阅读说明：本技术 一种醋酸阿比特龙的制备方法 (Preparation method of abiraterone acetate ) 是由 谢晓强 尉海锋 张德法 张毅 于 2018-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种醋酸阿比特龙的制备方法。该方法为：将17-碘雄甾-5,16-双烯-3β-羟基与3-吡啶新戊酸锌溶于有机溶剂中,钯催化剂催化,50～80℃反应3～12h,反应结束后,除去溶剂,再用醋酸酐酯化得到醋酸阿比特龙产物。本发明方法克服了现有技术原料昂贵、成本高以及反应条件苛刻等缺陷,提供了一种成本低、制备条件温和,生产方法简便并适宜于工业化生产的醋酸阿比特龙制备方法,有较大的应用价值。(The invention provides a preparation method of abiraterone acetate, which comprises the steps of dissolving 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl and 3-pyridine zinc pivalate in an organic solvent, catalyzing by using a palladium catalyst, reacting for 3-12 h at 50-80 ℃, removing the solvent after the reaction is finished, and esterifying by using acetic anhydride to obtain an abiraterone acetate product.)

1. A preparation method of abiraterone acetate is characterized by comprising the steps of dissolving 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl and 3-pyridine zinc pivalate in an organic solvent, catalyzing by using a palladium catalyst, reacting for 3-12 hours at 50-80 ℃, removing the solvent after the reaction is finished, esterifying by using acetic anhydride to obtain an abiraterone acetate product, and expressing by the following reaction formula I:

the reaction formula is as follows:

2. the method for preparing abiraterone acetate of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl group to the 3-pyridine zinc pivalate catalyst to the palladium catalyst is 1: 1-1.5: 0.01-0.1.

3. The method for preparing abiraterone acetate of claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of the 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxy to the 3-pyridine zinc pivalate and palladium catalyst is 1: 1.1: 0.02.

4. The method for preparing abiraterone acetate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the palladium catalyst is selected from palladium tetratriphenylphosphine, palladium dichlorotriphenylphosphine, [1, 3-bis (2, 6-diisopropylbenzene) imidazole-2-ylidene ] (3-chloropyridine) palladium dichloride or palladium acetate.

5. The method for preparing abiraterone acetate of claim 4, wherein the palladium catalyst is [1, 3-bis (2, 6-diisopropylbenzene) imidazole-2-ylidene ] (3-chloropyridine) palladium dichloride or palladium acetate.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is selected from tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile or ethanol.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran.

8. The method for preparing abiraterone acetate according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the organic solvent is 4-5 mL/mmol based on the amount of 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxy.

9. The method for preparing abiraterone acetate according to claim 1, wherein the treatment method after the reaction is finished is as follows: vacuum distilling at 40-80 deg.c, eliminating solvent in vacuum degree lower than or equal to-0.08 MPa, adding dichloromethane and triethylamine solution, adding 4-dimethylamino pyridine as catalyst, stirring while adding acetic anhydride, reacting at room temperature for three hr, filtering, washing organic layer with water to eliminate salt, washing sodium bicarbonate solution, vacuum concentrating at 30-40 deg.c and vacuum degree lower than or equal to-0.07 MPa, adding acetone in three times the weight of the dried product and re-crystallizing to obtain pure abiraterone acetate.

10. The preparation method of abiraterone acetate as claimed in claim 9, wherein the amount of dichloromethane added is 4-5 mL/mmol, the amount of 4-dimethylaminopyridine is 0.05equiv, the amount of triethylamine is 1.1equiv, and the amount of acetic anhydride is 1.5equiv, based on the amount of 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to medicine preparation, in particular to medicine preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of abiraterone acetate.

Background

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in men, and the incidence rate of Chinese prostate cancer is on the rise in recent years and is found to be in middle and advanced stages. Research has shown that androgens play an important role in the development of prostate cancer. At present, the first-line endocrine therapy mode is a standard treatment mode for treating advanced Prostate Cancer, the treatment method is effective for most patients in the initial stage, but almost all patient lesions gradually develop into Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) after the median treatment time of 14-30 months, and the median survival time is 1-2 years. Docetaxel drugs have been approved for first-line chemotherapy of CRPC, but the treatment modality is single, and at the same time, some patients cannot tolerate the toxicity of chemotherapy, so that new effective and less toxic antitumor drugs are still needed for such patients.

Abiraterone acetate is a precursor drug of abiraterone, is rapidly converted into abiraterone in vivo, is a selective and irreversible steroid inhibitor of CYP17(17 α -hydroxylase and C17, 20-lyase), and prevents testosterone synthesis in testes, adrenals and tumors by inhibiting enzyme activity.

The current literature reports that the preparation method for preparing abiraterone acetate mainly comprises the following steps:

patent WO9320097 reports that dehydroepiandrosterone acetate is used as a raw material and reacts with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride under the catalysis of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine base to prepare a trifluoromethane sulfonyl derivative, and then the trifluoromethane sulfonyl derivative is coupled with diethyl (3-pyridyl) borane under the catalysis of dichlorotriphenylphosphine palladium to obtain abiraterone acetate in two steps, patent WO9509178 uses 7-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl as a coupling reagent to react with diethyl (3-pyridyl) borane to generate abiraterone.

The patent CN102627681 uses 3-pyridine zinc bromide to replace diethyl (3-pyridyl) borane as a coupling reagent to realize the synthesis of abiraterone acetate. The 3-pyridine zinc bromide can be obtained by reacting 3-bromopyridine with n-butyl lithium and zinc bromide, and is relatively low in cost, but the reaction uses a flammable and explosive butyl lithium reagent and can be carried out only at the temperature of-78 ℃, so that the industrial application is limited.

Compared with expensive diethyl (3-pyridyl) borane and 3-pyridine zinc bromide with harsh reaction conditions (-78 ℃), the invention finds that the coupling alkyl zinc reagent 3-pyridine zinc pivalate with convenient preparation and low price is a stable and separable coordination zinc reagent with low price and mild preparation conditions, can be stably stored for a period of time under the nitrogen condition, can be directly used for synthesizing abiraterone acetate, and does not need to add alkali to participate in the reaction. Therefore, the further research on the new method for synthesizing abiraterone acetate has positive significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects, and study and design a novel method for preparing abiraterone acetate, which is mild in reaction condition and low in cost.

The invention provides a preparation method of abiraterone acetate.

The method comprises the steps of dissolving 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl and 3-pyridine zinc pivalate in an organic solvent, catalyzing by using a palladium catalyst, reacting for 3-12 hours at 50-80 ℃, removing the solvent after the reaction is finished, and esterifying by using acetic anhydride to obtain an abiraterone acetate product, wherein the abiraterone acetate product is represented by the following reaction formula I:

the molar ratio of the 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl to the 3-pyridine zinc pivalate to the palladium catalyst is 1: 1-1.5: 0.01-0.1, preferably, the molar ratio of the 17-iodoandrost-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl to the 3-pyridine zinc pivalate to the palladium catalyst is 1: 1.1: 0.02.

The palladium catalyst is selected from palladium tetratriphenylphosphine (Pd (PPh)₃)₄) Dichloro-bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (Pd (PPh)₃)₂Cl₂) 2-alkylidene-2-imidazole [1, 3-bis (2, 6-diisopropylbenzene)](3-chloropyridine) Palladium dichloride (PEPSI-IPr) or Palladium acetate (Pd (OAc))₂) Preferably [1, 3-bis (2, 6-diisopropylbenzene) imidazole-2-ylidene ]](3-chloropyridine) palladium dichloride or palladium acetate).

The organic solvent is selected from tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile or ethanol, and is preferably tetrahydrofuran.

The volume usage of the organic solvent is 4-5 mL/mmol based on the amount of 17-iodoandrostane-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl.

The treatment method after the reaction is finished comprises the steps of carrying out reduced pressure distillation at the temperature of 40-80 ℃, removing the solvent under the vacuum degree of less than or equal to minus 0.08MPa, adding dichloromethane, wherein the volume usage of the dichloromethane is 4-5 mL/mmol based on the amount of 17-iodoandrostane-5, 16-diene-3 β -hydroxyl, adding triethylamine solution, the usage of the triethylamine is 1.1equiv, adding 4-dimethylaminopyridine serving as a catalyst, the usage of the 4-dimethylaminopyridine is 0.05equiv, adding acetic anhydride under stirring, the usage of the acetic anhydride is 1.5equiv, reacting for three hours at room temperature, filtering, washing an organic layer with water to remove salt, washing an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, carrying out reduced pressure concentration, drying under the temperature of 30-40 ℃, and the vacuum degree of less than or equal to minus 0.07MPa, adding acetone with the weight of three times of the dried product, and recrystallizing to obtain an abiraterone acetate pure product.

The starting material, zinc 3-pyridine pivalate, is commercially available or prepared by the following method (refer to org. synth.2018,95, 127-:

the compound is obtained by reacting 3-bromopyridine, isopropyl magnesium bromide and zinc pivalate, the reaction temperature is 0-30 ℃, the ultralow temperature (-78 ℃) reaction is avoided, solid 3-pyridine zinc pivalate is separated after the reaction is finished, the solid 3-pyridine zinc pivalate can be stably stored for more than 7 days under the condition of dry nitrogen, and the compound can be directly used for synthesizing abiraterone acetate without adding alkali to participate in the reaction.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method overcomes the defects of expensive raw materials, high cost, harsh reaction conditions and the like in the prior art, provides a preparation method of abiraterone acetate, which has the advantages of low cost, mild preparation conditions, simple and convenient production method, suitability for industrial production, and great application value.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

The raw materials and reagents used in the examples of the present invention were commercially available.