阅读说明：本技术 猪粪便压制的生物质成型燃料的制备系统 (Preparation system of biomass briquette fuel pressed by pig manure ) 是由 彭云贵 宁水波 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种以猪粪便渣料为主要原料的成型的生物质燃料的制备系统。由上料仓、辅料添加仓及其下料绞龙、输送带、菌种喷洒器、搅拌机、螺旋挤压成型机、切块机和控制系统组成连续生产流水线。原料来源多,适用面广；猪粪原料无需干燥,极大地节省了设备投资、能源损耗和人工投入；不需要高温就能使猪粪便成型；提高了生物质燃料块的热值；低成本无能耗烘干粪便；制备系统全自动化流水线作业,生产速度快,产量大,人工投入少,特别适应规模化养猪场将粪污制备生物质燃料。(The invention provides a preparation system of a molded biomass fuel taking pig manure slag as a main raw material. The continuous production line consists of a feeding bin, an auxiliary material adding bin, a discharging auger, a conveying belt, a strain sprayer, a stirrer, a spiral extrusion molding machine, a dicer and a control system. The raw materials are available, and the application range is wide; the pig manure raw material does not need to be dried, so that the equipment investment, energy loss and manual investment are greatly saved; the pig manure can be molded without high temperature; the heat value of the biomass fuel block is improved; the excrement is dried with low cost and no energy consumption; the preparation system is operated in a full-automatic assembly line, has high production speed, high yield and low manual investment, and is particularly suitable for preparing the biomass fuel from the excrement in a large-scale pig farm.)

1. The system for preparing the biomass briquette fuel pressed by the pig manure is characterized in that a continuous production line consists of a feeding bin, an auxiliary material adding bin, a discharging auger thereof, a conveying belt, a strain sprayer, a stirrer, a spiral extrusion molding machine, a dicer and a control system; the feeding bin stores pig manure slag; the auxiliary materials are added into a bin for storing sodium carboxymethyl starch, potassium chlorate, decoking agent, coal powder and industrial salt; storing the pig manure fermentation biological strains in the strain solution sprayer; go up the feed bin and pass through the feed inlet of conveyer belt connection mixer, the conveyer belt between feed bin and the mixer passes through unloading auger and connects the auxiliary material and add the storehouse, and the feed inlet of mixer is equipped with fungus liquid sprinkler, and the feed inlet of spiral extrusion molding machine is connected to the discharge gate of mixer, and the discharge gate of spiral extrusion molding machine is equipped with the slabbing machine.

2. The preparation system of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of each raw material is: 70-80 parts of pig manure slag material, 10-15 parts of coal powder, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 2-3 parts of potassium chlorate, 2-3 parts of decoking agent, 0.5-1 part of smoke suppressor, 3-6 parts of industrial salt and 1 part of pig manure fermentation biological strain.

3. The manufacturing system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the agitator is a twin-shaft horizontal screw agitator.

4. The preparation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the pig manure material in the feeding bin is fed to the mixer through a conveyor belt; the auxiliary materials are added into the carboxymethyl starch sodium, the potassium chlorate, the decoking agent, the coal powder and the industrial salt in the bin and are uniformly added onto a conveyer belt for feeding by a feeding auger; the pig manure slag material and the auxiliary materials are conveyed to a stirring bin of the stirrer together by a conveying belt, the strain sprayer sprays pig manure fermentation biological strain liquid, and the mixture is stirred for 20-30 minutes to obtain a pretreated mixture: the bin gate of the stirring bin is automatically opened at regular time, and the mixture falls into the spiral extrusion molding machine; continuously extruding the mixture into a hollow or solid strip-shaped body from a die head by a spiral extrusion molding machine at normal temperature; the dicing machine cuts the strip-shaped body according to the set length according to the instruction action of the induction element to obtain a forming body; the formed body falls into a container, and the filled container is sent into a heat preservation room; and (3) fermenting and heating the biomass fuel block in the heat preservation room under the action of the strains, drying moisture, timely discharging moisture and odor in the drying room, and airing to obtain a dry odorless biomass fuel block finished product.

5. The manufacturing system of claim 4, wherein a fresh air blower, a warm air blower and a dehumidifying door are arranged in the heat-insulating room, the molded bodies are piled in the heat-insulating room, and the start/stop temperature of the warm air blower and the start/stop humidity of the fresh air blower are set: when the temperature in the heat preservation chamber is lower than 50 ℃, the warm air blower is started to heat, and when the temperature is higher than 55 ℃, the warm air blower stops heating; when the humidity in the heat preservation chamber is more than 55%, a fresh air fan is started, and the moisture exhaust door is pushed open under the action of wind pressure to exhaust moisture; when the humidity is lower than 45%, the fresh air fan is closed, the air pressure is reduced, and the moisture exhaust door falls and is closed under the action of self weight; and repeatedly and circularly heating and dehumidifying until the water content of the formed body is not higher than 15%, and drying.

6. The preparation system of claim 5, wherein a partition plate is arranged in the heat-preservation chamber, and an inner cavity of the heat-preservation chamber is divided into two parts by the partition plate, and the two parts are communicated with each other to form a circulating air duct.

7. The preparation system of claim 4, wherein the biomass fuel block is a hollow rod, the diameter of the outer part of the rod is 4cm, the diameter of the inner cavity hole is 1.2cm, and the length of the rod is 5-10 cm.

8. The preparation system of claim 4, wherein the biomass fuel briquette is a solid rod body, the diameter of the outer part of the rod body is 1.4cm, and the length of the rod body is 5-10 cm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the treatment and utilization of waste, and relates to a method for preparing a molded biomass fuel by taking pig manure slag as a main raw material.

Background

Statistics shows that the total amount of the livestock and poultry manure produced in China at present reaches approximately 40 hundred million tons every year, the chemical oxygen demand of livestock and poultry breeding discharge areas reaches 1268 million tons, and the amount accounts for 96 percent of the discharge amount of agricultural sources, and the method is an important reason for causing agricultural source pollution sources. The livestock and poultry manure treatment common mode comprises a methane industry, an organic fertilizer industry and a planting and breeding combination mode. In the process of popularizing the anaerobic fermentation biogas production power generation technology, the problems of high equipment cost, slow biogas production process due to incomplete technical management, secondary pollution of biogas slurry, poor biogas production efficiency of part of biogas digesters, large fluctuation of biogas production rate along with seasons and the like exist. The organic fertilizer is limited by the production management level of a farm and the strict quality standard of the organic fertilizer, the energy consumption is large, the labor input and the batching cost are high, and the transportation obstruction causes the product to be lost. Most of organic fertilizer using enterprises cannot improve market value due to application of organic fertilizer in the production process, and application of organic fertilizer and manure is generally more time-consuming and labor-consuming than application of chemical fertilizer. The application range and the dosage of the organic fertilizer products are quite limited, the sale channel of the organic fertilizer products is not quite smooth, the profit margin is limited, and even no profit is generated, so that the conversion of the organic fertilizer products of wastes such as livestock manure and the like is directly influenced. The planting and breeding combination is limited by the planting and consuming area and transportation, and the huge amount of excrement generated by modern-scale culture cannot be timely digested. In recent two years, the outbreak of the African swine fever virus increases the worry that the African swine fever virus is infected when pig manure is cleaned in a farm and enters and exits a vehicle, so that a large amount of pig manure in the farm is overstocked and polluted.

Meanwhile, due to the development of the modern pig raising technology, the sow delivery room and the piglet nursing pigsty are heated in winter, so that great needs are needed for energy sources, the growth performance and the feed reward of the pigs are improved, and the incidence rate of epidemic diseases is reduced. The biomass fuel which can be burned by the boiler is prepared from the pig manure, provides a good way for the environment-friendly treatment of the pig manure, and has the triple benefits of environment protection, economy and infection virus isolation.

In recent years, patents are also provided at home and abroad for a technology for preparing fuel by taking pig manure as a raw material, but in the prior art, hot press molding and product drying in the production process need expensive equipment investment and more energy consumption, so that the production cost is increased; secondly, the existing preparation method has extremely high requirement on the water content of the pig manure, the requirement on the water content is controlled in a narrow interval, too low or too high water content can cause the solid fuel to be molded or granulated unsuccessfully, but the water content of the pig manure is difficult to control in the production process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation system of a molded biomass fuel taking pig manure slag as a main raw material. The pig manure is prepared into a combustible molded fuel block with low energy consumption.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation system of the biomass briquette fuel pressed by the pig manure is characterized in that a continuous production line consists of a feeding bin, an auxiliary material adding bin, a discharging auger, a conveying belt, a strain sprayer, a stirrer, a spiral extrusion molding machine, a dicer and a control system; the feeding bin stores pig manure slag; the auxiliary materials are added into a bin for storing sodium carboxymethyl starch, potassium chlorate, decoking agent, coal powder and industrial salt; storing the pig manure fermentation biological strains in the strain solution sprayer; go up the feed bin and pass through the feed inlet of conveyer belt connection mixer, the conveyer belt between feed bin and the mixer passes through unloading auger and connects the auxiliary material and add the storehouse, and the feed inlet of mixer is equipped with fungus liquid sprinkler, and the feed inlet of spiral extrusion molding machine is connected to the discharge gate of mixer, and the discharge gate of spiral extrusion molding machine is equipped with the slabbing machine.

Preferably, the weight ratio of each raw material is as follows: 70-80 parts of pig manure slag material, 10-15 parts of coal powder, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 2-3 parts of potassium chlorate, 2-3 parts of decoking agent, 0.5-1 part of smoke suppressor, 3-6 parts of industrial salt and 1 part of pig manure fermentation biological strain;

preferably, the stirrer adopts a double-shaft horizontal spiral stirrer.

By adopting the preparation system, the production of the complicated fuel processing flow is simplified, and the pig manure slag in the feeding bin is fed to the stirrer through the conveying belt; the auxiliary materials are added into the carboxymethyl starch sodium, the potassium chlorate, the decoking agent, the coal powder and the industrial salt in the bin and are uniformly added onto a conveyer belt for feeding by a feeding auger; the pig manure slag material and the auxiliary materials are conveyed to a stirring bin of the stirrer together by a conveying belt, the strain sprayer sprays pig manure fermentation biological strain liquid, and the mixture is stirred for 20-30 minutes to obtain a pretreated mixture: the bin gate of the stirring bin is automatically opened at regular time, and the mixture falls into the spiral extrusion molding machine; continuously extruding the mixture into a hollow or solid strip-shaped body from a die head by a spiral extrusion molding machine at normal temperature; the dicing machine cuts the strip-shaped body according to the set length according to the instruction action of the induction element to obtain a forming body; the formed body falls into a container, and the filled container is sent into a heat preservation room; and (3) fermenting and heating the biomass fuel block in the heat preservation room under the action of the strains, drying moisture, timely discharging moisture and odor in the drying room, and airing to obtain a dry odorless biomass fuel block finished product.

Preferably, a fresh air fan, a warm air blower and a moisture exhaust door are arranged in the heat insulation room, the formed bodies are stacked in the heat insulation room, and the start/stop temperature of the warm air blower and the start/stop humidity of the fresh air fan are set as follows: when the temperature in the heat preservation chamber is lower than 50 ℃, the warm air blower is started to heat, and when the temperature is higher than 55 ℃, the warm air blower stops heating; when the humidity in the heat preservation chamber is more than 55%, a fresh air fan is started, and the moisture exhaust door is pushed open under the action of wind pressure to exhaust moisture; when the humidity is lower than 45%, the fresh air fan is closed, the air pressure is reduced, and the moisture exhaust door falls and is closed under the action of self weight; and repeatedly and circularly heating and dehumidifying until the water content of the formed body is not higher than 15%, and drying.

Furthermore, a partition board is arranged in the heat preservation chamber, the inner cavity of the heat preservation chamber is divided into two parts by the partition board, and the two parts are communicated with each other to form a circulating air duct.

The system takes pig manure slag as a raw material, is a complete set of equipment for mechanically and automatically producing solid biomass fuel, and utilizes a biological fermentation technology to generate high temperature to sterilize, kill insects and dry a finished product; the sodium carboxymethyl starch, the potassium chlorate and the decoking agent are added to promote the product to be molded, the prepared biomass fuel block is fully combusted, the pollution emission is less, the storage is convenient, and the high temperature and the energy consumption in the drying process are not needed in the production process. Full-automatic mechanical operation is carried out in the whole process, and the yield is high.

The preparation system of the biomass briquette fuel pressed by the pig manure comprises the following steps:

firstly, the pig manure slag material is derived from one or more of the following materials:

① stirring pig manure uniformly in the sewage collection tank by a stirrer, and lifting the pig manure to a solid-liquid separator by a submersible cutting pump for solid-liquid separation to obtain solid manure residues;

② collecting pig manure residues by dry manure cleaning method;

③ fermenting pig manure in a methane tank, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain biogas residue;

adding sodium carboxymethyl starch, potassium chlorate, decoking agent and coal powder into the pig manure slag material according to the weight ratio, putting the mixture into a stirrer, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture, and adding the pig manure fermentation biological strains according to the ratio while stirring the mixture, and uniformly stirring the mixture; obtaining a pretreated mixture:

thirdly, putting the mixture into a screw extruder for extrusion at normal temperature, and continuously extruding the mixture from a die head into a hollow or solid strip-shaped body through extrusion; cutting the strip-shaped body to obtain a formed body;

putting the formed body into a heat-preservation room, and naturally fermenting the formed body for 2-3 days under the action of the pig manure fermentation biological strains to discharge moisture and odor in time;

and (5) after fermentation, ventilating and airing to obtain the biomass fuel block.

In the technical scheme, the coal powder, the potassium chlorate and the industrial salt are all commercially available chemical raw materials; decoking agents such as commercially available decoking agents for boilers; smoke suppressants such as commercially available coal combustion-supporting smoke suppressants; the pig manure fermentation biological strain can be commercial manure fermentation microbial inoculum, bio-organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum, etc. The sodium carboxymethyl starch is also called carboxymethyl starch (CMS). It has high viscosity, stable performance, quick dissolution in cold water, and high thickening and dispersing performance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of a biomass briquette fuel pressed by pig manure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a schematic structure of a system for preparing biomass briquette by pressing pig manure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the principle structure of the heat-insulating chamber.

Detailed Description