阅读说明：本技术 一种用于偏置超导纳米线单光子探测器的电压源 (Voltage source for bias superconducting nanowire single-photon detector ) 是由 胡小龙 曹许慧 韩尚彤 孟赟 许亮 于 2019-10-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于偏置超导纳米线单光子探测器的电压源,所述电压源采用220V交流电压输入通过变压器变为低电压的交流输入,用二极管、电容、稳压器,固定电阻组建一个低噪声恒流源,并将一个可调电阻与恒流源串联,从而可以在可调电阻两端输出从0V线性可调的低噪声直流电压。本发明输出稳定直流电压并且从零开始线性可调,该电压源可以用做超导纳米线单光子探测器的偏置电源。(The invention discloses a voltage source for a bias superconducting nanowire single photon detector, which adopts 220V alternating current voltage input to be changed into low-voltage alternating current input through a transformer, a diode, a capacitor, a voltage stabilizer and a fixed resistor are used for constructing a low-noise constant current source, and an adjustable resistor is connected with the constant current source in series, so that low-noise direct current voltage which can be linearly adjusted from 0V can be output at two ends of the adjustable resistor. The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector outputs stable direct-current voltage and is linearly adjustable from zero, and the voltage source can be used as a bias power supply of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector.)

1. A voltage source for biasing a superconducting nanowire single photon detector is characterized in that,

the voltage source adopts 220V alternating current voltage input and is changed into low-voltage alternating current input through a transformer, a low-noise constant current source is formed by a diode, a capacitor, a voltage stabilizer and a fixed resistor, and an adjustable resistor is connected with the constant current source in series;

and a low-noise direct-current voltage which is linearly adjustable from 0V is output at two ends of the adjustable resistor.

2. The voltage source of claim 1, wherein a microfarad capacitor is connected in parallel to the output voltage terminal for re-filtering.

3. The voltage source for biasing a superconducting nanowire single photon detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein said potentiostat is a three-terminal adjustable potentiostat; the adjustable resistor adopts a potentiometer.

4. The voltage source for biasing a superconducting nanowire single photon detector of claim 1, further comprising:

and designing and processing a shielding box, connecting the assembled voltage source in series with a resistor to form a low-noise current source which can be used as a bias current source to be connected into a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector circuit.

5. The voltage source for biasing a superconducting nanowire single photon detector as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bottom of the shielding box is provided with a threaded hole for fixing the circuit board and the transformer;

the front of the shielding box is provided with holes for fixing the output port and the potentiometer knob, and the rear of the shielding box is provided with square holes for fixing the three-terminal switch and the alternating voltage input port.

6. The voltage source for biasing superconducting nanowire single photon detectors of claim 4, wherein the test circuit comprises: the method comprises the steps of testing the output voltage of a voltage source and testing the output pulse of the superconducting nanowire single photon detector.

7. The voltage source for biasing a superconducting nanowire single photon detector as claimed in claim 6, wherein the output voltage test is specifically:

and adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and testing the output voltage by using a direct-current voltage end of the universal meter.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of optoelectronic devices, in particular to a voltage source for a bias superconducting nanowire single photon detector.

Background

The superconducting nanowire single photon detector has the characteristics of high detection efficiency, high counting rate, small dark counting rate, small time domain jitter, wide response spectrum and the like, and is a detector with excellent performance. The superconducting nanowire is partially converted into a resistive state from a superconducting state under single photon excitation, an optical signal is converted into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is read out by a reading circuit, and photon counting is further realized through counting of the voltage signal.

The performance of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector is influenced by a bias voltage source, and the bias superconducting nanowire single-photon detector has the following characteristics as far as possible: the noise of the voltage source is small, i.e. the output voltage is a stable dc voltage. If the voltage source noise is large, i.e. the voltage jitter is large, large time domain jitter may be caused, and the time resolution of the detector is reduced. To fully detect and exert the performance of the detector, the time domain jitter of the detector is required to be as small as possible, so that a low-noise voltage source, namely a voltage source for biasing the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, is required to meet the following requirements: the output is a dc voltage and is as stable as possible. And for convenient adjustment, the output voltage of the voltage source needs to be linearly adjustable from zero.

The existing voltage sources available in the market for biasing the superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors are generally expensive and complex in structure, so that the detection cost of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors is improved, and the application of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors is limited to a certain extent.

Therefore, the development of a voltage source for the bias superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, zero adjustability, linearity adjustability and the like has important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a voltage source for biasing a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, which outputs stable direct-current voltage and is linearly adjustable from zero, can be used as a test power source of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, and is described in detail as follows:

a voltage source for biasing a superconducting nanowire single photon detector adopts 220V alternating current voltage input, the alternating current input is changed into low voltage through a transformer, a diode, a capacitor, a voltage stabilizer and a fixed resistor form a low-noise constant current source, and an adjustable resistor is connected with the constant current source in series;

and a low-noise direct-current voltage which is linearly adjustable from 0V is output at two ends of the adjustable resistor.

Wherein, the output voltage end is connected with a micro-farad capacitor in parallel for secondary filtering.

Furthermore, the voltage stabilizer adopts a three-terminal adjustable voltage stabilizer; the adjustable resistor adopts a potentiometer.

Wherein the voltage source further comprises:

and designing and processing a shielding box, connecting the assembled voltage source in series with a resistor to form a low-noise current source which can be used as a bias current source to be connected into a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector circuit.

Furthermore, a threaded hole is formed in the bottom of the shielding box and used for fixing the circuit board and the transformer;

the front of the shielding box is provided with holes for fixing the output port and the potentiometer knob, and the rear of the shielding box is provided with square holes for fixing the three-terminal switch and the alternating voltage input port.

Wherein the test circuit comprises: the method comprises the steps of testing the output voltage of a voltage source and testing the output pulse of the superconducting nanowire single photon detector.

The output voltage test specifically comprises the following steps:

and adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and testing the output voltage by using a direct-current voltage end of the universal meter.

The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the voltage source designed by the invention has low noise required by the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, and can achieve direct current voltage-stabilized output of any range by adjusting parameters of components, thereby being convenient for detection requirements under different conditions;

2. the voltage source has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, reduces the detection cost of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, and widens the application range of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector to a certain extent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a regulated low noise voltage source;

the transformer part can select corresponding specifications according to the range requirement of output direct-current voltage, the low-voltage alternating-current voltage output by the transformer is rectified by a diode, a large capacitor and a small capacitor are connected in parallel and filtered, constant-current output is formed by a three-terminal adjustable voltage stabilizer, and after the low-voltage alternating-current voltage is filtered again by a small capacitor, an adjustable resistor is connected in series, so that the output adjustable direct-current voltage output can be realized.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage-stabilized low-noise voltage source circuit with an output voltage of 0-12V;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of the relationship between the output voltage and the resistance of the adjustable resistor;

FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic diagram of a voltage source shielding box for voltage regulation and low noise;

wherein, the marked size is the size adopted by the built 0-12V linear output low-noise voltage source.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a built and assembled 0-12V linearly adjustable voltage-stabilizing low-noise voltage source;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the output voltage of the built voltage source and the resistance of the adjustable resistor;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a low noise voltage source used in a superconducting nanowire single photon detector testing process;

the pulse laser used in the experiment is a passive mode-locked fiber laser. The optical pulse is divided into two beams by a beam splitter, one beam is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector with small time domain jitter, and the electric signal enters a counter/oscilloscope channel 1; and the other beam passes through the polarization controller, is attenuated by the tunable attenuator and then enters the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector. The electric pulse signal output by the device is amplified by a two-stage low-noise radio frequency amplifier and input into an oscilloscope channel 2.

FIG. 8 is a time domain pulse image of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector under test (using the voltage source case of FIG. 5).

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.