阅读说明：本技术 一种多气氛上下进风气化制氢实验装置 (Multi-atmosphere upper and lower air inlet gasification hydrogen production experimental device ) 是由 张俊霞 王泽华 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多气氛上下进风气化制氢的实验装置,属于生物质气化制氢技术领域。本发明通过设置相连的蒸汽发生器,蒸汽过热器,气化管,高温气氛炉和冷凝器,实现生物质在包含水蒸气在内的多种气氛中的气化进而制得氢气的目的。本发明通过设置蒸汽过热器和分气管,得到多气氛过热蒸气,多气氛过热蒸汽通过蒸汽接管II和下进气管同时通入气化管中,提供生物质气化反应条件,产物通过冷凝器,将其中的水蒸汽转变为液态水,并收集氢气。本发明公开的在水蒸汽气氛下利用生物质气化制氢的装置,装置中各反应环节设计合理,连接紧凑,减少了不必要的能量损失,在生物质气化制氢技术领域中具有很高的应用价值。(The invention discloses an experimental device for multi-atmosphere up-and-down air inlet gasification hydrogen production, and belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification hydrogen production. According to the invention, the purposes of gasifying biomass in various atmospheres including water vapor and further preparing hydrogen are realized by arranging the steam generator, the steam superheater, the gasification pipe, the high-temperature atmosphere furnace and the condenser which are connected. According to the biomass gasification device, the steam superheater and the gas distribution pipe are arranged to obtain multi-atmosphere superheated steam, the multi-atmosphere superheated steam is simultaneously introduced into the gasification pipe through the steam connecting pipe II and the lower gas inlet pipe to provide biomass gasification reaction conditions, the product passes through the condenser to convert the steam in the product into liquid water, and the hydrogen is collected. The device for producing hydrogen by gasifying biomass in the water vapor atmosphere has the advantages of reasonable design of each reaction link in the device, compact connection, reduction of unnecessary energy loss and high application value in the technical field of biomass gasification hydrogen production.)

1. A multi-atmosphere up-and-down air inlet gasification hydrogen production experimental device is characterized by comprising a steam generator (9), a steam superheater (1), a gasification pipe (17), a high-temperature atmosphere furnace (20) and a condenser (13);

the outlet of the steam generator (9) is connected with the inlet of the steam superheater (1), the outlet of the steam superheater (1) is connected with the inlet of the gasification pipe (17) through a steam connecting pipe II (27), the outlet of the gasification pipe (17) is connected with the inlet of the condenser (13), and the outlet of the condenser (13) is provided with an exhaust pipe (15);

the outlet of the gasification pipe (17) is connected with a lower air inlet pipe (30), and the other end of the lower air inlet pipe (30) is connected to the steam connecting pipe II (27); a gas distribution pipe (29) is arranged on the steam superheater (1);

the gasification pipe (17) is arranged in the high-temperature atmosphere furnace (20), and reaction materials for producing hydrogen through gasification are filled in the gasification pipe (17).

2. The experimental device for gasification hydrogen production with multiple atmospheres and upper and lower air inlets according to claim 1, wherein a water inlet pipe (7) is arranged on the side wall of the steam generator (9), the water inlet pipe (7) is connected with a water inlet pump (6), the water inlet pump (6) is connected with a water feeding pipe (5), and the water feeding pipe (5) is provided with a water inlet valve (4); and a condensed water discharge pipe (28) is arranged on the condenser (13).

3. The experimental device for multi-atmosphere up-and-down air intake gasification hydrogen production according to claim 1, wherein the steam superheater (1) is connected with the gasification pipe (17) through a steam connection pipe II (27), and a thermometer I (26), a steam flow meter (25) and a steam valve (24) are arranged on the steam connection pipe II (27).

4. The experimental device for gasification hydrogen production with multi-atmosphere upper and lower air intake according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure gauge II (22) and a temperature gauge II (21) are arranged on the high temperature atmosphere furnace (20).

5. The experimental device for gasification hydrogen production with multi-atmosphere upper and lower air inlets as claimed in claim 1, wherein polycrystalline mullite fiber is installed in the wall surface of the high temperature atmosphere furnace (20).

6. The experimental device for gasification hydrogen production with multiple atmospheres and upper and lower air inlets as claimed in claim 1, wherein a wet gas flowmeter (14) and an exhaust valve (16) are arranged on the exhaust pipe (15).

7. The experimental device for the multi-atmosphere up-and-down air intake gasification hydrogen production as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power of the steam generator (9) is 3000-6000W, saturated steam with pressure of 0.1-0.4 MPa can be generated, and the mass flow of the generated steam is 0.7-1.4 g/s.

8. The experimental device for multi-atmosphere up-down air intake gasification hydrogen production as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power of the steam superheater (1) is 1000W, and the steam superheater is used for superheating saturated steam to 150 ℃.

9. The experimental device for the gasification hydrogen production with the multi-atmosphere upper and lower air inlets as recited in claim 1, wherein the heating power of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace (20) is 8kW, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the gasification temperature is adjusted between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃.

10. The experimental device for gasification hydrogen production with multiple atmospheres and upper and lower air inlets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the condenser (13) is a sleeve type condenser.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by gasification of composite fuels such as biomass and the like, and particularly relates to a multi-atmosphere upper and lower air inlet gasification hydrogen production experimental device.

Background

Hydrogen is used as a clean secondary energy source, and the amount and the application range of the hydrogen are increasing day by day. Since pure hydrogen does not exist in nature, pure hydrogen can be obtained only through conversion, decomposition and separation of other chemical substances, but the process needs to consume a large amount of energy. The hydrogen production technology is various, and can be divided into three types, namely hydrogen production by fossil fuel, hydrogen production by renewable energy and hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to the used raw materials. However, the hydrogen production by fossil fuel has the disadvantages of high energy consumption and large pollutant generation amount. The water electrolysis hydrogen production accounts for about 4% of the world hydrogen production, but consumes a large amount of electric energy. The hydrogen production by decomposing water by adopting solar photo-heat and high-temperature thermo-chemistry relates to a solar focusing device, a high-temperature reactor, product separation and the like, the equipment is complex, the requirements on materials are strict, the research needs large investment, and related researches need to be jointly attacked and shut down at the national level organization.

Biomass refers to various organisms formed by photosynthesis, including all animals and plants and microorganisms. The biomass energy is the energy form that solar energy is stored in biomass in the form of chemical energy, is one of important energy sources which human beings rely on for survival, is the fourth largest energy source after coal, petroleum and natural gas, and plays an important role in the whole energy system. In contrast, biomass resources in China are various in types and large in quantity, and most of the biomass resources are distributed in suburbs or rural areas. According to statistics, the biomass resource available in China is about 30 hundred million tons every year. Biomass is a dual carrier of energy and hydrogen, with about 6% of the hydrogen mass, and the energy of biomass itself is sufficient to decompose the hydrogen. The biomass is clean energy with low sulfur and zero carbon dioxide emission, can avoid the pollution of the hydrogen production process of conventional energy to the environment, and has important significance for opening up new fields of energy and maintaining sustainable development of national economy. Therefore, biomass hydrogen production has great development potential.

However, most of the existing gasification hydrogen production adopts oxygen, air and other atmospheres, and the air inlet of the gasification furnace is a side or lower air inlet mode, so that the single oxygen or air atmosphere can provide the heat required by the spontaneous combustion of better materials, but the hydrogen production amount is not high, the lower air inlet or the side air inlet is a multi-filler fixed bed layer, and the internal central material cannot be in better contact with the atmosphere gas.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the experimental device for gasification hydrogen production by multi-atmosphere up-and-down air inlet, the device is compact in design, and the purpose of reasonably utilizing the uniform mixing of multiple atmospheres including water vapor and composite materials such as biomass and the like to generate hydrogen by gasification is realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:

the invention discloses a multi-atmosphere upper and lower air inlet gasification hydrogen production experimental device which comprises a steam generator, a steam superheater, a gasification pipe, a high-temperature atmosphere furnace and a condenser, wherein the steam generator is connected with the steam superheater;

the outlet of the steam generator is connected with the inlet of the steam superheater, the outlet of the steam superheater is connected with the inlet of the gasification pipe through a steam connecting pipe II, the outlet of the gasification pipe is connected with the inlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is provided with an exhaust pipe;

the outlet of the gasification pipe is connected with a lower air inlet pipe, and the other end of the lower air inlet pipe is connected to a steam connecting pipe II; a gas distribution pipe is arranged on the steam superheater;

the gasification tube is arranged in a high-temperature atmosphere furnace, and reaction materials for producing hydrogen through gasification are filled in the gasification tube.

Preferably, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of the steam generator and is connected with a water inlet pump, the water inlet pump is connected with a water feeding pipe, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the water feeding pipe; and a condensed water discharge pipe is arranged on the condenser.

Preferably, the steam superheater is connected with the gasification pipe through a steam connecting pipe II, and a thermometer I, a steam flow meter and a steam valve are arranged on the steam connecting pipe II.

Preferably, a pressure gauge II and a temperature gauge II are arranged on the high-temperature atmosphere furnace. .

Preferably, the wall surface of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace is internally provided with polycrystalline mullite fiber.

Preferably, a wet gas flowmeter and an exhaust valve are arranged on the exhaust pipe.

Preferably, the power of the steam generator is 3000-6000W, saturated steam with the pressure of 0.1-0.4 MPa can be generated, and the mass flow of the generated steam is 0.7-1.4 g/s.

Preferably, the steam superheater has a power of 1000W for superheating saturated steam to 150 ℃.

Preferably, the heating power of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace is 8kW, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the gasification temperature is adjusted between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃.

Preferably, the condenser is a double pipe condenser.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention discloses an experimental device for multi-atmosphere up-and-down air inlet gasification hydrogen production, which can convert water into saturated vapor by arranging a vapor generator, can convert the saturated vapor produced in the vapor generator into superheated vapor by arranging a vapor superheater and arranging a gas distribution pipe on the vapor superheater, can introduce other gas components simultaneously to form multi-atmosphere superheated vapor, can provide a reaction site for gasification hydrogen production of reaction materials such as biomass in a gas mixture containing the superheated vapor by arranging a gasification pipe, can realize simultaneous gas inlet at two ends of a gasification pipe head tail by arranging a lower gas inlet pipe and a vapor connection pipe II which are respectively connected into two ends of the gasification pipe, enables the materials and the gas to be uniformly contacted, has more sufficient gasification reaction, improves the hydrogen production reaction efficiency, can maintain the temperature condition required by the gasification reaction process by arranging a high-temperature atmosphere furnace, and greatly reduce the heat loss of the superheated steam; through setting up the condenser, can cool down the gas mixture that materials such as living beings through gasification reaction produced, change steam among them into liquid water, ensure the purity of hydrogen product. The device for producing hydrogen by gasifying biomass and other materials in multiple atmospheres, disclosed by the invention, is reasonable in design, realizes gasification reaction of the biomass and other materials in multiple atmospheres including superheated steam and the like, so as to obtain a hydrogen product, is compact in connection of reaction links in the device, reduces unnecessary energy loss, and has high application value in the technical field of hydrogen production by gasifying composite fuels such as biomass and the like.

Furthermore, the thermometer I, the steam flow meter and the steam valve are arranged on the steam connecting pipe II, so that the steam temperature and the mass flow of the multi-component superheated steam introduced into the gasification pipe can be measured, and the gasification reaction efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, by arranging the pressure gauge II and the thermometer II on the high-temperature atmosphere furnace, real-time information of the temperature and the pressure in the high-temperature atmosphere furnace can be obtained, and the control of gasification reaction conditions is effectively ensured.

Furthermore, the polycrystalline mullite fiber is filled in the high-temperature atmosphere furnace, so that the heat preservation effect in the furnace body can be effectively improved.

Further, through be equipped with wet-type gas flowmeter and discharge valve on the blast pipe, can record the mass flow after hydrogen product takes off the steam, switch discharge valve can be according to the outflow of the collection condition control hydrogen product of reality.

Furthermore, the power of the steam generator is 3000-6000 w, saturated steam with the pressure of 0.1-0.4 MPa can be generated, and the mass flow of the generated steam is 0.7-1.4 g/s.

Furthermore, the power of the steam superheater is 1000w, multi-component steam can be superheated to 150 ℃, and high-temperature gasification reaction of materials such as biomass is facilitated.

Further, the heating power of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace is 8kW, the maximum heating temperature can reach 1200 ℃, and the high-temperature condition required by gasification is favorably maintained.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-a steam superheater; 2-steam connecting pipe I; 3-pressure gauge I; 4-a water inlet valve; 5-a water feeding pipe; 6-a water inlet pump; 7-water inlet pipe; 8-a power meter; 9-a steam generator; 10-a lower flange; 11-an air valve; 12-exhaust pipe I; 13-a condenser; 14-a wet gas flow meter; 15-exhaust pipe II; 16-an exhaust valve; 17-a gasification pipe; 18-a tray; 19-reaction mass; 20-high temperature atmosphere furnace; 21-thermometer II; 22-pressure gauge II; 23-an upper flange; 24-a steam valve; 25-a steam flow meter; 26-thermometer I; 27-steam connection pipe II; 28-condensate drain pipe; 29-gas distribution pipe; 30-lower air inlet pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1, the experimental apparatus for multi-atmosphere up-and-down air intake gasification hydrogen production disclosed by the invention comprises a steam generator 9, a steam superheater 1, a gasification pipe 17, a high-temperature atmosphere furnace 20 and a condenser 13; a power meter 8 and a pressure gauge I3 are installed on the steam generator 9, a water inlet pipe 7 is installed on the left side of the steam generator 9, the other end of the water inlet pipe 7 is connected with a water inlet pump 6, a water feeding pipe 5 is also installed on the water inlet pump 6, and a water inlet valve 4 is installed on the water feeding pipe 5; the steam generator 9 is connected with the steam superheater 1 through the steam connecting pipe 2, the steam superheater 1 is also provided with a gas distribution pipe 29, the steam superheater 1 is connected with the inlet of the gasification pipe 17 through a steam connecting pipe II27, and the steam connecting pipe II27 is provided with a thermometer I26, a steam flow meter 25 and a steam valve 24; the gasification tube 17 is vertically arranged on a top cover 23 of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 20, an upper flange 23 of the gasification tube 17 is arranged, a material tray 18 is arranged in the center of the gasification tube 17, reaction materials 19 composed of composite fuels such as biomass and the like are arranged on the material tray 18, and a pressure gauge II22 and a temperature gauge II21 are arranged on the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 20; the gasification pipe 17 is connected with the condenser 13 by an exhaust pipe I12, and an air valve 11 is arranged on an exhaust pipe I12; the other side of the condenser 13 is provided with an exhaust pipe II15, and a wet gas flowmeter 14 and an exhaust valve 16 are arranged on an exhaust pipe II 15; a lower air inlet pipe 30 is also arranged on the lower flange 10 at the bottom of the gasification pipe 17, and the other end of the lower air inlet pipe 30 is connected to the rear part of the steam flow meter 25 on the steam connecting pipe II 27.

Preferably, the power of the steam generator 9 is 3000-6000 w, saturated steam with the pressure of 0.1-0.4 MPa can be generated, and the mass flow of the generated steam is 0.7-1.4 g/s.

Preferably, the steam superheater 1 has a power of 1000w and can superheat multi-component steam to 150 ℃.

Preferably, the heating power of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace is 8kw, the highest heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the gasification temperature can be adjusted from 200-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time can be set automatically, and the high-temperature atmosphere furnace can work for 24 hours continuously.

Preferably, the gasification pipe is vertically arranged inside the high temperature atmosphere furnace, the gasification pipe has an inner diameter of 100mm and a length of 1m, the upper end and the lower end of the gasification pipe are respectively sealed by an upper flange 23 and a lower flange 10, and polycrystalline mullite fiber is additionally arranged inside the whole high temperature atmosphere furnace 20.

Preferably, the condenser 13 is a sleeve type, the inner diameter of the inner pipe is 8mm, the inner diameter of the outer pipe is 30mm, and the length of the sleeve is 500 mm.

Preferably, a steam flow meter 25 is installed at the inlet of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 20, the steam flow meter 25 belongs to an MFC digital mass flow meter, and is used for measuring the mass flow of the multi-component superheated steam introduced into the high-temperature atmosphere furnace, the measuring range of the steam flow meter is 0-100L/min, and the accuracy of the steam flow meter is 1%.

Preferably, a pressure gauge I3 and a pressure gauge II22 are respectively arranged on the outlet of the steam generator 9 and the furnace body of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 20 and used for measuring the pressure in the steam and the high-temperature atmosphere furnace, the measuring range of the pressure gauge is 0-0.6 MPa, and the precision grade is 0.5.

Preferably, the end of the condenser 13 is equipped with a wet gas flow meter 14, preferably of the LML type, with a maximum flow rate of up to 100m³/h。

The reaction material can be selected from biomass, and composite fuel of biomass and plastic, biomass and coal.

The gas distribution pipe 29 can be filled with various gases, such as oxygen, air, carbon dioxide, etc.

The multi-atmosphere upper and lower air inlet gasification hydrogen production experimental device provided by the invention is characterized in that:

referring to fig. 1, a water inlet valve 4 is opened, and tap water in a laboratory is pumped into a steam generator 9 through a water inlet pipe 5 and a water inlet pipe 7 by a water inlet pump 6; turning on a power switch of the steam generator 9, adjusting the power meter 8 to a specified power value, heating tap water, and converting the tap water into saturated steam; the pressure value of the saturated water vapor can be read from a pressure gauge I3; saturated steam is further sent into a steam superheater 1 to be heated continuously to be changed into superheated steam, multi-atmosphere superheated steam formed by mixing a plurality of gases including the steam is formed through a gas distributing pipe, then the multi-atmosphere superheated steam is sent into a gasification pipe 17 in a high-temperature atmosphere furnace 20 through a steam connecting pipe II and a lower gas inlet pipe, gas is simultaneously fed from the head end and the tail end of the gasification pipe 17, the multi-atmosphere superheated steam and a reaction material 19 formed by composite fuels such as biomass and the like placed on a tray 18 rack generate gasification reaction, the generated gas product is sent into a condenser 13 to remove the steam, flows into a wet flowmeter 14 to measure mass flow, and then is sent into a gas chromatograph to measure the content of gas components; a thermometer I26 and a steam flow meter 25 are arranged on the steam connecting pipe II27 and are used for measuring the steam temperature and the mass flow of the multi-component superheated steam which is led into the gasification pipe 17; a pressure gauge II22 and a temperature gauge II21 are installed in the high temperature atmosphere furnace 20 to indicate the temperature and pressure inside the high temperature atmosphere furnace 20.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.