阅读说明：本技术 可回收探空仪、系统及回收方法 (Recoverable sonde, system and recovery method ) 是由 闫峰 杨燕初 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提供了一种可回收探空仪。可回收探空仪包括：机体(1),用于产生气动升力,机体(1)的升阻比大于第一预设值；尾翼舵面(2),设置在机体(1)的尾部；飞行控制计算机(3),设置在机体(1)上,用于根据探空仪与目标着陆点之间的方位信息及距离信息,计算尾翼舵面(2)的偏移量,根据偏移量控制尾翼舵面(2),以使得探空仪的实际着陆点与目标着陆点之间的距离小于第二预设值,并使得探空仪的着陆速度小于第三预设值。本公开还提供了一种可回收探空仪系统及回收方法。(The present disclosure provides a recoverable sonde. Recoverable sonde includes: the lift-drag ratio of the machine body (1) is greater than a first preset value; the empennage control surface (2) is arranged at the tail part of the machine body (1); and the flight control computer (3) is arranged on the machine body (1) and is used for calculating the offset of the empennage control surface (2) according to the azimuth information and the distance information between the sonde and the target landing point, and controlling the empennage control surface (2) according to the offset, so that the distance between the actual landing point of the sonde and the target landing point is smaller than a second preset value, and the landing speed of the sonde is smaller than a third preset value. The disclosure also provides a recyclable sonde system and a recycling method.)

1. A retrievable sonde comprising:

the aerodynamic lift generator comprises a generator body (1) for generating aerodynamic lift, wherein the lift-drag ratio of the generator body (1) is greater than a first preset value;

the empennage control surface (2) is arranged at the tail part of the machine body (1);

and the flight control computer (3) is arranged on the machine body (1) and is used for calculating the offset of the empennage control surface (2) according to the azimuth information and the distance information between the sonde and the target landing point, controlling the empennage control surface (2) according to the offset, so that the distance between the actual landing point of the sonde and the target landing point is smaller than a second preset value, and the landing speed of the sonde is smaller than a third preset value.

2. A retrievable sonde according to claim 1, wherein the sonde is connected to a sounding balloon, the flight control computer (3) controlling the tail control surface (2) according to the offset, comprising:

when the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the flight control computer (3) is used for controlling the empennage control surface (2) so as to enable the sonde to enter a gliding flying mode;

when the radial distance in the distance information is within a first preset range, the flight control computer (3) is used for controlling the empennage control surface (2) so as to enable the sonde to enter a hover descent mode;

and when the altitude distance in the distance information is within a second preset range, the flight control computer (3) is used for controlling the sonde to enter a slow descent mode.

3. The retrievable sonde of claim 2, wherein the sonde further comprises:

and the parachute (4) is used for opening the parachute (4) when the height distance in the distance information is within a second preset range, so that the sonde enters the slow descent mode.

4. A retrievable sonde according to claim 2, wherein the flight control computer (3) is also adapted to control the tail control surface (2) so that the sonde enters the slow descent mode.

5. The retrievable sonde of claim 1, wherein the sonde further comprises:

and the GPS (5) is used for positioning the actual landing site and generating the position information of the actual landing site.

6. The retrievable sonde of claim 1, wherein the sonde further comprises:

and the meteorological sensor (6) is arranged on the machine body (1) and is used for measuring the atmospheric physical parameters.

7. The retrievable sonde of claim 6, wherein the sonde further comprises:

the shell (7) is arranged outside the machine body (1) and forms a closed space with the machine body (1), and the flight control computer (3) and the meteorological sensor (6) are arranged in the closed space.

8. A retrievable sonde system comprising a sonde according to any one of claims 1-7, the retrievable sonde system further comprising a sonde balloon, a connecting line and a cutter, wherein:

the connecting rope is connected with the sounding balloon and the sounding instrument;

the cutter is arranged on the connecting rope, and when the sounding balloon explodes, the cutter is used for cutting off the connecting rope so as to separate the sounding balloon from the sonde.

9. A method of recovering a sonde according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:

the flight control computer (3) of the sonde calculates the offset of an empennage control surface (2) of the sonde according to the azimuth information and the distance information between the sonde and a target landing point;

and the flight control computer (3) controls the empennage control surface (2) according to the offset, so that the distance between the actual landing point of the sonde and the target landing point is smaller than a second preset value, and the landing speed of the sonde is smaller than a third preset value.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the flight control computer (3) controlling the tail control surface (2) in accordance with the offset comprises:

when the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the flight control computer (3) controls the empennage control surface (2) so that the sonde enters a gliding flight mode;

when the radial distance in the distance information is within a first preset range, the flight control computer (3) controls the empennage control surface (2) to enable the sonde to enter a hover descent mode;

and when the altitude distance in the distance information is within a second preset range, the flight control computer (3) controls the sonde to enter a slow descent mode.

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of flight control, in particular to a recoverable sonde, a system and a recovery method.

Background

The sounding system mainly comprises a sounding balloon and a sounding instrument and is used for detecting the instantaneous distribution condition of meteorological elements at any height in the high-altitude atmosphere. The sounding balloon carries the sonde to rise to about 30km high altitude from the ground, and the sonde detects factors such as air temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind direction and wind speed in the air in real time in the process of rising and transmits the factors back to ground receiving equipment. When the sounding balloon rises to about 30km high altitude, the sounding balloon expands to the limit, explodes and breaks under the action of internal pressure, the sonde falls off, and the single sounding process is finished.

The landing point of the sonde is completely random under the influence of wind in the falling process of the sonde, and after the sonde falls from high altitude, a meteorological sensor on the sonde can be damaged. Therefore, at present, no sonde is recovered and a large amount of abandoned sondes are generated after the sounding process in China is finished. Although the sonde is unfolded abroad and the sonde is recycled, a parachute device is added to the sonde in the related technology, and the sonde is recycled through positioning after falling to the ground. Although the damage degree of the meteorological sensor after falling to the ground can be reduced, the problem that the ground point of the sonde is far and difficult to recover still exists.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In view of the above problems, the present disclosure provides a recoverable sonde, a system and a recovery method to solve the above technical problems.

(II) technical scheme

The present disclosure provides a recoverable sonde, including: the lift-drag ratio of the body is greater than a first preset value; the empennage control surface is arranged at the tail part of the machine body; and the flight control computer is arranged on the machine body and used for calculating the offset of the empennage control surface according to the azimuth information and the distance information between the sonde and the target landing point, and controlling the empennage control surface according to the offset so as to enable the distance between the actual landing point of the sonde and the target landing point to be smaller than a second preset value and enable the landing speed of the sonde to be smaller than a third preset value.

Optionally, the sonde is connected to a sounding balloon, and the flight control computer controls the empennage control surface according to the offset, including: when the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the flight control computer is used for controlling the empennage control surface so that the sonde enters a gliding flying mode; when the radial distance in the distance information is within a first preset range, the flight control computer is used for controlling the empennage control surface so as to enable the sonde to enter a hover descending mode; and when the altitude distance in the distance information is within a second preset range, the flight control computer is used for controlling the sonde to enter a slow descent mode.

Optionally, the sonde further comprises: and the parachute is used for opening the parachute when the height distance in the distance information is within a second preset range, so that the sonde enters the slow descent mode.

Optionally, the flight control computer is further configured to control the empennage control surface to cause the sonde to enter the slow descent mode.

Optionally, the sonde further comprises: and the GPS is used for positioning the actual landing site and generating the position information of the actual landing site.

Optionally, the sonde further comprises: and the meteorological sensor is arranged on the machine body and is used for measuring the atmospheric physical parameters.

Optionally, the sonde further comprises: a housing disposed outside the body and forming an enclosed space with the body, the flight control computer and meteorological sensor) being disposed within the enclosed space.

The present disclosure also provides a recoverable sonde system, including above-mentioned sonde, recoverable sonde system still includes sounding balloon, connecting rope and cutterbar: the connecting rope is connected with the sounding balloon and the sounding instrument; the cutter is arranged on the connecting rope, and when the sounding balloon explodes, the cutter is used for cutting off the connecting rope so as to separate the sounding balloon from the sonde.

The present disclosure also provides a method for recovering a sonde as described above, including: the flight control computer of the sonde calculates the offset of an empennage control surface of the sonde according to the azimuth information and the distance information between the sonde and a target landing point; and the flight control computer controls the tail control surface according to the offset, so that the distance between the actual landing point of the sonde and the target landing point is smaller than a second preset value, and the landing speed of the sonde is smaller than a third preset value.

Optionally, the flight control computer controlling the tail control surface according to the offset includes: when the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the flight control computer controls the empennage control surface so that the sonde enters a gliding flight mode; when the radial distance in the distance information is within a first preset range, the flight control computer controls the empennage control surface to enable the sonde to enter a hover descent mode; and when the altitude distance in the distance information is within a second preset range, the flight control computer controls the sonde to enter a slow descent mode.

(III) advantageous effects

The recyclable sonde, the recyclable sonde system and the recyclable sonde recycling method have the following beneficial effects:

(1) by adopting the airframe and the empennage control surface with high lift-drag ratio, after the sounding process is finished, the sonde returns to the periphery of the sounding meteorological station through gliding flight for recycling, and the influence of the waste sonde on the ecological environment is eliminated;

(2) by controlling the landing range and landing speed of the sonde, the ground personnel, animals, buildings and the like are prevented from being injured by the sonde, and the use safety of the sonde is improved;

(3) through using the meteorological sensor and the flight controller in the stereoplasm casing protection sonde, the sonde after retrieving repeatedly usable has improved the economic value of sonde.

Drawings

Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a recoverable sonde provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 schematically illustrates a landing flow diagram of a recoverable sonde system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a recoverable sonde system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

fig. 4 schematically shows a flowchart of a method for recovering a sonde provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of reference numerals:

1-body; 2-tail rudder surface; 3-a flight control computer; 4-parachute; 5-GPS; 6-a meteorological sensor; 7-a housing; 11-sonde; 12-a sounding balloon; 13-connecting a rope; 14-cutter.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a recoverable sonde provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the recoverable sonde is described in detail with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2.

The recoverable sonde comprises a machine body 1, an empennage control surface 2, a flight control computer 3, a parachute 4, a Global Positioning System (GPS) 5, a meteorological sensor 6 and a shell 7.

The body 1 is used for generating aerodynamic lift, and the lift-drag ratio of the body 1 is greater than a first preset value so as to ensure that the body 1 has a high lift-drag ratio. The lift-drag ratio is the ratio of lift force to resistance force when the sonde flies, and the larger the lift-drag ratio is, the better the aerodynamic performance of the sonde is. The first preset value is, for example, 10. Other first preset values can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the description of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

The empennage control surface 2 is arranged at the tail part of the airframe 1 and is used for controlling pitching, yawing and tilting of the sonde so as to change the flight attitude of the sonde, thereby enhancing the flight stability of the sonde. The tail control surface 2 is, for example, a horizontal tail surface, a vertical tail surface, a V-shaped tail surface, or the like.

And the flight control computer 3 is arranged on the machine body 1 and used for calculating the offset of the empennage control surface 2 according to the azimuth information and the distance information between the sonde and the target landing point, and controlling the empennage control surface 2 according to the offset so as to enable the distance between the actual landing point of the sonde and the target landing point to be smaller than a second preset value and enable the landing speed of the sonde to be smaller than a third preset value. The target landing site is, for example, an sounding meteorological station or the like.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the machine body 1 is made of, for example, a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), the thickness of the Printed Circuit Board is, for example, 2mm, and the flight control computer 3 and the weather sensor 6 are, for example, soldered on the machine body 1.

The GPS5 is configured to locate an actual landing site to generate position information of the actual landing site, and send the position information of the actual landing site to a receiver at a target landing site, so that a recovery worker goes to the actual landing site recovery sonde according to the position information received by the receiver. It is understood that iridium or other positioning systems may be utilized in place of GPS5 for positioning in embodiments of the present disclosure.

The meteorological sensor 6 is arranged on the machine body 1 and is used for measuring atmospheric physical parameters. The atmospheric physical parameters include, for example, air temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, and the like in the air. Specifically, for example, before the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the meteorological sensor 6 measures the atmospheric physical parameter and transmits the measured atmospheric physical parameter to a receiving device of the target landing site or the like.

The housing 7 is arranged outside the machine body 1 and forms an enclosure with the machine body 1, for example with a part area of the machine body 1, in which enclosure the flight control computer 3, the parachute 4, the meteorological sensor 6 are enclosed. In the landing process of the sonde, the shell 7 protects the flight control computer 3, the meteorological sensor 6 and the like. The housing 7 is a hard housing made of nylon material, for example, and is lightweight.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a preset flight control program is stored in the flight control computer 3, the GPS5 can detect the GPS position, the attitude angle, and the like of the sonde in real time, and in the landing process of the sonde, the flight control computer 3 reads the information such as the GPS position, the attitude angle, and the like detected by the GPS5 in real time, and calculates the position, the distance, and the like between the sonde and the target landing site in real time according to the read information such as the GPS position, the attitude angle, and the like. Referring to fig. 2, the sonde is connected to the sounding balloon, and the flight control computer 3 controls the tail control surface 2 according to the offset in three stages: when the sounding balloon and the sonde reach the maximum height, the sounding balloon bursts, the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon at the moment, and the flight control computer 3 is used for controlling the empennage control surface 2 so that the sonde enters a gliding flying mode; when the radial distance of the distance information between the sonde and the target landing point is within a first preset range, the flight control computer 3 is used for controlling the empennage control surface 2 so as to enable the sonde to enter a hovering descending mode; and when the height distance of the distance information between the sonde and the target landing site is within a second preset range, the flight control computer 3 is used for controlling the sonde to enter a slow descent mode.

The first preset range is 1km for example, the second preset range is 100m for example, in this case, after the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the flight control computer 3 controls the offset of the empennage control surface 2 so as to enable the sonde to glide and fly, when the sonde enters a radius range of 1km with a target landing point as a circle center, the flight control computer 3 controls the offset of the empennage control surface 2 so as to enable the sonde to hover and descend, and when the height of the sonde from the ground is less than 100m, the flight control computer 3 controls the sonde to enter for slow descent, so that the sonde lands on the ground at a lower speed, the damage to the sonde is avoided, the distance between an actual landing point and the target landing point is smaller, and the recovery of a recovery person is facilitated. Those skilled in the art can obtain specific values of the other first preset range and the second preset range according to the description of the present disclosure.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, entering the slow descent mode by the sonde may include the following two cases: opening a slow-descent device (e.g., parachute 4) to enter a slow-descent mode; the slow descent mode is entered by controlling the tail control surface 2 without the aid of slow descent equipment.

Specifically, when the altitude distance of the distance information between the sonde and the target landing site is within a second preset range, the flight control computer 3 controls to open the parachute 4 so that the sonde enters a slow descent mode (e.g., glide landing).

It can be understood that, when the altitude distance of the distance information between the sonde and the target landing site is within the second preset range, the flight control computer 3 can also control the tail control surface 2 to make the sonde land in a gliding landing manner.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a structural diagram of a recoverable sonde system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. The recoverable sonde system is described in detail with reference to fig. 3.

The recoverable sonde system comprises the recoverable sonde 11 of the embodiment shown in fig. 1-2, and in addition the recoverable sonde system comprises a sounding balloon 12, a connecting line 13 and a cutter 14. A connecting rope 13 connects the sounding balloon 12 and the sonde 11, and a cutter 14 is provided on the connecting rope 13, the cutter 14 serving to cut the connecting rope 13 to separate the sounding balloon 12 and the sonde 11 when the sounding balloon 12 explodes.

The sounding balloon 12 is filled with, for example, hydrogen or helium gas, and is used to generate a buoyant lift force required for flight. The cutter 14 is, for example, an initiating explosive device cutter or the like, and is configured to cut the connecting rope 13 after the sounding process is completed, so that the sonde 11 enters the flight process shown in fig. 2. It will be appreciated that a mechanical structure or an electromagnetic separation device, etc. may be used instead of the cutter 14.

The working process of the recoverable sonde system is as follows: releasing the sounding balloon to lift off the sounding balloon carrying a sounding instrument with a high lift-drag ratio so as to execute a sounding task; when the sounding balloon rises to the maximum height which can be borne by the sounding balloon, the sounding balloon bursts, the sounding task is finished, and the flight control computer senses the falling acceleration and then sends a cutter actuation instruction to cut off a connecting rope between the sounding balloon and the sonde to separate the sounding balloon and the sonde; after the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the sonde is guided by a flight control computer and controls the yaw and the roll of the sonde with high lift-drag ratio by using an empennage control surface, so that the sonde enters a gliding flying mode and flies to a target landing point (for example, an initial flying station such as a sounding meteorological station); when the sonde enters a first preset range radius taking a target landing point as a circle center, the sonde enters a spiral descending mode; when the height between the sonde and the ground is within a second preset range, the sonde enters a slow descending mode, so that the sonde falls to the ground at a lower speed; and the recovery personnel go to the actual landing point to recover the sonde according to the GPS positioning on the sonde.

Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method for recovering the sonde shown in fig. 1-2 in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 4, the recycling method includes operations S410 to S420.

In operation S410, the flight control computer of the sonde calculates an offset of the tail control surface of the sonde according to the azimuth information and the distance information between the sonde and the target landing site.

In operation S420, the flight control computer controls the control surface of the empennage according to the offset amount, so that the distance between the actual landing point and the target landing point of the sonde is smaller than a second preset value, and the landing speed of the sonde is smaller than a third preset value.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the flight control computer controlling the tail control surface according to the offset comprises: when the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the flight control computer controls the empennage control surface so that the sonde enters a gliding flying mode; when the radial distance in the distance information is within a first preset range, the flight control computer controls the tail control surface to enable the sonde to enter a hovering descending mode; and when the altitude distance in the distance information is within a second preset range, the flight control computer controls the sonde to enter a slow descent mode.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the control of the sonde by the flight control computer to enter the slow descent mode comprises the following steps: the flight control computer controls to open the parachute so that the sonde enters a slow descent mode; or the flight control computer controls the offset of the tail control surface so that the sonde enters a glide landing mode and the like.

In summary, according to the recoverable sonde, the recoverable sonde system and the recoverable method provided by the present disclosure, after the sonde is separated from the sounding balloon, the sonde can be controlled to stably land in a range close to the meteorological sounding station at a lower speed, and on the basis of the lower landing speed, the protection of the housing is combined, so that the weather sensor and the flight controller are prevented from being damaged, the recovery of the weather sensor and the flight controller is realized, the landing point is controlled, and the recovery burden and the cost of the recovery personnel are reduced.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.