阅读说明：本技术 空中货物运输的系统与方法 (System and method for air cargo transportation ) 是由 巴特·珍·玛丽·古维尔茨 伊万·乔斯·克里斯汀·佩特斯 克里斯·罗蒂尔斯 于 2018-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种经改进的货物运输系统,该系统通过(无人操纵)飞行器(最好是UAVs或无人机)将货物运送到专门设计的母站。此外,还根据本发明系统的作用依据,对方法进行了说明。(The present invention relates to an improved cargo transportation system that transports cargo to specially designed parent stations via (unmanned) aircraft (preferably UAVs or drones). In addition, the method is explained according to the function of the system of the invention.)

1. System for the transport of goods and/or passengers, said system comprising one or more parent stations, and one or more aircraft, preferably Unmanned Aircraft (UAVs), for transporting goods and/or passengers,

the aircraft comprises cargo modules adapted to contain cargo and/or passengers in one or more cargo compartments of the cargo modules;

the parent station includes: a docking station to dock one or more aircraft; further comprising a receiving station, separated from the docking station by a distance, for receiving goods and/or passengers; and further comprising a vehicle linking said docking station and said receiving station,

wherein the docking station is adapted to establish a connection physically with the aircraft and to stabilize the connection, the docking station comprising aircraft connection means for establishing a connection between the aircraft and the docking station, wherein the connection is disconnected from the cargo module, and the docking station is adapted to establish a connection physically with a cargo module of a connected aircraft, wherein the docking station comprises cargo module connection means for establishing a connection between the cargo module and the docking station, the cargo module connection means being adapted to move independently of the aircraft connection means, and the cargo module connection means being adapted to load the cargo module into the aircraft and to enable the cargo module to be detached from the aircraft;

wherein the receiving station comprises a shipping container for goods and/or passengers, and the receiving station is adapted to transfer at least part of the goods and/or passengers from the goods module into the shipping container when the goods module is transported to the receiving station;

wherein if said cargo module is detachable from said aircraft, said transport vehicle is adapted to transport said cargo module connection device detached from a connected aircraft and a connected cargo module between said docking station and said receiving station, wherein said connected aircraft remains stationary;

and wherein said transport vehicle is adapted to transport said cargo module connection device and said aircraft connection device between said docking station and said receiving station if said cargo module cannot be detached from said aircraft.

2. A system for the transportation of cargo and/or passengers according to claim 1, wherein the aircraft comprises a frame for securing the cargo module, wherein the cargo module connection means are adapted for connecting the frame, wherein the cargo connection means are adapted for mounting and dismounting the frame securing the cargo module to and from the aircraft.

3. System for the transportation of goods and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1 or 2, wherein the transportation means comprises one or more rails extending between the docking station and the receiving station, said rails being adapted for guiding at least the goods module connecting means between the docking station and the receiving station, and wherein the goods module connecting means comprise an electric motor for transporting the goods module connecting means along the rails, wherein the rails preferably extend along a substantially vertical axis between the docking station and the receiving station.

4. A system for the transportation of cargo and/or passengers according to claim 3, wherein the docking station is adapted to receive power through one or more of the tracks to charge one or more batteries of the aircraft.

5. System for the transportation of goods and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1-4, wherein the docking station comprises one or more independent power sources, preferably photovoltaic cells and/or wind turbines, adapted to supply power to the docking station.

6. System for the transportation of goods and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1-5, wherein the docking station comprises one or more independent power sources, preferably photovoltaic cells and/or wind turbines, and at least one battery adapted to power the docking station, said independent power source being adapted to charge the battery.

7. A system for the transportation of goods and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1-6, wherein the docking station is adapted to transfer power between the battery of the docking station and the battery of the connected aircraft.

8. System for the transportation of goods and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1-7, wherein the docking station is adapted to accommodate one or more rechargeable batteries, which are adapted to be used as a power source for an aircraft, wherein the docking station is adapted to charge the rechargeable batteries by means of power from a renewable power source, preferably a photovoltaic cell or a wind turbine, and/or from the power grid, and wherein the docking station is adapted to exchange one or more of the rechargeable batteries with one or more batteries of a connected aircraft, preferably wherein the docking station is subsequently adapted to charge batteries exchanged from a connected aircraft.

9. A system for the transportation of cargo and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1-8, wherein the transportation means comprises one or more rails extending along a substantially vertical axis between the docking station and the receiving station, characterized in that the rails are adapted to extend or retract in order to bring the aircraft into and out of the receiving station, and wherein the docking station is preferably adapted to receive power through one or more of the rails in order to charge one or more batteries of the aircraft.

10. A system for the transportation of cargo and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1-9, wherein the docking station comprises a landing platform for landing the aircraft, and further comprising docking means for properly aligning the aircraft and the docking station so that they physically establish a connection, the docking means comprising one or more magnets for aligning the aircraft and the docking station comprising a processor, wherein the processor comprises a wireless communication component adapted to communicate with the aircraft and to provide the aircraft with an indication from the processor.

11. System for the transport of cargo and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 1-10, wherein the cargo module comprises at least two cargo holds for containing cargo and/or passengers, which cargo holds are preferably removable from and insertable into the cargo module in a sliding manner, and wherein the receiving station is adapted for removing the cargo holds from and insertable into the cargo module, wherein the receiving station is preferably adapted for removing the cargo holds from and inserting the cargo holds into the cargo module at a first end of the cargo module and for inserting the cargo holds into the cargo module at a second end of the cargo module opposite to the first end.

12. Method for transporting goods and/or passengers out of and into a parent station by means of an aircraft, preferably an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), said aircraft comprising a goods module, preferably releasably mounted to said aircraft, said goods module being adapted to accommodate goods and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds of said goods module; the parent station comprises a docking station for docking one or more aircraft and a receiving station separated from the docking station by a distance for receiving cargo and/or passengers; the method comprises the following steps:

a. the aircraft approaches the parent station;

b. the aircraft is parked in the docking station such that:

i. physically establishing a connection with the aircraft and stabilizing and securing the connection; and

physically establishing a connection with a cargo module of the connected aircraft;

it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

c. determining whether a cargo module is detachable from the attached aircraft;

wherein, if the cargo module is detachable from the aircraft, the method further comprises the steps of:

d. removing the cargo module from the aircraft;

e. transporting the connected cargo module of the connected aircraft from the docking station to the receiving station;

f. transferring goods and/or passengers from the receiving station into the goods module or from the goods module into the receiving station;

g. and optionally transporting the connected cargo module of the aircraft from the receiving station to the docking station;

wherein if the cargo module cannot be detached from said aircraft, the method instead comprises the steps of:

d. transporting the connected cargo module and the connected aircraft from the docking station to the receiving station;

e. transferring goods and/or passengers from the receiving station into the goods module or from the goods module into the receiving station;

f. and optionally transporting the connected cargo module and the connected aircraft from the receiving station to the docking station.

13. Method for transporting cargo and/or passengers according to claim 12, wherein the parent station comprises cargo module connection means adapted to establish a connection with a cargo module, the method further comprising the following steps when the cargo module is detachable from the aircraft:

g. transporting the connected cargo module of the aircraft from the receiving station to the docking station;

H. then, loading the cargo module onto the aircraft;

wherein the cargo module connection device transports cargo modules between the docking station and the receiving station.

14. Method for transporting cargo and/or passengers according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the aircraft comprises a frame for fixing cargo modules, wherein the cargo module connection means are adapted for establishing a connection with the frame for fixing cargo modules, wherein the step of detaching a cargo module from the aircraft is effected by detaching the frame for fixing cargo modules from the aircraft;

and the step of loading the cargo module onto the aircraft is achieved by loading the frame to which the cargo module is secured onto the aircraft;

wherein the cargo module connection device transports the frame holding the cargo module between the docking station and the receiving station.

15. Method for transporting cargo and/or passengers according to any of claims 12-14, wherein the parent station comprises cargo module connection means adapted for establishing a connection with an aircraft comprising cargo modules, wherein the cargo module connection means transports aircraft and cargo modules from the docking station to the receiving station.

16. Method for transporting cargo and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 12-15, wherein the parent station comprises one or more rails extending along a substantially vertical axis between the docking station and the receiving station, and wherein the cargo module connection means are transported between the docking station and the receiving station by extending or retracting the rails.

17. Method for transporting cargo and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 12-15, wherein the parent station comprises cargo module connection means adapted for establishing a connection with a cargo module, the parent station comprising one or more rails extending between the docking station and the receiving station along which the cargo module connection means are transported between the docking station and the receiving station, and wherein the cargo module connection means comprise an electric motor for transporting the cargo module connection means along the rails, wherein the rails preferably extend along a substantially vertical axis between the docking station and the receiving station.

18. Method for transporting goods and/or passengers according to any of the preceding claims 12-17, wherein the parent station and the aircraft are parent stations and aircraft according to any of the claims 1-11.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of the transportation of goods and/or passengers from a parent station by means of an aircraft, preferably an unmanned aircraft, and to an optimized system and method for making such transportation more comfortable and safer.

Background

There remains a need in the art for an upgraded transportation system that utilizes (unmanned) aircraft or drones. In such systems, the point of transport has a docking system/equipment that enables the aircraft to land with the package and transfer the package to the docking system, which then provides the package to the user. Typically, such docking stations are located at a high position so that the aircraft can easily reach the docking station without disturbing the surroundings and with a low risk to the aircraft itself (fewer obstacles and/or easier finding and adjusting the heading according to the obstacle situation). After the package is handed off, the drone can take off again while the docking system will handle the package, for example by delivering it to a convenient location (ground, mailbox, etc.) via a chute or lifting device for the customer to collect.

The docking system is described in many documents, such as: US 9387928, US2016/159496, US 2016/257423, WO 2014/080389, WO 2017/072101, US2015/158599, and the like. For example, the first of these documents describes a docking station for a drone, which is located on an overhead structure (e.g. a utility pole) and is able to create a "charging point" network for long-distance flights, and which may also include a cargo retrieval system able to retrieve the cargo from the drone. Other documents also describe the same subject matter.

The applicant has noticed that all these systems have a common drawback, namely: exposing a large portion of the hardware to harsh environmental conditions and placing the hardware outside of the actual reach of the technician (repair, maintenance, installation … …) greatly increases the difficulty of these operations.

Furthermore, in these documents, none of them discloses a transport system capable of receiving goods by different types of drones (whether with detachable cargo modules or with modules inseparable from the aircraft).

The present invention is directed to solving some of the problems described above.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides an improved cargo and/or passenger transportation system comprising one or more parent stations and one or more aircraft (preferably unmanned aircraft) for transporting cargo and/or passengers, the aircraft comprising cargo modules (preferably cargo modules attached to and detachable from the aircraft, more preferably mounted in a component frame of the aircraft and detachable from the aircraft), the cargo modules being adapted to receive cargo and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds thereof; the parent station comprises an overhead docking station for docking one or more aircraft, and further comprises a receiving station, which is spaced apart from the docking station and is arranged to receive goods and/or passengers, and a transport means for connecting the docking station and the receiving station, the docking station being arranged to establish a physical connection with the aircraft and to maintain the connection stable, and the docking station then being arranged to establish a physical connection with the goods module, and the receiving station comprising a goods and/or passenger transport compartment into which at least part of the goods and/or passengers can be transferred from the goods module when the goods module is transported to the receiving station, whereby the transport means is (at least) adapted to transport the docked goods module of the docked aircraft between the docking station and the receiving station.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of transporting cargo and/or passengers out of and to a parent station by an aircraft (preferably an unmanned aircraft) comprising a cargo module (preferably detachable from the aircraft) adapted to receive cargo and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds thereof; the parent station comprises an overhead docking station for docking one or more aircraft and, in addition, a receiving station, which is separated from the docking station by a relatively large distance, for receiving goods and/or passengers; the method comprises the following steps:

a. the aircraft (preferably via an onboard navigation system) approaches the parent station;

b. the aircraft is parked in the docking station such that:

a. establishing a physical connection with the aircraft and keeping the connection stable; and

b. thereby establishing a physical connection with the cargo module and/or the docked aircraft;

transporting (at least) a docked cargo module of a docked aircraft from the docking station into the receiving station;

d. transferring goods and/or passengers from the receiving station into the goods module or from the goods module into the receiving station, respectively; and

transporting (at least) the docked cargo module of the docked aircraft from the receiving station into the docking station.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the method is particularly suitable for package delivery, particularly in densely populated areas. Packages can vary from drugs, food, electronics, to paper media such as newspapers, and the like.

Drawings

FIGS. 1A-1B show an embodiment of the present invention, namely: one aircraft staying at the parent station.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention, namely: an aircraft located near the parent station.

Fig. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D show embodiments of the invention, namely: detailed view of a docked aircraft.

FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D show embodiments of the present invention, namely: possible embodiments of aircraft cargo modules and cargo module cargo holds.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention, namely: a detailed view of a disassembled frame and cargo model of an aircraft.

Fig. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D show embodiments of the invention, namely: a possible method of unloading goods from a goods module in a parent station.

Fig. 7 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which cargo modules can be detached from the unmanned aerial vehicle and transported between the docking station and the receiving station.

Detailed Description

The present invention relates to an upgraded transportation system and method for transporting cargo by (unmanned) vehicles, preferably unmanned vehicles.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in disclosing the invention are defined according to the understanding of one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. By way of further guidance, the definitions of terms are provided herein for a better understanding of the teachings of the present invention.

The terms used herein have the following meanings:

as used herein, the terms "a", "an" and "the" refer to both the singular and the plural of the referenced item, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Examples are: "A cargo compartment" refers to one or more cargo compartments.

As used herein, "about" is used to indicate that measurable values (e.g., parameters, amounts, durations, etc.) include variations within the specified numerical range of +/-20% or less (preferably +/-10% or less, +/-5% or less, +/-1% or less, or +/-0.1% or less), provided such variations are suitable for use in the disclosed invention. However, it is to be understood that the numerical values indicated by the modifier "about" are also specifically disclosed per se.

As used herein, "comprising" has the same meaning as "including" and "containing" and, at the same time, is an inclusive term used to indicate that it is the following, for example: "component" does not exclude the presence of elements, features, elements, components or steps of the art or that are disclosed or otherwise not described in the art.

Note that one or more of the following definitions apply, in part or in whole, to the terms used in the disclosed embodiments.

"aircraft" means a container-like tool (preferably a tool with maneuverability and accuracy) capable of flying in the air. The aircraft may be an aircraft driven by an onboard pilot or a remotely operated drone, and at the same time can be used for a series of transports from cargo, agricultural products to passengers and/or animals.

"unmanned aerial vehicle", "UAV" or "drone" refer to a particular version of an aircraft as defined above, to a vessel-like tool capable of flying in the air, in particular a tool capable of increasing operability (e.g. when moving in densely populated areas) and accuracy. Such tools are preferably controlled by an automated system, but can also be controlled by the pilot (or instead of an automated system). It is particularly noted that these tools are able to hover in a certain position and to move with a small amplitude, which makes them optimally mobile and can be used for certain purposes, such as: goods are transported in densely populated areas (or in areas with a high degree of infrastructure, premises, etc.). Furthermore, it is contemplated that the drone may be loaded with passengers, although the drone is generally not available to the pilot. In this way, the drone may be used to transport people and/or animals.

It is noted that in the following, in the described embodiments, an "aircraft" is used, which in use is to be understood as a drone.

"parent station" refers to the entire system for unmanned aerial vehicle cargo transportation, including one or more docking stations for "landing" and docking an aircraft, and a separate receiving station(s) for removing cargo from the aircraft (using a vehicle connected to the docking and receiving stations). Typically, the docking station will be located in an extended position of the infrastructure, for example: on the roofs of apartment buildings, or suspended from the outer walls at higher locations, since the aircraft can easily access these locations. The receiving station is preferably connected to (or even integrated with) a "mailbox" system to facilitate the retrieval of the goods by the consumer.

"docking station" refers to a station at which an aircraft can "land" and dock. Thus, the docking station may include one or more landing platforms, or may include only one gripping device, for "grabbing" and "rolling in" the aircraft proximate its range. Typically, the docking tool will perform an integrated process that will stabilize the aircraft once it lands (and may perform other exchange activities such as charging the aircraft or communicating with the aircraft).

"receiving station" refers to a handling system used to load and unload cargo modules of an aircraft. The system may employ robotic arms that can pick up the cargo, or may employ an inclined cargo module form that allows the cargo to slide out, or even take out the cargo compartment of the cargo module.

"container" means a container in which goods can be placed for placement of the goods after removal from the aircraft and then provided to its correct recipient.

"transport vehicle" refers to a system that connects a docking station and a receiving station and transports a cargo module (and a frame and/or even an aircraft) between the two stations. In its embodiments, there are many possibilities, for example: the track is equipped with a lifting system, a chute, a slide, or even a conveyor belt, but is not limited to the forms described above.

"removable connection means" and "cargo module connection means" are the same concept and refer to (at least) the equipment that connects the cargo modules (optionally to the fixed frame of the respective cargo module, or even to the aircraft to which the respective cargo module belongs) and transports the cargo modules between the docking station and the receiving station. Such means may simply be a motorized lifting device that moves on a track or cable (while remaining connected to the cargo module, on the track or cable).

"aircraft interface" means a device that connects the aircraft itself but not directly to the drone or frame (if any). It is noted that such an aircraft attachment device can move independently of the cargo module attachment device (but, of course, can move with the aforementioned cargo module attachment device).

"frame" refers to a rigid structure for securing cargo modules and for protecting the assembly from external interference. The frame may be a practical closed container but is preferably a frame which is light in weight, resilient and easy to handle/(e.g. by clamping) and secure. It should be noted, however, that a "frame" is a completely optional concept, and that the cargo module may be directly connected to the aircraft, or may comprise a frame that is protective to itself. However, in some embodiments it may be desirable to provide the aircraft with a particularly suitable frame to form the connection between the aircraft and the container.

"cargo module" means a container suitable for holding cargo and/or passengers. Thus, cargo modules exist in a variety of forms and sizes (to accommodate different shapes, different numbers, and different sizes/heights of cargo and/or passengers).

"cargo" when interpreted broadly may actually include goods, materials, articles, merchandise, articles, luggage, and, in addition, livestock and passengers. However, cargo will be concentrated on goods, materials, articles, merchandise, and luggage, particularly when used in conjunction with the word "passenger".

The numerical ranges set forth above include all numbers and fractions subsumed within the range as well as the upper and lower limits recited.

In a main aspect, the invention relates to a system for transporting goods and/or passengers, which system comprises one or more parent stations and one or more aircraft (preferably unmanned aircraft) for transporting goods and/or passengers, which aircraft comprises goods modules, which goods modules are adapted to receive goods and/or passengers in one or more of its cargo holds. The parent station comprises a docking station for docking one or more aircraft, and further comprises a receiving station, which is separated from the docking station by a distance, for receiving goods and/or passengers, and a means of transport connecting the docking station and the receiving station. The docking station establishes a physical connection with the aircraft and maintains the stability of this connection, the docking station comprising aircraft connecting means for connecting the aircraft with the docking station (instead of the cargo module), so that the docking station can establish a physical connection with the cargo module of the docked aircraft, the docking station comprising cargo module connecting means for connecting the cargo module with the docking station, said cargo module connecting means being movable independently of the aircraft connecting means, while said cargo module connecting means are capable of loading the cargo module onto the aircraft and unloading the cargo module from the aircraft. The docking station establishes a physical connection with the aircraft and maintains the stability of this connection, the docking station comprising aircraft connecting means for connecting the aircraft with the docking station (instead of the cargo module), so that the docking station can establish a physical connection with the cargo module of the docked aircraft, the docking station comprising cargo module connecting means for connecting the cargo module with the docking station, said cargo module connecting means being movable independently of the aircraft connecting means, while said cargo module connecting means are capable of loading the cargo module onto the aircraft and unloading the cargo module from the aircraft. If the cargo module is detachable from the aircraft, the transport vehicle is adapted to transport the cargo module connection device and the docked cargo module detached from the docked aircraft between the docking station and the receiving station, such that the aforementioned docked aircraft remains stationary, and if the cargo module is not detachable from the aircraft, the transport vehicle is adapted to transport the cargo module connection device and the aircraft connection device between the docking station and the receiving station.

In a preferred embodiment the aircraft comprises a frame for securing the cargo module, whereby the cargo module attachment means are adapted for attaching the aforementioned frame, and whereby the cargo module attachment means are adapted for mounting the securing frame of the cargo module to the aircraft and for detaching the securing frame of the cargo module from the aircraft.

It should also be noted that, if possible, the detachment of the cargo module (with or without frame) may be achieved by a physical action (e.g., the cargo module connection means performs a predetermined movement action during or after connection, i.e., tilting, rotating, translating, etc., or a hybrid action of two or more actions, detaching the cargo module from the aircraft), or by an automated communication means, i.e.: the docking station sends a communication to the aircraft/cargo module and unloads the cargo module when the cargo module connection device "confirms" that it has been connected to the cargo module. The latter can be achieved by a signal from the docking station to the aircraft, which signal causes the aircraft to unload its cargo module and thus to transfer the cargo module to the cargo module connection device.

In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method of transporting cargo and/or passengers out of and into a parent station using an aircraft (preferably an unmanned aircraft) comprising cargo modules (preferably cargo modules detachable from the aircraft) adapted to receive cargo and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds thereof; the parent station comprises a docking station for docking one or more aircraft and, in addition, a receiving station, which is separated from the docking station by a relatively large distance, for receiving goods and/or passengers; the method comprises the following steps:

a. the aircraft approaches the parent station;

b. the aircraft is parked in the docking station such that:

i. establishing a physical connection with the aircraft and keeping the connection stable; and

establishing a physical connection with a cargo module of the docked aircraft;

it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

c. determining whether the cargo module is detachable from the aforementioned docked aircraft;

if the cargo module is detachable from the aircraft, the method further comprises the steps of:

d. unloading the cargo module from the aircraft;

e. transporting the docked cargo module of the docked aircraft from the docking station to a receiving station;

f. transferring goods and/or passengers from the receiving station into the goods module or from the goods module into the receiving station;

g. and (optionally) transporting the docked cargo module of the aircraft from the receiving station to the docking station;

if the cargo module is not detachable from the aircraft, the method comprises the following steps:

d. transporting the docked cargo module and the docked aerial vehicle from the docking station to a receiving station;

e. transferring goods and/or passengers from the receiving station into the goods module or from the goods module into the receiving station;

f. and (optionally) transporting the docked cargo module and the docked aircraft from the receiving station to the docking station.

In a preferred embodiment, the parent station comprises cargo module connection means for establishing a connection with a cargo module, and when the cargo module is detachable from the aircraft, the method further comprises the steps of:

g. transporting the docked cargo module of the aircraft from the receiving station to a docking station;

h. then, loading the cargo module onto the aircraft;

the cargo module connection means thereby enable transport of the cargo module between the docking station and the receiving station.

Note that in a possible embodiment, step ii can be performed only when the cargo module is removable, namely: a connection is established with a cargo module of the docked aircraft. In this case, when the type of aircraft (whether or not the cargo module is detachable) is determined, a connection is established with the cargo module by the cargo module connection device, so that the cargo module can be detached from the aircraft and transported to the receiving station.

In another preferred embodiment the aircraft comprises a frame for holding the cargo module, whereby the cargo module attachment means are adapted to establish a connection with the cargo module holding frame, whereby the step of removing the cargo module from the aircraft is performed by removing the cargo module holding frame from the aircraft, and the step of attaching the cargo module to the aircraft is performed by attaching the cargo module holding frame to the aircraft, the cargo module attachment means transporting the cargo module holding frame between the docking station and the receiving station.

The above concept is widely used in comparison with other known systems, since it enables various types of aircraft to work with a transport system, through which most of the users of the drone can dispatch and pick up goods (and/or passengers). Most systems are suitable for certain types of drones, which limits their "audience". For example: many systems are adapted to receive the entire drone and lower the entire drone to empty the cargo module. The system of the present invention enables a drone with a detachable cargo module to rest in a docking station and only transport the cargo module away for emptying/disposal. In this way, a "parked" drone can load another already prepared cargo module (e.g., a previously used cargo module, or a spare cargo module), which can speed up processing time because the drone does not have to wait for its own cargo module. Alternatively, the drone may even completely unload its cargo module and then take off to the next station. If the manufacturing mode of unmanned aerial vehicle is different, can not dismantle the goods module, then the flexibility of system is enough to transport the unmanned aerial vehicle complete machine to the container of receiving the goods in, then transports unmanned aerial vehicle eminence again to unmanned aerial vehicle takes off at the eminence. None of the previous systems have this versatile use and cannot handle both types of aircraft in different formats. The advantage of such a system is therefore that it can accept both types of aircraft, but the processing speed of a drone with a removable cargo module will be faster, such a drone only needing to land, unload its cargo module and "wait" for the cargo module (even taking off without a new cargo module), without waiting for the return of its empty cargo module, so that the position of the docking station can be vacated faster, while the drone itself can be prepared for use faster (thus also saving battery time). Thus, in the most preferred embodiment, the first aspect of the invention is located in two separate connections formed between the aircraft and the cargo and parent station assemblies.

In a possible embodiment the aircraft has a special frame adapted for fixing the cargo module and at the same time adapted for connecting the cargo module connection means. The frame is particularly suitable for detachable connectors of aircraft, for example: by one or more clamps or other attachment means. It is desirable to be able to control the aforementioned clamps or attachment devices to attach or detach them to or from the aircraft while making a connection (wired or wireless) with the cargo module connection device. An advantage of such a particularly suitable frame is that it is compatible with all types of robots by selecting a flexible coupling device (movable clamping system or other device). Another advantage is that interchangeable frames enable cargo modules to be exchanged between individual aircraft without causing the aircraft to wait for its own frame and cargo module (as previously described).

In a third aspect, the invention relates to a system for transporting goods and/or passengers, which system comprises one or more parent stations and one or more aircraft (preferably unmanned aircraft) for transporting goods and/or passengers, which aircraft comprises goods modules, preferably detachable from the aircraft, which goods modules are adapted to receive goods and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds thereof. The parent station comprises a docking station for docking one or more aircraft, and further comprises a receiving station, which is separated from the docking station, is at a relatively large distance, and is intended for receiving goods and/or passengers, and a transport means connected to the docking station and the receiving station, which docking station is in physical connection with the aircraft and keeps the connection stable, and which docking station is then in physical connection with a goods module of the docked aircraft, and the receiving station comprises a goods and/or passenger transport container, from which at least part of the goods and/or passengers can be transferred to the transport container when the goods module is transported to the receiving station, whereby the transport means is (at least) adapted to transport the docked goods module of the docked aircraft between the docking station and the receiving station, the goods module comprising at least one cargo hold for receiving (at least) part of the goods and/or passengers, the aforementioned hold has no bottom wall but a handle by means of which the cargo module can be retracted and retracted in a sliding manner, the container comprising a hook device which is connected to the hold by means of the handle and which is adapted to be moved between the cargo module and the container through the aforementioned container opening, and the container furthermore comprising an opening lower half situated at a lower level of the container opening.

A fourth aspect relates to a method of transporting cargo and/or passengers out of and into a parent station using an aircraft, preferably an unmanned aircraft, comprising cargo modules, preferably cargo modules detachable from the aircraft, adapted to receive cargo and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds thereof; the parent station comprises a docking station for docking one or more aircraft and, in addition, a receiving station, which is separated from the docking station by a relatively large distance, for receiving goods and/or passengers; the method comprises the following steps:

a. the aircraft approaches the parent station;

b. the aircraft is parked in the docking station for connection of the cargo module;

c. transporting the cargo module from the docking station to a receiving station, detaching the cargo module from the aircraft, and transporting the cargo module to the receiving station independently, or fixing the cargo module on the aircraft and transporting the cargo module to the receiving station together with the aircraft;

d. transferring goods and/or passengers from the receiving station into the goods module or from the goods module into the receiving station;

it is characterized in that: the cargo module comprises at least one cargo hold for receiving (at least) part of the cargo and/or passengers, said cargo hold having no bottom wall but a handle by means of which the cargo module can be retracted and retracted by sliding, and a receiving station having a container for receiving cargo, which container comprises hooking means connected to the cargo hold by means of the handle and adapted to move the docked cargo hold between the cargo module and the container through said container opening, and furthermore the container comprises an opening in its lower half in a position below the container opening, the method further comprising the steps of:

e. the hook device of the container is connected with a handle of the cargo hold;

f. moving the docked cargo hold between the cargo module and the container so as to move the cargo module into a corresponding position (at least partially within the container) and then placing the portion of the cargo module within the container over the lower portion of the container opening;

g. the docked cargo compartment is optionally withdrawn from the container into the cargo module and the hook device is removed from the handle.

It is clear that the particular configuration of the receiving station and, in particular, the receptacle of the receiving station enables extremely efficient removal of goods from the goods module. The lower part of the container is open towards the top, whereby the cargo in the suspended cargo hold open towards the bottom will fall into the container. Given that the depth of such "fall" is negligible, there is no risk of damage to the cargo. Furthermore, inside the container, means with shock-absorbing function can be arranged, such as: cushions to further cushion shock.

The third and fourth aspects can advantageously be combined with the first and second aspects above, and/or with other aspects, and/or with any or all of the embodiments discussed further in this document.

It is noted that the following preferred embodiments also apply to the above aspects, and therefore, as mentioned above, "movable connection means" is to be understood as referring to the above-mentioned "cargo module connection means".

In another aspect, the present invention provides a cargo and/or passenger transportation system comprising one or more parent stations and one or more aircraft (preferably unmanned aircraft) for transporting cargo and/or passengers, the aircraft comprising cargo modules (preferably cargo modules attached to and removable from the aircraft, optionally removable through the frame of the aircraft), the cargo modules being adapted to receive cargo and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds thereof; the parent station contains a docking station for docking one or more aircraft, and further contains a receiving station, which is spaced apart from the docking station, is remote for receiving cargo and/or passengers, and further contains a transport means connected to the docking station and the receiving station, the docking station establishes a physical connection with the aircraft and maintains the connection stable, and the docking station then establishes a physical connection with the cargo module (and/or optionally with the frame of the docked aircraft). The receiving station contains a cargo and/or passenger shipping container capable of transferring at least a portion of the cargo and/or passengers from the cargo module to the transport container when the cargo module is transported to the receiving station. The transport means is adapted to transport (at least) the docked cargo modules of the docked aircraft between the docking station and the receiving station;

as previously mentioned, the docking station (the landing and takeoff site for the aircraft) is typically located in an elevated position (although the docking station may also be mounted on a wall in a remote location). The docking station is used for aircraft landing and a physical connection is made to it leaving it in the docking station, although other connections are preferred, leaving the aircraft in the desired location (e.g., for charging). Note that in this sense, the docking station may include some type of landing platform. It is further noted that the docking station preferably contains short-range communication equipment for communicating with the aircraft. This communication enables the docking station to guide the aircraft very accurately during the final portion of the aircraft's travel, bringing the aircraft to a correct (position and orientation) stop, since a correct stop is usually very demanding in terms of accuracy. Other connections to the cargo module (and/or frame) enable a better (safer) connection, but in addition, in some embodiments, also enable the system to transport the cargo module (either a stationary frame with the cargo module or a stationary frame without the cargo module) between the docking station and the receiving station. The system itself is therefore characterized by the fact that it has a transport function, at least enabling the transport of the cargo module between the docking station and the receiving station, whereas prior art systems are only capable of moving the cargo and/or the passengers.

Most older technology systems (e.g., the systems listed herein) that transport cargo through aircraft and parent stations follow a similar strategy, namely: the aircraft lands at the parent station where the cargo is removed from the aircraft and then delivered to the appropriate final destination (e.g., a particular mailbox). The docking station is typically located on the roof, even on the pole or overhead of a wire tower, and is typically in an elevated position. The applicant has intended to provide a system in which goods are not placed at a "drop point", but are instead placed in a module of goods and transported from the drop point or docking station to a receiving station. Among other advantages, such a system has the following advantages: the cargo modules also provide additional protection of the cargo during transport against damage or other environmental factors (heat, moisture, wind, etc.), but primarily the number of cargo modules is known and the receiving station is easily adjustable to "work" with the aforementioned cargo modules in a good manner. Such systems include docking stations for docking cargo modules, receiving stations, automatic retrieval systems (particularly the correct containers, e.g., mailboxes) for transferring the cargo to the receiving stations, and systems that enable the aircraft to obtain new batteries in the receiving stations (or docking stations). Furthermore, the transportation of the cargo module as a whole to the receiving station enables new cargo to be placed more efficiently in the cargo module for delivery with the aircraft, since these operations can be done in one operation and do not need to be separated. Since more complex operations (pick-up of goods, placing of new goods … …) are performed at the receiving station, the hardware to implement this operation is also located primarily in the receiving station. It is advantageous to have the hardware close to the receiving station, which is usually located in a more secure location (protected from damage or other effects of the environment) in view of the vulnerability of the hardware, and therefore also easier to repair when problems arise. This is in contrast to older systems where technicians had to mount a parent station to a docking station, which is typically located higher, which makes repair or maintenance more difficult and less secure. In this regard, it is desirable to place as much hardware as possible in an easily accessible location.

Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cargo module (with or without a frame) is detachable from the aircraft. This enables the parent station to load a new cargo module (possibly including a frame) with an aircraft suitable for the new cargo module, so that the cargo module can be transported out of the parent station by the aircraft for delivery to the consignee. Since in some cases the volume or form of the goods may vary, specific modules of goods are sometimes required to contain the goods. Then, only the cargo module (and possibly also the frame) needs to be replaced to easily solve this problem.

In another aspect, the receiving station can be used to transfer goods into the goods module. By this step, the parent station no longer needs to transfer the new cargo to the docking station where the aircraft is located, but directly loads the cargo into the cargo module, with the advantages described above.

In a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the cargo module is removably mountable on an aircraft and the docking station comprises fixed aircraft connection means for connecting the aircraft and the docking station. The vehicle comprises a movable connecting device for connecting the cargo module to the vehicle, said movable connecting device being used for detaching the cargo module from the aircraft and for attaching the cargo module to the aircraft. The transport means are furthermore suitable for transporting the removable connecting device and the detached cargo module between the docking station and the receiving station.

In this particular embodiment, the cargo module can be detached from the aircraft and then transported from the docking station to the receiving station using the transport means (via the connection established by the cargo module with the transport means, in particular via the movable connection means of the transport means). Note that the aforementioned (removable) connection is preferably established after the aircraft has established a connection with the docking station. This makes it possible to bring the aircraft into the correct position, the movable connecting means thus enabling correct connection and disconnection of the relevant cargo module. Once the cargo module is secured by the transport vehicle by the movable connection means, the cargo module can be transported by the transport vehicle along a path between the docking station and the receiving station. It is noted that a vehicle may include a physical path (e.g., a track or the like) and one or more movable units that may be transported along the path. The cargo modules are mounted on the mobile unit and transported with the mobile unit. As mentioned above, the goods are safely transported to (or from) the receiving station where they are more easily retrieved. In addition, when disassembling the cargo module, it is in fact only necessary to move a small part of the aircraft, so that the energy demand is minimized, while there is little or no risk of damaging the aircraft (which tends to be fragile).

In a second preferred embodiment of the invention the aircraft comprises a frame for securing the cargo module, which frame is mounted on and removable from the aircraft, and the docking station comprises fixed aircraft connection means for connecting the aircraft and the docking station. The attachment means further comprises removable attachment means for attaching the frame to the vehicle, the removable attachment means being adapted for detaching the frame from the vehicle and for attaching the frame to the vehicle. The transport means is furthermore adapted to transport the movable connecting device and the detached frame between the docking station and the receiving station.

In this alternative embodiment, the frame may be entirely detachable from the aircraft. Note, however, that the cargo module is still in (or near) the frame. The applicant has noted that in some cases it may be desirable to also be able to remove the frame as a whole from the aircraft, transport it from the docking station to the receiving station, while retaining the cargo module. Still further, it is an advantage that the number of frames is known, so that it is easy for the receiving station to automatically take goods out of the goods module (or place new goods in the goods module), because the receiving station knows the exact position of the goods module via the frames. Furthermore, transporting the entire frame, minimizing the weight of the goods transported by the means of transport (in particular the movable connecting means) (the frame is usually not much heavier than the goods module), enables a higher security of the transported goods. As mentioned above, the aircraft will first come to a stop and be fixed (by means of a first connecting means, preferably a fixing means, such as one or more clamps, magnets or similar systems), and the frame will then establish a physical connection by means of the movable connecting means. This step can also be performed by means of clamps or magnetic systems, but in general it can be performed by any attachment means specifically adapted to the frame (the frame preferably has matching means or means to be connected with the attachment means of the attachment means).

In a third preferred embodiment of the invention, the vehicle comprises a movable connection device comprising an aircraft connection device for connecting the aircraft and the vehicle. Furthermore, the transport means are suitable for transporting the aircraft connection device and the aircraft with the cargo module between the docking station and the receiving station.

In this embodiment, the entire aircraft (with optional frame and cargo module) is transported to the receiving station after docking. Note that theoretically, the docking station could move and bring the docked aircraft to the receiving station. However, it is also possible that the docking station is partially transported or partially movable, or that the docking station remains stationary and the vehicle is completely separated from the docking station. The advantage is retained that goods are only transferred out of the goods module in the receiving station. Furthermore, transporting the entire aircraft to the receiving station enables the battery to be replaced for the aircraft (rather than replacing the battery in a docking station, as it is often difficult to reach the location) in a more controlled environment (since the time taken to dock and transport/receive the cargo is often short, the battery cannot be fully charged without advanced hardware, so it is preferable to replace the battery, since once it is in the receiving station, it can be charged during its non-use, in preparation for the next aircraft). In this embodiment, the aircraft is equipped with one or more rechargeable, replaceable batteries.

In a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned (at least) three alternative embodiments, the transport means comprise one or more rails between the docking station and the receiving station, which rails are adapted to guide (at least) the movable connecting device between the docking station and the receiving station. The movable connecting means comprises a motor for transporting the movable connecting means along a track, preferably extending along a substantially vertical axis between the docking station and the receiving station. Alternatively, the track may extend between the docking station and the receiving station in a substantially horizontal axial direction.

A track is a simple but effective system by which a vehicle can transport cargo modules (with or without a frame vehicle) between a docking station and a receiving station. The movable attachment means may comprise an electric motor which enables the movable attachment means to move along the track.

As previously described, because the docking station is typically in an elevated or other remote position (elevated position suspended from the wall), the track typically remains straight in an axial direction (typically a vertical axial direction), although a horizontal axial direction (e.g., the docking station is suspended a distance from the wall) is also possible. The track may bend, or even turn, if the situation requires it. This may occur when large structures with centralized delivery stations (receiving stations) are involved, while in smaller structures where there are actually many receiving stations (e.g. mailboxes of different occupants of an apartment building or office), this may also occur.

In a preferred embodiment, the transport vehicle comprises one or more rails extending between the docking station and the receiving station along a substantially vertical axis, the rails being adapted to extend or retract to transport the aircraft to and from the receiving station.

The rails may be telescopic and slide in and out of each other (or side-by-side) but are guided by a motor, preferably via signals from the docking station. For example: as the aircraft approaches, the docking station will receive its signal and communicate with the motor to extend the track, and then the docking station appears to dock with the aircraft. Once the aircraft is secured, the docking station will signal the motor to retract the track, thereby bringing the docking station (and the aircraft that has been parked on the dock) back to the receiving station, and then retrieving the cargo from, or placing it in, the cargo module of the aircraft.

A feature and advantage of the telescoping rail is that the docking station can be retracted entirely from its elevated or extended position. This not only facilitates the collection of cargo from the aircraft (or the placement of new cargo in the aircraft), but also allows the docking station to be in a secure location when not in use, when not scheduled for delivery, or when weather is bad, etc.

In another preferred embodiment, the docking station is adapted to receive power through the one or more tracks to charge one or more batteries of the aircraft. Note that the batteries of the aircraft may be selectively charged while the batteries are installed in the aircraft, or the batteries may be replaced for the aircraft and the batteries replaced and placed in the docking station may be charged using power received through the track, or both. With rail power supply, additional wiring can be avoided. Power can be supplied by wiring inside the track to avoid accidental contact (wires) and prevent damage, or by external power lines along the track. Note that the docking station may also be powered by other (network) power sources, and that the power source does not have to come from the receiving station and/or does not have to be orbiting. Furthermore, in addition to being connected to the grid through wires, the batteries in the docking station can also be charged through solar panels or the like in the docking station. The advantage of this arrangement is evident in that in this arrangement, one or more batteries in the docking station can always be charged and then exchanged with the docked aircraft.

In preferred embodiments, the docking station uses a charged battery to replace one or more batteries in the aircraft, or the docking station charges one or more batteries in the aircraft by means of a connected and/or wireless charging means. Note that this embodiment can exist in addition to the features of the previous embodiment.

In a preferred embodiment, the docking station is capable of housing one or more batteries and the batteries are capable of being charged via mains power and/or other power sources in and/or near the docking station (e.g., one or more photovoltaic cells or solar panels, wind turbines, etc., the power of which can be used to power the docking station and/or charge the batteries in the docking station). Furthermore, the battery in the docking station may be used in one or more ways. These batteries can be used at any time to power the docking station to maintain proper operation of the docking station without the need for external power (grid) support, and can also be used to replace batteries for landed aircraft. The docking station is capable of assessing the state of charge of the battery of the aircraft and deciding whether to replace the battery based on its state of charge. The aircraft can overrule the decision made by the docking station. Finally, the battery can of course be used for both: for replacing batteries, and as a battery pack for a docking station.

The battery replaced from the docked aircraft is then charged by the docking station by one or more of the charging methods described above. The charging contacts are preferably made using magnets.

In the future, the batteries of the aircraft may be contained in the cargo module. This can allow the system to replace the entire cargo module upon receipt of the cargo module so that a new cargo module will have a charged battery. The replaced cargo module battery is then recharged for future replacement. Alternatively, the battery of the cargo module is replaced directly in the receiving station or docking station without replacing the entire cargo module.

As noted above, charging an aircraft while it is docked is impractical because the aircraft's battery life is relatively short and charging can take a significant amount of time, even with newer and more advanced battery models. Therefore, it is preferred that the parent station contains excess batteries and battery charging means that are available for use with the aircraft. In this way, the batteries of the aircraft parked in the parent station can be removed and replaced with batteries that have been charged (more), while the batteries removed from the aircraft that are short of charge can be charged during their periods of non-use. Preferably, the shape of the aircraft is such that it is easy to replace the batteries when docking.

In a preferred embodiment, the docking station includes a landing platform for landing the aircraft, and the docking station includes docking means for properly aligning the aircraft and the docking station so that the aircraft and the docking station establish a physical connection. The docking means comprises one or more magnets for properly aligning the aircraft and a docking station comprising a processor, the associated processor comprising a wireless communication component for communicating with the respective aircraft and providing the aircraft with indications from the processor. Alternatively or additionally, the docking device may comprise a clamp for clamping a component of the aircraft (whether the aircraft itself, the frame, or the cargo module).

The landing platform can be designed as a plane or provide support only on both sides of the landing aircraft. This would, for example, facilitate the removal of the cargo module (and possibly the frame) from the aircraft and the lowering and transport of the cargo module to the receiving station (and the raising and transport from the receiving station to the aircraft).

The docking station (docking device) is able to correct the expected positional deviation of the aircraft for proper docking. As mentioned above, in order to enable a vehicle to correctly connect a cargo module for transport between a docking station and a receiving station, the aircraft therefore needs to be positioned very finely, both in terms of distance from the docking station and in terms of direction of rotation, in order for the vehicle to be able to connect and transport (between the docking station and the receiving station) the cargo module and/or in order for the receiving station to be able to pick up (or load) the cargo from (into) the cargo module. Although the aircraft can land on the landing platform more accurately when the docking station provides the indication, some changes (wind direction, signal distortion, signal time lag, etc.) almost always occur that need to be corrected. Accordingly, the applicant has provided a docking device for achieving this objective. In a first form, such docking means may be a magnet system which, once the aircraft is in its vicinity (not necessarily after landing), brings the aircraft to the exact desired position by acting on a magnetised part of the aircraft (for example a frame part included in the aircraft). Since the aircraft is able to perform very precise overall positioning on its own, the magnets do not necessarily need to have a strong magnetic force (in terms of correcting the head difference) so that the magnetic field does not interfere with other systems. In an alternative form, a clamp may be used which will grip the aircraft (e.g. via the frame) once it is within its range and then bring it to the desired location. It is noted that it is also possible to use a combination of bringing the vehicle into the range of the gripper using magnets and then moving the vehicle into the (correct) position with the gripper.

In a preferred embodiment, the docking station may include one or more solar panels. Since docking stations are typically located at a high position relatively far from the building for easy landing and takeoff of the aircraft, the solar panels in the docking stations are typically in a favorable position for generating electrical power from sunlight. The solar panel may, for example, be built into the landing platform of the aircraft on which the aircraft can land. Such electrical energy can be used to perform any one or more of the following operations: power to the docking station, charge batteries, power the vehicle, etc.

In a preferred embodiment, the receiving station may comprise one or more refrigerated containers, such as: used for transporting food, medicines and other goods which need to be refrigerated for transportation. The master station can be modified so that the aircraft (or central control system) can send out a warning to the master station to inform the master station that the goods carried by the master station need to be refrigerated, so that the receiving station can store the goods in a proper container. The parent station may be similarly modified to transport freshly cooked food, and the goods may be placed in isolated storage containers to preserve their heat.

It should be understood that in both cases, the cargo module can be used to provide services according to a specific purpose.

In a preferred embodiment, the docking station contains a landing platform or landing box for the aircraft, which landing platform or landing box can be closed. This is particularly useful for protecting aircraft when weather is bad. Alternatively or in addition thereto, a suspended structure or canopy (preferably a rigid structure) may be provided for protecting the landing platform or landing gear, which suspended structure may be collapsible, foldable, or otherwise movable.

In a preferred embodiment, the docking station comprises an aircraft landing platform that can be folded (as shown).

In a preferred embodiment, the cargo module (and most likely the frame and aircraft) enables the receiving station to maneuver the cargo from the front and rear ends of the cargo module. This means that the aircraft can dock at the front and rear ends of the docking station. In this embodiment, the cargo module may have at least two doors or openings through which cargo can be taken or loaded. Note that this double ended approach means that, for example, goods can be loaded into the goods module from one end while being able to be removed from the other end.

In a preferred embodiment, the docking station and the aircraft are provided with a communication system for communicating with each other over short distances. Such communication is advantageous for docking of the aircraft, because by means of the communication the docking station is enabled to correct the expected landing/docking position deviation of the aircraft. For example, such communication may be accomplished by sensors that are capable of detecting the position of the aircraft and determining whether it is properly aligned with the docking station. In addition, such communications can also be used to indicate other operations, such as: confirm delivery, transmit package information, or control battery exchanges (check battery charge to be replaced and replaced).

In a preferred embodiment, the transport vehicle contains wheels, so that (at least) the cargo module can be transported on the path of the transport vehicle.

The cargo modules preferably contain a plurality of cargo holds that enable the aircraft to transport (and/or receive) a plurality of individual "packages. Note that this may be achieved by providing a plurality of "drawers" (or similar systems) which may be controlled in the receiving station for picking and/or loading. For example: the cargo modules may be taken/loaded from the front and back ends, which enables parallel delivery and/or removal of one or more cargo packages, such as: the goods to be delivered are taken out from the front end and new goods are loaded into the goods module from the rear end.

The aircraft preferably includes a communication system that enables communication between the aircraft and the cargo modules and/or the frame to indicate whether to detach the frame or cargo module from the aircraft directly or to attach the frame or cargo module to the aircraft directly.

In a preferred embodiment, the cargo module is adapted to contain and transport humans (and/or animals).

In a preferred embodiment the cargo module comprises at least two cargo holds for receiving cargo, which cargo holds are preferably removable from the cargo module in a sliding manner and insertable into the cargo module such that the receiving station can remove the cargo holds from the cargo module and load the cargo holds into the cargo module, and the receiving station preferably removes the cargo holds from the cargo module at a first end of the cargo module and loads the cargo holds into the cargo module at a second end of the cargo module (the second end being opposite the first end). Note that the cargo holds may be in the form of pallets, and the cargo modules can accommodate any number of pallets of any size (e.g., 1 large pallet at a first end and 3 smaller pallets at the other end). This embodiment has the additional advantage that: the first end may be used to remove the cargo compartment from the cargo module and the cargo compartment may then be emptied at the receiving station. The second end may then be used to receive cargo (cargo placed in the cargo hold). The use of the two ends of the cargo module can reduce the loading and unloading time by half. Details of this aspect will be described in the examples, although it may be considered that the nature of this aspect exceeds the requirements of the present invention and is readily implemented in other similar systems (to optimize shipping and stocking).

In view of this, the applicant has further proposed the following aspects of the invention, namely: a system for transporting cargo and/or passengers, the system comprising one or more parent stations and one or more aircraft, preferably unmanned aircraft, for transporting (cargo modules of the aircraft) cargo. The parent station comprises a docking station (where the aircraft can be landed and docked), a receiving station (where goods can be taken from and/or loaded into the cargo modules of the aircraft), and a transport means for transporting the aircraft docked in the parent station between the docking station and the receiving station. The cargo modules of the aircraft are particularly suitable for receiving and accommodating any number (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, etc.) of movable cargo holds (movable by sliding) from the front and rear ends. The receiving station is adapted to remove (or partially withdraw) a particular cargo compartment from the cargo module (e.g., by identifying an identifier such as a two-dimensional code) to receive the cargo of the aforementioned cargo compartment. This enables the aircraft to act as a transportation system for many users, ensuring that the correct cargo is delivered to the correct user. The receiving station can furthermore be used to remove or partially withdraw the cargo hold from the cargo module in order to load a new cargo into the aforesaid cargo hold and then to reload it into the cargo module for subsequent transport. Alternatively, new cargo holds may be loaded into the cargo module (the previous cargo holds in the cargo module having been removed).

It is contemplated that most, if not all, of the improvements discussed in this document apply equally to this aspect of the invention.

From another aspect, the present invention relates to a method of transporting cargo and/or passengers out of and into a parent station using an aircraft (preferably an unmanned aircraft) comprising cargo modules (preferably cargo modules that are detachable from the aircraft) adapted to receive cargo and/or passengers in one or more cargo holds thereof; the parent station comprises a docking station for docking one or more aircraft and, in addition, a receiving station, which is separated from the docking station by a relatively large distance, for receiving goods and/or passengers; the method comprises the following steps:

a. the aircraft (preferably via an onboard navigation system) approaches the parent station;

b. the aircraft is parked in the docking station such that:

a. establishing a physical connection with the aircraft and keeping the connection stable; and

b. then, physical connection is established with the cargo module of the butted aircraft;

transporting (at least) a docked cargo module of a docked aircraft from the docking station into the receiving station;

d. transferring goods and/or passengers from the receiving station into the goods module or from the goods module into the receiving station, respectively; and

transporting (at least) the docked cargo module of the docked aircraft from the receiving station into the docking station.

It is to be noted that the step of transporting the cargo module is typically performed by means of a movable connection means in the parent station. The movable connecting means may be an integral part of a vehicle that connects the docking station and the receiving station (e.g., the movable connecting means moves on rails). The method is based on the system content in question, namely: the cargo module is transported between the docking station and the receiving station and the cargo is removed from or placed in the cargo module in the receiving station instead of being taken or loaded in the docking station as in prior art systems, and then the cargo is transported between the docking station and the receiving station while the aircraft and the cargo fixture remain stationary. The advantages have been discussed sufficiently above to apply to the above method.

In a preferred embodiment, the parent station contains a movable connecting means for establishing a connection with the cargo module, the method further comprising the steps of, before the movable connecting means transports the connected cargo module of the connected aircraft (at least) from the docking station to the receiving station:

a. unloading the cargo module from the aircraft;

and, before the movable connecting means (at least) transports the connected cargo module of the connected aircraft from the receiving station to the docking station, the following further steps are included:

b. the cargo module is loaded onto the aircraft.

The movable connecting device transports the cargo module between the docking station and the receiving station.

In an alternative embodiment, the aircraft comprises a frame for securing the cargo module, the parent station comprises a movable connecting means for establishing a connection with the securing frame of the cargo module, the method further comprising the steps of, before the movable connecting means transports the connected cargo module of the connected aircraft (at least) from the docking station to the receiving station:

a. detaching the fixed frame of the cargo module from the aircraft;

and, before the movable connecting means (at least) transports the connected cargo module of the connected aircraft from the receiving station to the docking station, the following further steps are included:

b. mounting the fixed frame of the cargo module to the aircraft;

the movable connecting device transports the fixed frame of the cargo module between the docking station and the receiving station.

These embodiments make it particularly clear that the cargo module or the frame and the cargo module can be detached from the aircraft and then transported between the docking station and the receiving station by means of a movable connecting device. As mentioned above, this has the advantage that the loading system (by which the goods are taken from or loaded into the goods module) can be retrieved and/or used more easily. Prior art systems perform these operations in docking stations that are located in inconvenient and often inaccessible locations (wall overhangs, roofs, towers, etc.). This causes great inconvenience to maintenance, repair or installation operations, which results in increased costs, risks and difficulties. Furthermore, the hardware performing the pick/load will be located in hard to reach locations that are typically subjected to harsh environmental conditions and are more vulnerable to damage. Note that this also makes the docking station more compact (which is desirable for the reasons previously described), while reducing volume and area, and reducing damage from environmental conditions (note that wildlife, such as birds, etc., are also included).

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the parent station contains a movable connecting device for establishing a connection with the aircraft containing the cargo module, the movable connecting device transporting the aircraft and the cargo module (and optionally a fixed frame for fixing the aforementioned cargo module and included in the aircraft) from the docking station to the receiving station.

In another preferred embodiment, the parent station comprises one or more rails extending along a substantially vertical axis between the docking station and the receiving station, and the movable connecting means is transported between the docking station and the receiving station by extending or retracting the rails. Alternatively, the track may extend between the docking station and the receiving station in a substantially horizontal axial direction.

By retracting and extending the rails, the movable connection devices (and the cargo modules) are transported to and from the receiving station, making it easy to collect the cargo modules with limited energy costs. In addition, the entire docking station is retracted and extended via the telescoping track, enabling the docking station to be placed in a safe position (reducing environmental impact and damage) when not in operation (when not scheduled for transport for a period of time or under harsh environmental conditions)

In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: the battery charge status of the aircraft is evaluated by the docking station (since the aircraft must have power). If the state of charge is below a certain threshold level and the battery is equivalent to the charged battery(s) in the docking station, the docking station may exchange the aircraft's battery for an in-station battery. The battery that is removed from the aircraft is then preferably recharged via a docking station (in preparation for future exchange). The battery in the docking station may be continuously charged (by connection to the grid) and/or may be charged by a renewable energy source (e.g., solar panel, wind turbine, etc.) in the docking station (or by a battery fixed in the docking station that is charged by one or more of the above methods). In a preferred embodiment, the docking station is equipped with one or more (two, three, four or more) batteries, in some embodiments even different types of aircraft and their batteries, depending on how common they are in some areas.

In a preferred embodiment the parent station comprises cargo module connection means for establishing a connection with a cargo module, the parent station further comprising one or more rails extending between the docking station and the receiving station along which the movable connection means are transported between the docking station and the receiving station, the movable connection means comprising a motor for transporting the movable connection means along said rails, said rails preferably extending in a substantially vertical axial direction between the docking station and the receiving station.

The movable electrically powered coupling device is capable of transporting cargo modules at a relatively rapid rate and efficiently. It is noted that the electric motor is preferably supplied with mains electricity and can be supplied via the track in order to save energy supply of the aircraft.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the aircraft (preferably an unmanned aircraft) and the parent station of the above described versions are both the aircraft (preferably an unmanned aircraft) and the parent station of the inventive system described in this document.

The applicant has further noted that all the advantages of the aforementioned embodiments of the cargo transportation system of the invention naturally also apply to the method of the invention.

The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples that illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to a non-limiting example.

Examples of the present invention

Example 1: transporting aircraft (preferably unmanned aircraft) between docking and receiving stations

Fig. 1A-1B show a deployed parent station, which in this embodiment comprises a docking station (4) and a receiving station (5), which are connected by a transport means (6), which transport means (6) in turn comprises a movable connecting device (8) and a rail (9). In the docking station (4) the aircraft (1), preferably an unmanned aircraft, has parked, the aircraft comprising a frame (2) for securing a cargo module (3). In the embodiment shown in the figure, the docking station (4) comprises a platform (13), the platform (13) providing support for the aircraft (1). It is noted, however, that this is an optional function, and that the aircraft (1) may also be secured to the docking station (4) by other means, and preferably is secured to the docking station (4) in addition to the platform (13). The figure also clearly shows the frame (2) which is connected to the aircraft (1) by means of the connecting device (11). It is noted that in some embodiments the connection means (11) enable the frame (2) to be detached from the aircraft (1). It is noted that the cargo module (3) and the frame (2) may be provided with attachment means for enabling the cargo module (3) to be detached from the frame (2).

In the embodiment of fig. 1A-1B, the movable connecting device (8) transports the entire aircraft (1) with the frame (2) and the cargo modules (3) along a track (9) which is included in the transport vehicle (6). As can be seen in fig. 1A, the receiving station (5) contains slots or containers (16) for receiving the goods, said containers (16) having a door or opening at the front end. In fig. 1B, the back of the cargo module (3) has a door through which cargo can be exchanged with the container (16). It is noted that there may also be additional batteries (7b) which can be exchanged with the batteries (7) of the aircraft (1).

In fig. 2 we can see an embodiment of the invention where the aircraft (1) is still suspended in the air near the docking station (4) where there is no platform. In this case, another connection system would secure the aircraft (1) to the docking station (4).

Fig. 3A-3D show an enlarged view of the aircraft (1) parked in the docking station (4). Note that in fig. 3A, the docking station does not include the landing platform (13) shown in fig. 3B, 3C and 3D. The docking station (4) comprises an antenna (14) for communicating with the aircraft (1) and a motor (10) for moving the connecting device (8) on the track (9). Furthermore, the battery (pack) (7) is clearly visible and external to the aircraft (1), so that the batteries are easily replaced, increasing the runtime (of the aircraft). The aircraft (1) has a communication system (12) for communicating with the docking station (4). The docking station (4) may comprise a processor with a communication system for providing an indication to the aircraft (1). Note that the platform (13) of fig. 3B-3D may contain a solar panel. Fig. 3D illustrates the possibility of folding down the landing platform (13) when the aircraft (1) is not docked (or attempted to be docked). Note that in fig. 3C, there are docking means (18) in the docking station (4), the docking means (18) being dedicated to receive the frame (2) shown in fig. 3B.

Fig. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D show in particular a potential embodiment of a cargo module (3) and how cargo is stored in the cargo compartment (17) of the cargo module. In these embodiments, the cargo module (3) comprises a container (15) and one or more drawer-type cargo holds (17) which can be opened or closed in a sliding manner (retracted into the container (15)). The drawer (17) can be transferred as a whole from the goods module (3) to the container (16) together with the goods in the drawer. However, as shown in fig. 7A, 7B, 7C and 7D, the cargo hold (17) has no bottom, which allows the cargo hold (17) to be loaded into the container (16) and then the cargo to be taken out of the cargo hold (17) in the container (16). To this end, the ramp is present in the container (16) or may be provided by the cargo module (for example: the ramp may extend in a sliding manner from the cargo module (3)). The cargo compartment or drawer (17) can then be placed back into the container (15) of the cargo module (3).

In fig. 4A, the cargo module (3) is provided with a container (15) having a cargo compartment (17) therein. Fig. 4B and 4C show a container (15) with two separate cargo holds (17) which enable picking/loading from the front and rear ends of the cargo module (3). Figures 4D and 4E illustrate embodiments in which there are two or three cargo holds (17) at one end and one cargo hold (17) at the opposite end.

Fig. 5 shows the disassembled frame (2) and the cargo modules (3) suspended therein, as well as the batteries (7) of the aircraft (1).

Fig. 6A-6D show potential embodiments of the unloading procedure for unloading the cargo module (3) when the entire aircraft (1) is lowered to the receiving station (5). Note that this procedure, with minor adjustments, is also applicable to example 2 and example 3 (and all other different scenarios). It should be noted that in fig. 6A-6D, the rails (9) and the movable connecting means (8) etc. are not shown in order to simplify the drawing and to clearly show the unloading procedure.

Fig. 6A shows a method for the arrival of a goods module (3) at a receiving station (5), in particular at a container (16). The cargo module, receiving station and container should be aligned so that the opening of the cargo module (3) at the first end is aligned with the container (16) (in this case, the container has an opening that is covered by a slidable door). The door of the container (16) is opened and the hook device of the container (16) is moved towards the goods module (3). Alternatively, the container (16) may include ramps therein for slowly lowering the cargo into the container (16). Fig. 6B clearly shows the way in which the hook device interacts with the cargo module (3), in particular with its cargo hold (17), which is telescopically movable in a sliding manner from the cargo module (3). In this case, the cargo compartment (17) has a handle to which the hook device can be fixed. Once the hook device has grasped the cargo hold (17), the hook device is again retracted into the container (16) as shown in figure 6C, thereby retracting the cargo hold (17) together with the hook device and transferring the cargo hold from the cargo module (3) into the container (16). Note that the hold (17) has no bottom wall (or has a bottom wall but can be open) and therefore the cargo will slide with the hold (17) and fall (via a ramp) into the container (16). While in the cargo module (3), the cargo will be supported by the container (15) (or, if there is no container, by the floor of the cargo module (3)). Once the cargo is removed from the cargo hold (17), the hook device can push the cargo hold (17) back again to the cargo module (3) as shown in fig. 6D, and then push the cargo module (3) in, the hook device disengaging from the cargo hold (17) in the cargo module (3) and retracting again.

It should be noted that the system and method described above may be slightly modified and made more versatile in order to confirm that the aircraft with removable cargo modules and the aircraft with cargo modules remaining stationary. If the docking station identifies an aircraft with a cargo module removable, the removable connection device (cargo module connection device) will remove the cargo module and transport the cargo module to the receiving station, leaving the aircraft itself in the docking station. If the docking station identifies an aircraft with the cargo module remaining stationary, the aircraft with the cargo module will be transported in its entirety to the receiving station.

Example 2: aircraft with removable cargo module (preferably unmanned aircraft)

In a second example, the system differs from the system of example 1 in that the movable connecting means (8) and the entire transport means (6) are adapted to transport the cargo module (3) between the docking station (4) and the receiving station (5). Obviously, this may require a change of the structure of the cargo module in order to securely connect the movable connection means (8) and the cargo module, but the possibilities of such connection are various, from the magnetic element to the clamp to the male and female connector or a combination thereof. Furthermore, this will require the cargo module to be removed (preferably remounted) from the aircraft (1) (and the fixed frame (2) of the cargo module of the aircraft (1)), the removal operation is preferably automated and performed after the docking station (4) signals to the aircraft (1) that the aircraft (1) is correctly docked (and optionally other structures are in place for removal).

Except for these differences, the parent station may be generally the same as example 1, and thus can be explained by what is shown in fig. 1A, 1B, 2, 3A-3D, and 5. Since only slight modifications need to be made to the cargo module (3) to be detached from the aircraft (1), a person skilled in the art will be able to see the concept of an embodiment of the invention in the figures by means of intuitive modifications to the other figures.

Fig. 7 shows in particular an embodiment in which the aircraft (1) contains a detachable cargo module (3) which is transported between the docking station (4) and the receiving station (5). It is noted that in this particular case the movable attachment means (8) comprises a set of clamps suitable for engaging the cargo module (3).

Example 3: aircraft with detachable frame (preferably unmanned aircraft)

In a third example, the system differs in that the aircraft (1) comprises a frame (2) for securing the cargo module (3), and in that the frame (2) is detachable (preferably re-attachable) from the aircraft (1). The disassembly operation is preferably automated and is performed after the docking station (4) signals the aircraft (1) that the aircraft (1) is properly docked (and optionally other structures are in place for disassembly). The reloading action may then be performed in the reverse manner. The movable connecting means (8) are adapted to connect to the aforementioned frame (2) and to transport the fixed frame (2) of the cargo module (3) between the docking station (4) and the receiving station (5). Also, all previous options remain open and safe for the aircraft (1) to stay in the docking station (4) while the frame (2) and the cargo module (3) are being transported. Thus, no thorough modifications to the receiving station (5) are necessary, since the basic concept remains unchanged. Thus, most of the figures are equally applicable to the embodiment discussed in the third example, and all of the figures, with minor modifications, will be applicable to the embodiment discussed in the third example.

Example 4: delivery-return

Fig. 6D also has an optional further aspect, namely: the container (16) may be fitted with a new cargo hold (17b) prepared by the sender prior to the aircraft leaving the parent station. This enables the aircraft (1) to be delivered and then, starting from the docking station (4), rotated through 180 ° and then docked again. Once the cargo module (3) has been transported into the receiving station (5) and into the container (16), the other end of the cargo module (3) is directed towards the container (16), and a new cargo hold (17b) (with the cargo to be delivered) can then be loaded into the cargo module. The container (16) may then also provide the aircraft (1) with the necessary information (e.g. consignee, cargo specification, etc.). In fig. 6D, the new cargo hold (17b) is visible from the right side of the container (16).

Alternatively, the receiving station (5) may be provided with a delivery station at the end of the goods module (3) opposite the container (16). The delivery station can load the previously prepared cargo space into the cargo module (3) (in the available space of the cargo module). This is particularly useful when dealing with multiple "pallet" spaces in a cargo module (or container) because the delivery station can automatically search for available spaces or an indication is issued by the aircraft/cargo module (the aircraft/cargo module knows which spaces are available).

It is speculated that the present invention is not limited to the implementations described above, and that certain modifications may be added to the presented examples without reevaluation of the attached applications. For example: the invention has been described with reference to transport conditions but it is clear that the invention can be used for transporting, for example, food, pharmaceuticals or documents, for cleaning windows or solar panel assemblies, for monitoring or protecting buildings, for repairing structures, or even for transporting damaged aircraft. Further, it is noted that the present invention can be used to transport people (and/or animals).