阅读说明：本技术 适用于冲蚀性能测试的试样的夹持装置及其制备方法及旋转圆盘式冲蚀设备 (Sample clamping device suitable for erosion performance test, preparation method thereof and rotary disc type erosion equipment ) 是由 吴祥锋 方可伟 李成涛 罗坤杰 王力 牛邵蕊 张度宝 沈剑 程健 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于冲蚀性能测试的试样的夹持装置及其制备方法及旋转圆盘式冲蚀设备,所述夹持装置包括套管,所述套管上开设有用于容纳所述试样的空腔,所述套管的内壁与所述试样之间具有固定层,所述试样的顶端与所述固定层和套管的顶端位于同一平面；所述旋转圆盘式冲蚀设备包括夹持装置、旋转主轴和旋转圆盘,所述旋转主轴上开设有第一通槽,所述旋转圆盘上开设有第二通槽,所述第一通槽与第二通槽贯通且均用于容纳导线。本发明的夹持装置通过固定层包裹试样,避免试样的侧面与试验溶液接触产生干扰电流,影响测试结果的准确性；旋转圆盘式冲蚀设备通过设置夹持装置、第一通槽和第二通槽,简化线路,利于维修拆卸,降低导线被腐蚀的风险。(The invention discloses a clamping device suitable for a sample for erosion performance test, a preparation method thereof and a rotary disc type erosion device, wherein the clamping device comprises a sleeve, a cavity for containing the sample is formed in the sleeve, a fixed layer is arranged between the inner wall of the sleeve and the sample, and the top end of the sample, the fixed layer and the top end of the sleeve are positioned on the same plane; the rotary disc type erosion equipment comprises a clamping device, a rotary main shaft and a rotary disc, wherein a first through groove is formed in the rotary main shaft, a second through groove is formed in the rotary disc, and the first through groove and the second through groove are communicated and are used for accommodating a wire. According to the clamping device, the sample is wrapped by the fixing layer, so that the side surface of the sample is prevented from being in contact with a test solution to generate interference current, and the accuracy of a test result is prevented from being influenced; the rotary disc type erosion equipment has the advantages that the line is simplified by the arrangement of the clamping device, the first through groove and the second through groove, the maintenance and the disassembly are facilitated, and the risk that a lead is corroded is reduced.)

1. The clamping device for the sample suitable for the erosion performance test is characterized by comprising a sleeve, wherein a cavity for containing the sample is formed in the sleeve, a fixed layer is arranged between the inner wall of the sleeve and the sample, and the top end of the sample, the fixed layer and the top end of the sleeve are positioned on the same plane.

2. The clamping device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sleeve has a through hole for a wire to pass through, one end of the wire is electrically connected to the sample, and an insulating layer is disposed on an outer wall of the wire outside the clamping device.

3. A holding arrangement as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the conductor within the holding arrangement is coated with the fixing layer.

4. A holding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of the cavity is greater than the height of the test specimen, and the fixing layer is filled between the bottom of the test specimen and the bottom surface of the cavity.

5. The holding device according to claim 1, wherein an angle between a horizontal plane and a plane where the top end of the sample and the top ends of the fixing layer and the sleeve are located is 0 ° or more and less than 90 °.

6. A method for manufacturing a clamping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: a lead penetrates through the through hole, and one end of the lead is electrically connected with the bottom of the sample; placing a sample into the casing and filling the fixing layer between the inner wall of the casing and the sample; and polishing the upper end parts of the sleeve, the fixed layer and the sample until the top ends of the sleeve, the fixed layer and the sample are positioned on the same plane.

7. A rotary disc type erosion device comprises a rotary main shaft and a rotary disc, wherein a rotary guide rail is connected to the top end of the rotary main shaft, the bottom end of the rotary main shaft is connected with the rotary disc, a carbon brush is arranged on the rotary guide rail, and a groove is formed in the rotary disc.

8. The rotary disc type erosion device of claim 7, comprising a fixing member located on an outer wall of the rotary disc, wherein the fixing member and the second through groove are located on two opposite sides of the groove, the second through groove, the groove and the fixing member are located in a same radial extending direction of the rotary disc, and one end of the fixing member penetrates through a side wall of the rotary disc and extends into the groove and abuts against the outer wall of the sleeve.

9. The rotary disc type erosion device of claim 8, wherein the first through groove is located on an outer wall of the rotary spindle, a length extension direction of the first through groove is the same as a length extension direction of the rotary spindle, and the second through groove is located at a top end of the rotary disc; the cross sections of the first through groove and the second through groove are semicircular, and the diameters of the first through groove and the second through groove are smaller than the outer diameter of the lead.

10. The rotary disc type erosion device of claim 7, comprising an electrochemical workstation and a solution tank, wherein the electrochemical workstation comprises a working electrode lead, an auxiliary electrode lead and a reference electrode lead, a cover plate is arranged on the solution tank, and the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode are inserted on the cover plate; the upper end part of the reference electrode is electrically connected with the reference electrode lead, the upper end part of the auxiliary electrode is electrically connected with the auxiliary electrode lead, and the carbon brush is electrically connected with the working electrode lead.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of material erosion corrosion performance evaluation, and particularly relates to a clamping device for a sample suitable for erosion performance test, a preparation method of the clamping device, and rotary disc type erosion equipment comprising the clamping device.

Background

The nuclear power station is mostly built at a coastal position, and due to the special water quality conditions (silt is contained in coastal areas and silt amount is different in different sea areas) in the coastal areas, the overflowing parts such as pumps, impellers, valves, pipelines and the like in a nuclear power cold source system have the risk of erosion corrosion (erosion), so that the screening of the material with excellent erosion resistance has important significance. At present, most of methods for evaluating erosion resistance of materials are ex-situ evaluation methods, wherein erosion corrosion equipment is generally adopted to scour materials, erosion weight loss measurement is carried out to evaluate the erosion performance, and a morphology observation method, a roughness analysis method and other methods are assisted to characterize and analyze the surface damage condition after erosion. The traditional methods have long period, high cost and less acquired information, so that the cost of the optimized material selection of the erosion-resistant material is higher; and the critical flow rate parameter is obtained by an in-situ electrochemical test method, so that the erosion performance of the material can be rapidly, efficiently, accurately and comprehensively evaluated.

The rotary disc type erosion equipment provided with the electrochemical workstation is one of common equipment of an in-situ electrochemical testing method, and has the advantages of simple equipment, low manufacturing cost, short testing period and the like. A groove special for placing a sample to be eroded is formed in a rotating disc in the rotating disc type erosion equipment, when the sample is directly placed in the groove, a plurality of gaps exist between the sample and the inner wall of the groove, the actual test area of the sample in the electrochemical test process comprises the area of the side face of the sample, and when a test solution enters the gaps, the current generated by the contact of the solution and the side face of a metal sample can cause interference, so that the accuracy of a final result is influenced (the test result is generally calculated according to the average current density); furthermore, the rotary disk type erosion apparatus needs to be provided with a line for connecting the sample: on one hand, the circuit is mainly hidden in the rotating disc, the structure is complex, and the circuit distribution cannot be identified in real time; on the other hand, the joint of the spring at the bottom of the groove and the lead is exposed in the equipment without the protection of an insulating layer, and the spring is easily damaged by the corrosion of the test solution when immersed in the test solution for testing, and is troublesome to disassemble and long in maintenance time.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a sample clamping device suitable for erosion performance testing, a preparation method thereof, and a rotary disc type erosion apparatus, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art that a gap is left between a sample and an inner wall of a groove to cause interference on a test result and a lead in the apparatus is easily corroded by a solution.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a sample clamping device suitable for erosion performance testing, which comprises a sleeve, wherein a cavity for containing a sample is formed in the sleeve, a fixing layer is arranged between the inner wall of the sleeve and the sample, and the top end of the sample, the fixing layer and the top end of the sleeve are positioned on the same plane.

By arranging the clamping device, the fixing layer is filled between the sleeve and the sample, and a gap between the side surface of the sample and the sleeve is tightly sealed, so that the side surface of the sample is prevented from being contacted with a test solution to generate interference current and influence an evaluation result; only the top surface of the sample is contacted with the test solution and the erosion resistance performance is tested, so that the actual test area is the same as the calculated area, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the sleeve is provided with a through hole for a wire to pass through, one end of the wire is electrically connected to the sample, the outer wall of the wire outside the clamping device is provided with an insulating layer, and the outer wall of the wire inside the clamping device is wrapped with the fixing layer. The wire is directly connected with the sample through spot welding, and the position of the through hole on the sleeve is on the same plane with the welding position, so that the wire can be conveniently connected out without bending the wire, and the wire is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the wire is in a bending state for a long time. In addition, the outer wall of the wire outside the clamping device is provided with an insulating layer, and the outer wall of the wire inside the clamping device is wrapped with a fixing layer, so that the condition that the connecting part of the wire and the sample is easily corroded by test solution due to exposure is avoided.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the depth of the cavity is greater than the height of the test specimen, and the fixing layer is filled between the bottom of the test specimen and the bottom surface of the cavity. There is a distance between the bottom of sample and the sheathed tube bottom promptly, has the fixed bed of packing between the two bottom for the whole top surface of sample all wraps up by the fixed bed except, when avoiding the bottom of sample and sheathed tube bottom to contact, because the bottom unevenness of sample makes still there is less gap between the two, although the fixed bed can not fill this narrow and small gap completely, test solution can get into in this gap, thereby produces little current interference.

According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, an angle between a horizontal plane and a plane in which the top end of the sample and the top ends of the fixing layer and the sleeve are located is greater than or equal to 0 ° and less than 90 °. The range of the scouring angle to be tested for evaluating the scouring corrosion performance of the metal sample to be eroded clamped by the clamping device is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, and the corrosion resistance of the metal sample to be eroded is evaluated according to the scouring result under different angles.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the clamping device, which comprises the following steps: a lead penetrates through the through hole, and one end of the lead is electrically connected with the bottom of the sample; placing a sample into the casing and filling the fixing layer between the inner wall of the casing and the sample; and polishing the upper end parts of the sleeve, the fixed layer and the sample until the top ends of the sleeve, the fixed layer and the sample are positioned on the same plane.

In some embodiments of the invention, the material of the anchoring layer is preferably an epoxy resin, and a solution of the epoxy resin is added to the top of the submerged sample and allowed to set by standing. Through filling epoxy, can obtain sample, sleeve pipe and fixed layer after the solidification and be integrative clamping device, after epoxy solidifies, polish clamping device, until the top of sample, sleeve pipe and fixed layer is on the coplanar to according to the required angle when scouring the test at every turn, polish into the target angle with the planar inclination of top of three.

The invention also provides rotary disc type erosion equipment which comprises a rotary main shaft and a rotary disc, wherein the top end of the rotary main shaft is connected with a rotary guide rail, the bottom end of the rotary main shaft is connected with the rotary disc, the rotary guide rail is provided with a carbon brush, the rotary disc is provided with a groove, the groove is used for accommodating the clamping device, the rotary main shaft is provided with a first through groove, the rotary disc is provided with a second through groove, the second through groove is communicated with the first through groove and the groove, the first through groove and the second through groove are both used for accommodating the conducting wire, and one end of the conducting wire penetrates through the upper end of the first through groove and is electrically connected with the rotary guide rail. The first through groove and the second through groove for placing the conducting wire are arranged on the rotating main shaft and the rotating disc of the rotating disc type erosion equipment, so that the line is simple and convenient to disassemble; compare and install the wire inside equipment, install the wire and also be convenient for the dismantlement of sample on the equipment outer wall that the naked eye is visible, directly take off the wire, can easily take out the sample.

According to some preferred implementation aspects of the invention, the sleeve comprises a fixing piece located on the outer wall of the rotating disc, the fixing piece and the second through groove are located on two opposite sides of the groove respectively, the second through groove, the groove and the fixing piece are located in the same radial extending direction of the rotating disc, and one end of the fixing piece penetrates through the side wall of the rotating disc, extends into the groove and abuts against the outer wall of the sleeve. Before testing, the fixing piece is screwed down to abut against the outer wall of the sleeve, so that the whole clamping device is fixed, and the clamping device is prevented from loosening in the rotating process of the rotating disc; after the test is finished, the fixing piece is loosened, and the clamping device can be easily taken out.

According to some preferred implementation aspects of the invention, the first through groove is located on the outer wall of the rotating main shaft, the length extension direction of the first through groove is the same as that of the rotating main shaft, and the second through groove is located at the top end of the rotating disc; the cross sections of the first through groove and the second through groove are semicircular, and the diameters of the first through groove and the second through groove are smaller than the outer diameter of the lead. The first through groove and the second through groove are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the rotating main shaft and the rotating disc, so that the circuit of the lead is clear, and the lead is convenient to mount and dismount; the cross sections of the first through groove and the second through groove are semicircular, the diameters of the first through groove and the second through groove are the same and are smaller than the outer diameter of the lead, so that the lead can be just pressed into the first through groove and the second through groove by pressing; the both sides that first logical groove led to the groove with the second also are provided with the fixation clamp evenly at interval, because the external diameter of wire itself is greater than the diameter that first logical groove led to the groove with the second, can play limiting displacement, combines the second of fixation clamp to say the guard action, firmly restricts the wire in first logical groove and second logical groove.

According to some preferred implementation aspects of the invention, the electrochemical working station comprises a working electrode lead, an auxiliary electrode lead and a reference electrode lead, the solution tank is provided with a cover plate, and the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode are inserted in the cover plate; the upper end part of the reference electrode is electrically connected with the reference electrode lead, the upper end part of the auxiliary electrode is electrically connected with the auxiliary electrode lead, and the carbon brush is electrically connected with the working electrode lead. The clamping device which clamps the sample to be tested is used as a working electrode and is connected with a working electrode lead of an electrochemical workstation through a lead, a rotary guide rail and a carbon brush, and a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode which are arranged on a cover plate of the solution tank are also respectively connected with a corresponding reference electrode lead and an auxiliary electrode lead of the electrochemical workstation, so that the working circuit of the whole rotary disc type erosion device is connected to form a three-electrode electrochemical testing system together. During testing, a test solution is added into the solution tank, the cover plate is covered, all lines are connected, and the lower end parts of the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode and the rotating disc are immersed in the test solution.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the test sample, the sleeve and the fixing layer are sealed into a whole, and the fixing layer wraps the test sample, so that the influence of interference current generated after the side surface of the test sample is contacted with a test solution on the accuracy of a test result is avoided; through directly placing the wire in the first logical groove and the second logical groove of seting up on the erosion equipment for the circuit is succinct and the maintenance is dismantled conveniently, and the risk that the wire is corroded by test solution can still be reduced in whole erosion equipment's improvement.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a clamping device in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a clamping device in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a clamping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a rotary disk erosion device in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the rotating assembly in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of the rotating assembly in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the rotating assembly in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

in the drawings: 1-clamping device, 11-sleeve, 12-fixed layer, 13-sample, 14-through hole, 15-lead, 2-rotating spindle, 21-first through groove, 3-rotating disk, 31-groove, 32-second through groove, 4-rotating guide rail, 5-carbon brush, 6-fixed part, 7-electrochemical workstation, 71-working electrode lead, 72-auxiliary electrode lead, 73-reference electrode lead, 8-solution groove, 9-cover plate, 91-reference electrode, 92-auxiliary electrode, 10-motor.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not a whole embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the rotary disk type erosion apparatus of the present embodiment includes conventional components such as a rotary assembly, a solution tank 8, and an electrochemical workstation 7, a holding device 1 for holding a sample 13, and a fixing member 6 provided on an outer wall of a rotary disk 3. As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the rotating assembly includes a rotating spindle 2 and a rotating disk 3. The top end of the rotating main shaft 2 is connected with a rotating guide rail 4, a carbon brush 5 is arranged on the rotating guide rail 4, the top end of the rotating guide rail 4 is connected with a motor 10, and the motor 10 is used for driving the rotating main shaft 2 and the rotating disc 3 to rotate; the bottom end of the rotating main shaft 2 is connected with the rotating disc 3, and the rotating disc 3 is provided with a groove 31 for placing the clamping device 1. The solution tank 8 is placed on a support frame, the solution tank 8 is filled with a test solution, the solution tank 8 is provided with a cover plate 9, a reference electrode 91 and an auxiliary electrode 92 are inserted on the cover plate 9, the bottoms of the reference electrode 91 and the auxiliary electrode 92 are immersed in the test solution, the reference electrode 91 in the embodiment is a saturated calomel electrode, and the auxiliary electrode 92 is a graphite rod. Electrochemical workstation 7 includes working electrode lead 71, auxiliary electrode lead 72, and reference electrode lead 73. The whole clamping device 1 for clamping the sample 13 to be tested is a working electrode, the other end of a lead 15 connected with the sample 13 is electrically connected with the rotating guide rail 4, the rotating guide rail 4 is electrically connected with the carbon brush 5, and a working electrode lead 71 is electrically connected with the carbon brush 5; the upper ends of the reference electrode 91 and the auxiliary electrode 92 are electrically connected with the reference electrode lead 73 and the auxiliary electrode lead 72 of the electrochemical workstation 7 respectively, so as to form a three-electrode electrochemical testing system.

First logical groove 21 has been seted up on the outer wall of rotatory main shaft 2, and its length extending direction is the same with the length extending direction of rotatory main shaft 2, has seted up second through groove 32 on the top of rotating disc 3, and first logical groove 21 and recess 31 are communicated to second through groove 32, and first logical groove 21 all is used for holding wire 15 with second through groove 32. The cross sections of the first through groove 21 and the second through groove 32 are semicircular, the diameters of the first through groove 21 and the second through groove 32 are smaller than the outer diameter of the lead 15, and the lead 15 can be pressed into the first through groove 21 and the second through groove 32 by pressing with a human hand. The outer diameter of the lead 15 is larger than the diameters of the first through groove 21 and the second through groove 32, so that a certain limiting effect can be achieved; in addition, the fixing clips are uniformly arranged on both sides of the first through groove 21 and the second through groove 32 at intervals, so that the lead 15 can be hooked, and the lead 15 can be prevented from being thrown out due to the centrifugal force when the rotating disc 3 rotates. The fixing piece 6 and the second through groove 32 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the groove 31, the fixing piece 6 and the second through groove are located in the same radius extending direction of the rotating disc 3, one end of the fixing piece 6 penetrates through the side wall of the rotating disc 3 and extends into the groove 31, and the fixing effect on the clamping device 1 is achieved.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the holder 1 for the sample 13 includes a polytetrafluoroethylene sleeve 11 which is resistant to acids, alkalis and various organic solvents and thus is not corroded by the test solution. The sleeve 11 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the sample 13, the depth of the cavity is greater than the height of the sample 13, and a fixing layer 12 formed by curing epoxy resin is arranged between the inner wall of the sleeve 11 and the sample 13. A through hole 14 for a lead 15 to penetrate through is formed in the sleeve 11, one end of the lead 15 is electrically connected with the sample 13 in a spot welding mode, and the other end of the lead 15 penetrates through the upper end of the first through groove 21 and is electrically connected with the rotary guide rail 4; the outer wall of the wire 15 outside the clamping device 1 is provided with an insulating layer, and the outer wall inside the clamping device 1 is wrapped with a fixing layer 12. During testing, the top end of the sample 13, the top end of the fixed layer 12 and the top end of the sleeve 11 are located on the same plane, an included angle between the plane where the top ends of the sample 13, the fixed layer 12 and the sleeve 11 are located and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and a testing angle of the erosion corrosion resistance of the metal material is 30-60 degrees. Clamping device 1 places in recess 31 on rotating disc 3 when the test, and the one end of mounting 6 runs through behind the lateral wall of rotating disc 3 and is inconsistent (support tight contact) with the outer wall of sleeve pipe 11, fixes clamping device 1 in the testing process, prevents that it from taking place to rock the angle that leads to sample 13 to be washed out and changing in the rotating process of rotating disc 3, makes final test result inaccurate.

The working process of performing an electrochemical test to evaluate the erosion resistance of the sample by using the rotating disc type erosion apparatus of this embodiment is as follows: the clamping device 1 is placed in the groove 31, the lead 15 which penetrates out of the through hole 14 is pressed into the first through groove 21 and the second through groove 32, and the other end of the lead 15 is electrically connected with the rotating guide rail 4. Pouring the test solution into the solution tank 8, immersing the rotating disk in the test solution, covering the cover plate 9, inserting the reference electrode 91 and the auxiliary electrode 92 on the cover plate 9, and adjusting the heights of the reference electrode 91 and the auxiliary electrode 92 on the cover plate 9 to immerse the bottoms of the two in the test solution. The working electrode lead 71 of the electrochemical workstation 7 is connected with the carbon brush 5, the reference electrode lead 73 is connected with the upper end of the reference electrode 91, the auxiliary electrode lead 72 is connected with the upper end of the auxiliary electrode 92, the switch of the electrochemical workstation 7 and the switch of the rotary disc are turned on, a working circuit is switched on, and the rotating speed knob of the rotary disc 3 is adjusted to a proper rotating speed value, so that the test can be started.

Example two:

in an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing the clamping device as described above, including the steps of:

and (3) a lead 15 penetrates through the through hole 14 of the sleeve 11, the end part of the lead 15, which is positioned in the cavity of the sleeve 11, is pulled out to the opening at the top of the sleeve 11 so as to weld the lead 15 and the sample 13, after the welding is finished, the sample 13 is placed into the sleeve 11, the lead 15 is straightened, and the sample 13 is fixed by hand so that a certain distance is reserved between the bottom end of the sample 13 and the bottom end of the sleeve 11. And pouring the prepared epoxy resin solution into a gap between the sample 13 and the inner wall of the sleeve 11 until the solution is immersed in the top of the sample 13, standing for a period of time, and curing the epoxy resin to form the fixed layer 12. According to the required angle of washing away of sample 13 test, polish sleeve pipe 11, fixed layer 12 and the upper end of sample 13, make the top of three be in the coplanar, and the contained angle between this plane and the horizontal plane is the test angle, and this clamping device 1 prepares promptly and accomplishes.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.