阅读说明：本技术 用于建筑物的竖直推拉窗 (Vertical sliding window for building ) 是由 雷蒙德·施塔克 于 2017-05-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种作为用于建筑物的外墙内的开口的封闭件的竖直推拉窗,其中,为了打开,推拉窗的至少一个窗玻璃能向下降低并且确切而言能进入到盒内部的扁平的腔室内。推拉窗可以作为制成的模块被提供,其具有整合隔绝件和/或设计成立面的可行方案；此外,也可以整合有卷帘盒,尤其是呈隔热形式的卷帘盒。用于这种推拉窗构件的应用范围涉及单户住房直至能想到的任意高度的高层住房。(The invention relates to a vertical sliding window as a closure for an opening in an exterior wall of a building, wherein at least one pane of the sliding window can be lowered downwards and can be pushed into a flat chamber inside a box for opening. The sliding window may be provided as a manufactured module with integrated insulation and/or possibilities designed as a facade; in addition, a roller blind cassette, in particular in the form of a heat shield, can also be integrated. The range of applications for such sliding window elements relates to single-family dwellings up to high-rise dwellings of any conceivable height.)

1. Vertical sliding window (1) as a closure for an opening in an exterior wall of a building, wherein all movable panes (2) of the sliding window (1) arranged one above the other are part of a single sliding sash (8), wherein the sliding sash (8) can be lowered in its entirety vertically downwards for opening and can in this case sink completely or largely into a flat chamber (14) inside a box (13), characterized in that a free lower edge of a screen (42) which can be unwound from a shaft (43) mounted above the closed sliding sash (8) is or can be hooked into an upper edge of the sliding sash (8).

2. Vertical sliding window (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that in the region of the horizontal upper terminal element (12) a shaft (43) is supported from which the screen (42) can be unwound, wherein the shaft (43) accommodating the screen (42) is pre-tensioned in the direction of rotation intended to wind the screen (42), preferably by means of a spring element.

3. Vertical sliding window (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the horizontal upper terminal element (12) at least one shaft (37) is supported from which a roller blind (38), a roller blind or a shutter can be unwound.

4. Vertical sliding window (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that at least one guide groove for the guided reception of one side edge of a roller blind (38), roller blind or shutter is machined in each of the two lateral window columns (11) of the window frame (10), wherein the slot-like openings of the two guide grooves lie in a common, vertical plane parallel to the plane of the vertical sliding sash (8) and face each other.

5. Vertical sliding window (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the lateral guiding groove for the roller blind (38) is at the outside (40) of the sinkable sliding sash (8) and/or the lateral guiding groove for the roller blind or shutter is at the inside (41) of the sinkable sliding sash (8).

6. Vertical sliding window (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a baffle (46) made of transparent material is provided in the upper region of the window opening, preferably on the outside, in order to enable a gap ventilation that is rain-proof.

7. Vertical sliding window (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one lowerable sliding sash (8) has a movable frame (3) connected with the glass pane/panes or is implemented without a frame.

8. Vertical sliding window (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the casing of the box (13) containing the lowered sliding sash (8) is opaque, so that the fully lowered sliding sash (8) is visible at most along its upper edge strip; preferably, the upper edge strip can be lowered either completely into the box (13) or at most project upwards from the box (13) to a narrow extent, preferably to a height of not more than 30cm, preferably to a height of not more than 20cm, in particular to a height of not more than 10cm, when the push-pull sash (8) is lowered.

9. Vertical sliding window (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the box (13) accommodating the lowered sliding sash (8) is an integral part of a window frame (10) in which the movable sliding sash (8) is guided in each position, preferably wherein at least one guide groove or rail (9) for the guided accommodation of one side edge of the lowered sliding sash (8) is machined in each of the two lateral sections of the window frame (10), and wherein preferably the slit-like openings of the two guide grooves or the two rails (9) are in a common, vertical plane parallel to the plane of the vertical sliding sash (8) and face each other.

10. Vertical sliding window (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the box (13) housing the lowered sliding sash (8) has an additional flat chamber for housing insulation (30), in particular thermal and/or acoustic insulation (30).

11. Vertical sliding window (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a drive (17) for raising and/or lowering the lowerable sliding sash (8) is arranged in the chamber (14) of the cassette (13) accommodating the lowered sliding sash (8) or in a further flat chamber or chamber expansion (20) parallel to the first chamber (14) of the cassette (13).

12. Vertical sliding window (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the driver (17) has at least one of the following driving elements:

a) one or more vertical racks (26) connected or connectable to the lowerable push-pull sash (8); and/or

b) One or more vertical scissor drives (19) coupled or able to be coupled with the lowerable push-pull sash (8); and/or

c) One or more vertical threaded lead screws connected or connectable to a lowerable push-pull sash (8); and/or

d) One or more vertical pulling elements connected or connectable with the lowerable push-pull sash (8).

13. Vertical sliding window sash (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the driver (17) has at least one energy converter, such as an electric or hydraulic motor or a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, for converting the delivered auxiliary energy into mechanical movement.

14. Vertical push-pull sash (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that its drive (17) is coupled with a controller, regulator and/or monitor which, for example in case of deteriorated weather, automatically causes the closing or partial or full opening of the push-pull sash (8) according to predefined criteria, partly as a constituent of a central anti-intrusion protection device when leaving the building or living room in question or in case of oxygen deficiency or increased air humidity in the room in question.

15. Vertical sliding window (1) as a closure for an opening in an exterior wall of a building, characterized in that at least one window pane (2) of the sliding window (1) is an integral part of a sliding sash (8), which sliding sash (8) can be lowered downwards and more precisely into a flat chamber (14) inside a box (13) for opening, in particular the vertical sliding window is designed according to one or more of claims 1 to 14.

Technical Field

The present invention proposes a vertical sliding window as a closure for an opening in an exterior wall of a building. In particular, the invention relates to a vertical sliding window as a closure for an opening in an exterior wall of a building, wherein all movable window panes of the sliding window, which are arranged one above the other, are integral parts of a single sliding sash which can be lowered in its entirety vertically downwards for opening.

Background

In conventional casement windows, the open swing sash projects out of the way into the room in question, which undesirably limits the space in which it can move.

It has therefore been considered to design the sash to be vertically movable in its plane. In particular, it has been proposed in US 2,525,322 to insert a window with two sashes into the window opening, which sashes are stacked one above the other in the closed state of the window. The lower sash may be pushed vertically upwards as required until it substantially overlaps the upper sash. The window is then left open at its lower half, where the sash does not project into the room in question. However, the opening provided herein is only approximately half as large as the wall opening between the sash header and the sill, which in some cases is insufficient. Finally, the always visible lower edge of the two sashes is also visually disturbing, since it traverses the translucent or transparent region of the actual window pane.

Disclosure of Invention

The problem leading to the introduction of the invention, caused by the disadvantages of the prior art described, is to improve a vertical sliding window of the generic type in such a way that, when the window is opened, the sash to be opened does not project into the room nor into the visible window opening. In particular, the entire visible opening should then be empty or through.

The problem is solved in that the push-pull window can be lowered downwards for opening and more precisely into a flat chamber inside the box.

Such a box is under the actual window (i.e. under the sill if present) and is primarily intended only to accommodate a lowered sliding window. The chamber provided for this in the interior of the box is preferably closed on the circumferential side, except for a narrow gap on its upper side, through which gap the window pane in question can be pushed out of the chamber in question upwards or can be lowered down into the chamber in question. The walls of this chamber may be made of synthetic material or of metal, in particular of sheet metal. The gap at the upper end of the chamber can be sealed against glass which sinks to a greater or lesser extent into the chamber, for example by one seal each made of rubber or a similar soft material.

By making all movable window panes of the sliding window, which are arranged one above the other, a single sliding sash (which can be lowered in its entirety vertically downwards for opening) it is possible to dispense with further seals which would otherwise be provided between the sliding sashes. It is easier to seal a single sliding sash against a stationary frame, more precisely against heavy rain and against air currents, than to seal a plurality of sliding sashes that can move relative to each other and relative to the frame. Furthermore, the guide mechanism and, if required, the drive mechanism are also simplified.

Here, a purely vertical push-pull movement of the push-pull sash is preferred, i.e. without any tilting or side-hung movement.

The arrangement according to the invention thus facilitates the use of only one sash inside the entire frame; it is not necessary to divide the entire glass surface into a plurality of sashes. In contrast, horizontally extending transverse frames or vertically extending vertical frames can be omitted completely. However, in case of excessively large, e.g. particularly wide windows, especially in case of window widths of 1.50m or more, it may be possible to divide a plurality of push-pull sashes, e.g. by means of a mullion arranged between them.

Different types of flat glass can be considered as the window pane that can be lowered: float glass and/or glass with special properties, such as single-pane safety glass or partially prestressed glass, and/or glass panes with special structures, such as composite glass and composite safety glass, multiple-pane insulating glass or wired glass, and/or glazing with special coatings, such as self-cleaning glass, sun-shading glass or smart glass. In this case, glasses with different properties can be combined to form glass panes with different structures and completed to form glazing with different coatings.

Standard flat glass that can be used within the scope of the invention is, for example, float glass, which is produced in a float process, whereby a particularly flat surface is obtained.

Furthermore, a single safety glass sheet (ESG) that is thermally prestressed may also be used in the present invention. In the latter case, compressive stresses are generated in the surface which is cooled more quickly and tensile stresses are generated in the interior of the glass which is cooled more slowly as a result of the cooling process which is carried out unevenly. The compressive stress on the surface makes the crack difficult to form and propagate, with the result that the strength and temperature-resistant alternation of the ESG is significantly better than the corresponding properties of a similar, but not specifically heat-treated, flat glass.

Partially prestressed glass (TVG) is also suitable for the present invention: the glass is also thermally prestressed, but the thermal prestressing during manufacture is less pronounced than in the ESG case.

Furthermore, the invention can also be realized with the aid of a composite safety glass (VSG) which is made from alternately layered glass and synthetic material film. This glass type is based on the idea that in the event of breakage, glass fragments or glass fragments remain attached to the film(s). The composite safety glass may be composed of a combination of different glass types, for example float glass, ESG and/or TVG.

So-called composite glass may also be used; the composite glass consists of at least two glass panes and an organic intermediate material, for example a casting resin.

A multiple piece insulating glass (MIG) that may also be used in the present invention includes at least two glass pieces and an edge composite having an inter-piece cavity that may be filled with a gas or air. When two glass sheets with different thicknesses are used here, this multi-sheet arrangement has good sound-insulating properties.

It is also possible within the scope of the invention to use wired glass, i.e. glass in which a wire mesh is placed into the glass ribbon being shaped during shaping by means of rollers, which imparts impact-inhibiting properties to the glass sheet concerned and makes it almost intrusion-proof.

Glazing with self-cleaning properties may also be used. The pane may be provided on its outside with a self-cleaning coating, for example with a coating according to the so-called lotus leaf effect.

In addition, further glass types are also suitable, in particular acoustic glass, safety glass and all types of coated glass.

The pane according to the invention can also be combined with a sun protection, in particular by using sun protection glasses which are provided at least in regions with an absorptive and/or reflective coating, in particular on the respective outer side.

Finally, so-called smart glasses, that is to say electrically switchable glasses whose transparency can be varied by applying a voltage, are also known. In this arrangement, the use of roller blinds or shutters becomes dispensable. The coating itself can be selectively switched between transparent or light on the one hand and opaque or dark on the other hand, depending on the manner of the liquid crystal display. In principle, it is also possible to integrate glasses with such coatings into products according to the invention.

It has proven advantageous if at least one lowerable pane has a movable frame connected to the glass pane/panes or is embodied without a frame. The frame can be used in particular in the case of glass sheets or panes which are constructed from a plurality of layers, for example in the case of composite glass, composite safety glass or multi-sheet insulating glass, for stably connecting the plurality of layers to one another.

The free lower edge of the screen window can be hung on the upper edge of the sliding window sash or can be hung on the lower edge of the screen window, and the screen window can be unreeled from a roller arranged above the closed sliding window sash. This arrangement provides the advantage that in the hung state, pulling the screen out just achieves closing of the clear opening provided by the open window pane against the passage of insects, wherein the free view through the closed or non-fully open window pane remains clear. If the sliding sash is moved (whether manually, mechanically or motor driven), the screen always follows this movement and closes the respective free space above the lowerable sliding sash.

The screen can be hung on the sliding sash preferably over the entire width of the sash, for example by means of a cross-fitting, horizontal, undercut profile, so that no gaps are left in this position through which insects can penetrate into the room. This purely mechanical form of hanging is the simplest and safest. However, other connection means are of course also conceivable, for example a connection by means of magnetic force, which is achieved by arranging a magnet or magnetic strip on an element, for example on a rail at the end of the screen, which magnet or magnetic strip interacts with a preferably ferromagnetic strip on a further element, for example on the upper edge of a sliding sash, and can still be released at any time by simply pulling the two elements apart.

The invention has the advantageous development that a roller is supported in the upper region of the guide frame, from which roller the screen can be unwound. The roller and thus the screen rolled onto it are also an integral part of the mounting unit according to the invention, which significantly simplifies or facilitates assembly.

The roller containing the screen should be pre-tensioned by a spring element in the direction of rotation in which the screen is to be rolled. This always keeps the screen under tensile stress and also automatically rolls up when the window is closed.

The inventive concept can also consist in that a (preferably further) roller is supported in the upper region of the guide frame, from which roller the roller blind, roller blind or shutter can be unwound. The sun protection for windows is therefore also integrated into the structural unit according to the invention and therefore does not have to be refitted in the field.

Another design criterion provides that at least one guide groove for the guided reception of a respective lateral edge of a roller blind, roller blind or window blind is formed in each of the two lateral sections of the guide frame, the slot-like openings of the two guide grooves lying in a common vertical plane parallel to the plane of the vertical sliding sash and facing each other. This ensures that the planar sun protection element is guided along its two lateral edges parallel to the window panes.

The lateral guide groove for the roller blind can be located outside the retractable window pane(s). In this case, the closed, stable roller blind is located outside the window in front of the window and therefore forms an additional protection against intrusion.

Furthermore, it is possible for the lateral guide groove for the roller blind or blind to be located inside the retractable window pane(s). Those more fragile sun protection means are not well suited as protection against intrusion, but can themselves be protected from external influences such as wind, rain, snow or hail by the window pane according to the invention.

In accordance with the teaching of the invention, a baffle made of transparent material is furthermore provided in the upper region of the window opening, preferably on the outside, in order to be able to achieve a gap ventilation which is protected against rain.

When the box accommodating the lowered sliding window is opaque, then at most the upper edge strip is visible in the fully lowered glazing and thus also the glazing may not be damaged. Since a stable box made of hard synthetic material or even metal provides optimal mechanical protection against damage to the lowered glazing. Finally, the box can also be inserted into a wall and is itself protectively enclosed by the wall, in particular also on its two flat sides.

The invention can be improved in that the box containing the lowered glass pane can be connected, connected or integrated with the upper guide frame containing the closed sliding window. By the firm combination of these elements it can be ensured that the glass sheet is always stretched straight during its lowering and that there are mutually flush rails and therefore no breakage or warping.

At least one guide groove for the guided reception of a respective lateral edge of the lowerable window pane can be formed in each of the two lateral sections of the guide frame, the slot-like openings of the two guide grooves lying in a common vertical plane parallel to the plane of the vertical sliding sash and facing each other. The width of this gap depends on whether the movable window pane is received in the frame. In the case of storage, the gap width corresponds to the frame thickness, and in the case of non-storage, the gap width corresponds only to the total thickness of the movable window pane itself and the sealing profile provided for sealing, if necessary.

Preferably, in the region of the slot-like opening into/through which the pane and/or the frame of the pane is guided, a seal is provided on the inside and/or outside of the pane or of the frame in order to prevent the ingress of water, air or the like. This seal preferably extends in the longitudinal direction of the slit section concerned and can be located in the region of the respective outer edge of the slit or can be displaced into said region. The sealing lip of this seal, which is fixed to the slit-shaped opening, preferably rests against the pane or the frame of the pane; preferably, the cross section through this sealing lip does not run perpendicular to the surface of the window pane or frame concerned, but runs obliquely thereto, or is pressed against the surface concerned by the inherent elasticity of the sealing lip, wherein the sealing lip can be bent in its cross section, if desired, tangentially to the surface concerned. Depending on whether wind or gusts occur outside the building, the pressure relationships can differ here (on the windward side of the building, the external pressure can be greater than the internal pressure, while on the lee side, the external pressure can be lower than the internal pressure due to the suction effect). For this reason, the two sealing parts (one outside the window pane and one inside the building) are complementary, wherein the sealing part, which faces the overpressure, is pressed all the way to the window pane or its frame, for example, and therefore the sealing effect is improved even more when the overpressure is applied.

The invention proposes that the casing accommodating the lowered sliding window has a further flat chamber for accommodating insulation, in particular thermal and/or acoustic insulation. This measure allows to compensate the reduced isolation capability of the cell itself by an additional isolation layer parallel to the window plane. Simple materials are considered as spacers, for example mineral wool, but polystyrene or so-called vacuum insulation panels are also considered. Preferably, the insulation layer is located on the flat side of the chamber facing the exterior of the building; however, this may also be different in certain cases, or the spacers may be eliminated altogether, for example in the case of buildings or regions near the equator.

The counterweight normally present in a sliding sash to be raised upwards into the open position becomes dispensable by a downward lowering movement of the window pane. On the one hand, this reduces costs and on the other hand also saves installation space, in particular inside the chamber according to the invention, in which chamber it is now not necessary to provide counterweights, although this measure is additionally also possible. However, if this measure is taken, in order to open the push-pull sash, this counterweight must be raised in the present invention and lowered when closing the push-pull sash.

If (as provided in the invention) this counterweight is still provided and is constructed to be heavier, in particular slightly heavier than the push-pull sash plus the glass pane, then said counterweight (for example when releasing the lock) will automatically close the push-pull sash, more precisely even without auxiliary energy. A catch may then be provided to lock the open push-pull sash until the catch is released (e.g. by a timer) and then no longer prevents the counterweight from pulling the window into its closed position. This timer may for example be a preferably mechanical, windable timer and/or a clock which can be set to a specific time interval, for example a short time timer similar to the one also referred to as egg-boiling timer in another embodiment, which counts down from a time interval which is initially set, for example "ten minutes", which then releases the catch when returning to the zero time value and thus provides a moment for the counterweight to close the push-pull sash. Thus, any ventilation time can be set and the window automatically closed after the time interval concerned has ended.

The invention is, however, preferably a development of the invention in which a drive for raising and/or lowering the lowerable pane(s) is arranged in the chamber of the cassette accommodating the lowered sliding window, or in a further flat chamber of the cassette parallel to the first chamber. This mechanical drive ensures that the window pane is always raised or lowered at a substantially optimum speed. Although this drive may be purely mechanically constructed, i.e. operated, for example, manually, for example via a crank or using the counterweight described above, this may only give one direction of movement for the push-pull sash; but is preferably an actuator, such as a motor, which can be operated with auxiliary energy, which is fed, for example, electrically, electronically, magnetically, pneumatically or hydraulically, or a cylinder or the like, which can be activated pneumatically or hydraulically.

Such actuators, which are designed to be self-locking, i.e. motors which can exert a sufficient braking torque, for example, during a standstill, can completely replace counterweights, so that additional space is provided in the chamber for mechanical transmission links of the drive or the like. Compared to the above-described purely mechanical closing mechanism, which closes the push-pull sash again after an adjustable ventilation time, the motor-driven drive has the advantage that it can generally be used in both directions (i.e. the direction of closing and opening the push-pull sash) and furthermore can replace a mechanical brake. The window may be closed or opened at any desired time via the controller.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the drive has one, two or more vertical toothed racks (a plurality) which are or can be connected to the lowerable pane(s). In this case, in each case one pinion with a horizontally oriented axis of rotation can engage in each case one rack in order to move the window pane with a generally moderate effort by working with a common force acting on all rack(s).

The drive can optionally have one or more vertical threaded spindles which are or can be connected to the lowerable pane(s). In this case, in each case one pinion with a vertically oriented axis of rotation can engage in each case one toothing on the lower end of the threaded spindle in order to move the window pane with an overall moderate effort by acting on the common force on all of the threaded spindle(s).

The invention can also be implemented in that the drive has one or more vertical pulling elements which are or can be connected to the lowerable pane(s). In this case, in each case one spool or drum, preferably with a horizontally oriented axis of rotation, can be selectively wound or unwound with in each case one pulling device in order to push or pull the window panes with a generally moderate effort by working with a common force acting on all pulling devices.

For motor-driven or automatic driving of the push-pull window sash, at least one energy converter, for example an electric motor or a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, may be provided for converting the delivered auxiliary energy into mechanical motion.

Furthermore, the drive of the push-pull sash may be coupled with a controller, regulator and/or monitor which automatically causes the closing or partial or full opening of the push-pull sash according to predefined criteria. For example, in the event of weather deterioration, particularly associated with wind, rain and/or cold, the previously opened window is closed. As an integral part of the central anti-intrusion protection device, the window according to the invention is also closed when leaving and locking the building or dwelling in question. Furthermore, the lack of oxygen and/or the increased air humidity in the room in question can be determined by means of the room monitor, and the push-pull sash can then be opened to a certain extent to enable air exchange, if necessary also only for a predefined period of time, to avoid a drop in temperature in the room in question.

Drawings

Further features, details, advantages and effects based on the invention result from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and from the drawings. Wherein:

fig. 1 shows a sliding window according to the invention in vertical section transverse to the plane of the glass, the sliding window being driven, for example, by a type of scissor lever; and

fig. 2 shows an alternative drive for the sliding window according to fig. 1 in a schematic view in a viewing direction perpendicular to the glass plane.

Detailed Description

The sliding window 1 according to the invention should overcome the disadvantages of conventional windows. For this purpose, a plurality of elements are connected into one unit.

The core component is a pane 2. The pane may also consist of a plurality of interconnected glass sheets, for example two or three glass sheets. If desired, the glass sheets may also be separated by one or more cavities, thereby improving thermal and/or acoustic insulation.

Preferably, this window pane 2 or, if desired, a plurality of glass sheets from which the window pane is made are accommodated in a push-pull frame 3. This is not mandatory, however. A single glass pane or a pane 2 consisting of interconnected glass panes can also be used without a directly connected frame.

The push-pull frame 3 can be arranged completely around the circumference of the pane 2 or only partially along the circumference.

Preferably, the upper horizontal cross member 4 of the push-pull frame 3 extends along the upper edge 5 of the pane 2 and/or the lower horizontal cross member 6 of the frame 3 extends along the lower edge 7 of the pane 2. The two horizontal cross members 4, 6 can be connected to each other by lateral struts, but this is not mandatory as long as one (or both) cross member(s) 4, 6 is/are otherwise fastened to the pane 2.

The push-pull frame 3 is also suitable in particular as an operating point for manual or motor-driven push-pull devices. Without this push-pull frame, a point-by-point, for example clip-shaped, receptacle for the window pane 2 on the motor-driven push-pull device would also be sufficient to introduce forces into the window pane 2.

The whole of the parts 4, 6 comprising the window pane 2 and the push-pull frame 3 firmly connected thereto forms a push-pull sash 8. Of course, the push-pull frame 3 of the push-pull window sash 8 may also have division bars, which either protect it at the front or actually divide the push-pull frame 3 into a plurality of faces or openings, in each of which a window pane 2 is inserted. However, such measures are often less restricted in function for aesthetic reasons.

In order to allow the sliding sash 8 to be vertically displaced, the side edges of the sliding sash 8 (i.e. the side edges of the window pane 2 in the absence of the sliding frame 3, or the end sides of the horizontal cross members 4, 6 in the case of an incomplete sliding frame 3, or the vertical lateral sash wood planks or struts of the sliding frame that connect the horizontal cross members 4, 6 to each other in the case of an intact sliding frame 3) are accommodated in a vertically displaceable manner in two lateral guide rails 9 of the window frame 10.

The frame 10 surrounds the sash 8 over the entire circumference of the sash 8. The push-pull sash may be constructed of any material and have any shape and thickness. For example, two lateral stiles (i.e., window columns or frames 11) are illustrated here, which house the guide rails 9; the stiles can be connected by a respective cross brace above and below the closed sliding sash 8. An upper lateral or terminal element 12 connects the two window columns 11 above the sash 8, while each lateral window column 11 is connected by a flashing and/or sill and/or lower terminal element 13, more precisely below the upper terminal element 12 at a distance corresponding approximately to the height of the pane 2.

Preferably, the lower terminal element 13 is not configured as a pure rail, but may have a planar, preferably rectangular, extension with a height equal to the height of the pane 2.

On the inner and/or outer flat side, a planar terminating element 13 can be provided, which has a carrier plate for the mortar 52 or has a further, plate-shaped facade material or is also provided with a visible surface.

This terminal element 13 encloses a cavity 14 in the form of a chamber. The cavity extends over the entire height or almost the entire height of the lower terminal element 13, the width of the cavity corresponding to the spacing between the guide rails 9, and the depth extension of the cavity perpendicular to the plane of the push-pull sash 8 at least corresponds to the width of the guide slot of the guide rails 9. The lower terminal element 13 is more equivalent to the cartridge due to the size of the terminal element and the internal chamber 14.

The chamber-like cavity 14 is open at its upper side and has a slit-like opening 15 there through which the push-pull sash 8 can slide. The slot-like opening 15 can be closed by two lateral seals 53, which can be fastened to the upper side 16 of the lower terminal element 13 and to the longitudinal edges of the slot-like upper opening 45 and/or laterally thereto.

Since the two guide rails 9 extend into the chamber-like cavity 14 and continue therein, the sliding sash 8 can be lowered into the chamber-like cavity 14, so that the window pane 2 is almost or completely concealed.

The window pane 2 can also be raised manually, provided for this purpose a handle is provided on the upper horizontal cross-piece 4 of the frame 3 of the push-pull sash 8, or by means of a crank via a crank drive.

On the other hand, a drive mechanism 17 may also be provided in order to raise the pane 2 again and thereby close the window opening. Such a drive mechanism 17 is visible in fig. 1. The drive mechanism is arranged in the expansion of the chamber-like cavity 14. As can be gathered from fig. 1, for this purpose the extension of the chamber 14 perpendicular to the plane of the window frame 8 can be greater than the thickness of the window panes 2 or of each push-pull frame 3 surrounding the window panes. There are (preferably in the two lateral regions of the lowered pane 2) respectively vertically adjustable elements 18 which are coupled with, for example connected to, the frame 3 of the sliding sash 8.

Fig. 1 shows an example of a scissor-like drive, namely a drive of the type "idler forceps (N ü rnberger Schere)" 19, which has an upward-pointing opening direction, which connects a lower anchor 21 secured to the bottom of a lateral chamber expansion 20 to a vertically adjustable upper element 18, which is moved out upward or folded downward by the distancing and folding of the two lower limbs 21 of the idler forceps 19 and carries the respective push-pull window 8 via the vertically adjustable element 18, the joint 22 between the individual limbs 23, 24 of the idler forceps 19 can additionally be guided in the lateral guide 25, so that the idler forceps 19 cannot bend.

Other forms of drive mechanism 17 are contemplated. One or more vertical rotary threaded spindles with a circumferential thread can thus be provided, in which each block-shaped part with an internal thread matching the thread is screwably adjustable. When this block-shaped part is secured to the frame 3 of the push-pull sash 8 and secured in a torsionally fixed manner with the frame, the turning screw can turn itself about its vertical axis of rotation. Thereby, the block-shaped part will be screwed up or down along the turning screw depending on the current turning direction of the turning screw. Thus, with such a drive mechanism 17 also a desired closing movement and opening movement of the push-pull sash 8 may be caused.

Fig. 2 shows a further possible variant for the drive mechanism 17'. Two toothed racks 26 are visible, which are fastened to the lateral vertical struts of the push-pull frame 3 as far as possible in the region of the guide rails 9, so that they are hidden by the guide rails and are therefore not visible from the outside. In the region of the chamber 14 or of its expansion 20, there are provided toothed wheels 27 which mesh with in each case one toothed rack 26 and by their rotational position influence the vertical movement of the toothed rack 26. As shown in fig. 1, the two toothed wheels 27 can be coupled via a shaft 28 with a common drive motor 29, between which a transmission is arranged, if necessary, for a common and synchronous rotational adjustment.

A further embodiment of the drive mechanism 17, which is not shown in the figures, can be based, for example, on a chain-shaped pulling element, which is connected to the frame 3 of the push-pull sash 8 in the region of the chain links. In this case, two chains each closed on themselves and thus continuous can be provided, which have upper and lower deflecting sprockets. By coupling pairs of such direction changing sprockets flush with one another in a rotationally fixed manner to one another or to a common drive motor, for example, a synchronous drive is ensured.

In all the drive mechanisms 17, there are in each case two lateral drive means; in this case, it must be noted that each lateral drive operates synchronously with one another. In the embodiment according to fig. 2, this is achieved structurally by a common coupling element, such as the shaft 26. In the case of a scissor drive or a spindle drive, a mechanical coupling can also be produced by means of such a synchronizing shaft. Furthermore, there is also the possibility of an electrical connection by providing, for example, two drives with one rotation sensor each and synchronizing the drive motors in terms of control technology, so that the signals of the rotation sensors are always synchronized when raising and lowering the sliding sash 8.

Such synchronization is cancelled when only one drive device is used. However, the only drive means should also be arranged centrally between the two guide rails 9, so that the push-pull sash 8 does not warp or get stuck. However, a centered arrangement is of course not feasible for the rack drive 17' according to fig. 2 for aesthetic reasons, since otherwise the rack 26 would have to extend centrally over the glass sheet. Preferably, the toothed rack 26 is concealed in the region of the lateral guide rails of the window frame. In the region of such a guide slot, further drive or transmission elements, for example, pulling wires, chains or other pulling elements, can also be arranged.

In each case, the drive mechanism 17, 17' is equipped with a drive motor, preferably an electric motor, which is switched on in one or the other direction of rotation depending on the desired direction of actuation. This can be preset by selecting one of the two actuating switches. A double rocker switch or double rocker buttons can thus be provided as actuating switches, as they are also used for raising and lowering the motorized roller blind. In addition, the raising or lowering movement is terminated by means of a limit switch when the upper and/or lower final positioning is reached.

Depending on the embodiment of the drive unit, auxiliary energy can be supplied in an electrical, electronic, hydraulic or magneto-elastic manner for raising or lowering the window pane. If the window is made to be openable even in the event of a current failure or in an emergency, an unlocking part may be provided which, upon mechanical triggering, moves the window pane (if necessary together with the frame accommodating the window pane) downwards under the weight of the window pane and/or by manual support, thus providing an escape path.

In fig. 1, it can also be seen that a planar insulating element 30 can also be provided in the region of the lower terminal element 13, in particular in order to provide thermal compensation for the more unfavorable thermal insulation properties of the open cavity 14, if appropriate together with the extension 20. The spacer 30 behind the carrier plate for the mortar 52 can be provided with a plate-shaped intermediate layer 54 in the form of a cement-bonded plate or a metal plate as noise protection and/or intrusion protection.

The entire window frame 10 (consisting of the two lateral window columns 11, the upper terminal element 12 and the lower terminal element 13) is anchored in the wall and serves for vertical guidance of the sash 8.

For this purpose, the entire lower terminal element 13 is also inserted into the wall or secured there. For this purpose, the clear height of the wall recess should be greater than the height of the push-pull sash 8, i.e. about twice as high, so that not only the upper part of the window frame 10 is pressed into the wall recess, but also the lower part, which is almost the same size as the window frame, consisting of the lower terminal element 13 and the cavity 14 for receiving the open push-pull sash 8. A wall recess suitable for this is therefore rather equivalent to a door recess and is clearly more downward than the subsequent window opening, ideally up to the floor of the room in question and/or in the form of an opening of room height or even beyond the room height, for example in order to be able to completely reduce a pane whose height exceeds half the room height.

As can also be seen in fig. 1, it is possible to design the lower terminal element 13 significantly thicker in the direction perpendicular to the window plane than the lateral window column 11 of the window frame 10. The thickness of the lower terminal element 13 may substantially correspond to the thickness of the drywall. The lower terminating element 13 can additionally be provided on its inwardly directed large flat side 31 and on its outwardly directed flat side 32 with a surface 52 as a mortar carrier or even as a surface suitable for the direct viewing side. The installation of the lower terminal element 13 into the wall is thus no longer necessary at all here, at most with the need for a joint in the region of the gap between the window frame 10 and the wall soffit. Otherwise, the mortar can also be applied flatly on the lower terminal element 13.

The lateral section of the sliding window element 1, which is usually referred to as the window frame 10, can also be provided on its inner side facing the room and/or on its outer side facing the facade of the building with a surface 52 suitable as a mortar carrier. For example, a metal surface is provided for the visible surface, but also synthetic materials, such as (colored) plexiglas, are provided.

A similar situation exists for the upper terminal element 12. The upper terminal element 12 can also be designed to be significantly thicker in the direction perpendicular to the window plane than the lateral window column 11 of the window frame 10, for example exactly as thick as the lower terminal element 13, and the upper terminal element 12 can also be provided with a surface on its inner and/or outer flat sides 33, 34 which is suitable as a mortar carrier, so that at this location there is also no need to fit the upper terminal element 12 into the wall, but only a seam in the gap region between the window frame 10 and the wall soffit. Otherwise, the mortar can also be applied flatly on the upper terminal element 12.

The upper terminal element 12 of this thickened construction can also have one or more chambers 35, 36 in its interior for accommodating further functional elements.

In such a chamber 35, there is on the one hand a free space for a shaft 37 extending parallel to the upper terminal element 12 in the horizontal direction, which shaft serves to wind up the roller blind 38, which in the unwound state can be guided down to the upper terminal element 13 in a lateral guide 39 extending along the window column 11. Preferably, the guide 39 for this roller blind 38 is on the outer side 40 of the sliding window 1. The shaft 37 is manual or motor-driven to wind and unwind the roller blind 38.

On the other hand, a similar mechanism for winding and unwinding a roller blind or a mechanism for raising and lowering a blind may also be provided on the inner side 41 of the sliding window 1 instead of or in addition to this. Each element may also be received in the region of the upper terminal element 12 in the rolled-up or raised state. The winding and unwinding or the lifting and lowering can be carried out manually or motor-driven.

As a further functional element, a screen 42 is shown in fig. 1, which can be wound onto a further shaft 43 inside the chamber 36 in the upper terminal element 12 and can be unwound from the shaft again.

The shaft 43 for this screen 42 can be pretensioned by a spring element, in particular in a rotational direction suitable for rolling up the screen 42, so that the screen 42, which is driven in itself, is pulled up and rolled up.

On the lower end of the screen 42 there may be arranged a horizontally extending cross bar 44 which is thicker than a slit-like opening 45 in the upper terminal element 12 through which the screen 42 passes to allow the filter mesh to move downwardly away from the chamber 36 concerned. Thereby avoiding the screen 42 being completely rolled up.

Such a cross bar 44 in the region of the lower end of the screen 42 may be provided with an element of releasable connection, the suspension of which is on the upper horizontal cross-member 4 of the push-pull sash 8. By means of these connecting elements, it is possible to connect the cross-bar 44 in the region of the free lower edge of the screen 42 to the horizontal cross-member 4 in the region of the free upper edge of the sliding sash 8.

Thereby, the screen 42 is unreeled from its shaft 43 and pulled down while the push-pull sash 8 is opened, so that the net opening above the push-pull sash 8 is always just completely closed by the screen 42 and thus insects are not allowed to intrude through the window 1. When the sliding sash 8 is closed, the spring element arranged on the shaft 43 always pulls the screen upwards as much as possible and furthermore keeps the filter net taut all the time, so that it does not flap even in the presence of wind.

In order to provide gap ventilation with protection against rain when the pane 2 is only partially open, the invention is furthermore provided with a baffle 46 made of glass or plexiglass, which is arranged in front in the upper region of the window opening. Since the front screen 46 is transparent and is furthermore only located in the upper region of the window opening, the incident light is only insignificantly influenced. The reliable opening position of the window pane 2 can be controlled by means of special circuits on the premise of "protection against heavy rain" so that the window pane is adapted to the current architectural and local features; in areas with heavy storms, the permitted adjustable gap width is narrower than in areas with less severe weather, for example.

The upper face of the outer portion of the lower terminal element 13 is protected by a sill 47 made of aluminium or another water and uv resistant material.

Furthermore, for the purpose of protection of persons, a contact strip 48 can be applied, for example, in the upper inner region of the upper terminal element 12, which contact strip is pressed such that the window pane 2 remains immediately in any desired position, for example, in order to prevent trapping of persons.

Such a function of bringing the pane 2 to immediate rest can also be realized using other means, for example by means of a raster or laser beam which is interrupted resulting in immediate rest of the pane 2, or by means of a magnetic contact or other proximity switch which is triggered or closed so that the pane 2 is immediately at rest.

The lower receptacle of the step-up device and the window pane 2 is preferably designed several centimeters above the water-repellent channel 50 in the lower region, and furthermore a protective film 51 or a molding can be arranged on the inner side of the outer spacer 30 for blocking off water which may enter the water-repellent channel 50.

In order to allow such water entering into the cavity 14 or the chamber expansion 15 to flow out again, a drain line 49 may be provided (preferably in the lower region of the cavity 14 and/or the chamber expansion 15) from there outwards.

Various modifications of the invention are possible. Thus, the boundary surface 32 of the cassette 13 facing the room or the baffle plate 52 applied thereto can be prepared for holding the heating element in such a way that corresponding mounting elements or the like already provided there are provided.

Furthermore, the separating element 30 can be designed to be tapered, for example, with a thickness of only a few centimeters, so that the boundary surface 32 is retracted into the recess, in which the space for the heating element then also remains.

List of reference numerals

Sliding window 28 shaft

2 window glass 29 drive motor

3 spacer for push-pull frame 30

4 inner flat side of upper horizontal beam 31

5 upper edge 32 outer flat side

6 inner flat side of lower horizontal beam 33

7 outer flat side of lower edge 34

8 sliding window sash 35 chamber

9 guide rail 36 chamber

10 window frame 37 axle

11 window post 38 rolling curtain

12 upper terminal element 39 lead

13 outside of the lower terminal element 40

Inside the 14-chamber-shaped cavity 41

15 slit-shaped opening 42 screen window

16 upper side 43 shaft

17 drive mechanism 44 horizontal bar

18 adjustable element 45 slit-like opening

19 lazy tongs 46 glass baffle

20 chamber expansion 47 windowsill

21 anchor 48 contact strip

Drainage feasible scheme of 22 hinge 49

23 side 50 water-proof groove

24 side 51 closure/film/moulding

25 side guide 52 baffle/grout

26 rack 53 seal

27 gear 54 intermediate layer