B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system 110 shown in fig. 1A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 1B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 1C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of the lens system 110 as shown in fig. 1A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 1C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Lens system 210

Fig. 2A illustrates an exemplary camera 200 having a lens system 210 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 2A-2F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of camera 200 and lens system 210. Lens system 210 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis AX:

a first lens element 201 having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element 202 having positive refractive power;

a third lens element 203 having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element 204 having a positive refractive power;

a fifth lens element 205 having optical power;

a sixth lens element 206 having a positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element 207 having optical power.

As shown in fig. 2A, the lens system 210 may include an aperture stop 230 at or near the image-side surface of the lens 201 and an auxiliary stop 232 at the object-side surface of the lens 204. Lens system 210 may be designed to compensate for losses in illumination and possible vignetting that may be produced by internal stop 232. Camera 200 may include an IR filter between lens element 207 and photosensor 220.

Lens system 210 may have an effective focal length f of 4.672, an f-number of 1.6, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 81.7 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for the lens system 210 is 1.584. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 210 is about 6.336 mm. The relationship (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 of the lens system 210 is 1.34. Vd6 of lens system 210 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 210_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 0.999. Relationship | f of lens system 210_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5| is 0.738. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) for the lens system 210 is-6.824.

Fig. 2B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system 210 shown in fig. 2A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 2B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 2C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of the lens system 210 as shown in fig. 2A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 2C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Lens system 310

Fig. 3A illustrates an exemplary camera 300 having a lens system 310 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 3A-3F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of camera 300 and lens system 310. Lens system 310 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from object-side to image-side along optical axis AX:

a first lens element 301 having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element 302 having a positive refractive power;

a third lens element 303 having a negative refractive power;

fourth lens element 304 having positive optical power;

a fifth lens element 305 having optical power;

a sixth lens element 306 having positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element 307 having optical power.

As shown in fig. 3A, the lens system 310 may include an aperture stop 330 at or near the image-side surface of the lens 301 and an auxiliary stop 332 at the object-side surface of the lens 304. Lens system 310 may be designed to compensate for losses in illumination and possible vignetting that may be produced by internal stop 332. Camera 300 may include an IR filter between lens element 307 and photosensor 320.

Lens system 310 may have an effective focal length f of 4.170, an f-number of 1.7, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 81.1 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for the lens system 310 is 1.587. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 310 is about 6.348 mm. The relationship (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 of the lens system 310 is 1.36. Vd6 of lens system 310 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 310_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 1.125. Relationship | f of lens system 310_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5| is 0.792. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) for the lens system 310 is-6.865.

Fig. 3B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system 310 shown in fig. 3A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 3B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 3C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of the lens system 310 as shown in fig. 3A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 3C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Lens system 410

Fig. 4A illustrates an exemplary camera 400 having a lens system 410 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 4A through 4F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of the camera 400 and lens system 410. The lens system 410 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis AX:

a first lens element 401 having positive refractive power;

a second lens element 402 having a positive optical power;

a third lens element 403 having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element 404 having positive refractive power;

a fifth lens element 405 having optical power;

a sixth lens element 406 having a positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element 407 having optical power.

As shown in fig. 4A, the lens system 410 may include an aperture stop 430 at or near the image-side surface of the lens 401 and an auxiliary stop 432 at the object-side surface of the lens 404. Lens system 410 may be designed to compensate for losses in illumination and possible vignetting that may be produced by internal stop 432. Camera 400 may include an IR filter between lens element 407 and photosensor 420.

Lens system 410 may have an effective focal length f of 3.797, an f-number of 1.7, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 86.5 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for lens system 410 is 1.547. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 410 is about 6.188 mm. Off of lens system 410The Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 ratio was 1.36. Vd6 of lens system 410 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 410_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 0.914. Relationship | f of lens system 410_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5| is 0.782. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) for the lens system 410 is-5.228.

Fig. 4B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system 410 shown in fig. 4A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 4B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 4C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of the lens system 410 shown in fig. 4A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 4C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Lens system 510

Fig. 5A illustrates an exemplary camera 500 having a lens system 510 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 5A through 5F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of the camera 500 and lens system 510. Lens system 510 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from object-side to image-side along optical axis AX:

a first lens element 501 having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element 502 having a positive refractive power;

a third lens element 503 having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element 504 having a positive optical power;

a fifth lens element 505 having optical power;

a sixth lens element 506 having a positive optical power; and

a seventh lens element 507 having optical power.

As shown in fig. 5A, the lens system 510 may include an aperture stop 530 between the image-side surface of lens 501 and the object-side surface of lens 502. Lens system 510 may not include an auxiliary stop.

Lens system 510 may have an effective focal length f of 4.889, an f-number of 1.75, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 75.0 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for lens system 510 is 1.594. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 510 is about 6.376 mm. The relationship (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 of the lens system 510 is 1.34. Vd6 of lens system 510 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 510_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 1.138. Relationship | f of lens system 510_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5| is 0.918. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) for the lens system 510 is-6.659.

Fig. 5B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system 510, as shown in fig. 5A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 5B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 5C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of the lens system 510 as shown in fig. 5A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 5C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Lens system 610

Fig. 6A illustrates an exemplary camera 600 having a lens system 610 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 6A-6F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of the camera 600 and lens system 610. The lens system 610 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis AX:

a first lens element 601 having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element 602 having a positive refractive power;

a third lens element 603 having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element 604 having a positive refractive power;

a fifth lens element 605 having optical power;

a sixth lens element 606 having a positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element 607 having optical power.

As shown in fig. 6A, the lens system 610 may include an aperture stop 630 located at or near the image-side surface of the lens 601 and an auxiliary stop 632 located at the object-side surface of the lens 604. Lens system 610 may be designed to compensate for losses in illumination and possible vignetting that may be produced by internal stop 632. Camera 600 may include an IR filter between lens element 607 and photosensor 620.

Lens system 610 may have an effective focal length f of 3.401, an f-number of 1.79, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 93.8 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for the lens system 610 is 1.534. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 610 is about 6.136 mm. The relationship (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 of the lens system 610 is 1.35. Vd6 of lens system 610 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 610_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 0.811. Relationship | f of lens system 610_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5| is 0.812. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) for the lens system 610 is-3.707.

Fig. 6B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system 610, as shown in fig. 6A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 6B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 6C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of the lens system 610 as shown in fig. 6A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 6C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Lens system 710

Fig. 7A shows an exemplary camera 700 having a lens system 710 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 7A through 7F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of camera 700 and lens system 710. Lens system 710 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis AX:

a first lens element 701 having a positive refractive power;

a second lens element 702 having a positive refractive power;

a third lens element 703 having a negative refractive power;

a fourth lens element 704 having positive optical power;

a fifth lens element 705 having optical power;

a sixth lens element 706 having a positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element 707 having optical power.

As shown in fig. 7A, the lens system 710 may include an aperture stop 730 between the image-side surface of the lens 701 and the object-side surface of the lens 702. Lens system 710 may not include an auxiliary stop.

Lens system 710 may have an effective focal length f of 4.361, an f-number of 1.65, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 80.3 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for lens system 710 is 1.600. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 710 is about 6.4 mm. The relationship (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 of the lens system 710 is 1.34. Vd6 of lens system 710 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 710_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 0.943. Relationship | f of lens system 710_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5| is 0.868. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) for the lens system 710 is-4.540.

Fig. 7B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the lens system 710, as shown in fig. 7A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 7B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 7C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of the lens system 710 as shown in fig. 7A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 7C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Lens system 810

Fig. 8A shows an exemplary camera 800 with a lens system 810 including seven refractive lens elements, according to some embodiments. Tables 8A through 8F provide example values for various optical and physical parameters of camera 800 and lens system 810. Lens system 810 may include seven lens elements having optical powers arranged in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis AX:

a first lens element 801 having positive refractive power;

a second lens element 802 having a positive refractive power;

a third lens element 803 having a negative refractive power;

fourth lens element 804 having positive optical power;

a fifth lens element 805 having optical power;

sixth lens element 806 having positive refractive power; and

a seventh lens element 807 having optical power.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the lens system 810 may include an aperture stop 830 at or near the image-side surface of the lens 801. Lens system 810 may not include an auxiliary stop.

Lens system 810 may have an effective focal length f of 4.431, an f-number of 1.85, and a full field of view (FFOV) of 79.7 degrees. The relationship TTL/ImageH for lens system 810 is 1.599. Thus, assuming ImageH is 4mm, the TTL of the lens system 810 is about 6.396 mm. The relationship (Vd1+ Vd3)/Vd2 of the lens system 810 is 1.34. Vd6 of lens system 810 is 56.0. Relationship (f) of lens system 810_{System for controlling a power supply}/f12) was 1.005. Relationship | f of lens system 810_{System for controlling a power supply}/f3|+|f_{System for controlling a power supply}And/f 5| is 0.844. The relationship (R9+ R10)/(R9-R10) for lens system 810 is-5.516.

Fig. 8B is a graph illustrating a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of lens system 810 as shown in fig. 8A, according to some embodiments. Fig. 8B shows lens MTFs evaluated at 0, 0.4, 0.7, and full fields, respectively. The MTF is higher than 0.5 at 100 line pairs (lp)/mm, shows good contrast for high resolution imaging and renders high quality images using a high resolution sensor.

Fig. 8C illustrates longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion of lens system 810 as shown in fig. 8A, according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 8C, the optical distortion across the field of view is controlled to within 2.5%, while the field curvature and astigmatism are well balanced across the field of view.

Fig. 9 is a simplified flow diagram of a method of capturing an image using a camera having a lens system including seven lens elements as shown in any one of fig. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, and 8A, according to some embodiments. As indicated at 1200, light from an object field in front of a camera is received at a first lens element of the camera. As indicated at 1202, the first lens element refracts light to the second lens element. The light is then refracted by the second lens element to the third lens element, as indicated at 1204. The light is then refracted by the third lens element to the fourth lens element, as indicated at 1206. The light is then refracted by the fourth lens element to the fifth lens element, as indicated at 1208. The light is then refracted by the fifth lens element to the sixth lens element, as indicated at 1210. The light is then refracted by the sixth lens element to the seventh lens element as indicated at 1212. As indicated at 1214, the light is refracted by the seventh lens element to form an image at an image plane at or near the photosensor surface. As indicated at 1216, an image is captured by the photosensor.

Although not shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the light may pass through an infrared filter, which may be located, for example, between the seventh lens element and the photosensor. In some embodiments, an aperture stop may be located at the first lens element, and light from the object field may be received at the first lens element through the aperture stop. In some embodiments, in contrast, the aperture stop may be located between the first lens element and the second lens element, and light from the object field may be received at the first lens element of the camera and refracted through the aperture stop to the second lens element. In some embodiments, the lens system can further include one or more internal or auxiliary stops, such as an auxiliary stop located at the object-side surface of the fourth lens element, or two auxiliary stops, one at the image-side surface of the second lens element and one at the image-side surface of the fourth lens element.

In some embodiments, the seven lens elements referred to in fig. 9 can be configured as shown in any of fig. 1A, fig. 2A, fig. 3A, fig. 4A, fig. 5A, fig. 6A, fig. 7A, and fig. 8A and the respective tables 1A to 1F, tables 2A to 2F, tables 3A to 3F, tables 4A to 4F, tables 5A to 5F, tables 6A to 6F, tables 7A to 7F, and tables 8A to 8F. It is noted, however, that variations of the examples given in the figures are possible while achieving similar optical results.

Exemplary lens System Table

The following table provides example values for various optical and physical parameters of exemplary embodiments of lens systems and cameras as described with reference to fig. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A and 8A. In the tables, all dimensions are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise indicated. L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, and L7 represent refractive lenses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, respectively. The stop represents a camera aperture stop, and (aperture) represents an auxiliary stop. The object represents an object plane, the IRCF or filter indicates an infrared filter, and the sensor indicates a camera photosensor. "S #" represents a surface number. The surface numbers (S #) of the elements as shown in the table are listed from the first surface 0 at the object plane to the last surface at the image plane/photosensor surface. The positive radius of the surface indicates that the center of curvature is on the right side (object side) of the surface. A negative radius indicates that the center of curvature is to the left (image side) of the surface. "INF" stands for infinity (as used in optics). The thickness (or pitch) is the axial distance to the next surface. FNO represents the f-number of the lens system. FFOV represents the full field of view. f. of_35mmIs the 35mm equivalent focal length of the lens system. V_xThe abbe number of the corresponding lens element. f and f_{System for controlling a power supply}All represent the effective focal length of the lens system, and f12 is the first lensA compound focal length of the element and the second lens element, f3 is an effective focal length of the third lens element, f5 is an effective focal length of the fifth lens element, R9 is a radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the fifth lens element, R10 is a radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the fifth lens element, and Vd1, Vd2, Vd3, and Vd6 are abbe numbers of the first lens element, the second lens element, the third lens element, and the sixth lens element, respectively. TTL is the total optical path length of the lens system focused at the conjugate of infinity and can be measured between the object-side surface of the lens 1 or the aperture stop (whichever is closer to the object) to the image plane. ImaH is the half diagonal image height on the image plane.

For the material of the lens element and the IR filter, the refractive index N at the wavelength of the helium d-line is provided_dAnd the dispersion coefficient V of C line and F line relative to d line and hydrogen_d. Coefficient of dispersion V_dCan be defined by the following equation:

V_d＝(N_d-1)/(N_F–N_C)，

wherein N is_FAnd N_CThe refractive index values of the material at the F and C lines of hydrogen, respectively.

With reference to the aspheric coefficient table, the aspheric equation describing the aspheric surface can be given by:

Z＝(cr²/(1+sqrt[1–(1+K)c²r²]))+

A₄r⁴+A₆r⁶+A₈r⁸+A₁₀r¹⁰+A₁₂R¹²+A₁₄r¹⁴+A₁₆r¹⁶+A₁₈r¹⁸+A₂₀r²⁰

where Z is the surface sag parallel to the Z-axis (in these exemplary embodiments, the Z-axis and the optical axis coincide), r is the radial distance from the apex, c is the curvature of the surface pole or apex (inverse of the radius of curvature of the surface), K is the conic constant, and A is₄–A₂₀Is an aspherical coefficient. In the table, "E" represents an exponential symbol (power of 10).

It is noted that the values given in the table below for the various parameters in the various embodiments of the lens system are given by way of example and are not intended to be limiting. For example, one or more parameters of one or more surfaces of one or more lens elements in exemplary embodiments, as well as parameters of the materials comprising these elements, may be assigned different values while still providing similar performance to the lens system. In particular, it is noted that some values in the table may be scaled up or down for larger or smaller implementations of the camera using embodiments of the lens system as described herein.

TABLE 1A (lens System 110)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 1B to 1E)

TABLE 1B-aspheric coefficients (lens System 110)

TABLE 1C-aspheric coefficients (lens System 110)

TABLE 1D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 110)

TABLE 1E-aspheric coefficients (lens System 110)

Table 1F: optical definition (lens System 110)

TABLE 2A (lens System 210)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 2B to 2E)

TABLE 2B-aspheric coefficients (lens System 210)

TABLE 2C-aspheric coefficients (lens System 210)

TABLE 2D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 210)

TABLE 2E-aspheric coefficients (lens System 210)

Table 2F: optical definition (lens System 210)

TABLE 3A (lens system 310)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 3B to 3E)

TABLE 3B-aspheric coefficients (lens system 310)

TABLE 3C-aspheric coefficients (lens system 310)

TABLE 3D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 310)

TABLE 3E-aspheric coefficients (lens system 310)

Table 3F: optical definition (lens system 310)

TABLE 4A (lens System 410)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 4B to 4E)

TABLE 4B-aspheric coefficients (lens System 410)

TABLE 4C-aspheric coefficients (lens system 410)

TABLE 4D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 410)

TABLE 4E-aspheric coefficients (lens System 410)

Table 4F: optical definition (lens system 410)

TABLE 5A (lens System 510)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 5B to 5E)

TABLE 5B-aspheric coefficients (lens System 510)

TABLE 5C-aspheric coefficients (lens System 510)

TABLE 5D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 510)

TABLE 5E-aspheric coefficients (lens System 510)

Table 5F: optical definition (lens System 510)

TABLE 6A (lens System 610)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 6B to 6E)

TABLE 6B-aspheric coefficients (lens System 610)

TABLE 6C-aspheric coefficients (lens System 610)

TABLE 6D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 610)

TABLE 6E-aspheric coefficients (lens System 610)

Table 6F: optical definition (lens System 610)

TABLE 7A (lens System 710)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 7B to 7E)

TABLE 7B-aspheric coefficients (lens System 710)

TABLE 7C-aspheric coefficients (lens System 710)

TABLE 7D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 710)

TABLE 7E-aspheric coefficients (lens System 710)

Table 7F: optical definition (lens System 710)

TABLE 8A (lens System 810)

Denotes an aspherical surface (aspherical coefficients given in tables 8B to 8E)

TABLE 8B-aspheric coefficients (lens System 810)

TABLE 8C-aspheric coefficients (lens System 810)

TABLE 8D-aspheric coefficients (lens System 810)

TABLE 8E-aspheric coefficients (lens System 810)

Table 8F: optical definition (lens System 810)

Exemplary computing device

Fig. 10 illustrates an exemplary computing device, referred to as a computer system 2000, which may include or have an embodiment of a camera with a lens system as shown in fig. 1A-9. Further, the computer system 2000 may implement methods for controlling the operation of the camera and/or for performing image processing on images captured with the camera. In different embodiments, the computer system 2000 may be any of various types of devices, including but not limited to: personal computer systems, desktop computers, laptop computers, notebook computers, tablet or tablet devices, all-in-one or netbook computers, mainframe computer systems, handheld computers, workstations, network computers, cameras, set-top boxes, mobile devices, wireless telephones, smart phones, consumer devices, video game controllers, handheld video game devices, application servers, storage devices, televisions, video recording devices, peripheral devices such as switches, modems, routers, or generally any type of computing or electronic device.

In the illustrated embodiment, the computer system 2000 includes one or more processors 2010 coupled to a system memory 2020 via an input/output (I/O) interface 2030. The computer system 2000 also includes a network interface 2040 and one or more input/output devices 2050, such as a cursor control device 2060, a keyboard 2070 and one or more displays 2080, which are coupled to the I/O interface 2030. The computer system 2000 may also include one or more cameras 2090, e.g., one or more cameras as described above with respect to fig. 1A-9, or one or more cameras as described above with respect to fig. 1A-9 and one or more other cameras, such as conventional wide field of view cameras, that may also be coupled to the I/O interface 2030.

In various embodiments, the computer system 2000 may be a single-processor system including one processor 2010, or a multi-processor system including several processors 2010 (e.g., two, four, eight, or another suitable number). Processor 2010 may be any suitable processor capable of executing instructions. For example, in various embodiments, processors 2010 may be general-purpose or embedded processors implementing any of a variety of Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs), such as the x86, PowerPC, SPARC, or MIPS ISAs, or any other suitable ISA. In a multiprocessor system, each of processors 2010 may typically, but need not necessarily, implement the same ISA.

The system memory 2020 may be configured to store program instructions 2022 and/or data 2032 accessible by the processor 2010. In various embodiments, the system memory 2020 may be implemented using any suitable memory technology, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), synchronous dynamic ram (sdram), non-volatile/flash type memory, or any other type of memory. In the illustrated embodiment, the program instructions 2022 may be configured to implement various interfaces, methods, and/or data for controlling the operation of the camera 2090 and for capturing and processing images with the integrated camera 2090 or other methods or data, such as interfaces and methods for capturing, displaying, processing, and storing images captured with the camera 2090. In some embodiments, program instructions and/or data may be received, transmitted, or stored on a different type of computer-accessible medium, or the like, separate from system memory 2020 or computer system 2000.

In one embodiment, the I/O interface 2030 may be configured to coordinate I/O communication between the processor 2010, the system memory 2020, and any peripheral devices in the device, including the network interface 2040 or other peripheral device interfaces, such as the input/output device 2050. In some embodiments, the I/O interface 2030 may perform any necessary protocol, timing, or other data transformations to convert data signals from one component (e.g., the system memory 2020) into a format suitable for use by another component (e.g., the processor 2010). In some embodiments, I/O interface 2030 may include support for devices attached, for example, through various types of peripheral device buses, such as a variant of the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus standard or the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard. In some embodiments, the functionality of I/O interface 2030 may be divided into two or more separate components, such as a north bridge and a south bridge, for example. Further, in some embodiments, some or all of the functionality of the I/O interface 2030 (such as an interface to the system memory 2020) may be incorporated directly into the processor 2010.

Network interface 2040 may be configured to allow data to be exchanged between computer system 2000 and other devices (e.g., a carrier or proxy device) attached to network 2085, or between nodes of computer system 2000. In various embodiments, network 2085 may include one or more networks, including but not limited to: a Local Area Network (LAN) (e.g., ethernet or an enterprise network), a Wide Area Network (WAN) (e.g., the internet), a wireless data network, some other electronic data network, or some combination thereof. In various embodiments, network interface 2040 may support communication via a wired or wireless general purpose data network (such as, for example, any suitable type of ethernet network); communication via a telecommunications/telephony network (such as an analog voice network or a digital fiber optic communication network); communication via storage area networks (such as fibre channel SANs), or via any other suitable type of network and/or protocol.

The input/output devices 2050 may include, in some embodiments, one or more display terminals, keyboards, keypads, touch pads, scanning devices, voice or optical recognition devices, or any other devices suitable for entering or accessing data by the computer system 2000. Multiple input/output devices 2050 may be present in computer system 2000 or may be distributed across various nodes of computer system 2000. In some embodiments, similar input/output devices may be separate from computer system 2000 and may interact with one or more nodes of computer system 2000 via a wired or wireless connection (such as through network interface 2040).

As shown in fig. 10, the memory 2020 may include program instructions 2022 which are executable by the processor to implement any elements or actions for supporting the integrated camera 2090, including but not limited to image processing software and interface software for controlling the camera 2090. In some embodiments, the images captured by the camera 2090 may be stored to the memory 2020. Further, metadata for images captured by the camera 2090 may be stored to the memory 2020.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the computer system 2000 is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of embodiments. In particular, the computer systems and devices may include any combination of hardware or software that can perform the indicated functions, including computers, network devices, internet appliances, PDAs, wireless telephones, pagers, video or still cameras, and the like. The computer system 2000 may also be connected to other devices not shown, or otherwise operate as a standalone system. Further, the functionality provided by the illustrated components may be combined in fewer components or distributed in additional components in some embodiments. Similarly, in some embodiments, the functionality of some of the illustrated components may not be provided, and/or other additional functionality may be available.

Those skilled in the art will also recognize that while various items are shown as being stored in memory or on storage devices during use, these items, or portions thereof, may be transferred between memory and other storage devices for purposes of memory management and data integrity. Alternatively, in other embodiments, some or all of these software components may execute in memory on another device and communicate with the illustrated computer system 2000 via inter-computer communication. Some or all of the system components or data structures may also be stored (e.g., as instructions or structured data) on a computer-accessible medium or a portable article to be read by a suitable drive, various examples of which are described above. In some embodiments, instructions stored on a computer-accessible medium separate from computer system 2000 may be transmitted to computer system 2000 via transmission media or signals (such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals transmitted via a communication medium such as a network and/or a wireless link). Various embodiments may also include receiving, transmitting or storing instructions and/or data implemented in accordance with the above description upon a computer-accessible medium. Generally speaking, a computer-accessible medium may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or memory medium, such as a magnetic or optical medium, e.g., a disk or DVD/CD-ROM, a volatile or non-volatile medium such as RAM (e.g., SDRAM, DDR, RDRAM, SRAM, etc.), ROM, or the like. In some embodiments, a computer-accessible medium may include transmission media or signals, such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as a network and/or a wireless link.

In various embodiments, the methods described herein may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Additionally, the order of the blocks of a method may be changed, and various elements may be added, reordered, combined, omitted, modified, etc. Various modifications and changes will become apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The various embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. Many variations, modifications, additions, and improvements are possible. Thus, multiple examples may be provided for components described herein as a single example. The boundaries between the various components, operations and data stores are somewhat arbitrary, and particular operations are illustrated in the context of specific example configurations. Other allocations of functionality are contemplated that may fall within the scope of claims that follow. Finally, structures and functionality presented as discrete components in the exemplary configurations may be implemented as a combined structure or component. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements may fall within the scope of the embodiments as defined in the claims that follow.