阅读说明：本技术 硼肥在防治豌豆白粉病中的应用 (Application of boron fertilizer in preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas ) 是由 喻敏 麦靖文 乔美星 王芳 李学文 刘敏敏 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及硼肥在防治豌豆白粉病中的应用,提供一种用于防治豌豆白粉病的水培营养液：其中的硼元素含量为0.1081–2.162ppm。本发明提供了一种含有较高剂量硼元素的水培营养液,利用该水培培养液栽培豌豆,能够有效地预防、治疗豌豆白粉病,并且对豌豆植株的生长发育起到积极的促进作用。不会导致环境污染、残留、食品安全、病原菌抗药性等问题,在能够对豌豆白粉病发挥有效防治效果的同时,也满足绿色可持续发展的需求。(The invention relates to an application of boron fertilizer in preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas, and provides a water culture nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas, which comprises the following components in part by weight: wherein the content of boron element is 0.1081-2.162 ppm. The invention provides a water culture nutrient solution containing a high-dosage boron element, and peas are cultured by using the water culture nutrient solution, so that powdery mildew of peas can be effectively prevented and treated, and the growth and development of pea plants are positively promoted. The problems of environmental pollution, residue, food safety, pathogenic bacteria drug resistance and the like can not be caused, and the green sustainable development requirement can be met while the effective prevention and treatment effect on the pea powdery mildew can be exerted.)

1. A water culture nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas is characterized in that: wherein the content of boron element is 0.1081-2.162 ppm.

2. The hydroponic nutrient solution for controlling pea powdery mildew as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the composition of the boron source comprises a boron source for providing boron element, wherein the boron source comprises one or more of borax, boric acid and sodium octaborate tetrahydrate.

3. The hydroponic nutrient solution for controlling pea powdery mildew as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the boron source is boric acid, and the content of the boric acid in the water culture nutrient solution is 0.618-12.36 ppm.

4. A method for cultivating peas is characterized in that:

the method comprises the following steps:

s1, in a seed soaking stage, soaking seeds by adopting a first nutrient solution,

s2, in the germination accelerating stage, inserting the seeds obtained in the step S1 into a seedling raising tray, accelerating germination by adopting a second nutrient solution as a culture medium,

s3, in a growth stage, adopting a third nutrient solution as a culture medium to cultivate the seedlings obtained in the S2;

at least one of the first nutrient solution, the second nutrient solution and the third nutrient solution is a hydroponic nutrient solution for controlling pea powdery mildew as claimed in any one of claims 1-3.

5. A method of growing peas as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the second nutrient solution is the water culture nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of pea according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the boron content is 0.541ppm to 1.622 ppm.

6. A method of growing peas as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the first nutrient solution is the water culture nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of pea according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the boron content is 0.108ppm to 0.216 ppm.

7. A method of growing peas as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the third nutrient solution is the water culture nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of pea according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the boron content is 1.081ppm to 3.243 ppm.

8. Use of boric acid in the preparation of a medicament or cultivation substrate for preventing and/or treating pea powdery mildew.

9. Use of the water planting nutrient solution for controlling pea powdery mildew as claimed in any one of claims 1-3 for preparing a medicament or culture medium for preventing and/or treating pea powdery mildew.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of plant medicinal products, and particularly relates to application of boric fertilizer in preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas.

Background

Powdery mildew is a worldwide disease which is common, seriously harmful and difficult to control on many important crops. The infection law of powdery mildew pathogenic bacteria is as follows: pathogenic bacteria conidium germinates to generate attached spore, the attached spore penetrates through the plant cuticle and the epidermal cell wall to enter epidermal cells, a sucker is formed in the epidermal cells at first to absorb nutrients from the plant cells, hyphae growing on the conidium spread among the cells, and conidiophores are formed on the hyphae surface to generate conidia to start a new infection period. The Species of powdery mildew pathogenic bacteria is numerous, 1753, Linnaeus et al, for the first time, in their published monograph plant Species, the classification of powdery mildew was described, and the powdery mildew pathogenic bacteria were named Mucor erysiphe L. 1900 for the first time, and Salmon was classified on the basis of morphology into 6 genera, 49 Species and 11 subspecies. In general, powdery mildew species also differ from plant to plant. Most of the powdery mildew germs can only infect one or a few host plants, and only a few of the powdery mildew germs can infect a plurality of host plants.

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the third soybean crop in the world, grown in nearly 90 countries throughout the world, and is one of the major protein sources for humans and animals. Peas have been cultivated in China for over 2000 years and are widely cultivated all over the country as raw materials of vegetables, grains, feed and the like. According to the statistics of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United nations, the yield of dry pea seeds in China in 2013 is 138 ten thousand tons, which is 2 nd in the world and is second to Canada; in addition, China is the biggest world producing country of vegetable peas. Pea powdery mildew is one of the most important diseases for restricting pea production. Pea powdery mildew is a plant disease mainly caused by airborne pea powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi DC), which belongs to the ascomycotina erysipes order fungi. Powdery mildew of peas can occur in the whole growth period of peas, mostly occurs in the middle and later growth periods, mainly harms leaves, stems and pods of peas, and mostly begins from the leaves. The disease forms sporadic powdery spots on the surface of the leaves at the initial stage, the spots are not easy to be perceived, and the symptoms are gradually obvious along with the disease expansion, so that the affected parts present irregular powdery spots which are mutually combined and spread to the whole leaves, stems and pods. The leaf surface is covered with white powder during peak disease, resulting in rapid withering and yellow curling of the leaves. Small spots appear after the stem and the pod are infected, and the stem and the pod are covered when the disease is serious, so that the stem is withered and yellow, tender stems shrink, pods wither and shrink, and pod grains deform and die. Some of them have small black spots on the hypha layer in the later period of onset, i.e., cyst-occluding shells.

Along with global warming, the damage of powdery mildew to peas is becoming more and more serious, the annual yield loss of disease epidemic can reach 50%, the quantity and quality of fresh pods and seeds are also obviously reduced, large-area yield reduction of peas is directly caused, and the disease becomes an important worldwide pea disease. Therefore, the research on effective strategies for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas has urgent practical significance. Chemical control is a common method for controlling pea powdery mildew, but the control effect of the bactericide is influenced by the spraying period, frequency, environmental conditions, drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and the like. In addition, the use of the bactericide not only increases the production cost, but also causes problems of environmental pollution, residue, food safety, drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide application of a boron fertilizer in controlling pea powdery mildew, so that pea powdery mildew can be effectively controlled through simple and green measures.

According to one aspect of the invention, a water planting nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas is provided: wherein the content of boron element is 0.1081-2.162 ppm.

Preferably, the composition comprises a boron source for providing boron element, and the boron source comprises one or more of borax, boric acid and sodium octaborate tetrahydrate.

Preferably, the boron source is boric acid, and the content of the boric acid in the water culture nutrient solution is 0.618-12.36 ppm.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method for cultivating peas is provided, comprising the following phases: s1, soaking seeds by using a first nutrient solution, S2, accelerating germination, inserting the seeds obtained in the step S1 into a seedling tray, accelerating germination by using a second nutrient solution as a culture medium, and S3, cultivating the seedlings obtained in the step S2 by using a third nutrient solution as the culture medium in a growth stage; at least one of the first nutrient solution, the second nutrient solution and the third nutrient solution is the water culture nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas.

Preferably, the second nutrient solution is a hydroponic nutrient solution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 for controlling powdery mildew of peas, wherein the boron content is 0.541ppm to 1.622 ppm.

Preferably, the first nutrient solution is the water culture nutrient solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas, and the boron content of the water culture nutrient solution is 0.108 ppm-0.216 ppm.

Preferably, the third nutrient solution is the water planting nutrient solution for preventing and treating pea powdery mildew, and the boron content of the third nutrient solution is 1.081 ppm-3.243 ppm.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of boric acid in the manufacture of a medicament or cultivation substrate for the prevention and/or treatment of pea powdery mildew.

According to another aspect of the invention, the water planting nutrient solution for preventing and treating pea powdery mildew is provided for use in preparing a medicament or a culture substrate for preventing and/or treating pea powdery mildew.

The invention provides a water culture nutrient solution containing a high-dosage boron element, and peas are cultured by using the water culture nutrient solution, so that powdery mildew of peas can be effectively prevented and treated, and the growth and development of pea plants are positively promoted. The boron element with a certain dosage can generate effective elements with effective inhibition effect on pathogenic bacteria of pea powdery mildew, wherein the medicament prepared by taking boric acid as a boron source can achieve the best pea powdery mildew prevention and treatment effect. The boron element is used as a necessary trace element for plant growth, is applied to the preparation of the medicament for preventing and treating plant diseases, does not cause the problems of environmental pollution, residue, food safety, pathogenic bacteria drug resistance and the like, can play an effective prevention and treatment effect on pea powdery mildew, and simultaneously meets the requirement of green sustainable development. In addition, in the culture solution for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas prepared by the invention, boron is effectively used, so that a boron source can be provided by a single-element boron fertilizer in actual production. The single element boron fertilizer is one of single trace element fertilizers, and is formulated and issued according to the agricultural ministry, and the single trace element fertilizer belongs to the fertilizer category which is not registered, so that the production and the sale of the materials are more convenient. Therefore, the single-element boron fertilizer is used as the raw material of the pea powdery mildew prevention and control product, so that the waiting time for putting the product into production and selling can be effectively shortened, and the market opportunity can be favorably preempted. For research personnel, the way of obtaining the single-element boron fertilizer is multiple, and the raw materials are easy to obtain, so that convenience is brought to the development of the product for preventing and treating powdery mildew of peas.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a plant treated in example 3 at day 10 of the growth phase;

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a plant treated in example 3 with treatment III taken as a real object on day 10 of the growth phase;

FIG. 3 is a photograph of a plant treated with the method of example 3 at day 10 of the growth phase;

FIG. 4 is a photograph of a plant treated with treatment V in example 3 taken as a real object on day 10 of the growth phase;

FIG. 5 is a photograph of a plant from treatment VI of example 3 taken as a 10 th day during the growth phase;

FIG. 6 is a pictorial representation of the 10 th day after the treated VII plant of example 3 enters the growth phase;

FIG. 7 is a physical picture taken on day 10 of the plant treated with treatment VIII in example 3 entering the growth phase;

FIG. 8 is a pictorial representation of a 10 th day after the plant treated IX in example 3 enters the growth phase.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.