阅读说明：本技术 猪粪便压制的生物质成型燃料的制备方法 (Preparation method of biomass briquette fuel pressed by pig manure ) 是由 彭云贵 宁水波 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种猪粪便压制的生物质成型燃料的制备方法,收集的猪粪渣料中按重量配比加入猪粪渣料70～80份、煤粉10～15份、羧甲基淀粉钠1～3份、氯酸钾2～3份、除焦剂2～3份、消烟剂0.5～1份、工业盐3～6份、猪粪便发酵生物菌种1份；搅拌均匀；经螺旋挤压机挤压挤出切断后得到成型体；再发酵得到生物质燃料块。猪粪原料来源多,适用面广、无需干燥；成型好,密度大,不需要高温就能使猪粪便成型；环保防霉变；低成本无能耗烘干粪便。(The invention discloses a preparation method of biomass briquette fuel pressed by pig manure, wherein 70-80 parts of pig manure slag material, 10-15 parts of coal powder, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 2-3 parts of potassium chlorate, 2-3 parts of decoking agent, 0.5-1 part of smoke suppressor, 3-6 parts of industrial salt and 1 part of pig manure fermentation biological strain are added into the collected pig manure slag material according to the weight ratio; stirring uniformly; extruding and cutting the mixture by a screw extruder to obtain a molded body; and fermenting again to obtain the biomass fuel block. The pig manure has multiple raw material sources, wide application range and no need of drying; the molding is good, the density is high, and the pig manure can be molded without high temperature; the environment is protected and the mildew is prevented; the excrement is dried at low cost and without energy consumption.)

1. The preparation method of the biomass briquette fuel pressed by the pig manure comprises the following steps:

firstly, the pig manure slag material is derived from one or more of the following materials:

① stirring pig manure uniformly in the sewage collection tank by a stirrer, and lifting the pig manure to a solid-liquid separator by a submersible cutting pump for solid-liquid separation to obtain solid manure residues;

② collecting pig manure residues by dry manure cleaning method;

③ fermenting pig manure in a methane tank, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain biogas residue;

adding sodium carboxymethyl starch, potassium chlorate, decoking agent and coal powder into the pig manure slag material according to the following weight ratio, putting the mixture into a stirrer, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture, and adding the pig manure fermentation biological strain according to the ratio while stirring the mixture, and uniformly stirring the mixture; obtaining a pretreated mixture;

the weight ratio is as follows: 70-80 parts of pig manure slag material, 10-15 parts of coal powder, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 2-3 parts of potassium chlorate, 2-3 parts of decoking agent, 0.5-1 part of smoke suppressor, 3-6 parts of industrial salt and 1 part of pig manure fermentation biological strain;

thirdly, putting the mixture into a screw extruder for extrusion at normal temperature, and continuously extruding the mixture from a die head into a hollow or solid strip-shaped body through extrusion; cutting the strip-shaped body to obtain a formed body;

putting the formed body into a heat-preservation room, and naturally fermenting the formed body for 2-3 days under the action of the pig manure fermentation biological strains to discharge moisture and odor in time;

and (5) after fermentation, ventilating and airing to obtain the biomass fuel block.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, drying and dehumidification are carried out in a heat preservation room, and the drying temperature is 50-55 ℃.

3. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein the drying and dehumidifying method comprises: a fresh air fan, a warm air blower and a moisture exhaust door are arranged in the heat insulation room, the formed bodies are stacked in the heat insulation room, and the start/stop temperature of the warm air blower and the start/stop humidity of the fresh air fan are set as follows: when the temperature in the heat preservation chamber is lower than 50 ℃, the warm air blower is started to heat, and when the temperature is higher than 55 ℃, the warm air blower stops heating; when the humidity in the heat preservation chamber is more than 55%, a fresh air fan is started, and the moisture exhaust door is pushed open under the action of wind pressure to exhaust moisture; when the humidity is lower than 45%, the fresh air fan is closed, the air pressure is reduced, and the moisture exhaust door falls and is closed under the action of self weight; and repeatedly and circularly heating and dehumidifying until the water content of the formed body is not higher than 15%, and drying.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biomass fuel block is a hollow rod, the diameter of the outer part of the rod is 4cm, the diameter of the inner cavity hole is 1.2cm, and the length of the rod is 5-10 cm.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biomass fuel block is a solid rod having an outer diameter of 1.4cm and a length of 5 to 10 cm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the treatment and utilization of waste, and relates to a method for preparing a molded biomass fuel by taking pig manure slag as a main raw material.

Background

Statistics shows that the total amount of the livestock and poultry manure produced in China at present reaches approximately 40 hundred million tons every year, the chemical oxygen demand of livestock and poultry breeding discharge areas reaches 1268 million tons, and the amount accounts for 96 percent of the discharge amount of agricultural sources, and the method is an important reason for causing agricultural source pollution sources. The livestock and poultry manure treatment common mode comprises a methane industry, an organic fertilizer industry and a planting and breeding combination mode. In the process of popularizing the anaerobic fermentation biogas production power generation technology, the problems of high equipment cost, slow biogas production process due to incomplete technical management, secondary pollution of biogas slurry, poor biogas production efficiency of part of biogas digesters, large fluctuation of biogas production rate along with seasons and the like exist. The organic fertilizer is limited by the production management level of a farm and the strict quality standard of the organic fertilizer, the energy consumption is large, the labor input and the batching cost are high, and the transportation obstruction causes the product to be lost. Most of organic fertilizer using enterprises cannot improve market value due to application of organic fertilizer in the production process, and application of organic fertilizer and manure is generally more time-consuming and labor-consuming than application of chemical fertilizer. The application range and the dosage of the organic fertilizer products are quite limited, the sale channel of the organic fertilizer products is not quite smooth, the profit margin is limited, and even no profit is generated, so that the conversion of the organic fertilizer products of wastes such as livestock manure and the like is directly influenced. The planting and breeding combination is limited by the planting and consuming area and transportation, and the huge amount of excrement generated by modern-scale culture cannot be timely digested. In recent two years, the outbreak of the African swine fever virus increases the worry that the African swine fever virus is infected when pig manure is cleaned in a farm and enters and exits a vehicle, so that a large amount of pig manure in the farm is overstocked and polluted.

Meanwhile, due to the development of the modern pig raising technology, the sow delivery room and the piglet nursing pigsty are heated in winter, so that great needs are needed for energy sources, the growth performance and the feed reward of the pigs are improved, and the incidence rate of epidemic diseases is reduced. The biomass fuel which can be burned by the boiler is prepared from the pig manure, provides a good way for the environment-friendly treatment of the pig manure, and has the triple benefits of environment protection, economy and infection virus isolation.

In recent years, patents are also provided at home and abroad for a technology for preparing fuel by taking pig manure as a raw material, but in the prior art, hot press molding and product drying in the production process need expensive equipment investment and more energy consumption, so that the production cost is increased; secondly, the existing preparation method has extremely high requirement on the water content of the pig manure, the requirement on the water content is controlled in a narrow interval, too low or too high water content can cause the solid fuel to be molded or granulated unsuccessfully, but the water content of the pig manure is difficult to control in the production process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a molded biomass fuel taking pig manure slag as a main raw material, which prepares pig manure into a combustible molded fuel block with lower energy consumption.

The invention adopts the technical scheme that the preparation method of the biomass briquette fuel pressed by the pig manure comprises the following steps:

firstly, the pig manure slag material is derived from one or more of the following materials:

① stirring pig manure uniformly in the sewage collection tank by a stirrer, and lifting the pig manure to a solid-liquid separator by a submersible cutting pump for solid-liquid separation to obtain solid manure residues;

② collecting pig manure residues by dry manure cleaning method;

③ fermenting pig manure in a methane tank, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain biogas residue;

adding sodium carboxymethyl starch, potassium chlorate, decoking agent and coal powder into the pig manure slag material according to the following weight ratio, putting the mixture into a stirrer, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture, and adding the pig manure fermentation biological strain according to the ratio while stirring the mixture, and uniformly stirring the mixture; obtaining a pretreated mixture:

proportioning: 70-80 parts of pig manure slag material, 10-15 parts of coal powder, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 2-3 parts of potassium chlorate, 2-3 parts of decoking agent, 0.5-1 part of smoke suppressor, 3-6 parts of industrial salt and 1 part of pig manure fermentation biological strain;

thirdly, putting the mixture into a screw extruder for extrusion at normal temperature, and continuously extruding the mixture from a die head into a hollow or solid strip-shaped body through extrusion; cutting the strip-shaped body to obtain a formed body;

putting the formed body into a heat-preservation room, and naturally fermenting the formed body for 2-3 days under the action of the pig manure fermentation biological strains to discharge moisture and odor in time;

and (5) after fermentation, ventilating and airing to obtain the biomass fuel block.

In the technical scheme, the coal powder, the potassium chlorate and the industrial salt are all commercially available chemical raw materials; decoking agents such as commercially available decoking agents for boilers; smoke suppressants such as commercially available coal combustion-supporting smoke suppressants; the pig manure fermentation biological strain can be commercial manure fermentation microbial inoculum, bio-organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum, etc. The sodium carboxymethyl starch is also called carboxymethyl starch (CMS). It has high viscosity, stable performance, quick dissolution in cold water, and high thickening and dispersing performance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of a biomass briquette fuel pressed by pig manure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a schematic structure of a system for preparing biomass briquette by pressing pig manure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the principle structure of the heat-insulating chamber.

Detailed Description