阅读说明：本技术 高指向性天线 (High directivity antenna ) 是由 万胜枝 吕宏晖 于 2018-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种高指向性天线,包括支撑介质、第一辐射单元及第二辐射单元。第一辐射单元位于支撑介质的前板面并具有馈入端部。第二辐射单元包括立体接地结构及第一接地片,立体接地结构与第一接地片连接形成具有开口的五个面的盒子,且立体接地结构具有前接地片,前接地片也位于支撑介质的前板面。馈入端部及前接地片是分别用以收发正负射频信号。较传统技术的同轴共线天线,本发明高指向性天线通过将馈入端部和前接地片共同位于支撑介质的前板面,而不是分开位于前板面及后板面,所以可以解决传统技术的缺点。(The invention relates to a high-directivity antenna which comprises a supporting medium, a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit. The first radiation unit is located on the front plate surface of the supporting medium and provided with a feed-in end portion. The second radiation unit comprises a three-dimensional grounding structure and a first grounding sheet, the three-dimensional grounding structure and the first grounding sheet are connected to form a box with five open sides, the three-dimensional grounding structure is provided with a front grounding sheet, and the front grounding sheet is also positioned on the front plate surface of the supporting medium. The feed-in end part and the front grounding plate are respectively used for receiving and transmitting positive and negative radio frequency signals. Compared with the coaxial collinear antenna in the prior art, the high-directivity antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the feed-in end part and the front grounding piece are positioned on the front plate surface of the supporting medium together instead of being positioned on the front plate surface and the rear plate surface separately, so that the defects in the prior art can be overcome.)

1. A high directivity antenna comprising:

a supporting medium, which is substantially plate-shaped, is made of non-conductive material, and includes a front plate surface, a rear plate surface, a left plate surface, a right plate surface, and a bottom plate surface;

the first radiation unit is made of conductive materials, is positioned on the front plate surface of the supporting medium and comprises a first radiation belt and a first radiation sheet which are arranged along a first direction, the first radiation belt is provided with a feed-in end part and a connection end part, and the connection end part is electrically connected with the first radiation sheet;

a second radiation unit made of conductive material, including a three-dimensional grounding structure, a first grounding strip and a second grounding strip, the first grounding strip and the second grounding strip are located on the back plate surface of the supporting medium and arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the three are electrically connected, the three-dimensional grounding structure is distributed on the front plate surface, the left plate surface, the right plate surface and the bottom plate surface of the supporting medium, and the three-dimensional grounding structure is connected with the first grounding strip to form a box with an opening and five surfaces, and the normal direction of the front plate surface is defined as a second direction, the projection of the first radiation strip and the first grounding strip in the second direction is overlapped, and the three-dimensional grounding structure has a front grounding strip located on the front plate surface, the feed-in end of the first radiation unit and the front grounding sheet of the second radiation unit are respectively used for receiving and transmitting positive and negative radio frequency signals.

2. The high directivity antenna of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional ground structure further has a left ground patch, a right ground patch and a bottom ground patch, the left ground patch is located on the left surface of the supporting medium, the right ground patch is located on the right surface of the supporting medium, the bottom ground patch is located on the bottom surface of the supporting medium, and the bottom ground patch is connected to the front ground patch, the left ground patch, the right ground patch and the first ground patch to form the five-sided and open-ended box together.

3. The high directivity antenna of claim 2, wherein the length of each of the front ground plate, the left ground plate and the right ground plate in the first direction is defined as a length L1, the length of the first ground plate in the first direction is defined as a length L2, and then r is L1/L2, r is substantially 0.3.

4. The high directivity antenna of claim 3, wherein the first radiation strip is substantially a straight line extending along the first direction, and the feeding end and the connecting end are respectively located at two opposite ends of the straight line, the feeding end and the front ground pad being spaced apart and adjacent to each other.

5. The antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first radiating element further comprises a first auxiliary solder strip and a second auxiliary solder strip, the first auxiliary solder strip and the second auxiliary solder strip extend away from the feeding end in opposite directions, and the first radiating strip, the first auxiliary solder strip and the second auxiliary solder strip together form an inverted-T shape.

6. The high directivity antenna of claim 2, wherein both the length of the first ground patch in the first direction and the length of the first ground strip in the first direction are substantially a resonant wavelength.

7. The high directivity antenna of claim 6, wherein the first radiation unit further includes a second radiation strip, a second radiation patch, a third radiation strip and a third radiation patch, and six of the first radiation strip, the first radiation patch, the second radiation strip, the second radiation patch, the third radiation strip and the third radiation patch are located on the front plate surface of the supporting medium and are sequentially arranged along the first direction and are electrically connected to each other, the second radiation unit further includes a second ground strip, a third ground strip and a third ground strip, and six of the first ground strip, the second strip, the third ground strip and the third ground strip are located on the rear plate surface of the supporting medium and are sequentially arranged along the first direction and are electrically connected to each other, and the second radiation strip and the projection of the second ground strip in the second direction are overlapped, the second radiation strip is overlapped with the projection of the second grounding strip in the second direction, the third radiation strip is overlapped with the projection of the third grounding strip in the second direction, the projection of the third radiation strip is overlapped with the projection of the third grounding strip in the second direction, the sum of the length of the second radiation strip in the first direction and the length of the second radiation strip in the first direction is substantially a resonance wavelength, the sum of the length of the third radiation strip in the first direction and the length of the third radiation strip in the first direction is substantially a resonance wavelength, and the sum of the length of the second grounding strip in the first direction and the length of the second grounding strip in the first direction is substantially a resonance wavelength.

8. The high directivity antenna of claim 2, wherein the lengths of the front ground patch, the left ground patch and the right ground patch in the first direction are substantially between 0.15 resonant wavelengths and 0.22 resonant wavelengths.

9. The high directivity antenna of claim 1, wherein the supporting medium is formed by plastic injection molding.

10. The high directivity antenna of claim 9, wherein the dielectric constant of the supporting medium is between 1.5 and 3.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly, to a high directivity antenna.

Background

Referring to fig. 1, a Coaxial Collinear antenna (Coaxial collinenna) in the prior art includes a printed circuit board 11 made of glass fiber, a first radiation array 12 and a second radiation array 13.

The first radiating array 12 is located on a front board 111 of the printed circuit board 11, and the second radiating array 13 is located on a rear board 112 of the printed circuit board 11. The feeding end 121 of the first radiating array 12 and the grounding end 131 of the second radiating array 13 are used for soldering the core wire and the metal shielding braid of the coaxial cable (not shown), respectively.

The disadvantage of this conventional technique is that the feeding end 121 and the grounding end 131 are located on the front plate 111 and the rear plate 112, which are spaced apart from each other, rather than on the same plane, which is prone to cause the coaxial cable to be pulled by stress and separated from the coaxial cable.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention discloses a high-directivity antenna, which can solve the problems that the traditional high-directivity antenna has insufficient durability and is easy to damage by external force, and can provide a standard omnidirectional radiation pattern while improving the defects.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a high-directivity antenna which comprises a supporting medium, a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit. The supporting medium is made of non-conductive material and is substantially plate-shaped, and comprises a front plate surface, a rear plate surface, a left plate surface, a right plate surface and a bottom plate surface. The supporting medium is made by plastic injection molding, and the dielectric coefficient is between 1.5 and 3. The first radiation unit is made of a conductive material, is positioned on the front plate surface of the supporting medium, and comprises a first radiation belt and a first radiation sheet which are arranged along a first direction, wherein the first radiation belt is provided with a feed-in end part and a connecting end part, and the connecting end part is electrically connected with the first radiation sheet. The second radiating element is made of a conductive material and comprises a three-dimensional grounding structure, a first grounding sheet, a first grounding belt and a second grounding sheet. First grounding lug, first ground strap and second grounding lug are located the back face of supporting medium and arrange and the three electricity is connected along first direction order, and three-dimensional ground structure distributes in the preceding face, left face, right face and the bottom plate face of supporting medium, and three-dimensional ground structure is connected with first grounding lug and is formed the box that has an opening and have five faces. And, the normal direction of the front panel surface is defined as a second direction, the projection of the first radiation strip and the first grounding strip in the second direction is overlapped, the three-dimensional grounding structure is provided with a front grounding strip positioned on the front panel surface, and the feed-in end part of the first radiation unit and the front grounding strip of the second radiation unit are respectively used for receiving and transmitting positive and negative radio frequency signals.

Preferably, the three-dimensional grounding structure further comprises a left grounding piece, a right grounding piece and a bottom grounding piece, the left grounding piece is located on the left plate surface of the supporting medium, the right grounding piece is located on the right plate surface of the supporting medium, the bottom grounding piece is located on the bottom plate surface of the supporting medium, and the bottom grounding piece is connected with the front grounding piece, the left grounding piece, the right grounding piece and the first grounding piece to jointly form a box with five faces and an opening.

Preferably, the length of each of the front ground plate, the left ground plate and the right ground plate in the first direction is defined as a length L1, and the length of the first ground plate in the first direction is defined as a length L2, then r is L1/L2, and r is substantially 0.3.

Preferably, the first radiation strip is substantially a straight line extending along the first direction, and the feeding end portion and the connecting end portion are respectively located at two opposite ends of the straight line, and the feeding end portion and the front ground strip are adjacent to each other at an interval.

Preferably, the first radiation unit further includes a first auxiliary welding strip and a second auxiliary welding strip, the first auxiliary welding strip and the second auxiliary welding strip extend from the feed end in opposite directions, and the first radiation strip, the first auxiliary welding strip and the second auxiliary welding strip together form an inverted T shape.

Preferably, the first radiation unit further includes a second radiation strip, a second radiation patch, a third radiation strip, and a third radiation patch, and the first radiation strip, the first radiation patch, the second radiation strip, the second radiation patch, the third radiation strip, and the third radiation patch are located on the front plate surface of the supporting medium and are sequentially arranged along the first direction and are electrically connected to each other, the second radiation unit further includes a second ground strip, a third ground patch, and a third ground strip, and the first ground strip, the second ground strip, the third ground strip, and the third ground strip are located on the rear plate surface of the supporting medium and are sequentially arranged along the first direction and are electrically connected to each other, and the second radiation strip overlaps with the projection of the second ground patch in the second direction, the projection of the second radiation patch overlaps with the projection of the second ground patch in the second direction, the projection of the third radiation strip overlaps with the projection of the third ground patch in the second direction, the projection of the third radiation strip and the projection of the third grounding strip in the second direction are overlapped, the sum of the length of the second radiation strip in the first direction and the length of the second radiation strip in the first direction is substantially a resonant wavelength, the sum of the length of the third radiation strip in the first direction and the length of the third radiation strip in the first direction is substantially a resonant wavelength, the sum of the length of the first grounding strip in the first direction and the length of the first grounding strip in the first direction is substantially a resonant wavelength, and the sum of the length of the second grounding strip in the first direction and the length of the second grounding strip in the first direction is substantially a resonant wavelength.

Preferably, the length of each of the front, left and right grounding plates in the first direction is substantially between 0.15 to 0.22 resonance wavelengths. Both the length of the first ground strip in the first direction and the length of the second ground patch in the first direction are substantially one resonant wavelength.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a high directivity antenna, which has the following advantages that 1, the feed end and the front ground patch are located on the front board surface of the supporting medium together, rather than being separately located on the front board surface and the rear board surface, so that the disadvantages of the conventional technology can be solved; and 2, the first radiation band, the first auxiliary welding band and the second auxiliary welding band form an inverted T shape together, so that the problem that welding feed-in is difficult due to small physical size when the millimeter wave high-frequency welding device is applied to millimeter wave high-frequency communication can be further solved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an external view schematically showing a coaxial collinear antenna of the conventional art.

Fig. 2 is an external view of a high directivity antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a six-view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram of the high directivity antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern diagram of the high directivity antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a simulated local surface current distribution diagram according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a graph of simulated return loss for the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an external view schematically illustrating a highly directional antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a simulated local surface current distribution graph after removing the left and right side plate surfaces according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional radiation pattern simulated by removing the left and right side plate surfaces according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a first embodiment of a high directivity antenna of the present invention includes a supporting medium 2, a first radiation unit 3, and a second radiation unit 4.

The supporting medium 2 is substantially in the form of a long strip plate made of a non-conductive material and includes a front plate 21, a rear plate 22, a left plate 23, a right plate 24, and a bottom plate 25 (covered by a bottom grounding plate 414). In the present embodiment, the material of the supporting medium 2 is a plastic suitable for manufacturing the laser engraving antenna and capable of being injection molded, and the dielectric coefficient is between 1.5 and 3.

The first radiation unit 3 is made of a conductive material, such as metal, and is located on the front plate surface 21 of the supporting medium 2, and includes a first radiation strip 31, a first radiation sheet 32, a second radiation strip 33, a second radiation sheet 34, a third radiation strip 35, and a third radiation sheet 36 that are sequentially arranged along the first direction (X).

The first radiation strip 31, the first radiation piece 32, the second radiation strip 33, the second radiation piece 34, the third radiation strip 35, and the third radiation piece 36 are located on the front plate surface 21 of the supporting medium 2, and are sequentially arranged along the first direction (X) and electrically connected to each other.

More specifically, the first radiation strip 31 is substantially a straight line extending along the first direction (X), and has a feeding end 311 and a connecting end 312, and the feeding end 311 and the connecting end 312 are respectively located at two opposite ends of the straight line.

The feeding end 311 is used as a signal feeding end of the present embodiment, and the connecting end 312 is electrically connected to the first radiation plate 32.

The sum of the lengths of the second radiation band 33 and the second radiation piece 34 in the first direction (X) is substantially a resonant wavelength, and the sum of the lengths of the third radiation band 35 and the third radiation piece 36 in the first direction (X) is also substantially a resonant wavelength.

The second radiating element 4 is made of an electrically conductive material, such as metal, and comprises a three-dimensional ground structure 41, a first ground strip 42, a first ground strip 43, a second ground strip 44, a second ground strip 45, a third ground strip 46 and a third ground strip 47.

The first grounding plate 42, the first grounding strap 43, the second grounding plate 44, the second grounding strap 45, the third grounding plate 46 and the third grounding strap 47 are located on the rear plate surface 22 of the supporting medium 2, and are sequentially arranged along the first direction (X) and electrically connected to each other. The sum of the lengths of the first grounding plate 42 and the first grounding strap 43 in the first direction (X) is substantially a resonant wavelength, and the sum of the lengths of the second grounding plate 44 and the second grounding strap 45 in the first direction (X) is also substantially a resonant wavelength.

Generally, in order to make the current direction on the antenna with high directivity uniform to achieve the characteristic of high directivity in the Y-Z plane, any one of the first radiation plate 32, the second radiation strip 33, the second radiation plate 34, the third radiation strip 35, the third radiation plate 36, the first ground plate 42, the first ground strip 43, the second ground plate 44, the second ground strip 45, the third ground plate 46, and the third ground strip 47 is designed in a manner of half-wavelength resonance, and the six first to third radiation plates 32, 34, 36 and the first to third ground plates 42, 44, 46 are designed to have approximately the same size, and the four second and third radiation strips 33, 35 and the first and second ground strips 43, 45 are designed to have approximately the same size. However, in order to adjust the impedance matching in the present embodiment, the lengths of the first to third radiation strips 32, 34, 36 and the first to third ground strips 42, 44, 46 in the first direction (X) are slightly shorter than a half wavelength, the lengths of the second and third radiation bands 33, 35 and the fourth first and second ground strips 43, 45 in the first direction (X) are slightly longer than a half wavelength, and the length of the third ground strip 47 in the first direction (X) is slightly shorter than a half wavelength.

The three-dimensional grounding structure 41 is distributed on the front plate surface 21, the left plate surface 23, the right plate surface 24 and the bottom plate surface 25 of the supporting medium 2, and the three-dimensional grounding structure 41 is connected with the first grounding piece 42 to form a box 40 with an opening and five surfaces.

In more detail, the three-dimensional grounding structure 41 has a front grounding plate 411, a left grounding plate 412, a right grounding plate 413 and a bottom grounding plate 414. The front ground plate 411 is located on the front plate 21 of the supporting medium 2, the left ground plate 412 is located on the left plate 23 of the supporting medium 2, the right ground plate 413 is located on the right plate 24 of the supporting medium 2, the bottom ground plate 414 is located on the bottom plate 25 of the supporting medium 2, the bottom ground plate 414 is connected to the front ground plate 411, the left ground plate 412, the right ground plate 413 and the first ground plate 42 to form the box 40 with five sides and an opening together, the length of each of the front ground plate 411, the left ground plate 412 and the right ground plate 413 in the first direction (X) is defined as a length L1, the length of the first ground plate 42 in the first direction (X) is defined as a length L2, and r is L1/L2, and r is substantially 0.3.

And, defining the normal direction of the front plate 21 as the second direction (Y), the front ground plane 411 and the first radiation stripe 31 overlap with the projection of the first ground plane 42 in the second direction (Y), the first radiation stripe 32 overlaps with the projection of the first ground plane 43 in the second direction (Y), the second radiation stripe 33 overlaps with the projection of the second ground plane 44 in the second direction (Y), the second radiation stripe 34 overlaps with the projection of the second ground plane 45 in the second direction (Y), the third radiation stripe 35 overlaps with the projection of the third ground plane 46 in the second direction (Y), and the third radiation stripe 36 overlaps with the projection of the third ground plane 47 in the second direction (Y).

The feeding end 311 and the front grounding plate 411 are disposed adjacent to each other in a coplanar manner and spaced apart from each other for transmitting and receiving positive and negative rf signals, for example, the feeding end 311 is soldered to a core wire of a coaxial cable (not shown) or electrically connected to an inner conductor of an I-PEX connector, and the front grounding plate 411 is soldered to a shielding braid of the coaxial cable or electrically connected to an outer conductor of the I-PEX connector.

Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, fig. 4 and 5 show three-dimensional and two-dimensional radiation field patterns simulated by HFSS software according to the present embodiment, respectively. Through simulation tests, the radiation field pattern of the embodiment on the Y-Z plane can really maintain the characteristic of high directivity (namely, the radiation energy is concentrated on the Y-Z plane).

Referring to fig. 2 and 6, fig. 6 is a local current distribution graph simulated by HFSS software according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, when the length L1 (see fig. 3) is substantially 0.15 resonant wavelength and r is L1/L2 is 0.3, the surface current zero point of the antenna (the darker the color represents the smaller the current, the darker black blocks are the positions of the current zero point) is located in the range of the bottom ground plate 414, so that the radiation field pattern of the Y-Z plane can maintain the high directivity characteristic of the beam as shown in fig. 4 and 5. It is noted that for practical design flexibility, such as ease of welding during grounding, L1 is not limited to operate at 0.15 λ, but is effective in keeping surface current zero point within the range of bottom grounding plate 414 between 0.15 λ and 0.22 λ.

Referring to fig. 7, it is a diagram of S11 simulated by HFSS software in the present embodiment, which shows that the present embodiment can indeed operate in the frequency band range around 16 GHz.

Referring to fig. 8, a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the second embodiment further includes a first auxiliary welding tape 37 and a second auxiliary welding tape 38. The first auxiliary welding strip 37 and the second auxiliary welding strip 38 extend from the feed end 311 in opposite directions, and the first radiation strip 31, the first auxiliary welding strip 37 and the second auxiliary welding strip 38 form an inverted T shape together.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the surface current distribution diagram and the 3D radiation pattern diagram of the HFSS simulation are respectively obtained after removing the left grounding plate 412 and the right grounding plate 413 of the three-dimensional grounding structure 41 according to the first embodiment (see fig. 2). It can be seen from fig. 9 that the current zero point is not located on the bottom ground plate 414 (the current zero point is obviously located on the bottom ground plate 414 in fig. 6), and for this reason, the 3D radiation pattern shown in fig. 10 generates several side lobes in addition to the main lobe, and these side lobes separate the energy that is originally concentrated on the main lobe, so that the directivity of the Y-Z plane is reduced (compare fig. 4). It can be verified from this comparison that the grounding structure of the five-sided box 40 formed by connecting the three-dimensional grounding structure 41 to the first grounding plate 42 is durable and maintains the beneficial effect of high directivity.

In summary, the above embodiment has the following characteristics

1. The feeding end 311 and the front ground plate 411 for receiving and transmitting the positive and negative rf signals are designed to be coplanar, so that the disadvantages of the conventional technology can be solved, and the three-dimensional ground structure 41 and the first ground plate 42 form the box 40 with five sides, so that the disadvantages shown in fig. 9 and 10 can be solved, and the durability disadvantage of the conventional technology can be improved while the advantageous effect of high directivity can be maintained.

2. In the second embodiment, the first radiation strip 31, the first auxiliary welding strip 37 and the second auxiliary welding strip 38 form an inverted T shape together, so that the present invention can overcome the problem of difficult welding feed-in due to the small physical size when applied to the millimeter wave high frequency communication band such as 5G.

The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Reference numerals

11: printed circuit board

111: front panel

112: rear panel

12: first radiation unit

121: feed-in terminal

13: second radiation unit

131: grounding terminal

2: supporting medium

21: front panel

22: rear panel

23: left panel

24: right panel

25: floor surface

3: first radiation unit

31: first radiation zone

311: feed-in end

312: connecting end

32: first radiation sheet

33: second radiation zone

34: second radiation sheet

35: third radiation zone

36: third radiation sheet

37: first auxiliary welding belt

38: second auxiliary welding belt

4: second radiation unit

40: box

41: three-dimensional grounding structure

411: front grounding piece

412: left grounding piece

413: right grounding piece

414: bottom grounding piece

42: first grounding piece

43: first grounding band

44: second grounding piece

45: second grounding strap

46: third grounding piece

47: third grounding strap

X: a first direction

Y: second direction

L1: length of

L2: length of