Automatic water spraying system for seedling culture
阅读说明：本技术 育苗用自动喷水系统 (Automatic water spraying system for seedling culture ) 是由 庞利民 张平 崔丽利 于 2019-11-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于农业灌溉技术领域,针对现有技术中幼苗的喷水时间及喷水量是否符合幼苗的实际需求难以确认的问题,提供了一种育苗用自动喷水系统,包括：采集端,用于采集育苗室内环境数据；服务器,用于根据采集的环境数据生成喷水信号；执行端,用于根据喷水信号对幼苗进行喷水。本申请每次对幼苗进行喷水前,都结合幼苗室内的具体环境并为其生成了对应的喷水方案,进而保证实际的喷水方式更加符合幼苗的实际需求。和现有技术相比,可以规避喷水的时间或者水量不符合幼苗的实际需求,导致幼苗生长不理想的情况。(The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and provides an automatic water spraying system for seedling culture, aiming at the problem that whether the water spraying time and the water spraying amount of seedlings meet the actual requirements of the seedlings in the prior art is difficult to confirm, which comprises the following components: the collection end is used for collecting environmental data in the seedling raising room; the server is used for generating a water spraying signal according to the acquired environmental data; and the execution end is used for spraying water to the seedling according to the water spraying signal. This application combines the indoor specific environment of seedling and has generated the water spray scheme that corresponds for it before spraying water to the seedling at every turn, and then guarantees that actual water spray mode accords with the actual demand of seedling more. Compared with the prior art, the condition that the seedling is not ideal in growth caused by the fact that the water spraying time or water quantity does not meet the actual requirement of the seedling can be avoided.)
1. Automatic water spraying system for seedling cultivation is characterized by comprising:
the collection end is used for collecting environmental data in the seedling raising room;
the server is used for generating a water spraying signal according to the acquired environmental data;
and the execution end is used for spraying water to the seedling according to the water spraying signal.
2. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acquisition end is also used for acquiring a growth image of the seedling;
the server comprises a calculation module, a storage module, a feature extraction module, a matching module and a synthesis module;
the computing module is used for generating a water spraying signal according to the environmental data;
the storage module is internally stored with a feature library of each growth stage of the seedling and also stores a supplementary water spraying signal of each growth stage of the seedling;
the characteristic extraction module is used for extracting characteristics in an image identification mode according to the growth image of the seedling;
the matching module is used for matching the extracted features with the feature library, identifying the growth stage to which the seedling belongs, and acquiring a corresponding supplementary water spraying signal according to the growth stage to which the seedling belongs;
the synthesis module is used for generating a comprehensive water spraying signal according to the water spraying signal and the supplementary water spraying signal;
and the execution end sprays water according to the comprehensive water spraying signal.
3. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the calculation module generates a water spraying signal by using a preset neural network model according to the environmental data.
4. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: the features extracted by the feature extraction module include color features, shape features, and size features.
5. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: the acquisition end is also used for detecting the actual water pressure of the spray head;
a mapping relation library between the water pump pressure and the theoretical water pressure of the spray head is stored in the storage module;
the server further comprises a checking module which is used for obtaining the theoretical water pressure of the sprayer according to the pressure data in the comprehensive water spraying signal and the mapping relation library of the storage module, comparing the actual water pressure of the sprayer detected by the detection module with the theoretical water pressure, and generating an equipment maintenance signal when the difference value between the actual water pressure and the theoretical water pressure is larger than a preset threshold value.
6. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: the management terminal comprises an alarm receiving module and a reminding module;
the alarm receiving module is used for receiving the maintenance signal;
the reminding module is used for sending out a reminding when the alarm receiving module receives the maintenance signal.
7. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that: the reminding mode of the reminding module is voice and words.
8. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an illumination sensor.
9. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water spraying signal comprises the pressure of the water pump and the water spraying duration.
10. The automatic water spraying system for raising seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seedling raising chamber comprises a water supply tank, a water culture tank, a wastewater tank and a nutrient solution tank; the collection end and the execution end are both arranged in the water culture box;
the water supply tank is communicated with the water culture tank through a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe; the water culture tank is communicated with the waste water tank through a water outlet pipe, a water outlet pump is arranged on the water outlet pipe, the execution end comprises a controller, and the water outlet pump is electrically connected with the controller of the execution end;
the server is also used for sending a water changing signal to the controller of the execution end according to a preset time period;
after receiving the water change signal, the PLC opens the water outlet pump for N minutes;
an impeller is arranged in the waste water tank, the impeller is horizontally arranged, and the impeller is opposite to a water outlet of the water outlet pump; a first rotating rod is fixedly arranged on the axis of the impeller, the lower end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected with the bottom of the waste water tank, a first belt pulley is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first rotating rod, and the first rotating rod penetrates through the axis of the first belt pulley;
the bottom of the water supply tank is rotatably connected with a second rotating rod, and the bottom end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected with the bottom of the water supply tank; a second belt pulley is fixedly arranged on the second rotating rod, and the second rotating rod penetrates through the axis of the second belt pulley; the second belt pulley and the first belt pulley are positioned at the same height; the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley are sleeved with a belt; the lower half part of the rod body of the second rotating rod is fixedly provided with a stirring blade;
the bottom of the nutrient solution box is provided with a first through hole, a bracket is fixedly arranged below the nutrient solution box, the bracket is fixedly connected by a cross rod and a vertical rod, and the nutrient solution box is positioned above the water inlet box; the bottom surface of the nutrient solution is rotatably connected with a shielding disc, a second through hole is formed in the shielding disc, and the second through hole is as large as the first through hole; when the shielding disc rotates, the first through hole can be superposed with the second through hole;
the second rotating rod and the shielding disc are coaxial, and the top of the second rotating rod is fixed with the lower surface of the shielding disc;
a vertical sliding groove is formed in the left side of the waste water tank, and a first water floating block is connected to the left side of the waste water tank in a sliding mode through the sliding groove; a conversion block is fixedly arranged on the left side of the waste water tank and is positioned at the top end of the chute, a water inlet pump starting switch is fixed on the lower surface of the conversion block, and the water inlet pump starting switch is positioned right above the first water floating block;
open on the inside right side wall of water planting case has vertical spout, and the right side wall of water planting case has the second water floating block through spout sliding connection, and intake pump disconnect-switch fixes on the lateral wall of water planting case, and intake pump disconnect-switch is located directly over the second water floating block.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and particularly relates to an automatic water spraying system for seedling culture.
Background
The seedling cultivation means seedling cultivation in a nursery, a hotbed or a greenhouse for transplanting to the land for planting. In a common saying, "strong and half-harvest of the seedlings", the growth condition of the vegetables in the seedling raising stage has a great influence on the final harvest condition. Therefore, the seedling culture is also a work with high labor intensity, time consumption and strong technical performance.
The main mode of seedling culture is centralized seedling culture and transplantation, after a proper hole tray is selected, a good substrate is selected for filling and punching, and then seeds are uniformly sowed in the center of the hole. After that, water is appropriately sprayed.
At present, the water spray to the seedling mostly adopts the manual control shower nozzle water spray, but when such mode sprayed water, the seedling was only passive receipt moisture, and the time of water spray or the actual demand that whether the water yield accords with the seedling all are difficult to consider. Therefore, the growth of seedlings is not ideal when raising seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic water spraying system for seedling culture, aiming at the problems that in the prior art, whether the water spraying time or the water quantity meets the actual requirements of seedlings is difficult to consider, and the situation that the seedlings grow imperfectly is easy to occur during seedling culture.
The basic scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
automatic water spraying system for seedling culture comprises:
the collection end is used for collecting environmental data in the seedling raising room;
the server is used for generating a water spraying signal according to the acquired environmental data;
and the execution end is used for spraying water to the seedling according to the water spraying signal.
Basic scheme theory of operation and beneficial effect:
after the collection end collects environmental data in the seedling growing room, the server analyzes the environmental data to generate a water spraying signal, and then the execution end sprays water to the seedlings according to the water spraying signal.
Before spraying water to the seedling at every turn, all combine the indoor concrete environment of seedling and for it has generated the water spray scheme that corresponds, and then guarantee that actual water spray mode accords with the actual demand of seedling more. Compared with the prior art, the condition that the seedling is not ideal in growth caused by the fact that the water spraying time or water quantity does not meet the actual requirement of the seedling can be avoided.
Furthermore, the acquisition end is also used for acquiring a growth image of the seedling;
the server comprises a calculation module, a storage module, a feature extraction module, a matching module and a synthesis module;
the computing module is used for generating a water spraying signal according to the environmental data;
the storage module is internally stored with a feature library of each growth stage of the seedling and also stores a supplementary water spraying signal of each growth stage of the seedling;
the characteristic extraction module is used for extracting characteristics in an image identification mode according to the growth image of the seedling;
the matching module is used for matching the extracted features with the feature library, identifying the growth stage to which the seedling belongs, and acquiring a corresponding supplementary water spraying signal according to the growth stage to which the seedling belongs;
the synthesis module is used for generating a comprehensive water spraying signal according to the water spraying signal and the supplementary water spraying signal;
and the execution end sprays water according to the comprehensive water spraying signal.
The growth of the seedling is divided into a plurality of different stages, the water spraying amount required by the seedling is different in the different stages, and in such a way, after the growth stage to which the seedling belongs is automatically identified before water spraying, a supplementary water spraying signal corresponding to the growth stage is matched, and then the synthesis module is used for generating a comprehensive water spraying signal according to the water spraying signal and the supplementary water spraying signal.
The comprehensive water spraying signal generated in this way not only refers to the specific environment where the seedling is located, but also comprehensively considers the growth stage where the seedling is located, and more meets the actual water spraying requirement of the seedling.
Further, the calculation module generates a water spray signal by using a preset neural network model according to the environmental data.
The neural network model has the capability of searching an optimal solution at a high speed, and various environmental data can quickly obtain a proper water spraying signal. Meanwhile, the neural network model has a self-learning function and can be continuously self-optimized and perfected in the application process.
Further, the features extracted by the feature extraction module include color features, shape features, and size features.
According to the characteristics, the growth stage to which the seedling belongs can be accurately identified.
Furthermore, the acquisition end is also used for detecting the actual water pressure of the spray head;
a mapping relation library between the water pump pressure and the theoretical water pressure of the spray head is stored in the storage module;
the server further comprises a checking module which is used for obtaining the theoretical water pressure of the sprayer according to the pressure data in the comprehensive water spraying signal and the mapping relation library of the storage module, comparing the actual water pressure of the sprayer detected by the detection module with the theoretical water pressure, and generating a maintenance signal of the equipment when the difference value between the actual water pressure and the theoretical water pressure is larger than a preset threshold value.
And when the difference value between the actual water pressure and the theoretical water pressure of the spray head is greater than a preset threshold value, generating an overhaul signal of the equipment.
Can check equipment like this, judge whether normal operating of equipment, when equipment goes wrong, generate and overhaul the signal, can avoid leading to the water spray volume that the seedling can not obtain the ideal for a long time because of equipment problem, and then the condition of the growth of influence seedling.
The system further comprises a management end, wherein the management end comprises an alarm receiving module and a reminding module;
the alarm receiving module is used for receiving the maintenance signal;
the reminding module is used for sending out a reminding when the alarm receiving module receives the maintenance signal.
When the instrument is identified to have problems, the manager receives the maintenance signal in time and notices the signal under the reminding of the reminding module, so that the manager can conveniently and timely send the personnel to maintain the equipment.
Furthermore, the reminding mode of the reminding module is voice and words.
Thus, the manager can be ensured to notice the overhaul signal.
Further, the acquisition end comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an illumination sensor.
Like this, can gather the temperature, humidity and the illuminance of growing seedlings room, can have comparatively comprehensive understanding to the environment of growing seedlings room.
Further, the water spray signal includes water pump pressure and water spray duration.
This enables proper watering of the seedlings.
Further, the seedling raising chamber comprises a water supply tank, a water culture tank, a wastewater tank and a nutrient solution tank; the collection end and the execution end are both arranged in the water culture box;
the water supply tank is communicated with the water culture tank through a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe; the water culture tank is communicated with the waste water tank through a water outlet pipe, a water outlet pump is arranged on the water outlet pipe, the execution end comprises a controller, and the water outlet pump is electrically connected with the controller of the execution end;
the server is also used for sending a water changing signal to the controller of the execution end according to a preset time period;
after receiving the water change signal, the PLC opens the water outlet pump for N minutes;
an impeller is arranged in the waste water tank, the impeller is horizontally arranged, and the impeller is opposite to a water outlet of the water outlet pump; a first rotating rod is fixedly arranged on the axis of the impeller, the lower end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected with the bottom of the waste water tank, a first belt pulley is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first rotating rod, and the first rotating rod penetrates through the axis of the first belt pulley;
the bottom of the water supply tank is rotatably connected with a second rotating rod, and the bottom end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected with the bottom of the water supply tank; a second belt pulley is fixedly arranged on the second rotating rod, and the second rotating rod penetrates through the axis of the second belt pulley; the second belt pulley and the first belt pulley are positioned at the same height; the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley are sleeved with a belt; the lower half part of the rod body of the second rotating rod is fixedly provided with a stirring blade;
the bottom of the nutrient solution box is provided with a first through hole, a bracket is fixedly arranged below the nutrient solution box, the bracket is fixedly connected by a cross rod and a vertical rod, and the nutrient solution box is positioned above the water inlet box; the bottom surface of the nutrient solution is rotatably connected with a shielding disc, a second through hole is formed in the shielding disc, and the second through hole is as large as the first through hole; when the shielding disc rotates, the first through hole can be superposed with the second through hole;
the second rotating rod and the shielding disc are coaxial, and the top of the second rotating rod is fixed with the lower surface of the shielding disc;
a vertical sliding groove is formed in the left side of the waste water tank, and a first water floating block is connected to the left side of the waste water tank in a sliding mode through the sliding groove; a conversion block is fixedly arranged on the left side of the waste water tank and is positioned at the top end of the chute, a water inlet pump starting switch is fixed on the lower surface of the conversion block, and the water inlet pump starting switch is positioned right above the first water floating block;
open on the inside right side wall of water planting case has vertical spout, and the right side wall of water planting case has the second water floating block through spout sliding connection, and intake pump disconnect-switch fixes on the lateral wall of water planting case, and intake pump disconnect-switch is located directly over the second water floating block.
Therefore, the worker only needs to calculate the approximate weight of the plant in one period according to experience and then randomly pump the nutrient solution and the water in the water supply tank with the number changed in advance at any time. Then, when the water in the water culture box needs to be replaced, the device can be automatically replaced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a logic block diagram of a first embodiment of an automatic water spraying system for seedling raising of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a second embodiment of the automatic sprinkler system for growing seedlings according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a first rotating rod in a second embodiment of the automatic water spraying system for seedling cultivation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the bottom surface of the nutrient solution tank in the second embodiment of the automatic water spraying system for seedling cultivation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: hydroponic case 1, waste water tank 2, feed water tank 3,
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic water spraying system for seedling raising comprises a collecting end, a server, an executing end and a managing end. The acquisition end and the execution end are communicated with the control end in the existing communication mode, such as a wide band.
Collection end
The acquisition end comprises a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, an illumination sensor, a camera and a water pressure gauge.
The humidity sensor is used for acquiring the humidity value of the seedling raising room; the temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature value of the seedling raising room; the illumination sensor is used for acquiring the illumination value of the seedling raising room; the camera is used for acquiring a growth image of the seedling; the water pressure gauge is used for detecting the water pressure of the spray head.
Through gathering the end, can carry out comparatively comprehensive collection to the environmental data of growing seedlings room.
Server
In this embodiment, the server is a PC server, and in other embodiments, a cloud server or a distributed server may also be used.
The server comprises a calculation module, a storage module, a feature extraction module, a matching module, a synthesis module and a checking module.
And the calculation module generates a water spraying signal by using a preset neural network model according to the environmental data. Specifically, the environmental data includes a humidity value, a temperature value, and a light illumination value. In this embodiment, the preset neural network model is a BP neural network model. Compared with other neural network models, the BP neural network model has good fault tolerance rate, excellent adaptability and difficult problem occurrence.
The storage module is internally stored with a feature library of each growth stage of the seedling and also stores a supplementary water spraying signal of each growth stage of the seedling;
the feature extraction module is configured to perform feature extraction in an image recognition manner according to the received growth image, and specifically, the extracted features include color features, shape features, and size features.
The matching module is used for matching the extracted features with the feature library and identifying the growth stage to which the seedling belongs; and acquiring a corresponding supplementary water spraying signal according to the growth stage of the seedling.
The synthesis module is used for generating a comprehensive water spraying signal according to the water spraying signal and the supplementary water spraying signal and sending the comprehensive water spraying signal to the execution end. The comprehensive water spraying signal comprises the pressure of the water pump and the water spraying time.
The growth of the seedling is divided into a plurality of different stages, the water spraying amount required by the seedling is different in the different stages, and in such a way, after the growth stage to which the seedling belongs is automatically identified before water spraying, a supplementary water spraying signal corresponding to the growth stage is matched, and then the synthesis module is used for generating a comprehensive water spraying signal according to the water spraying signal and the supplementary water spraying signal.
The comprehensive water spraying signal generated in this way not only refers to the specific environment where the seedling is located, but also comprehensively considers the growth stage where the seedling is located, and more meets the actual water spraying requirement of the seedling.
The checking module obtains the theoretical water pressure of the sprayer according to the pressure data in the comprehensive water spraying signal and the mapping relation library of the storage module; the checking module is also used for comparing the actual water pressure of the sprayer detected by the detecting module with the theoretical water pressure, and when the difference value between the actual water pressure and the theoretical water pressure is greater than a preset threshold value, an equipment maintenance signal is generated.
And when the difference value between the actual water pressure and the theoretical water pressure of the spray head is greater than a preset threshold value, generating an overhaul signal of the equipment.
Can check equipment like this, judge whether normal operating of equipment, when equipment goes wrong, generate and overhaul the signal, can avoid leading to the water spray volume that the seedling can not obtain the ideal for a long time because of equipment problem, and then the condition of the growth of influence seedling.
Through checking the module, can judge whether normal operating of equipment, when equipment goes wrong, generate the maintenance signal, can avoid leading to the water spray volume that the seedling can not obtain the ideal for a long time because of equipment problems, and then influence the condition of the growth of seedling.
Execution terminal
In this embodiment, the execution end includes PLC controller, water pump and solenoid valve.
And the PLC controls the electromagnetic valve and the water pump according to the received comprehensive water spraying signal. The PLC controller is the existing agricultural PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the water pressure of the spray head by controlling the pressure of the water pump, and meanwhile, the opening and closing of the spray head are controlled by controlling the electromagnetic valve, so that the water spraying time is controlled.
Management terminal
In this embodiment, the management end is APP. And the management terminal is communicated with the server through the 4G module.
The management terminal comprises an alarm receiving module and a reminding module.
The alarm receiving module is used for receiving the maintenance signal.
The reminding module is used for sending out a reminding when the alarm receiving module receives the maintenance signal. In this embodiment, the reminding mode of the reminding module is voice and text.
When the instrument is identified to have problems, the manager receives the maintenance signal in time and notices the signal under the reminding of the reminding module, so that the manager can conveniently and timely send the personnel to maintain the equipment. The voice and character reminding mode can ensure that the manager can notice the maintenance signal.
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