阅读说明：本技术 防治黄颡鱼细菌性疾病的饲料添加剂 (Feed additive for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pelteobagrus fulvidraco ) 是由 刘学成 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种防治黄颡鱼细菌性疾病的饲料添加剂,按照重量份数计算,包括以下原料：茯苓20～26份、金银花16～24份、霍山石斛提取物25～35份、杜仲精油6～12份及载体10～16份；载体为改性的麦饭石粉。该饲料添加剂能够有效抑制有害病菌的生长,预防治疗细菌性烂鳃病的效果显著。(The invention provides a feed additive for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pelteobagrus fulvidraco, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-26 parts of poria cocos, 16-24 parts of honeysuckle, 25-35 parts of dendrobium huoshanense extract, 6-12 parts of eucommia ulmoides essential oil and 10-16 parts of a carrier; the carrier is modified medical stone powder. The feed additive can effectively inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, and has remarkable effect of preventing and treating bacterial gill-rot disease.)

1. The feed additive for preventing and treating the bacterial diseases of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

20-26 parts of poria cocos, 16-24 parts of honeysuckle, 25-35 parts of dendrobium huoshanense extract, 6-12 parts of eucommia ulmoides essential oil and 10-16 parts of a carrier; the carrier is modified medical stone powder.

2. The feed additive for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1, wherein the dendrobium huoshanense extract is mainly prepared by the following method:

1) adding dendrobium huoshanense into water for cooking for 5-10 min to obtain cooking liquor, and pulping to obtain pulp;

2) cooling the slurry to 40-60 ℃, adding cellulase for enzymolysis for 3-5 h, and then heating and inactivating to obtain an enzymolysis solution;

3) and fermenting the enzymolysis liquid by using candida utilis at the fermentation temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 62-78 h, filtering the fermentation liquid, and concentrating and drying the filtrate at low temperature to obtain the dendrobium huoshanense extract.

3. The feed additive for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 2, wherein the addition amount of the cellulase is 1.8-3.5% of the weight of the dendrobium huoshanense.

4. The feed additive for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 2, wherein the adding amount of candida utilis is 3.2-5.4% of the weight of dendrobium huoshanense.

5. The feed additive for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1, wherein the modified medical stone powder is obtained by soaking medical stone powder in 10 wt% zinc stearate solution for ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 min, then fishing out, cleaning and drying.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a feed additive for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Background

The pelteobagrus fulvidraco inhabits shallow water areas around lakes and rivers where slow-flow multi-water grass flows, lives on the camp and benthonic, and particularly likes to live in places where still water or slow-flow shoals are contained and where humus and mud are abundant. The pelteobagrus fulvidraco feeding habit is omnivorous, animal feed is taken as a main part under natural conditions, zooplankton is taken as a feed in a fry stage, and insects and larvae thereof, small fishes and shrimps, mussels and the like are taken as feed in adult fishes and plant debris is swallowed. The poplar root and the like also find that the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in 30 months can eat a large amount of fertilized eggs of carp, crucian carp and the like. The observation of Yunning and the like shows that the recipe of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is wide, and the composition of food is changed under different environmental conditions. According to the analysis of food in the stomach and intestine of the 101-tailed pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the food types comprise juvenile fish, roe, shrimps, aquatic insects, snails, aquatic plants and the like, wherein the shrimp occurrence frequency is highest.

The intensification degree is continuously improved, the pond is aged, the water quality of the aquaculture water bath is poor, some aquaculture water baths even show seasonal outbreak trend, great economic loss is caused, and the development of fishery is severely restricted. The main cause of fish death is bacterial new infections. Bacterial gill rot disease is one of the diseases. The rotten gill silk of the diseased fish is provided with sludge, the inner epidermis of the gill cover bone is often congested, and the epidermis of the middle part is often corroded into a round transparent small window (commonly called as a skylight) with an irregular pubic ratio. Under microscope observation, after the grass carp gill valve is infected with myxobacteria, the caused tissue lesion is not inflammation and congestion, but cell tissues in the lesion area show different degrees of rotting, ulceration and 'erosive' bleeding. In addition, pathological changes in gill tissue have been observed to progress through three processes, inflammatory edema, cell proliferation and necrosis, and are divided into two types, chronic and acute. The chronic type is mainly hyperplasia, while the acute type is characterized in that inflammatory edema is rapidly transformed into necrosis due to short course of disease, and hyperplasia is not serious or hardly appears.

At present, the commonly used prevention and treatment method is to use chlorine dioxide for disinfection in a whole pond, and the concentration is 200-; the mixed-feeding fish is fed with 10-15 mg of florfenicol (0.2-0.3 g of florfenicol is used per kg of feed according to 5% of feed feeding amount) per kg of body weight, and the mixed-feeding fish is fed 1 time a day and is used for 3-5 days continuously. The treatment and prevention method can easily cause accumulation in fish bodies, and the drug resistance is obvious.

Disclosure of Invention

The feed additive for preventing and treating the bacterial diseases of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco provided by the invention can effectively inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and has a remarkable effect of preventing and treating the bacterial gill-rot disease.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the feed additive for preventing and treating the bacterial diseases of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

20-26 parts of poria cocos, 16-24 parts of honeysuckle, 25-35 parts of dendrobium huoshanense extract, 6-12 parts of eucommia ulmoides essential oil and 10-16 parts of a carrier; the carrier is modified medical stone powder.

Preferably, the dendrobium huoshanense extract is mainly prepared by the following method:

1) adding dendrobium huoshanense into water for cooking for 5-10 min to obtain cooking liquor, and pulping to obtain pulp;

2) cooling the slurry to 40-60 ℃, adding cellulase for enzymolysis for 3-5 h, and then heating and inactivating to obtain an enzymolysis solution;

3) and fermenting the enzymolysis liquid by using candida utilis at the fermentation temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 62-78 h, filtering the fermentation liquid, and concentrating and drying the filtrate at low temperature to obtain the dendrobium huoshanense extract.

Preferably, the addition amount of the cellulase is 1.8-3.5% of the weight of the dendrobium huoshanense.

Preferably, the adding amount of the candida utilis is 3.2-5.4% of the weight of the dendrobium huoshanense.

Preferably, the modified medical stone powder is prepared by soaking medical stone powder in 10 wt% zinc stearate solution for ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 min, then fishing out, cleaning and drying.

The preparation method of the feed additive for preventing and treating the bacterial diseases of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco comprises the following steps:

the raw materials are weighed according to the proportion and then mixed and stirred evenly.

Poria cocos, with sweet, bland and mild nature and taste, enters heart, lung and spleen meridians. Has effects of eliminating dampness, promoting diuresis, invigorating spleen, regulating stomach function, calming heart, and tranquilizing mind. Can be used for treating dysuria, edema, fullness, phlegm retention, cough, vomiting, obstruction, diarrhea, and spermatorrhea.

The honeysuckle plant is commonly called. Honeysuckle, also known as honeysuckle, is a perennial semi-evergreen wound woody vine of the family Caprifoliaceae. Flos Lonicerae has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, dredging meridian passage. Has certain inhibiting effect on various pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, escherichia coli, dysentery bacillus, vibrio cholerae, typhoid bacillus, paratyphoid bacillus and the like. The honeysuckle has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, soothing throat, relieving summer heat and relieving restlessness.

Eucommia bark is a famous and precious traditional Chinese medicine, medicinal eucommia bark, namely dried bark of eucommia bark which is a plant of eucommia family, is sweet in taste and warm in nature, contains a small amount of free amino acid and protein, and also contains 8 kinds of amino acid necessary for a human body. Research and determination show that the eucommia bark contains 15 mineral elements including zinc, copper, iron and other trace elements and calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and other macro elements. The eucommia essential oil is health-care essential oil extracted by processing eucommia, can tonify liver and kidney, strengthen bones and muscles, prevent soreness and weakness of waist and knees and difficult urination, and can play a good role.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the dendrobium huoshanense extract in the feed additive for preventing and treating the bacterial diseases of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is easy to absorb by the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, enters the main body part of the fish body, can obviously enhance the immunity of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and particularly can obviously reduce the growth and the propagation of harmful germs by being combined with the zinc stearate modified medical stone powder.

2) The poria cocos, the honeysuckle and the eucommia essential oil in the feed additive can obviously improve the curative effects of bacteria and viral infection of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and the synergistic effect is obvious.

Detailed Description