CBN (cubic boron nitride) blade and machining method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 Cbn刀片及其加工方法 (CBN (cubic boron nitride) blade and machining method thereof ) 是由 胡建平 王若愚 曾敏 于 2018-08-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种CBN刀片及其加工方法,该CBN刀片包括刀片上表面、刀片断屑槽、刀片后刀面、刀片负倒棱、圆形通孔,刀片上表面的一端与刀片断屑槽相连,刀片断屑槽的一端与刀片负倒棱的一端相连,刀片负倒棱的另一端与刀片后刀面相连,刀片后刀面与刀片上表面垂直,圆形通孔位于与刀片上表面的中间。综上所述,本发明扩充了现有CBN刀片及硬质合金刀片的加工方式,使加工方式不在单一,且可以加工复杂形状及槽形,实现片刀槽形对铁屑流向的控制和断屑,达到智能制造及自动化产线的使用要求。(The invention discloses a CBN blade and a processing method thereof, the CBN blade comprises a blade upper surface, a blade chip breaker groove, a blade rear surface, a blade negative chamfer and a circular through hole, wherein one end of the blade upper surface is connected with the blade chip breaker groove, one end of the blade chip breaker groove is connected with one end of the blade negative chamfer, the other end of the blade negative chamfer is connected with the blade rear surface, the blade rear surface is vertical to the blade upper surface, and the circular through hole is positioned in the middle of the blade upper surface. In conclusion, the processing method of the CBN blade and the hard alloy blade expands the processing method of the prior CBN blade and hard alloy blade, so that the processing method is not single, and complex shapes and groove shapes can be processed, the control and chip breaking of the groove shape of the blade to the flow direction of scrap iron are realized, and the use requirements of intelligent manufacturing and automatic production lines are met.)
1. A CBN blade is characterized by comprising a blade upper surface, a blade chip breaker groove, a blade rear cutter surface, a blade negative chamfer and a circular through hole, wherein one end of the blade upper surface is connected with the blade chip breaker groove, one end of the blade chip breaker groove is connected with one end of the blade negative chamfer, the other end of the blade negative chamfer is connected with the blade rear cutter surface, the blade rear cutter surface is vertical to the blade upper surface, and the circular through hole is positioned in the middle of the blade upper surface.
2. The CBN insert as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circular through hole is provided with a chamfered formation.
3. A machining method of a CBN blade is characterized by comprising the following steps:
cutting a CBN material into required sizes by using a linear cutting machine to form a CBN cutter head;
preparing a welding body made of hard alloy, wherein the hard alloy blade is manufactured according to a conventional process route;
thirdly, welding the CBN tool bit on the hard alloy body by using a welding machine and setting a high-frequency current of 50 KHz-400 KHz;
grinding the cutting edge of the CBN blade by a special grinding machine, and processing and sizing the cutting edge, wherein the conventional process route is followed;
placing the blade on a special tool, and adjusting the position;
step six, dissolving and gasifying by using laser to remove redundant materials, and finally processing into the required blade chip breaker groove;
and step seven, using electric sparks, then carrying out a dissolution molding process according to the requirements of drawings, soaking the electrode and the blade in a special liquid medium during processing, and finally processing into the required blade chip breaker groove.
4. The method of machining a CBN blade as claimed in claim 3, wherein the welder in step three is a high frequency welder.
5. The method of machining a CBN blade as claimed in claim 3, in which the power of the laser in step six is in the range 50-500W.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blade and a processing method thereof, in particular to a CBN blade and a processing method thereof.
Background
At present, in the machining industry, Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) is a novel material, can process quenched alloy steel with the hardness as high as HRC65 degrees, and can efficiently process cast iron parts at the linear velocity of 2000 m/min (the linear velocity of a conventional hard alloy blade is only 500 m/min). Because of its high price, all manufacturers at present adopt to cut the big block of expensive CBN material into small blocks (the small blocks of CBN cut are called CBN tool bit), then weld the small blocks of CBN to the body of the carbide (the placing and welding area of the CBN tool bit ground on the carbide blade is called carbide body), after welding, carry on the precision grinding process again, make the welding CBN blade reach the required precision and final dimensional requirement. The processing of present CBN blade rake face is emery wheel abrasive machining, and this type of technology can only process simple plane and plane combination, and complicated shape and recess all can not realize through this type of technology, have restricted the application range of blade, and at ordinary lathe, the digit control machine tool uses this type of CBN blade, can process long bits material, but long smear metal can cause the blade to break edge, and the work piece is scrapped, even the lathe damages. At present, CBN and welding CBN blades are all 0-degree front angles through grinding, negative angle chamfering is carried out on the front tool face, the front angles of the blades cannot control the chip breaking and chip flowing directions of cut materials, chips are squeezed into a cutting area again, secondary cutting is formed to cause vibration, the blades are damaged, the service life of the blades is prolonged, the quality of the blades is not stable, workpieces are scratched due to the winding of long iron chips, the surface quality of the workpieces is poor, and the workpieces are likely to be scrapped when fine machining is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a CBN blade and a processing method thereof, which expand the processing modes of the existing CBN blade and a hard alloy blade, ensure that the processing modes are not single, and can process complicated shapes and grooves, realize the control of the groove shape of the blade on the flow direction of scrap iron and chip breaking, and meet the use requirements of intelligent manufacturing and automatic production lines.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme: a CBN blade is characterized by comprising a blade upper surface, a blade chip breaker groove, a blade rear cutter surface, a blade negative chamfer and a circular through hole, wherein one end of the blade upper surface is connected with the blade chip breaker groove, one end of the blade chip breaker groove is connected with one end of the blade negative chamfer, the other end of the blade negative chamfer is connected with the blade rear cutter surface, the blade rear cutter surface is vertical to the blade upper surface, and the circular through hole is positioned in the middle of the blade upper surface.
Preferably, a chamfer structure is arranged on the circular through hole.
The invention also provides a machining method of the CBN blade, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
cutting a CBN material into required sizes by using a linear cutting machine to form a CBN cutter head;
preparing a welding body made of hard alloy, wherein the hard alloy blade is manufactured according to a conventional process route;
thirdly, welding the CBN tool bit on the hard alloy body by using a welding machine and setting a high-frequency current of 50 KHz-400 KHz;
grinding the cutting edge of the CBN blade by a special grinding machine, and processing and sizing the cutting edge, wherein the conventional process route is followed;
placing the blade on a special tool, and adjusting the position;
step six, dissolving and gasifying by using laser to remove redundant materials, and finally processing into the required blade chip breaker groove;
and step seven, using electric sparks, then carrying out a dissolution molding process according to the requirements of drawings, soaking the electrode and the blade in a special liquid medium during processing, and finally processing into the required blade chip breaker groove.
Preferably, the welder in step three is a high frequency welder.
Preferably, the power of the laser in the sixth step is 50-500W.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the CBN blade and the processing method thereof expand the processing mode of the prior CBN blade and the hard alloy blade, so that the processing mode is not single, the complex shape and the groove shape can be processed, the control and the chip breaking of the groove shape of the blade to the flow direction of scrap iron are realized, the use requirements of intelligent manufacturing and automatic production lines are met, and the service life of the CBN blade is prolonged. When new blade (hard alloy) groove-shaped research and development are carried out, a plurality of simple blanks formed by sintering can be prepared in advance, when newly designed groove shapes need to be verified, the blade groove-shaped object can be machined within one day at the fastest speed, the research and development cycle is only 1/20 of the original research and development cycle from design to objects, and the research and development cycle of new products is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the CBN blade of the present invention includes a blade
The round through hole 5 is provided with a chamfer structure, so that the safety performance of the upper surface of the blade can be improved.
The machining method of the CBN blade comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of placing a whole CBN raw material on a workbench of a wire cutting machine tool, clamping and stabilizing the CBN raw material by using a special clamp, ensuring that the CBN raw material does not move during cutting, cutting the CBN material into required sizes by using the wire cutting machine tool (a slow-moving wire machine tool, the diameter of a copper wire is 0.05-0.25 mm), and designing and selecting the cut CBN material according to different actually-machined parts, wherein the thickness and the size of the CBN cutter tool are the CBN cutter head;
step two: preparing a welding body made of a hard alloy material, wherein the manufacturing process of the hard alloy body follows the manufacturing process of a hard alloy blade in a conventional process, the common process route is that WC (tungsten carbide), cobalt powder and ethanol are mixed, water is mixed in special equipment, then pressing is carried out on a tablet press under the pressure of not more than 30 tons, an upper die and a lower die are all formed by electric spark machining, a blade blank formed by pressing is sintered at the high temperature of about 1400 ℃ in a sintering furnace, the ethanol and the water in the blade blank are removed, then the sintered blade grinds the lower end positioning surface on a special grinding machine, then the blade edge is ground on a special numerical control five-axis grinding machine, and after the process is finished, a placing welding area of a CBN tool bit is ground on the hard alloy blade, and the placing welding area is called as the hard alloy body;
step three: firstly, placing a hard alloy body on a workbench of a high-frequency welding machine, after a special clamp is fixed, placing a CBN tool bit on a placing area (needing to be coated with special welding flux) on the hard alloy body through a special movable clamp, and setting high-frequency current of 50 KHz-400 KHz to weld the CBN tool bit on the hard alloy body;
step four: the method comprises the following steps that a CBN blade is clamped and welded by a special manipulator, a diamond grinding wheel is used for grinding on a special five-axis blade grinding machine to carry out cutting edge treatment and chamfer dimension grinding on the CBN blade, the conventional process route is followed, and the blade is cleaned in a special cleaning agent and then dried after grinding;
placing the CBN blade on a special tool by using special moving equipment, adjusting the position and stably clamping the CBN blade, and ensuring that the CBN blade does not move during processing;
dissolving and gasifying by using laser to remove redundant materials to form a primary blade chip breaker groove;
and step seven, machining the male die shape by using laser or electric spark (oxygen-free copper or red copper electrode) according to the drawing, then performing a dissolution molding process according to the drawing requirements, soaking the electrode and the blade in a special liquid medium during machining, and finally machining the required blade chip breaker groove.
The welding machine in the third step is a high-frequency welding machine, so that the welding efficiency can be improved, and the production efficiency of the whole process is improved.
The power of the laser in the sixth step is 50-500W, so that the dissolving and gasifying efficiency can be improved, and the forming speed of the chip breaker can be improved.
The invention can be used for processing CBN (cubic boron nitride) blades and hard alloy blade upper surfaces, blade rear tool faces and blade negative chamfers in a grinding mode, but can not be processed in a grinding mode when a blade chip breaker groove part is processed, at the moment, the blades need to be processed in a laser or electric spark non-contact mode, front angles and blade chip breakers can be processed on the CBN material blades, meanwhile, the processing of other complex shapes can be realized by the process, and the processing mode can be used without blade appearance requirements (the appearance contained in the ISO standard and the shape not in the ISO standard).
In conclusion, the CBN blade and the processing method thereof expand the processing modes of the prior CBN blade and the prior hard alloy blade, so that the processing mode is not single, the complex shape and the groove shape can be processed, the control of the groove shape of the blade to the flow direction of scrap iron and the chip breaking are realized, and the use requirements of intelligent manufacturing and automatic production lines are met.
The above embodiments are described in further detail to solve the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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