阅读说明：本技术 一种水下光电复合缆 (Underwater photoelectric composite cable ) 是由 段新建 杨东晨 常鑫 张相强 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种水下光电复合缆,其包括：沿着光电复合缆中心周向布置的光单元、4芯信号单元、屏蔽双绞单元、2芯电源单元；所述光单元、4芯信号单元、屏蔽双绞单元、2芯电源线单元外部设置有抗拉增强层,所述抗拉增强层内的光单元、4芯信号单元、屏蔽双绞单元、2芯电源线单元之间的间隙填充有密封胶,所述抗拉增强层外部设置有外护层。此结构使得该种水下光电复合缆可在水下300水深稳定工作,电缆耐盐分腐蚀,机械性能良好,成品外径只有12.0mm±0.5mm,成品电缆最小弯曲半径在10倍左右,电缆破断拉力超过5kN,可传输光、电两种信号,抗干扰性强,满足海下探测设备的使用要求。(The invention provides an underwater photoelectric composite cable, which comprises: the optical unit, the 4-core signal unit, the shielding twisted-pair unit and the 2-core power supply unit are circumferentially arranged along the center of the photoelectric composite cable; the optical unit, the 4-core signal unit, the shielding double-twisted unit and the 2-core power line unit are externally provided with a tensile enhancement layer, gaps among the optical unit, the 4-core signal unit, the shielding double-twisted unit and the 2-core power line unit in the tensile enhancement layer are filled with sealant, and an outer protection layer is arranged outside the tensile enhancement layer. The underwater photoelectric composite cable can stably work at 300 underwater depths, is salt corrosion resistant, and has good mechanical performance, the outer diameter of a finished product is only 12.0mm +/-0.5 mm, the minimum bending radius of the finished product cable is about 10 times, the breaking force of the cable exceeds 5kN, and the cable can transmit optical and electric signals, has strong anti-interference performance, and meets the use requirements of underwater detection equipment.)

1. An underwater photoelectric composite cable, comprising: the optical unit (1), the 4-core signal unit (2), the shielding twisted pair unit (4) and the 2-core power supply unit (3) are circumferentially arranged along the center of the photoelectric composite cable;

the optical unit (1), the 4-core signal unit (2), the shielding double-twisted unit (4) and the 2-core power line unit (3) are externally provided with a tensile enhancement layer (6), a sealant (5) is filled in a gap between the optical unit (1), the 4-core signal unit (2), the shielding double-twisted unit (4) and the 2-core power line unit (3) in the tensile enhancement layer (6), and an outer protection layer (7) is arranged outside the tensile enhancement layer.

2. The underwater photoelectric composite cable according to claim 1, wherein the optical unit (1) contains four multimode optical fibers (1.1), the multimode optical fibers (1.1) are externally provided with a sheath (1.2) made of a PBT polyester plastic loose tube, gaps among the multimode optical fibers (1.1) inside the sheath are filled with gel, and the sheath is externally provided with a tensile layer (1.3) made of a high-strength aramid yarn high-density woven structure.

3. The underwater optical and electrical composite cable according to claim 1, wherein each core of the 4-core signal unit (2) includes a conductor II (2.1) and an insulating layer II (2.2) disposed outside the conductor II, a shielding layer II (2.3) is disposed outside the four cores of the 4-core signal unit, and an insulating layer II (2.4) is disposed outside the shielding layer II (2.3).

4. The underwater optical electrical composite cable of claim 1, wherein the shielding twisted pair unit (4) comprises a conductor IV (4.1) and an insulating layer IV (4.2) arranged outside the conductor IV, and a shielding layer IV (4.3) is arranged outside the conductor IV and the insulating layer IV of the shielding twisted pair unit.

5. The underwater optical and electrical composite cable of claim 1, wherein the core of the 2-core power supply unit (3) comprises a conductor III (3.1), an insulating layer III (3.2) disposed outside the conductor III, and a shielding layer III (3.3) is disposed outside the 2-core of the 2-core power supply unit.

6. The underwater photoelectric composite cable of claim 1, wherein the outer sheath (7) is made of polyether polyurethane, the tensile strength of the sheath of the outer sheath (7) is greater than 40MPa, and the elongation at break is greater than 500%.

7. The underwater photoelectric composite cable of claim 1, wherein the tensile reinforcement layer (6) is woven from high-strength aramid fibers.

8. The underwater optical/electrical composite cable of claim 1, wherein the conductor II (2.1) is a stranded tinned conductor; the insulating layer II (2.2) is made of fluoroplastic materials, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.23-0.25 mm; the shielding layer II (2.3) adopts a composite shielding structure and consists of a lapped aluminum-plastic composite tape and a high-density braided tinned copper wire, and the braiding density is more than 85%; the isolation layer II (2.4) is wrapped by adopting a polyester film, and the wrapping and covering rate is 18-25%.

9. The underwater optical/electrical composite cable of claim 1, wherein said conductor IV (4.1) is a stranded tinned conductor; the insulating layer IV (4.2) is made of fluoroplastic materials, and the thickness of the insulating layer IV is 0.23 mm-0.25 mm; the shielding layer IV (4.3) is of a composite shielding structure and is composed of a lapped aluminum-plastic composite belt and a high-density braided tinned copper wire, and the braiding density is over 85%.

10. The underwater optical/electrical composite cable of claim 1, wherein the conductor III (3.1) is a stranded tinned conductor; the insulating layer III (3.2) is made of fluoroplastic materials, and the thickness of the insulating layer III is 0.32-0.35 mm; the shielding layer III (3.3) is wrapped by a copper-plastic composite tape, and the wrapping and covering rate is 18-25%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of cables, in particular to an underwater photoelectric composite cable suitable for signal transmission and power supply of 300-meter underwater detection equipment.

Background

The sea is a cradle for life and is also a valuable wealth for sustainable development of human society. At present, with the increasing severity of land resource shortage, population expansion, environmental deterioration and other problems, coastal countries have seen great attention towards oceans, accelerating the development and utilization of oceans. With the penetration of ocean exploration, new requirements are placed on the undersea exploration equipment and accessories used by the equipment.

In the process of undersea detection, detection equipment needs to use electricity, the equipment and a cable are used in deeper seawater, and the used cable is required to have the energy of resisting water pressure; in order to acquire clearer signals such as images, pictures and sounds, cables for equipment need to have better signal transmission capacity; in the use process of underwater equipment, certain stress is inevitably generated on the cable due to the flow of seawater, the self-weight shaking of the equipment and the like, and the cable used by the underwater equipment is required to have the capability of bearing certain mechanical stress.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an underwater photoelectric composite cable, which meets the requirements of power consumption, load bearing, seawater corrosion resistance and image signal transmission of underwater detection equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an underwater opto-electric composite cable, comprising: the optical unit (1), the 4-core signal unit (2), the shielding twisted pair unit (4) and the 2-core power supply unit (3) are circumferentially arranged along the center of the photoelectric composite cable;

the optical unit (1), the 4-core signal unit (2), the shielding double-twisted unit (4) and the 2-core power line unit (3) are externally provided with a tensile enhancement layer (6), a sealant (5) is filled in a gap between the optical unit (1), the 4-core signal unit (2), the shielding double-twisted unit (4) and the 2-core power line unit (3) in the tensile enhancement layer (6), and an outer protection layer (7) is arranged outside the tensile enhancement layer.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, four multimode optical fibers (1.1) are contained in the optical unit (1), a sheath (1.2) made of a PBT polyester plastic loose tube is arranged outside the multimode optical fibers (1.1), a gap between the multimode optical fibers (1.1) in the sheath is filled with gel, and a tensile layer (1.3) made of a high-strength aramid yarn high-density woven structure is arranged outside the sheath.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, each wire core in the 4-core signal unit (2) comprises a conductor II (2.1) and an insulating layer II (2.2) arranged outside the conductor II, a shielding layer II (2.3) is arranged outside the four wire cores of the 4-core signal unit, and an isolating layer II (2.4) is arranged outside the shielding layer II (2.3).

As an option, in the underwater optical electrical composite cable provided by the present invention, the shielding twisted pair unit (4) includes a conductor IV (4.1) and an insulating layer IV (4.2) disposed outside the conductor IV, and a shielding layer IV (4.3) is disposed outside the conductor IV and the insulating layer IV of the shielding twisted pair unit.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, the core of the 2-core power supply unit (3) includes a conductor III (3.1), and an insulating layer III (3.2) disposed outside the conductor III, and a shielding layer III (3.3) is disposed outside the 2-core of the 2-core power supply unit.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, the outer protective layer (7) is made of polyether polyurethane, the tensile strength of the protective layer of the outer protective layer (7) is greater than 40MPa, and the elongation at break is greater than 500%.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, the tensile enhancement layer (6) is formed by weaving high-strength aramid fibers.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, the conductor II (2.1) is a stranded tinned conductor; the insulating layer II (2.2) is made of fluoroplastic materials, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.23-0.25 mm; the shielding layer II (2.3) adopts a composite shielding structure and consists of a lapped aluminum-plastic composite tape and a high-density braided tinned copper wire, and the braiding density is more than 85%; the isolation layer II (2.4) is wrapped by adopting a polyester film, and the wrapping and covering rate is 18-25%.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, the conductor IV (4.1) is a stranded tinned conductor; the insulating layer IV (4.2) is made of fluoroplastic materials, and the thickness of the insulating layer IV is 0.23 mm-0.25 mm; the shielding layer IV (4.3) is of a composite shielding structure and is composed of a lapped aluminum-plastic composite belt and a high-density braided tinned copper wire, and the braiding density is over 85%.

As an option, in the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention, the conductor III (3.1) is a stranded tinned conductor; the insulating layer III (3.2) is made of fluoroplastic materials, and the thickness of the insulating layer III is 0.32-0.35 mm; the shielding layer III (3.3) is wrapped by a copper-plastic composite tape, and the wrapping and covering rate is 18-25%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the water tightness is good: the inside sealed glue that adopts of cable is filled for cable inner structure is tight and real, and the leakproofness is good, and the cable adopts high strength polyether polyurethane as the sheath material simultaneously, can effectively prevent sea water erosion, mechanical damage, and the cable wholly bears water pressure and can reach more than 3MPa, can use and not take place to reveal in 300 meters underwater environment.

2. The overall external diameter is small: the cable is insulated by adopting fluoroplastic with excellent insulating property, the outer diameter of the cable is greatly reduced compared with a polyethylene insulated cable, and the minimum bending radius of a finished cable is smaller.

3. The mechanical property is good: the cable optical unit and the cable are integrally woven and reinforced by high-strength aramid fiber at high density, the protective layer is made of high-strength polyurethane, the breaking force of the cable can reach more than 5kN, and the cable is wear-resistant and resistant to seawater erosion.

4. The transmission performance is good: the optical cable unit contains four multimode optical fibers, the excess length of the optical fibers reaches 2 thousandths, gel filling is adopted, a PBT loose tube with good mechanical property and high-strength aramid fiber are adopted for reinforcement, the optical fibers can be well protected, microcracks of the optical fibers caused by mechanical stress and moisture are avoided, the optical transmission performance is good, and transmitted optical signals are basically not interfered by the outside; the signal units of the cable adopt a composite shielding structure, the weaving density reaches more than 85%, the power supply adopts a copper-plastic composite tape for wrapping and shielding, the shielding and the isolation among all the electric units are good, the transmitted electric signals are basically not interfered by external electromagnetic signals, and the overall signal transmission performance of the cable is good.

In conclusion, the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention is insulated by adopting the fluoroplastic, the outer diameter of the insulation is relatively small, and the outer diameter of a finished product is relatively small; the optical fiber cable adopts PBT loose tube optical fibers, gel is filled in the optical fiber cable, moisture invasion can be effectively prevented, the optical unit is reinforced by aramid fiber weaving, and meanwhile, the residual length of the optical fibers in the optical fiber cable is long enough, so that the influence of mechanical stress on the transmission performance of the optical fiber cable can be effectively reduced; the cable is provided with an optical unit and a signal line unit and can simultaneously transmit optical signals and electric signals; the cable is filled with the sealant, so that the water tightness of the cable is better; the cable is reinforced by high-strength aramid fiber high-density weaving, and the breaking force of the cable is greater than 5 kN; a layer of polyether polyurethane is extruded outside the aramid fiber reinforced layer to serve as a sheath, seawater erosion and mechanical damage can be effectively prevented, and the service life of the cable under water is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater isolated photoelectric composite cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light unit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 2-core power line unit in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 4-core signal unit in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a shielded twisted pair unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution adopted by the present invention will be further explained with reference to the schematic drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, an underwater optical-electrical composite cable includes: the optical unit 1, 4 core signal units 2, the shielding twisted pair unit 4, 2 core power supply unit 3 are arranged along the central circumference of the photoelectric composite cable, wherein the 4 core signal units 2, 2 core power supply unit 3 are symmetrically distributed along the center of the photoelectric composite cable, the optical unit 1 is distributed at the upper gap of the 4 core signal units 2, 2 core power supply unit 3, and the shielding twisted pair unit 4 is distributed at the lower gap of the 4 core signal units 2, 2 core power supply unit 3. The optical unit 1, the 4-core signal unit 2, the shielding double-twisted unit 4 and the 2-core power line unit 3 are externally provided with a tensile enhancement layer 6, and the tensile enhancement layer is formed by weaving high-strength aramid fibers, so that the cable can bear breaking force larger than 5 kN. And a sealant 5 is filled in a gap between the optical unit 1 and the optical unit 4 in the tensile enhancement layer 6 and between the shielding double-twisted unit 4 and the shielding double-twisted unit 2 and the power line unit 3, and an outer protective layer 7 is arranged outside the tensile enhancement layer.

In the invention, sealant is filled in the optical unit, the 4-core signal unit, the 2-core power supply unit and the shielding twisted-pair unit in the cabling process.

The structure of the underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention enables the underwater photoelectric composite cable to stably work at 300 underwater depths, the cable is salt corrosion resistant, the mechanical performance is good, the outer diameter of a finished product is only 12.0mm +/-0.5 mm, the minimum bending radius of the finished product cable is about 10 times, the breaking tension of the cable exceeds 5kN, the underwater photoelectric composite cable can transmit optical and electric signals, the anti-interference performance is strong, and the use requirement of underwater detection equipment is met.

The following describes each core of the underwater photoelectric composite cable in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 2, the detailed structure of the optical unit is shown, and it can be seen from the figure that the optical unit 1 arranged in the underwater photoelectric composite cable contains four multimode optical fibers 1.1, and the residual length of the optical fibers is enough to be about 2 per mill. The external part of the multimode optical fiber 1.1 adopts a PBT polyester plastic loose tube with good mechanical property and difficult hydrolysis as a sheath 1.2, and gel is filled in the multimode optical fiber to prevent water from invading, protect the optical fiber as much as possible and avoid microcrack. The PBT polyester plastic loose tube 1.2 is externally woven by high-strength aramid yarn with high density to form the tensile layer 1.3, so that the optical unit 1 can bear certain tensile force in the axial direction without damaging the transmission performance of the optical fiber.

Referring to fig. 3, which shows a detailed structure of the 2-core power line unit, in the figure, the core of the 2-core power supply unit 3 includes a conductor III3.1, an insulating layer III3.2 disposed outside the conductor III, and a shielding layer III3.3 disposed outside the 2-core of the 2-core power supply unit. The conductor III3.1 adopts a stranded tinned conductor; the insulating layer III3.2 on the outer side of the conductor III is made of a high-temperature-resistant fluoroplastic material with good insulating property, the insulating thickness is thinner, the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.32-0.35 mm, and the outer diameter is smaller. The shielding layer III3.3 is wrapped by a copper-plastic composite tape, the wrapping and covering rate is 18-25%, and interference on a power line is well shielded and isolated.

Referring to fig. 4, the detailed structure of the 4-core signal unit is shown, the 4-core signal unit 2 is composed of a conductor II2.1, an insulating layer II2.2, a shielding layer II2.3 and an isolating layer II2.4, each wire core includes a conductor II2.1 and an insulating layer II2.2 arranged outside the conductor II, the shielding layer II2.3 is arranged outside the four wire cores of the 4-core signal unit, and the isolating layer II2.4 is arranged outside the shielding layer II 2.3. The conductor II2.1 adopts a stranded tinned conductor. And an insulating layer II2.2 on the outer side of the conductor II is made of a high-temperature-resistant fluoroplastic material with good insulating property, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.23-0.25 mm. The shielding layer II2.3 is a composite shielding structure and is composed of a wrapped aluminum-plastic composite tape and a high-density braided tinned copper wire, the braiding density reaches more than 85%, and the interference of external electromagnetic signals can be well shielded. The isolation layer II2.4 adopts polyester film to wrap, and the wrapping covering rate is between 18% and 25%, so that the phenomenon of internal leakage of the cable in the bending process can be avoided, and the isolation effect is ensured.

Referring to fig. 5, which is a detailed structure of the shielding twisted pair unit, it can be seen that the shielding twisted pair unit 4 includes a conductor IV4.1, an insulating layer IV4.2 disposed outside the conductor IV, and a shielding layer IV4.3 disposed outside the conductor IV and the insulating layer IV of the shielding twisted pair unit. The conductor IV4.1 is a stranded tinned conductor, the insulating layer IV4.2 on the outer side of the conductor IV is made of a fluoroplastic material with high temperature resistance and good insulating property, the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.23-0.25 mm, the shielding layer IV4.3 is of a composite shielding structure and consists of a wrapped aluminum-plastic composite belt and a high-density braided tinned copper wire, the braiding density reaches over 85 percent, and the interference of external electromagnetic signals can be well shielded.

The underwater photoelectric composite cable provided by the invention is insulated by adopting the fluoroplastic with good insulating property, the insulating outer diameter is relatively small, and the outer diameter of the final finished product is relatively small; the optical unit is internally provided with an aramid armored loose optical unit, and the excess length of the optical fiber in the optical unit is long enough, so that the transmission performance of the optical unit cannot be damaged when stress is borne; the signal line unit adopts a composite shielding structure, so that the interference of external electromagnetic signals can be avoided to a greater extent; the power line is shielded by the copper-plastic composite belt, so that the influence of the inductor on other units can be reduced; sealant is adopted for filling during cabling, so that the water tightness of the cable is greatly enhanced; after cabling, high-strength aramid fiber is adopted to weave armoring, so that the bearing capacity of the cable on mechanical stress is greatly enhanced, and the cable can have breaking tension greater than 5 kN; the cable is made of polyether polyurethane with good seawater erosion resistance, so that the cable has certain resistance to seawater erosion.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the underwater photoelectric composite cable, which comprises the following steps:

1. firstly, in order to improve the flexibility of the cable, the pitch diameter ratio of the conductor wire is about 14 times, a wire binding die adopts a polycrystalline stranding die, and the size of the die is consistent with the designed and calculated outer diameter of a stranded copper wire.

2. Fluoroplastics with good temperature resistance and excellent insulating property are adopted as insulating materials, and the processing temperature is sequentially set to be 280-plus-material 310 ℃, 315-plus-material 330 ℃, 340-plus-material 360 ℃, 360-plus-material 380 ℃ and 380-plus-material 400 ℃ from the feed inlet of the extruder to each section of the head of the extruder; pressure type extrusion is adopted.

3. Each unit is divided into cables, and filled with nylon strips and sealant to be round.

4. Shielding: the power line unit is wrapped and shielded by a copper-plastic composite tape, and the wrapping and covering rate is 18-25%; the signal wire and the twisted-pair wire unit are wrapped and shielded by adopting an aluminum-plastic composite tape, then are shielded by adopting a tinned copper wire high-density woven shield, the wrapping and covering rate is 18% -25%, the weaving density is more than 85%, the aluminum surface faces outwards, and a polyester tape is added on the outer side of the woven shield of the 4-core signal wire to be wrapped and isolated, so that the 4-core signal wire unit is isolated from the rest of electric units, and the wrapping and covering rate is 18% -25%.

5. The cable optical unit is reinforced by high-density weaving of high-strength aramid fibers, and the weaving pitch is about 22 mm.

6. The stranding pitch is twisted by adopting a pitch-diameter ratio of 12-14 times. The stranding die is a nylon stranding die, the size of the die is the outer diameter of the stranded die calculated according to the design, and sealant is filled in the cabling process.

7. High-density aramid fiber is woven on the outer side of the cabling unit to serve as a tensile enhancement layer 6, and twisted aramid yarn of 1670dtex is adopted for weaving and reinforcing.

8. And extruding a layer of high-strength polyether polyurethane material outside the tensile enhancement layer 6 to form an outer protective layer 7, wherein the outer diameter of the outer protective layer is 12.0mm +/-0.5 mm, and the final product is obtained. The outer protective layer 7 plays a role in isolating external bad mechanical damage and seawater erosion to the cable. The thickness of the extruded sheath is 1.7 mm-2.0 mm, the tensile strength of the polyurethane is more than 40MPa, and the elongation at break is more than 500%. When adopting polyurethane to make as the sheath material, its processing temperature sets gradually on each section position from extruder feed inlet to extruder aircraft nose: at 135 ℃ at 125 ℃ and 180 ℃ at 170 ℃ and 170 ℃ at 180 ℃ and 165 ℃ at 170 ℃; the extrusion die adopts a pressure type extrusion die.

The underwater photoelectric composite cable shown in fig. 1 can be obtained by the method. The underwater photoelectric composite cable can be used in an undersea environment with the water depth of 300m, bears the water pressure of more than 3MPa, is free of leakage, has the cable breaking force of more than 5kN, and is resistant to seawater salt corrosion in the cable structure, the power line unit 3, the optical unit 1, the signal line unit 2 and the shielding double-twisted unit 4 which are arranged in the underwater photoelectric composite cable can meet the requirements of power supply, communication and the like of undersea equipment, and the cable adopts a high-strength and seawater corrosion resistant polyurethane protective layer to ensure that the cable is used for a long time underwater and the tensile enhancement layer 6 is woven by high-strength aramid fibers in the cable, so that the cable can bear certain mechanical stress.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.