阅读说明：本技术 一种利用微生物诱导矿化修复钟乳石的方法 (Method for repairing stalactite by inducing mineralization of microorganisms ) 是由 陈思 李�东 阳畅 杨瀚 甘夏 沈孟林 李鸿儒 于 2019-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于岩溶洞穴沉积物保护与修复领域,具体公开了一种利用微生物诱导矿化修复钟乳石的方法,包括配置菌液、配置胶凝液、喷涂和修复处理四个步骤,针对未被污染破坏的洞穴沉积物,采用喷涂法轮换对钟乳石表面进行喷涂胶凝液和菌液,使其表面形成一层均匀透明的微米级碳酸钙薄膜；针对已被污染破坏的洞穴沉积物,增加喷涂的次数,覆盖原先发黄、发黑的洞穴沉积物表面；针对体积上的物理破损,直接以滴注的方式将菌液和胶凝液混合对局域进行填充修复。通过以上步骤使得碳酸钙薄膜细致和均匀,并其可有效的使钟乳石与空气隔绝,进而减弱物理、化学风化,达到保护修复的目的。(The invention belongs to the field of protection and restoration of karst cave sediments, and particularly discloses a method for restoring stalactite by utilizing microorganism induced mineralization, which comprises four steps of bacterial liquid preparation, gel liquid preparation, spraying and restoration treatment, wherein aiming at the cave sediments which are not polluted and damaged, a spraying method is adopted to alternately spray the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid on the surface of the stalactite, so that a layer of uniform and transparent micron-grade calcium carbonate film is formed on the surface of the stalactite; aiming at the polluted and damaged cave sediments, increasing the spraying times and covering the surfaces of the original yellow and black cave sediments; and aiming at physical damage on the volume, the bacteria liquid and the gel liquid are directly mixed in an instillation mode to fill and repair the local area. The calcium carbonate film is fine and uniform through the steps, and the stalactite can be effectively isolated from the air, so that physical and chemical weathering is weakened, and the aim of protecting and repairing is fulfilled.)

1. A method for repairing stalactite by using microorganism induced mineralization is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, preparing bacterial liquid: inoculating thalli in a nutrient solution for 36 hours to obtain a bacterial solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-4 parts of beef extract, 3-8 parts of peptone, 15-25 parts of urea and 1000 parts of distilled water;

step two, preparing a gelling liquid: according to the ratio of urea solution to calcium chloride solution 1: 1, preparing a gelling liquid, wherein the concentrations of the calcium chloride solution and the urea solution are both 1 mol/L;

step three, respectively filling the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid into different spray irrigation;

step four, repairing treatment: aiming at the cave sediments which are not polluted and damaged, a spraying method is adopted to alternately spray a gelling liquid and a bacterium liquid on the surface of the stalactite, so that a uniform and transparent micron-sized calcium carbonate film is formed on the surface of the stalactite; aiming at the polluted and damaged cave sediments, increasing the spraying times and covering the surfaces of the original yellow and black cave sediments; and directly mixing the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid in a dripping mode to fill and repair the local area aiming at physical damage on the volume.

2. The method for repairing stalactite by means of induced mineralization of microorganisms as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3 parts of beef extract, 5 parts of peptone, 20 parts of urea and 1000 parts of distilled water.

3. The method for repairing stalactite by means of induced mineralization of microorganisms as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spraying method comprises the following steps: spraying once every 30 minutes, spraying in a spray mode for each time to be wet, keeping the spraying distance at 30cm, spraying the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid alternately, spraying 12 times every day, and continuously spraying for 12-18 days.

4. The method for repairing stalactite by means of induced mineralization of microorganisms as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thallus is bacillus pasteurii.

5. The method for repairing stalactite by means of induced mineralization of microorganisms as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gel liquid also comprises titanium powder.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of protection and repair of karst cave sediments.

Background

Along with the increasingly hot fire of cave sightseeing activity, the cave environment suffers damage of different degrees, the hardness and the color of the beautiful cave deposit landscape change, and light plants even grow in local areas, so that the aesthetic value is greatly reduced, and the guest experience and the sustainable development of the tour cave are seriously influenced.

At present, domestic measures for protecting cave sediments mostly stay in a more traditional mode, such as: the double door and the dust collector are arranged at the hole of the tour cave, or the foam is arranged at the two sides of the tour channel of the cave, so that particles, dust, plant spores, seeds and the like are prevented from being brought into the cave space by tourists; regularly cleaning garbage and soil in the tourist cave to reduce the pollution source of cave sediments; the tour cave lighting equipment, the light spectrum and the illumination are improved, and the illumination time of the light in the cave is reduced, so that light plants are inhibited or killed. The restoration measures for the cave deposit which grows lamplight plants or becomes soft and discolored by pollution are mainly carried out by adopting physical methods such as manual removal, high-temperature steam injection, high-temperature hot water sprinkling, ultraviolet irradiation and the like, and chemical methods such as spraying formaldehyde, herbicide, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide and bleaching powder to the lamplight plants or cleaning by using prepared chemical liquid and the like.

The current protection measures for the sediments in the karst caves can only reduce pollution to a certain degree and cannot radically stop the pollution. The current repairing measures, whether physical or chemical, can damage the surface of the cave deposit to a certain extent. Therefore, the protection and repair of the karst cave deposit are still an urgent problem to be solved.

Meanwhile, the patent with the patent application number of CN201810377205.X discloses a method and a device for synthesizing stalactites and stalagmites by microorganisms, wherein the combination process of hydrolyzing urea and calcium salt by using aerobic microorganisms comprises microorganism enrichment culture and two parts of synthesizing the stalactites and the stalagmites with solid structures by hydrolyzing urea and inducing calcium carbonate to generate precipitates by using the microorganisms. According to the method and the device for synthesizing stalactites and stalagmite by microorganisms, the needed stalactites and stalagmite are synthesized by utilizing the combined process of hydrolyzing urea and calcium salt by aerobic microorganisms, the environment is not polluted, and the rate of producing calcium carbonate by synthesizing artificial stalactites and stalagmite is synthesized by adopting the artificial interference microbial reaction process. However, the scheme is mainly a synthetic method of stalactite, is different from the fields of karst cave deposit protection and repair, and has no great reference significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a technology for repairing stalactite by utilizing microorganism induced mineralization, which is isolated from air on the premise of not influencing the original morphological characteristics of cave sediments and ensuring the aesthetic value of landscape, thereby weakening physical and chemical weathering and achieving the aim of protecting and repairing.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for repairing stalactite by using microorganism-induced mineralization, comprising the following steps:

step one, preparing bacterial liquid: inoculating thalli in a nutrient solution for 36 hours to obtain a bacterial solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-4 parts of beef extract, 3-8 parts of peptone, 15-25 parts of urea and 1000 parts of distilled water;

step two, preparing a gelling liquid: according to the ratio of urea solution to calcium chloride solution 1: 1, preparing a gelling liquid, wherein the concentrations of the calcium chloride solution and the urea solution are both 1 mol/L;

step three, respectively filling the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid into different spray irrigation;

step four, repairing treatment: aiming at the cave sediments which are not polluted and damaged, a spraying method is adopted to alternately spray a gelling liquid and a bacterium liquid on the surface of the stalactite, so that a uniform and transparent micron-sized calcium carbonate film is formed on the surface of the stalactite; aiming at the polluted and damaged cave sediments, increasing the spraying times and covering the surfaces of the original yellow and black cave sediments; aiming at physical damage in volume, the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid are directly mixed in a dripping mode, and filling and repairing are carried out on a local area.

Further, the weight ratio of the nutrient solution comprises: 3 parts of beef extract, 5 parts of peptone, 20 parts of urea and 1000 parts of distilled water.

Further, the spraying method comprises the following steps: the spraying method comprises the following steps: spraying once every 30 minutes, spraying in a spray mode for each time to be wet, keeping the spraying distance at 30cm, spraying the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid alternately, spraying 12 times every day, and continuously spraying for 12-18 days.

Further, the thallus is bacillus pasteurii.

Furthermore, the gel liquid also comprises titanium powder. The calcium carbonate covering layer can be whitened by adding the titanium powder, the adding amount of the titanium powder is determined according to the requirement (the color is consistent with that of the original stalactite), the amount of the titanium powder is determined according to the color of the original stalactite, the titanium powder can be normally used without adding the titanium powder, and only if the characteristic requirement, the characteristic environment such as a Fengdu nephrite hole and the whiteness of the cave deposit are high, a small amount of the titanium powder needs to be added, so that the carbonate rock is whiter.

The principle and the beneficial effect of the scheme are that: based on the utilization of the Paenibacillus pasteurianus, the urease with high activity can be generated, and the urea can be efficiently decomposed. The decomposed urea can provide carbonate ions necessary for the mineralization reaction, and the decomposed carbonate ions can generate calcium carbonate precipitates immediately when meeting calcium ions. The reaction equation is as follows:

the calcium carbonate precipitate generated by the reaction is quickly aggregated and precipitated on the surface of the cave deposit, and the mineral form of the generated calcium carbonate precipitate is vaterite, which is the mineral of the primary cave deposit, namely the homogeneous and heterogeneous body of calcite, and the chemical components are calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate film adhered fairly tightly to the surface of the cavernous deposits, was difficult to separate, and had a hardness and strength similar to the primary cavernous deposits.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the effects of stalactite after repair in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 shows microscopic effects of stalactite before and after repair under a body electron microscope in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows the microscopic effects of stalactite before and after its repair under a scanning electron microscope in the examples of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments: