Garlic harvester with residual film recycling function
阅读说明:本技术 具有残膜回收功能的大蒜收获机 (Garlic harvester with residual film recycling function ) 是由 侯加林 李超 姜广民 姜中亚 牛子孺 李天华 吴彦强 于 2019-12-30 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种具有残膜回收功能的大蒜收获机,包括动力装置,以及安装在所述动力装置上的切割装置和挖掘装置,所述动力装置上还安装有残膜收集装置,所述残膜收集装置包括位于切割装置前方的支撑架、轴接于所述支撑架上的缠绕架,以及驱动所述缠绕架转动且安装在支撑架上的第一驱动装置。本发明可以高效完成切秧、抛秧、挖掘、抖土运输,残膜收集等功能;可有效完成大蒜蒜秧喂入、切割与抛离的任务,效率高,漏割率低;残膜收集装置可有效将残膜从田间拉出,并整齐缠绕在残膜缠绕杆上;通过残膜回收装置可将未收净的残留地膜回收,降低了地膜田间残留量,降低了收获大蒜的含杂率,提高了收获大蒜的品质。(The invention relates to a garlic harvester with a residual film recovery function, which comprises a power device, a cutting device and an excavating device, wherein the cutting device and the excavating device are arranged on the power device, the power device is also provided with a residual film collecting device, and the residual film collecting device comprises a supporting frame positioned in front of the cutting device, a winding frame coupled on the supporting frame, and a first driving device which drives the winding frame to rotate and is arranged on the supporting frame. The invention can efficiently complete the functions of cutting seedlings, throwing seedlings, digging, shaking soil transportation, collecting residual films and the like; the garlic seedling feeding, cutting and throwing-off tasks can be effectively completed, the efficiency is high, and the missing cutting rate is low; the residual film collecting device can effectively pull out the residual film from the field and regularly wind the residual film on the residual film winding rod; can retrieve the remaining plastic film of not receiving completely through incomplete membrane recovery unit, reduce the plastic film field and remain the volume, reduce the miscellaneous rate that contains of results garlic, improve the quality of results garlic.)
1. A garlic harvester with residual film recycling function, which comprises a power device (3), a cutting device (1) and an excavating device (2) which are arranged on the power device (3), and is characterized in that: the power device is also provided with a residual film collecting device (4), and the residual film collecting device (4) comprises a supporting frame (4006) positioned in front of the cutting device, a winding frame connected with the supporting frame through a shaft, and a first driving device driving the winding frame to rotate and be installed on the supporting frame (4006).
2. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame is connected with the power device through an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises a fixing plate (4001) fixedly connected with a machine body of the power device, a connecting plate (4004) with one end hinged with the supporting frame (4006), a connecting rod (4003) and a hydraulic rod I (4002) hinged with the other end of the connecting plate (4004), and one ends, far away from the connecting plate (4004), of the connecting rod (4003) and the hydraulic rod I (4002) are hinged with the fixing plate (4001); and the hydraulic rod II (4005) is hinged with the connecting plate (4004) at one end and the supporting frame (4006) at the other end.
3. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 1, wherein: the winding frame comprises a residual film fixing rod (4009) connected with a first driving device, and two side rings which are axially distributed along the residual film fixing rod (4009) and fixedly connected with the residual film fixing rod, wherein a plurality of residual film winding rods (4010) which are distributed along the circumferential direction and are located on the periphery of the residual film fixing rod are fixedly arranged between the two side rings, a columnar bulge is arranged on the surface of the residual film fixing rod (4009), and a convex tooth is arranged on the surface of the residual film winding rod (4010).
4. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 3, wherein: the supporting frame (4006) is further fixedly connected with a guide strip (4007) located below the winding frame, and a guide hole for the residual film to pass through is formed in the guide strip (4007).
5. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 1, wherein: the excavating device (2) comprises a vehicle body connecting frame (201), a vibration excavating device (300) arranged on the vehicle body connecting frame, a conveying device (500) positioned on the discharging side of the vibration excavating device (300) and a residual film recycling device (600) positioned at the output end of the conveying device (500);
incomplete membrane recovery unit (600) are established incomplete membrane winding axle (602) of fixing on incomplete membrane transmission shaft (601) including incomplete membrane transmission shaft (601) with car body link (201) coupling with the cover, the surface of incomplete membrane winding axle (602) sets firmly a plurality of along radially extending dials the tooth, dial and be equipped with a plurality of teeth on the tooth.
6. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 5, wherein: the vibration excavating device (300) comprises a rotating shaft (110) which is connected with a vehicle body connecting frame (201) in a shaft connection mode and a plurality of eccentric wheels (301) which are distributed along the axial direction and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, wherein a transmission frame (302) is sleeved on each eccentric wheel (301), and comprises a circular ring sleeved on each eccentric wheel and a transmission rod fixedly connected with the circular ring;
a connecting rod (214) which is connected with the vehicle body connecting frame through a shaft is arranged in front of the rotating shaft (110), a scraper knife rest which extends downwards and corresponds to each eccentric wheel is fixedly arranged on the connecting rod (214), the lower part of the scraper knife rest is hinged with a corresponding transmission rod, and a scraper blade is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the scraper knife rest.
7. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function of claim 6, wherein: a plurality of guide strips (308) fixedly connected with the vehicle body connecting frame are arranged behind the shovel blades, and guide channels opposite to the gaps of the adjacent shovel blades are formed between the adjacent guide strips.
8. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 5, wherein: conveyor (500) including being connected with power input's conveyer belt and being located conveyer belt upper surface double-phase gathering together board (209) that set up relatively, set up the net hole that is less than the garlic head size on the conveyer belt, two gather together the interval that forms the garlic passageway between the board and two gather together the board and reduce along direction of delivery gradually, two gather together the great one end of board interval and articulate with the automobile body link through vertical hinge respectively, set firmly on the crossbeam of automobile body link and extend to two respectively and gather together two dead levers (215) that the board deviates from the side mutually downwards.
9. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 1, wherein: the cutting device (1) comprises a cutting main frame (1019) fixedly connected to the front end of the excavating device (2), a reciprocating type cutting knife arranged on the cutting main frame, and a plurality of protective covers (1029) fixedly connected with the cutting main frame and extending forwards, the protective covers (1029) are distributed at intervals along the transverse direction, and garlic shoot channels are formed between adjacent protective covers;
still install the chain II (1021) that is located reciprocating type cutting knife top and follows horizontal extension on the cutting body frame, chain II (1021) are connected with power device's power take off end transmission, and the lateral surface of chain II sets firmly dials tooth (1023).
10. The garlic harvester with residual film recycling function according to claim 9, wherein: the utility model discloses a seedling raising machine, including the chain I, the chain II, the protection cover is last to have a coupling to have dialling wheel (1024) with the dialling tooth (1023) meshing of chain II, the epaxial belt pulley I (1026) that has set firmly of wheel of dialling, still the coupling on the protection cover have through conducting bar belt (1025) with belt pulley I (1026) transmission connection's belt pulley II (1027), set firmly on the conducting bar belt along radial outside extension and along a plurality of seedling bars that lead of circumference distribution.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a garlic harvester with a residual film recycling function.
Background
China is the biggest garlic planting and exporting country in the world, garlic is one of important crop varieties in China, and garlic and products thereof are traditional seasoning food which is liked by people. The garlic is an agricultural product with very strong seasonality, the garlic harvesting period is short, the workload is large, but the garlic harvesting in China is mainly manual harvesting at present, and the mechanization level is still low. The mulching film widely used by garlic growers is not easy to degrade, and the degradable mulching film has high cost and unsatisfactory degradation effect. During the harvesting period of the garlic, the mulching film remained in the field does not harm soil, the harvesting efficiency is reduced, the garlic damage rate and the impurity content rate are improved, and the failure of the harvesting machine is frequent.
Although the garlic harvesters in the current market are divided into a sectional type garlic harvester and a combined type garlic harvester, the sectional type garlic harvester has the functions of low harvesting efficiency, poor soil adaptability, high garlic injury rate, no garlic seedling cutting and seedling throwing and the like; the combined garlic harvester has poor adaptability to rows, large size and high cost, and flexible harvesting cannot be realized. And the existing garlic harvester can not effectively solve the problem of residual film in the field, and causes inconvenience for subsequent cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the garlic harvester with the residual film recovery function, which adopts an eccentric swing type cutting mode to realize the task of efficiently cutting seedlings and throwing away; the digging device adopts 3 groups of digging blades and adopts an eccentric vibration harvesting mode, the digging depth and the soil-entering inclination angle can be adjusted, and the farming range can reach 1500 mm; and a residual film recovery device is arranged to recover most of residual films and broken films in the field. The invention avoids the defect of poor adaptability of the row-oriented harvest to different planting agricultural modes in the aspects of harvesting and digging, overcomes the defect of low row-oriented harvest efficiency, has synchronous operation speed and tractor, high harvest efficiency and stronger popularization, can adapt to different terrains and working conditions, and meets the requirement of agricultural machinery modernization.
The invention provides a garlic harvester with a residual film recovery function, which comprises a power device, a cutting device and an excavating device, wherein the cutting device and the excavating device are arranged on the power device, the power device is also provided with a residual film collecting device, and the residual film collecting device comprises a supporting frame positioned in front of the cutting device, a winding frame coupled on the supporting frame, and a first driving device which drives the winding frame to rotate and is arranged on the supporting frame.
This scheme passes through power device and drives the complete machine walking and provide power for cutting device and excavating gear, when carrying out the results operation, it rotates to drive the winding frame through first drive arrangement, make incomplete membrane winding on the winding frame, realize incomplete membrane and retrieve, set up the support frame in cutting device the place ahead, guarantee to curl up incomplete membrane before the cutting, avoid influencing cutting device work, the power device of this scheme can be the tractor, first drive arrangement can be the hydraulic motor, in order to improve the universality of using, make things convenient for agricultural application, the simplified structure, and the cost is reduced.
As optimization, the support frame is connected with the power device through an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed plate fixedly connected with a machine body of the power device, a connecting plate with one end hinged with the support frame, and a connecting rod and a hydraulic rod I hinged with the other end of the connecting plate, and one ends of the connecting rod and the hydraulic rod I, which are far away from the connecting plate, are hinged with the fixed plate; and the hydraulic rod II is hinged with the connecting plate at one end and the supporting frame at the other end. This optimization scheme passes through guiding mechanism with the support frame and is connected with power device, through the whole height of I steerable incomplete membrane collection device of regulation hydraulic stem, adjusts hydraulic stem II and can keep incomplete membrane collection device's the horizontal gesture of rolling up membrane part, improves the integrality of retrieving the incomplete membrane.
As optimization, the winding frame comprises a residual film fixing rod connected with the first driving device and two side rings which are axially distributed along the residual film fixing rod and fixedly connected with the residual film fixing rod, a plurality of residual film winding rods which are circumferentially distributed and located on the periphery of the residual film fixing rod are fixedly arranged between the two side rings, columnar bulges are arranged on the surface of the residual film fixing rod, and convex teeth are arranged on the surface of the residual film winding rods. The both ends of incomplete membrane winding pole and the both ends of incomplete membrane dead lever are connected with both sides ring solid respectively in this optimization scheme, the structure of this optimization scheme is favorable to reducing the weight of winding frame, it is protruding through setting up the column on incomplete membrane fixed lever surface, can effectively fix the incomplete membrane, prevent the stiff end position drunkenness of incomplete membrane, be equipped with the dogtooth on incomplete membrane winding pole surface, can be when the winding frame is rotatory, utilize the dogtooth to firmly grasp the incomplete membrane, make the incomplete membrane twine on incomplete membrane winding pole, prevent that the incomplete membrane from appearing breaking and drunkenness and influencing the film rolling effect.
Preferably, the support frame is further fixedly connected with a guide strip located below the winding frame, and the guide strip is provided with a guide hole for the residual film to pass through. This optimization scheme makes the plastic film residue guide the conveying at the inside bullport of guide strip through setting up guide strip and bullport during the operation for the even atress of plastic film residue, better tiling winding on plastic film residue winding pole.
As optimization, the excavating device comprises a vehicle body connecting frame, a vibration excavating device arranged on the vehicle body connecting frame, a conveying device positioned on the discharge side of the vibration excavating device and a residual film recycling device positioned at the output end of the conveying device; the residual film recovery device comprises a residual film transmission shaft connected with the vehicle body connecting frame in a shaft coupling mode, and a residual film winding shaft fixed on the residual film transmission shaft in a sleeved mode, wherein a plurality of shifting teeth extending along the radial direction are fixedly arranged on the surface of the residual film winding shaft, and a plurality of teeth are arranged on the shifting teeth. According to the optimized scheme, the garlic bulbs are excavated by the vibration excavating device, so that the excavating effect and efficiency are improved, and the excavated garlic is conveyed backwards by the conveying device along with the forward advance of the whole machine, so that the harvesting operation efficiency is improved; when the harvesting operation, dial the tooth and rotate, dial tooth above the tooth and can grasp the incomplete membrane and make incomplete membrane twine on incomplete membrane winding shaft, carry out further recovery to incomplete membrane, on the other hand can be dialled out gathering together the garlic at the conveyor tail end, provides a power upwards to the rear slant for the garlic, prevents that the garlic seedling from falling into the net of conveyer belt, has not only retrieved incomplete membrane, has effectively reduced moreover and has included miscellaneous rate.
Preferably, the vibration excavating device comprises a rotating shaft connected to the vehicle body connecting frame in a shaft connection mode and a plurality of eccentric wheels which are distributed along the axial direction and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, a transmission frame is sleeved on each eccentric wheel, and each transmission frame comprises a circular ring sleeved on each eccentric wheel and a transmission rod fixedly connected with the circular ring;
the front of the rotating shaft is provided with a connecting rod which is connected with the vehicle body connecting frame through a shaft, the connecting rod is fixedly provided with a scraper knife rest which extends downwards and corresponds to each eccentric wheel, the lower part of the scraper knife rest is hinged with a corresponding transmission rod, and the bottom end of the scraper knife rest is fixedly provided with a scraper blade. When the optimized scheme is used, the rotating shaft rotates to drive the eccentric wheel to rotate, and the eccentric wheel drives the circular ring to do eccentric motion when rotating, so that the transmission rod is driven to do reciprocating motion back and forth periodically, the shovel blade frame and the shovel blade are driven to do reciprocating rotation around the connecting rod, the function of vibrating soil loosening and excavating is achieved, and the device is adaptable to complex geological conditions.
Preferably, a plurality of guide strips fixedly connected with the vehicle body connecting frame are arranged behind the shovel blades, and guide channels opposite to the gaps of the adjacent shovel blades are formed between the adjacent guide strips. According to the optimized scheme, the guide strips are arranged, so that the excavated garlic is moved to the conveying device along the guide channel, and the moving directionality of the garlic is improved.
As optimization, conveyor is including being connected with power input's conveyer belt and being located the two double-phase gathering plate that set up relatively of conveyer belt upper surface, set up the latticed hole that is less than the garlic head size on the conveyer belt, two gather together the interval that forms the garlic passageway between the board and two gather together the board and reduce along direction of delivery gradually, two gather together the great one end of board interval and articulate with the automobile body link through vertical hinge shaft respectively, set firmly on the crossbeam of automobile body link and extend to two respectively and gather together two dead levers that the board deviates from the side mutually. According to the optimized scheme, the grid holes are formed in the transmission belt, so that soil adhered to the garlic falls off along with the rotation of the transmission belt in the transportation process, the fallen soil is leaked out of the grid holes, and the garlic carrying soil is reduced; garlic on the transmission belt is gathered and guided by arranging a gathering plate so as to realize the concentrated discharge of the garlic; the fixing rod is used for limiting the gathering plate to rotate outwards.
Preferably, the cutting device comprises a cutting main frame fixedly connected to the front end of the digging device, a reciprocating type cutting knife arranged on the cutting main frame, and a plurality of protective covers fixedly connected with the cutting main frame and extending forwards, wherein the protective covers are distributed at intervals along the transverse direction, and garlic seedling channels are formed between the adjacent protective covers;
still install the chain II that is located reciprocating type cutting knife top and along horizontal extension on the cutting body frame, chain II is connected with power device's power take off end transmission, and the lateral surface of chain II sets firmly dials the tooth. According to the optimized scheme, the garlic shoot channels are formed through the arranged protective covers, so that the garlic shoots are separated; the chain II rotates to drive the poking teeth to move, and the cut garlic sprouts move to one side of the device along the transverse direction and are discharged.
Furthermore, a shifting wheel meshed with the shifting teeth of the chain II is connected to the protective cover in a shaft mode, a belt pulley I is fixedly arranged on a wheel shaft of the shifting wheel, a belt pulley II in transmission connection with the belt pulley I through a guide belt is further connected to the protective cover in a shaft mode, and a plurality of seedling guide rods which extend outwards in the radial direction and are distributed along the circumferential direction are fixedly arranged on the guide belt. According to the arrangement of the optimized scheme, when the garlic seedlings are stirred to one side by the stirring teeth, the stirring wheel is driven to rotate by meshing with the stirring wheel, the belt pulley I is driven to rotate when the stirring wheel rotates, so that the conducting strip belt is driven to rotate, and the garlic seedlings which are not cut off are stirred by the seedling guide rods in the rotating process of the conducting strip belt to be fed into the cutting area, so that the cutting efficiency is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the functions of cutting seedlings, throwing seedlings, digging, shaking soil transportation, collecting residual films and the like can be efficiently completed; the garlic seedling feeding, cutting and throwing-off tasks can be effectively completed, the efficiency is high, and the missing cutting rate is low; the residual film collecting device can effectively pull out the residual film from the field and regularly wind the residual film on the residual film winding rod; can retrieve the remaining plastic film of not receiving completely through incomplete membrane recovery unit, reduce the plastic film field and remain the volume, reduce the miscellaneous rate that contains of results garlic, improve the quality of results garlic.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the overall structure;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the cutting device;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the cutting device;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the cutting device;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the cutting device;
FIG. 6 is a view showing a structure of a transmission of an eccentric wheel portion;
FIG. 7 is a partial view of the race and holder driving the blade;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cutting device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a leader belt configuration;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the rice seedling guide bar;
FIG. 11 is an isometric view of the digging implement;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the digging implement;
FIG. 13 is a left side view of the digging implement;
FIG. 14 is a top view of the digging implement;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the drive portion of the excavating device;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the excavating device I;
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view II of the digging implement;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a depth stop configuration;
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view III of the digging implement;
FIG. 20 is an isometric view of a residual film collecting device;
FIG. 21 is a partial view of a residual film collecting apparatus.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a garlic harvester with residual film recycling function comprises a power device 3, and a cutting device 1, an
The cutting device 1 comprises a cutting
Still install on the cutting body frame and be located reciprocating type cutting knife top and along II 1021 chains of horizontal extension, II 1021 chains are connected with power device's power take off end transmission, and the lateral surface of chain II sets firmly dials
Specifically, the power required by the cutting device of the embodiment is input to the gear I1001 from a gear on a rotating shaft of the excavating device through a long chain connection, the transmission direction is changed through the
The gear II 1003 outputs power to drive the chain wheel set to rotate, the gear II 1003 is connected with the gear III 1004 through a chain I1020, the gear III 1004, the
The guard plate I1034, the guard plate II 1035, the
The excavating
The
The connecting device 200 comprises a vehicle
The
The depth limiting device 400 comprises a
The residual
Incomplete
The supporting frame is connected with the power device through an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises a
A
The harvester of the embodiment can efficiently complete the functions of cutting seedlings, throwing the seedlings, digging, shaking soil transportation and collecting residual films; the cutting device can effectively complete the tasks of feeding, cutting and throwing garlic seedlings, and has high efficiency and low missed cutting rate; the digging device can effectively complete the digging task of the cut garlic bulbs, and soil is shaken during the transportation process and gathered at the tail end for discharging; the power device is a set of complete common agricultural tractor with a hydraulic system, and is suitable for most tractors to load the equipment; the metal head, the seedling guide strip, the seedling guide belt, the shifting wheel and the chain metal shifting sheet of the cutting device realize the tasks of seedling separation, guiding feeding, cutting and throwing under the combined action, and the cutting device has the advantages of exquisite structure, ingenious transmission and easy replacement and maintenance; the connecting frame of the body of the excavating device is connected with the connecting plate I in a mode of a pin shaft and a hydraulic rod, so that the influence of eccentric vibration on the running smoothness of the whole tractor is avoided; three groups of eccentric wheels of the excavating device have rotation angles which are 180 degrees different from each other, and the excavating shovel alternately moves back and forth to complete a soil loosening and excavating task; the depth limiting parts of the excavating device are provided with depth dividing scales, so that the depth limiting height can be accurately adjusted; the residual mulching film recovery device can recover residual mulching films which are not completely recovered, so that the field residual quantity of the mulching films is reduced, the impurity content of the harvested garlic is reduced, and the quality of the harvested garlic is improved; the residual film collecting device can effectively pull out the residual film from the field and regularly wind the residual film on the residual film winding rod; each part is connected by bolts, so that the adjustment and the replacement are convenient.
Before the harvester works, the residual film end is fixed on the residual
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and shall also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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