阅读说明：本技术 一种通风管道及堆肥通风装置 (Ventilating duct and compost ventilating device ) 是由 程琼仪 孟海波 沈玉君 程红胜 于 2019-11-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种通风管道及堆肥通风装置。所述通风管道包括通风孔和挡板,所述通风孔设于所述通风管道的周面上,所述通风孔包括前端和后端,所述前端为距离所述通风管道的进风口较近的一侧,所述后端为距离所述通风管道的进风口较远的一侧；所述挡板设于所述通风孔上,所述挡板在所述通风孔的后端转动连接在所述通风管道上,所述挡板在闭合时覆盖所述通风孔；所述挡板在闭合时相应通风孔的前端位置上开有通孔,该通孔用于在所述通风管道通风时使气流通过从而开启所述挡板。本发明使得出风气流在挡板作用下形成贴壁射流,达到出风气流与风管轴线尽可能垂直的效果,降低通风死角,提高了管道送风均匀性。(The invention relates to a ventilating duct and a compost ventilating device. The ventilation pipeline comprises ventilation holes and a baffle, the ventilation holes are formed in the peripheral surface of the ventilation pipeline, the ventilation holes comprise front ends and rear ends, the front ends are the sides close to the air inlets of the ventilation pipeline, and the rear ends are the sides far away from the air inlets of the ventilation pipeline; the baffle plate is arranged on the vent hole, the baffle plate is rotatably connected to the ventilation pipeline at the rear end of the vent hole, and the baffle plate covers the vent hole when being closed; when the baffle plate is closed, a through hole is formed in the front end position of the corresponding vent hole, and the through hole is used for enabling airflow to pass through when the ventilation pipeline ventilates, so that the baffle plate is opened. The invention leads the air outlet flow to form wall-attached jet flow under the action of the baffle plate, achieves the effect that the air outlet flow is as vertical as possible to the axis of the air pipe, reduces the ventilation dead angle and improves the air supply uniformity of the pipeline.)

1. A ventilating duct is characterized in that the ventilating duct comprises a ventilating hole and a baffle plate,

the ventilation holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the ventilation pipeline and comprise front ends and rear ends, the front ends are the sides close to the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline, and the rear ends are the sides far away from the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline;

the baffle plate is arranged on the vent hole, the baffle plate is rotatably connected to the ventilation pipeline at the rear end of the vent hole, and the baffle plate covers the vent hole when being closed; when the baffle plate is closed, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the front end of the ventilation hole, of the baffle plate, and the through hole is used for enabling airflow to pass through when the ventilation pipeline ventilates so as to open the baffle plate.

2. The ventilation duct of claim 1, wherein the baffle is plastic.

3. The ventilation duct of claim 2, wherein the baffle is polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.

4. The ventilation duct according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the position of the through-hole when the shutter is closed corresponds to the position of the front end edge of the ventilation hole in the ventilation direction.

5. The ventilation duct according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the through-holes and the baffle are circular, the number of the through-holes is one or more, when one, the diameter of the through-hole is 1/8 to 1/3 of the diameter of the baffle, and when more, the sum of the diameters of all the through-holes is 1/8 to 1/3 of the diameter of the baffle.

6. The ventilation duct of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ventilation holes are formed in a plurality of positions along the ventilation duct from the air inlet to the air outlet, a baffle is arranged on each ventilation hole, and the projection height of the baffle on the vertical surface is gradually reduced after the baffle is opened in the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet.

7. The ventilation duct according to claim 6, wherein the ventilation holes are provided in one or more rows in the axial direction of the ventilation duct.

8. A ventilation duct according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the opening angle of the flap is 80 ° or more, and the flap is connected to the ventilation duct by a hinge.

9. The utility model provides a compost ventilation unit, its characterized in that, ventilation unit includes air pipe, air pipe sets up in the below of compost, the ventilation hole on the air pipe is located air pipe's last global.

10. A compost aeration device as claimed in claim 9, further comprising an aeration basin and a perforated plate, said ventilation conduit being located within said aeration basin, said perforated plate overlying said aeration basin and being located beneath said compost.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline ventilation, in particular to a ventilation pipeline and a compost ventilation device.

Background

The ventilation can provide oxygen for the stack body and take away waste heat and water vapor. When the ventilation quantity is insufficient, the compost body can be subjected to anaerobic fermentation, so that the composting is failed. Therefore, in the actual production, a ventilation device is additionally arranged to ensure the composting effect. At present, a composting system with aeration grooves is provided, wherein the aeration grooves are usually arranged at the bottom of a compost body, a ventilating pipeline is laid in the grooves, and perforated plates are laid on the grooves and used for separating the compost body from the ventilating pipeline. The ventilation pipeline is provided with small holes, and the airflow enters the stack body through the small holes. In order to reduce the production cost, the ventilation system adopting positive pressure air supply has no other auxiliary pressure regulation facilities except that a plurality of small ventilation holes with consistent size and spacing are arranged on the pipeline. The structure and ventilation schematic of such a ventilation duct are shown in fig. 1. Wherein 10 is a ventilation duct, the front end of the ventilation duct 10 is provided with a fan 20, and the wall of the ventilation duct is provided with a small ventilation hole 101. Because the air outlet direction of the orifice is influenced by the static pressure in the pipe and the air flow in the pipe, the flow speed in the pipe is high at the initial end of the air pipe, and the outflow direction of the orifice deflects towards the axial direction of the air pipe, so that a ventilation weak area is formed in the area at the initial end of the air pipe; meanwhile, the airflow is gathered towards the tail end of the air duct, so that the airflow velocity at the tail end area is too high, which leads to taking away excessive heat of the compost and is not beneficial to the proceeding of the composting reaction,

in actual production, no accurate formula or model provides a theoretical basis for designing a ventilation pipeline, ventilation is conducted mostly according to experience, the problem that an air inlet is a weak ventilation area easily occurs, the weak ventilation area is not provided with enough oxygen, and the probability of composting failure is greatly improved.

Aiming at the ventilation defects, on the basis of considering the production cost and utilizing the original ventilation equipment as much as possible, the existing ventilation equipment needs to be improved, and the current situation of uneven ventilation of a composting system is reduced and improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a ventilation duct and a compost ventilation device, so as to solve the problem that the air flow from an air duct at a position close to an air inlet is not perpendicular to the axis of the ventilation duct, further solve the problem that the position close to the air inlet is a weak ventilation area, and reduce and improve the current situation of uneven ventilation of a compost system.

The invention firstly provides a ventilating duct, which comprises a ventilating hole and a baffle plate,

the ventilation holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the ventilation pipeline and comprise front ends and rear ends, the front ends are the sides close to the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline, and the rear ends are the sides far away from the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline;

the baffle plate is arranged on the vent hole, the baffle plate is rotatably connected to the ventilation pipeline at the rear end of the vent hole, and the baffle plate covers the vent hole when being closed; when the baffle plate is closed, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the front end of the ventilation hole, of the baffle plate, and the through hole is used for enabling airflow to pass through when the ventilation pipeline ventilates so as to open the baffle plate.

In the ventilating duct, the baffle is made of plastic.

Further, the baffle is made of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.

Further, the position of the through hole when the shutter is closed corresponds to the position of the front end edge of the ventilation hole in the ventilation direction.

Further, the through holes and the baffle are preferably circular, the number of the through holes is one or more, when the number of the through holes is one, the diameter of the through holes is 1/8 to 1/3 of the diameter of the baffle, and when the number of the through holes is more, the sum of the diameters of all the through holes is 1/8 to 1/3 of the diameter of the baffle.

Furthermore, the ventilation hole is followed from air intake to air outlet ventilation pipe is equipped with a plurality ofly, is equipped with the baffle in every ventilation hole, in the direction from air intake to air outlet the baffle is opened the back and is reduced at the projection height of vertical face gradually.

Furthermore, the ventilation holes are provided with one or more rows along the axial direction of the ventilation pipeline.

The opening angle of the baffle is 80 degrees or more, and the baffle is connected with the ventilation pipeline through a hinge.

The invention also provides a compost ventilating device which comprises a ventilating pipeline, wherein the ventilating pipeline is arranged below the compost.

The ventilating device for the compost comprises an aeration tank and a perforated plate, wherein the ventilating pipeline is arranged in the aeration tank, and the perforated plate covers the aeration tank and is positioned below the compost.

The ventilating duct provided by the invention can be used for a composting system with an aeration tank. The aeration tank is arranged at the bottom of the stack body, the pipeline is laid in the tank, and the perforated plate is laid on the tank to separate the stack body from the ventilation pipeline. The ventilation pipeline is provided with a ventilation hole, the rear end of the ventilation hole, which is positioned in the wind direction, is additionally provided with a baffle plate, the baffle plate can completely cover the small ventilation hole, and the length of the baffle plate is gradually reduced from the air inlet to the air outlet. The baffle can freely open and shut, in order to guarantee that the baffle can open, offer the aperture near the front end of ventilation hole on every baffle. When the ventilation is carried out, the air flow flows out through the small holes, the baffle is opened under the action of the air flow, the opening angle is larger than or equal to 80 degrees, the air flow forms wall-attached jet flow under the action of the baffle, and the effect that the air flow is perpendicular to the axis of the air pipe as far as possible is achieved. When ventilation is not performed, the baffle plate is automatically closed, and the effect of preventing the small stack body from blocking the small ventilation hole is achieved. On the basis of controlling the compost ventilation operation cost, the invention reduces the ventilation dead angle and improves the air supply uniformity of the pipeline. Of course, the ventilation duct provided by the invention can also be applied to other occasions needing to improve the airflow direction of the ventilation holes and uniform ventilation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the air flow direction of ventilation ducts and vents commonly used in the prior compost production;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a vent with a baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an aeration tank and a ventilation duct according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention with baffles added to the apertures without venting;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the path from closed to open of the flapper after venting has begun;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing that the baffle is completely opened during ventilation and the outlet airflow forms wall-attached jet on the baffle;

the reference numbers illustrate:

10 ventilating ducts, 20 fans, 101 ventilation holes, 1011 front ends, 1012 rear ends, 102 baffles, 1021 through holes, 30 aeration tanks and 40 perforated plates.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the objects, features and advantages of the invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely intended to illustrate the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

Aiming at the situation that the outflow direction of the upper orifice of the vent hole of the positive pressure vent pipeline is inclined to the axial direction of the vent pipeline, the invention provides the vent pipeline and the compost ventilation device, and the air outlet structure of the vent hole is improved on the basis of using the original vent pipeline as much as possible so as to solve the problem that the air outlet flow of the vent hole is not vertical to the axial direction of the vent pipeline, further solve the problem that the air inlet of the positive pressure vent pipeline is a weak ventilation area, and reduce and improve the current situation of uneven ventilation of a.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic top view of a vent hole with a baffle plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, a vent hole 101 is formed in a vent duct 10, the vent hole 101 is located on a circumferential surface of the vent duct 10, a baffle plate 102 is additionally disposed on the vent hole 101, and the baffle plate 102 completely covers an area of the vent hole 101.

The ventilation hole 101 comprises a front end 1011 and a rear end 1012, wherein the front end 1011 is a distance from one side of the ventilation pipeline closer to the air inlet, and the rear end 1012 is a distance from one side of the ventilation pipeline farther from the air inlet.

The baffle plate 102 is rotatably connected to the ventilation duct 10 at the rear end 1012 of the ventilation hole 101, and the baffle plate 102 covers the ventilation hole 101 when closed; when the baffle plate 102 is closed, a through hole 1021 is formed at the position of the front end 1011 of the corresponding ventilation hole 101, and the through hole 1021 is used for enabling air flow to pass through when the ventilation pipeline is ventilated so as to open the baffle plate 102.

Because the stack body is positioned at the upper part of the ventilating duct, in order to achieve the effect of ventilating the stack body, the position of the vent hole 101 can be the upper half pipe wall of the ventilating duct 10. Of course, if the application is different, the positions of the vent holes can be set according to the needs. The vent holes are small holes with the diameter of about 1mm-0.5 m. The specific numerical value can be adjusted correspondingly according to the size and other parameters of the ventilation pipeline.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an aeration tank 30 and a ventilation duct 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above ventilation duct, the baffle 102 may be made of plastic, such as light material selected from polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, so as to facilitate the airflow to lift the baffle. The thickness of the baffle plate can be set to be 1mm-5 cm. The material of the ventilation duct wall is not limited, and a conventional ventilation duct material can be selected.

As shown in fig. 4, when no ventilation is performed, the damper 102 is closed by gravity. When ventilation is performed, in order to ensure that the baffle plate 102 can be opened under the action of air flow, a small hole (through hole) 1021 is formed in the front end of the baffle plate 102, which is close to the ventilation hole 101, and the small hole is a through hole so as to ensure that when the baffle plate 102 is closed, air flow still flows out, so that the baffle plate 102 can be opened, and a path from closing to opening of the baffle plate 102 is schematically shown in fig. 5.

The opening angle of the damper 102 is secured to 80 ° or more by setting the size, thickness, material, and size and position of the through hole so that the air flow of the vent hole 101 is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the ventilation duct 10.

When ventilation is not performed, the baffle is closed, so that the compost substrate can be prevented from falling into the ventilation pipeline and blocking the small ventilation holes, and the ventilation pipeline is convenient to transport and install.

Because the outlet air flow of the small ventilation holes is subjected to the combined action of the flow velocity in the pipe and the flow velocity generated by static pressure, the flow velocity generated by the static pressure is

The included angle between the outlet flow of the orifice and the axial line of the ventilating pipeline is tan α -vJ/vd

Wherein v j is the static pressure difference to generate flow velocity, m/s; pj is the air static pressure in the ventilation pipeline, Pa; rho is the air density in the ventilation pipeline, kg/m ³α shaft for outlet flow and ventilation pipelineAngle between lines, ° (degrees); v d is the flow velocity in the tube, m/s.

According to the formula, from the initial end to the tail end of the ventilation pipeline, the air volume in the ventilation pipeline is reduced, the air speed is reduced, namely the dynamic pressure is reduced, the static pressure is increased, the air outlet speed of the small hole is increased, and the included angle between the orifice outflow and the axis of the ventilation pipeline is increased (as shown in figure 1).

Therefore, the ventilation hole is followed from air intake to air outlet ventilation pipe can be equipped with a plurality ofly, is equipped with the baffle in every ventilation hole, and at ventilation pipe's end, the baffle plays the effect of water conservancy diversion and is less, and the baffle can reduce in proper order by ventilation pipe front end to rear end at the projection height of vertical face when opening, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 6, that is to say the area of baffle reduces gradually. But still ensures that each flap completely covers the vent.

With the addition of baffles, coherent jets are formed due to the Coanda (Coanda) effect, i.e., the flow of fluid that is biased toward the solid side when encountering asymmetric boundary conditions, as shown in fig. 6. Compared with free jet, the adherent jet has the characteristics of long range and slow speed attenuation, and has positive effect on the ventilation in the reactor with larger ventilation resistance.

Further, in order to make the baffle plate be lifted up with saving wind energy, it is preferable that the position of the through hole when the baffle plate 102 is closed corresponds to the position of the ventilation hole 101 at the front end edge.

Further, the number of the through holes may be one or more.

When the number of the through holes is one, the diameter of the through holes is 1/8 to 1/3 of the diameter of the baffle when the through holes and the baffle are both circular, and when the number of the through holes is multiple, the sum of the diameters of all the through holes is 1/8 to 1/3 of the diameter of the baffle. When a plurality of through holes are arranged, the through holes can be arranged in an array or in a single row, and the through holes are arranged as intensively as possible to concentrate wind power.

When the through holes and the baffle are in other shapes, the size of the through holes can be converted by referring to the circular area.

Furthermore, the ventilation holes are provided with one or more rows along the axial direction of the ventilation pipeline. Wherein the cross-sectional profile of the ventilation duct when two rows are provided is shown in figure 3. The vents may be spaced apart, such as evenly spaced apart.

The baffle plate is rotatably connected with the ventilation pipeline through a rotating shaft, the specific connecting piece can be realized through a general conventional means, and the baffle plate can be connected with the ventilation pipeline through a hinge for the sake of simple structure.

The shape of the vent hole on the ventilation pipeline can be not limited, the vent hole can be round, oval, polygonal or other irregular shapes, and the like, and correspondingly, the shape of the baffle can also be not limited and is the shape corresponding to the vent hole. Preferably, however, the shape of the vent holes is circular and the shape of the baffle is also circular. The through holes in the baffle are preferably circular.

The invention also provides a compost ventilation device which comprises a ventilation pipeline 10, wherein the ventilation pipeline is arranged below the compost.

The ventilating device for compost further comprises an aeration tank 30 and a perforated plate 40, the ventilating pipeline 10 is arranged in the aeration tank 30, and the perforated plate 40 covers the aeration tank 30 and is positioned below the compost, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the compost is not shown in fig. 3.

The ventilating duct provided by the invention can be used for a composting system with an aeration tank. The aeration tank is arranged at the bottom of the stack body, the pipeline is laid in the tank, and the perforated plate is laid on the tank to separate the stack body from the ventilation pipeline. The positive pressure ventilation pipeline is provided with a ventilation hole, the rear end of the ventilation hole, which is positioned in the wind direction, is additionally provided with a baffle plate, the baffle plate can completely cover the small ventilation hole, and the length of the baffle plate covering the ventilation hole is gradually reduced from the air inlet to the air outlet. The baffle can freely open and shut, in order to guarantee that the baffle can open, offer the aperture near the front end of ventilation hole on every baffle. When ventilating, the air current flows through the aperture, and the baffle is opened under the air current effect, and opening angle more than or equal to 80, the air-out air current forms adherence efflux under the baffle effect, reaches air-out air current and air pipe axis effect as far as vertical. When ventilation is not performed, the baffle plate is automatically closed, and the effect of preventing the small stack body from blocking the small ventilation hole is achieved. On the basis of controlling the compost ventilation operation cost, the invention reduces the ventilation dead angle and improves the air supply uniformity of the pipeline.

The invention can control the airflow direction of each small ventilation hole, overcomes the problems of ventilation dead angle at the front end and overhigh speed at the rear end of a compost ventilation pipeline, and simultaneously can prevent small compost bodies from falling into the ventilation pipeline to block the small ventilation holes when ventilation is not carried out. The invention has low production cost and is easy to transport, store and install.