阅读说明：本技术 一种大型风力风电机组降载及安全控制系统及方法 (Load reduction and safety control system and method for large wind turbine generator ) 是由 宁琨 曾一鸣 苏坤林 张坤 郭自强 王清照 杨鹤立 李玉霞 廖如霞 贾君实 于 2019-11-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种大型风力风电机组降载及安全控制系统,属于风力发电与测控的技术领域,包括雷达测距装置、数据处理装置、安全距离预警装置和风电机组主控装置,该风电机组主控装置对风电机组的变桨状态进行控制；所述雷达测距装置用于对风电机组中各支叶片的距离数据进行实时采集；所述数据处理装置用于处理经雷达测距装置所采集的距离数据,并获取有效的运行轨迹数据；所述安全距离预警装置用于对运行轨迹数据进行分析,判断风电机组是否处于安全状态并反馈结果至风电机组主控装置,以达到安装维护简单可靠,能够对风机的整体运行状态进行检测,提前进行降载控制,杜绝风电机组在运行过程中风机与塔筒相撞事故发生的目的。(The invention discloses a load shedding and safety control system for a large-scale wind turbine generator, which belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, measurement and control and comprises a radar ranging device, a data processing device, a safety distance early warning device and a wind turbine generator main control device, wherein the wind turbine generator main control device controls the variable pitch state of the wind turbine generator; the radar ranging device is used for acquiring distance data of each blade in the wind turbine generator in real time; the data processing device is used for processing the distance data acquired by the radar ranging device and acquiring effective running track data; the safe distance early warning device is used for analyzing the operation track data, judging whether the wind turbine generator is in a safe state or not and feeding back a result to the main control device of the wind turbine generator, so that the purposes of simple and reliable installation and maintenance, detection of the whole operation state of the fan, load reduction control in advance and prevention of the occurrence of the collision accident of the fan and the tower drum of the wind turbine generator in the operation process are achieved.)

1. The load shedding and safety control system for the large wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising a radar ranging device, a data processing device, a safety distance early warning device and a wind turbine generator main control device which are sequentially in communication connection, wherein the wind turbine generator main control device controls the variable pitch state of the wind turbine generator through the feedback result of the safety distance early warning device;

the radar ranging device is used for acquiring distance data of each blade in the wind turbine generator in real time;

the data processing device is used for processing the distance data acquired by the radar ranging device and acquiring effective running track data;

the safe distance early warning device is used for analyzing the running track data, judging whether the wind turbine generator is in a safe state and feeding back a result to the main control device of the wind turbine generator.

2. The load shedding and safety control system for the large-scale wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, further comprising a data storage and management device in communication connection with the safety distance early warning device, wherein the data storage and management device is used for storing and managing the operation track data of the safety distance early warning device.

3. The load shedding and safety control system for the large-scale wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the radar ranging devices are uniformly and symmetrically distributed in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the tower barrel of the wind turbine generator, and the height of each radar ranging device is the height of the blade tip of the blade of the wind turbine generator.

4. The system for load shedding and safety control of a large wind turbine generator according to claim 3, wherein each radar ranging device obtains data of the distance from the blade tip of each blade to the tower in the wind turbine generator in real time by a millimeter wave method.

5. The load shedding and safety control system of a large-scale wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the data processing device performs cleaning, classification and statistical analysis on the distance data acquired by the radar ranging device through a first intelligent algorithm, and fits the moving trajectory data of each blade in the wind turbine generator.

6. The system according to claim 2, wherein the data storage and management device performs statistical analysis on the operation track data of the blades in the wind turbine, and performs prospective analysis on the operation state of the blades of the wind turbine through a second intelligent algorithm.

7. A load shedding and safety control method for a large wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) ensuring that the wind turbine generator is in a safe shutdown state and the radar ranging is in a normal working state;

(2) the wind turbine generator is switched to a normal working state, and distance data from the blade tips of all the blades in the wind turbine generator to a tower barrel are collected through radar ranging;

(3) processing the distance data acquired by radar ranging through an intelligent algorithm to obtain effective distance data of the wind turbine generator;

(4) fitting the running track data of each blade in the wind turbine generator through the effective distance data;

(5) analyzing the running track data, judging whether the distance from each blade to the tower drum in the wind turbine generator is within a safe distance, and if so, repeating the step (2) to the step (5); and if not, feeding back the analysis result to a main control device of the wind turbine generator, performing pitch control on the wind turbine generator, and repeating the step (2) to the step (5).

8. The load shedding and safety control method for the large-scale wind turbine generator according to claim 7, wherein the step (4) specifically comprises:

1) the effective distance data is summarized and stored, and a distance database is established;

2) and fitting the running state of each blade in the wind turbine generator by utilizing the distance database and analyzing through a third intelligent algorithm to obtain running track data.

9. The load shedding and safety control method for large wind turbine generator according to claim 8, wherein the step (4) further comprises: and carrying out statistical analysis on the running track data of the blades in the wind turbine generator, and carrying out prospective analysis on the running state of the blades of the wind turbine generator through a fourth intelligent algorithm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation and measurement and control, and particularly relates to a load reduction and safety control system and method for a large-scale wind turbine generator.

Background

Along with the rapid progress of science and technology, the technology is increasingly innovated, and the wind power industry is rapidly developed. On one hand, wind energy can be regarded as inexhaustible clean energy in nature; on the other hand, global energy crisis and environmental problems become more serious day by day, and wind power is paid attention to the industry by countries in the world due to mature technical conditions and large-scale wind power.

The natural wind resources can be said to be unlimited, but the land available to build wind farms is limited. How to utilize wind energy more reasonably on limited land is worth thinking. People find a solution, namely, a wind turbine generator (called a wind turbine generator for short) is continuously developed towards the direction of large megawatt, large impeller and light weight. The capacity of the wind turbine generator is developed from the initial 1MW to the current 10MW, even 12MW, and reaches a magnitude change.

With the increase in fan capacity, fan towers have become taller and taller, as have fan blades. The wind field environment is usually very bad, and the working condition environment of the wind turbine generator is complex and changeable, so that the fan is easy to break down. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine generator in the design life cycle, the load reduction control of the wind turbine generator is very important.

Therefore, it is necessary to improve the safety and stability of the operation of the wind turbine generator by reducing the load of the wind turbine generator. At present, the load sensor is arranged on each important large component to collect the load data of the fan. The real-time load reduction control on the running state of the whole fan cannot be realized, and generally, when a load sensor monitors that the load of the wind turbine exceeds the safety protection range in the normal running process of the wind turbine, the wind turbine usually stops and moves forward to ensure the safety of the wind turbine, so that the power generation time of the wind turbine is reduced, and the economy of a wind power plant is not facilitated. On one hand, when the load of the fan changes, the distance from the fan blade to the tower drum of the fan is changed firstly, and the blade tip part of the fan blade has the greatest influence in the fan blade; on the other hand, along with the increase of the fan capacity, the length of the fan blade is increased, the wind turbine generator normally operates under the condition that the blades of the wind turbine generator are in a fully-open state, and along with the complexity and changeability of the external environment, the blade tip part of the blade is easy to collide with a tower barrel, so that serious safety accidents are caused.

In view of the above problems, it is urgently needed to improve the technology to realize the load shedding control and ensure the safe operation of the wind turbine.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a load shedding and safety control system and method for a large wind turbine generator, so as to achieve the purposes of simple and reliable installation and maintenance, capability of detecting the overall operation state of a wind turbine, performing load shedding control in advance, and preventing the wind turbine generator from colliding with a tower during operation.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a load shedding and safety control system for a large wind turbine generator comprises a radar ranging device, a data processing device, a safety distance early warning device and a wind turbine generator main control device which are sequentially in communication connection, wherein the wind turbine generator main control device controls the variable pitch state of the wind turbine generator through the feedback result of the safety distance early warning device;

the radar ranging device is used for acquiring distance data of each blade in the wind turbine generator in real time;

the data processing device is used for processing the distance data acquired by the radar ranging device and acquiring effective running track data;

the safe distance early warning device is used for analyzing the running track data, judging whether the wind turbine generator is in a safe state and feeding back a result to the main control device of the wind turbine generator.

And the data storage and management device is in communication connection with the safe distance early warning device and is used for storing and managing the running track data of the safe distance early warning device.

Further, radar range unit is even symmetric distribution in the outer wall circumferential direction of a tower section of thick bamboo among wind turbine generator system, and each radar range unit's the blade tip department height that highly is wind turbine generator system to realize that radar range unit can accurate measurement each distance data of blade, and be convenient for the later stage maintain.

Furthermore, each radar ranging device acquires the distance data from the blade tip of each blade to the tower drum in the wind turbine generator in real time by a millimeter wave method, so that the accuracy and reliability of the distance data measurement can be ensured.

Furthermore, the data processing device carries out cleaning, classification and statistical analysis on distance data acquired by the radar ranging device through a first intelligent algorithm, the data processing device fits the running track data of each blade in the wind turbine generator set, a data base is provided for safety distance early warning in the later period, and the first intelligent algorithm comprises data preprocessing, invalid data elimination and characteristic data classification.

Furthermore, the data storage and management device performs statistical analysis on the operation track data of the blades in the wind turbine generator, and performs prospective analysis on the operation state of the blades of the wind turbine generator through a second intelligent algorithm to achieve fault prediction analysis on the operation of the wind turbine generator, wherein the second intelligent algorithm comprises blade track capture, data association and tracking filtering.

The invention also provides a load shedding and safety control method for the large wind turbine generator, which comprises the following steps:

(1) ensuring that the wind turbine generator is in a safe shutdown state and the radar ranging is in a normal working state;

(2) the wind turbine generator is switched to a normal working state, and distance data from the blade tips of all the blades in the wind turbine generator to a tower barrel are collected through radar ranging;

(3) the distance data acquired by radar ranging are processed through a third intelligent algorithm to obtain effective distance data of the wind turbine generator, specifically, the third intelligent algorithm obtains a running track of the front end of the blade through radar wave tracking, and blade camber information is obtained according to the blade structure and the load distribution characteristic;

(4) fitting the running track data of each blade in the wind turbine generator through the effective distance data;

(5) analyzing the running track data, judging whether the distance from each blade to the tower drum in the wind turbine generator is within a safe distance, and if so, repeating the step (2) to the step (5); and if not, feeding back the analysis result to a main control device of the wind turbine generator, performing pitch control on the wind turbine generator, and repeating the step (2) to the step (5).

Further, the step (4) specifically includes:

1) the effective distance data is summarized and stored, and a distance database is established;

2) and fitting the running state of each blade in the wind turbine generator by utilizing the distance database and analyzing through an advanced intelligent algorithm to obtain running track data.

Further, the step (4) further comprises: the method comprises the steps of carrying out statistical analysis on running track data of blades in a wind turbine generator, carrying out prospective analysis on the running state of the blades of the wind turbine generator through a fourth intelligent algorithm to achieve fault prediction analysis on the running of the wind turbine generator, fitting the fourth intelligent algorithm with information such as rotating speed, wind speed, power, yaw angle and air density with the blade track and camber data through a SVR model to predict blade tip clearance, and avoiding risk behaviors through strategies such as reducing the rotating speed when the predicted blade clearance distance reaches a tower-sweeping risk range.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the load shedding and safety control system for the large wind turbine generator mainly comprises a radar ranging device, a data processing device, a safety distance early warning device, a data storage and management device and a wind turbine generator main control device, is simple in installation structure and convenient for later maintenance, can monitor the whole operation state of the wind turbine generator in real time, controls the load shedding in real time and guarantees the safe operation of the wind turbine generator, and has higher reliability compared with the prior art that a load sensor is installed to collect fan load data.

2. By adopting the load shedding and safety control method for the large-scale wind turbine generator, the distance data from the blade tips of each blade in the wind turbine generator to the tower barrel is measured in real time through radar ranging, the effective distance data is obtained through processing and analyzing the distance data, the running state of each blade of the wind turbine generator is fitted through an algorithm so as to judge whether the distance from each blade to the tower barrel in the wind turbine generator is in a safe distance or not, then the pitch control is carried out on the wind turbine generator so as to reduce the load of the wind turbine generator or increase the distance from the blade to the tower barrel, the collision accident of the fan blade and the tower barrel is prevented, the whole running state of the fan can be monitored in real time, and the collision accident of the fan and the tower barrel in the running process of the wind turbine generator is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of a load shedding and safety control system of a large wind turbine generator set provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the work of the load shedding and safety control method for the large wind turbine generator set provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar modules or modules having the same or similar functionality throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the application include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.