阅读说明：本技术 一种提高竖井***振动频率的***方法 (Blasting method for improving vibration frequency of shaft blasting ) 是由 闫鸿浩 宋鑫华 姜殿科 吴港 于海常 周明 李铁英 刘利斌 李成 丁晋 陈希泉 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种提高竖井爆破振动频率的爆破方法,所钻的孔成矩阵排列,每列孔中,相邻两个孔的间距均相同且间距为0.8～1.2m；每行孔中,相邻两个孔的间距均相同且间距为0.8～1m；每个孔内填埋0.075～1.20kg炸药；每个孔内的炸药连接于Ms-8非电导爆管雷管；每列孔中,相邻两孔雷管通过Ms-4非电导爆管雷管连接；末行孔中,相邻两孔雷管通过Ms-5非电导爆管雷管连接；对首行首列孔内的Ms-8非电导爆管雷管进行引爆即可引爆所有炸药；采用本发明方法可提高竖井爆破的爆破频率。(The invention discloses a blasting method for improving the blasting vibration frequency of a vertical shaft, wherein drilled holes are arranged in a matrix, and in each row of holes, the distance between two adjacent holes is the same and is 0.8-1.2 m; in each row of holes, the distance between two adjacent holes is the same and is 0.8-1 m; 0.075-1.20 kg of explosive is buried in each hole; the explosive in each hole is connected to an Ms-8 non-electrically conductive detonator; in each row of holes, two adjacent holes of detonators are connected through Ms-4 non-electric detonator; in the last row of holes, two adjacent holes of detonators are connected through Ms-5 non-conductive blasting cap detonators; detonating Ms-8 non-electric detonator in the first row of holes to detonate all explosives; the method of the invention can improve the blasting frequency of shaft blasting.)

1. A blasting method for improving the vibration frequency of shaft blasting is characterized in that a drilling mode in a shaft blasting area is as follows:

the drilled holes are arranged in a matrix, and in each row of holes, the distance between two adjacent holes is the same and is 0.8-1.2 m; in each row of holes, the distance between two adjacent holes is the same and is 0.8-1 m;

0.075-1.20 kg of explosive is buried in each hole;

the explosive in each hole is connected to an Ms-8 non-electrically conductive detonator; in each row of holes, the Ms-8 non-electric detonator of two adjacent holes are connected through the Ms-4 non-electric detonator; in the last row of holes, Ms-8 non-electric detonator detonators of two adjacent holes are connected through Ms-5 non-electric detonator detonators;

the propagation delay of two Ms-8 non-electric detonator of the adjacent holes in each row of holes is set to be 75 +/-15 Ms;

the propagation delay of two Ms-8 non-electric detonator of the adjacent hole in the last row of holes is set as 110 +/-15 Ms;

the detonation delay of the Ms-8 non-electric detonator in each hole to the explosive is set to be 250 +/-25 Ms;

the detonation mode is as follows: and detonating the Ms-8 non-electric detonator in the first row and the first column of holes.

2. A blasting method for increasing vibration frequency of shaft blasting according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the drilled hole is 25 to 42 mm.

3. A blasting method for increasing vibration frequency of shaft blasting according to claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the axial direction of the drilled hole to the horizontal plane is 55 ° to 90 °.

4. A blasting method for increasing vibration frequency of shaft blasting according to claim 3, wherein the depth of the drilled hole is 1.0-2.8 m.

5. A blasting method for increasing the vibration frequency of shaft blasting according to claim 1 or 4, wherein a total of 10 rows and 10 columns of holes are provided.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a blasting construction technology used in urban underground space development, in particular to a blasting method for improving vertical shaft blasting vibration frequency.

Background

With the acceleration of the urbanization process in China, the development of underground spaces is a trend. Underground space engineering such as urban facilities and traffic is continuously rising, and the drilling and blasting method is widely adopted in the underground space engineering due to the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and the like. In the construction of underground space engineering, however, shaft excavation is inevitable, and the shaft is often in a surrounding complex environment, so that a large number of buildings and structures are protected. The drilling and blasting method can cause blasting vibration effect to influence the stability of surface buildings to a certain extent. The blasting vibration effect is related to the frequency characteristic of the seismic waves, and when the natural frequency of the building is equal to or close to the main frequency of the blasting vibration waves, the smaller blasting vibration can also generate the stronger blasting vibration effect, so that the building is damaged. Therefore, one of the keys of how to control the blasting vibration effect is to improve the blasting vibration frequency to be higher than the natural frequency of the building, so that the blasting vibration effect is weakened, and the method has important engineering practice value for protecting surrounding buildings in the construction process of urban underground space.

Factors affecting the blasting vibration frequency mainly include the following, and the influence of the factors on the blasting vibration dominant frequency is qualitatively analyzed from the blasting mode (time delay interval time), the mining method, the absolute distance from the blasting source, the number of blasting sections and the site condition (propagation medium) in document 1 ("blasting vibration frequency influence factor analysis", Li Xiaolin, Liaoning engineering technology university school newspaper, No. 2, pages 204 and 206, 2006).

Document 2 ("study and application of blasting vibration frequency regulation and control technology", applied to shifu, engineering blasting, phase 2, page 54, 59, 2012) studies the frequency spectrum characteristics of blasting vibration by applying a mechanical vibration control theory, and finds that an earthquake caused by delayed blasting is formed by superposition of vibration waves of two different energy spectrums, namely hole-by-hole rock breaking vibration and hole-to-hole delayed vibration. And (3) taking delayed detonation vibration as a control fundamental wave, converting hole-by-hole rock breaking vibration waves into harmonic wave analysis, and synthesizing and mixing by using a Doppler effect generated by a seismic source to realize vibration wave frequency shift. Therefore, the basic theory and the design method of blasting vibration dynamic response control are established and successfully applied to rock-soil blasting and demolition blasting.

Document 3 ("test and study of blasting vibration frequency characteristics", guo, chinese mining, 9 th, page 68, 70, 2004) studies the blasting vibration frequency characteristics by using the dominant frequency and the dominant frequency band as characteristic parameters, and more fully reflects the law of the blasting vibration frequency.

Document 4 ("theoretical analysis of the damping mechanism and damping law of the blasting vibration frequency", luwen wave, blasting, phase 2, page 1, 6, 2013) establishes a spectral expression of the blasting vibration in the actual rock mass medium under the blasting condition of the spherical cartridge by introducing a medium damping term based on a theoretical solution of the spherical cartridge excited stress wave in the elastic medium and a spectral expression thereof, and further analyzes the damping mechanism and the influence factor of the blasting vibration frequency.

Document 5 ("impact of blasting vibration frequency on adjacent buildings", showa, beijing force society, proceedings of the 17 th academic year, p 202, 204, 2011) starts from the particularity of blasting earthquake, analyzes the cause of damage to buildings in consideration of the impact of main frequency and duration on the buildings, and finally provides several methods for ensuring the safety of the buildings.

The measures for controlling the blasting vibration effect by analyzing the blasting vibration frequency have certain effects. However, for the vertical shaft, when the surrounding rock is in IV-V level change, a good method for improving the blasting vibration frequency is not seen.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that blasting vibration is large and the vibration frequency is less than 50Hz in the conventional shaft blasting, and provides a blasting construction method capable of improving the blasting vibration frequency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a blasting method for improving the vibration frequency of shaft blasting comprises the following steps of:

the drilled holes are arranged in a matrix, and in each row of holes, the distance between two adjacent holes is the same and is 0.8-1.2 m; in each row of holes, the distance between two adjacent holes is the same and is 0.8-1 m;

0.075-1.20 kg of explosive is buried in each hole;

the explosive in each hole is connected to an Ms-8 non-electrically conductive detonator; in each row of holes, the Ms-8 non-electric detonator of two adjacent holes are connected through the Ms-4 non-electric detonator; in the last row of holes, Ms-8 non-electric detonator detonators of two adjacent holes are connected through Ms-5 non-electric detonator detonators;

the propagation delay of two Ms-8 non-electric detonator of the adjacent holes in each row of holes is set to be 75 +/-15 Ms;

the propagation delay of two Ms-8 non-electric detonator of the adjacent hole in the last row of holes is set as 110 +/-15 Ms;

the detonation delay of the Ms-8 non-electric detonator in each hole to the explosive is set to be 250 +/-25 Ms;

the detonation mode is as follows: and detonating the Ms-8 non-electric detonator in the first row and the first column of holes.

The diameter of the drilled hole is 25-42 mm; the inclination angle between the axial direction of the drill hole and the horizontal plane is 55-90 degrees; the depth of the drilled hole is 1.0-2.8 m.

There are 10 rows and 10 columns of holes in total.

The invention has the advantages that the method can indeed generate larger vibration frequency by adopting a specific arrangement mode, an arrangement interval and a detonator connection mode through test inspection. For the arrangement blasting of the detonator again, other special equipment is not needed, only the differential detonation technology of the detonator inside and outside the hole is relied on, after blasting, the vibration frequency is improved and is higher than the natural frequency of the building, the safety of the surrounding building can be well ensured, and the blasting method is well applied to the blasting construction of the vertical shaft.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of a borehole made by the method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the X-direction monitoring result of the field blasting vibration by using a blasting vibration meter;

FIG. 3 is a Y-direction monitoring result of the field blasting vibration using a blasting vibration meter;

fig. 4 is a Z-direction monitoring result of field blasting vibration using a blasting vibration meter.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Engineering geological features, strongly weathered slate, tan-yellow-grey-brown, and a residual argillaceous structure; the main mineral component of the plate-shaped structure is clay mineral, joint cracks develop, and the core is in a shape of a fragment, a block and a thin cake, is difficult to drill by impact and is easy to disintegrate when meeting water. Apoplexy induced slate: grayish yellow-gray, variable argillaceous structure, platy structure, bedding and joint crack development, main mineral components are clay minerals, quartz veins are partially sandwiched, and a rock core is in a cake shape and in a short column shape.

As shown in FIG. 1, firstly, the diameter of a drilled hole is set to be 42mm, the inclination angle between the axial direction and the horizontal plane is set to be 75 degrees, and the hole depth is set to be 1.0 m; the Ms-8 non-conductive detonator is used for detonating explosive in holes, the Ms-4 non-conductive detonator is used for series connection in rows, the Ms-5 non-conductive detonator is used for row connection, and the connection position is the final row.

Considering the stability of surrounding rocks, 10 rows and 10 columns of holes are symmetrically distributed in a vertical shaft, the size of each row and each column is a multiplied by b, and the size of the section of the tunnel is W multiplied by L.

And drilling holes on the cross section of the tunnel according to design requirements. The drilling parameters are as follows: the distance between adjacent holes in each column and each row is 1.0m, and the medicine loading of each hole is 0.075 kg.

The propagation delay of two Ms-8 non-electric detonator of the adjacent holes in each row of holes is set as 75 Ms;

the propagation delay of two Ms-8 non-electric detonator of the adjacent hole in the last row of holes is set as 110 Ms;

the Ms-8 non-electric detonator in each hole delays the detonation of the explosive for 250 Ms;

the Ms-8 non-electric detonator in the first row of holes (the leftmost row and the uppermost row in the figure) is detonated, and the detonation process is transferred to other holes to complete the total detonation.

And finally, performing on-site blasting vibration monitoring by using a blasting vibration meter, wherein the working surface of the vertical shaft is 8 meters lower than the shaft opening, and the vertical shaft is horizontally moved outwards by 10 meters (at a gas pipeline) together with the test. The radial frequency of the vibration spectrum is 166.67Hz in the X direction, 52.632Hz in the Y direction and 83.333Hz in the Z direction, the vibration frequency of the vibration spectrum in the three directions is greater than 50Hz and higher than the natural frequency of a building by 3-5 Hz, the vibration spectrum of the speed is shown in the following figures 2-4, and the maximum speed is 2.2926cm/s in the Z direction.

The embodiment of the invention provides a blasting construction method for improving blasting vibration frequency, which can improve the blasting vibration frequency by blasting the blasting area of a vertical shaft according to a set strategy without other special equipment and only depending on the differential detonation technology of detonators inside and outside a hole, and is well applied to the blasting construction of the vertical shaft. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, safe and controllable, has a good blasting effect, and can well control the influence of the blasting vibration effect on the protected object.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.