阅读说明：本技术 保持组件和至少两个堆叠式火花隙的组件 (Holding element and element with at least two stacked spark gaps ) 是由 T.迈尔 H.萨格比尔 于 2019-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：图示和说明了一种用于多个电极(2)的保持组件(1),该保持组件具有至少两个保持框架(3),所述保持框架能平面地上下堆叠。用根据本发明的保持组件能以如下方式特别简单地将多个也形成了多于一个的堆叠式火花隙的电极(2)相对于彼此布置,使得在各个保持框架(3)中,分别并排构造有至少两个凹口(4),以使得每个凹口(4)分别容纳各一个电极(2),其中,各个凹口(4)的轮廓与各个电极(2)的外尺寸相匹配,并且各个保持框架(3)能彼此连接。(A holding assembly (1) for a plurality of electrodes (2) is shown and described, having at least two holding frames (3) which can be stacked flat above and below. With the holding arrangement according to the invention, a plurality of electrodes (2), which also form more than one stacked spark gap, can be arranged relative to one another in a particularly simple manner in such a way that in each holding frame (3) at least two recesses (4) are formed in each case side by side, so that each recess (4) receives in each case one electrode (2), wherein the contour of the respective recess (4) is adapted to the outer dimensions of the respective electrode (2), and the respective holding frames (3) can be connected to one another.)

1. A holding assembly (1) for a plurality of electrodes (2) has at least two holding frames (3) which can be stacked one above the other in a planar manner,

characterized in that at least two recesses (4) are formed in each holding frame (3) next to one another in such a way that each recess (4) receives in each case one electrode (2), wherein the contour of each recess (4) is adapted to the outer dimensions of the respective electrode (2), and the holding frames (3) can be connected to one another.

2. Holding assembly (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that in each holding frame (3) a number of openings (5) corresponding to the number of recesses (4) is formed, wherein in each case one opening (5) is connected to a recess (4), so that an electrode (2) arranged in a recess (4) can be contacted via the opening (5).

3. Holding assembly (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the opening (5) is configured on at least one longitudinal side (6) of the holding frame (3).

4. The holding arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a projection (8, 10) and a recess (9, 11) are formed on at least one side of the holding frame (3), in particular on both end sides (7) of the holding frame (3), wherein the projection (8, 10) extends beyond the plane of the holding frame (3) in the direction of the adjacent holding frame (3) and overlaps the recess (9, 11) of the adjacent holding frame (3) when two holding frames (3) are stacked one on top of the other.

5. The holding assembly (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that a gripping surface (12) is configured on the projection (8).

6. Holding assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the holding frames (3) each have at least one latching element, for example a tenon, on the front side and at least one corresponding counter-latching element, for example a mortise hole, on the rear side, so that the latching elements of a holding frame (3) engage into the counter-latching elements of a second holding frame (3) when two holding frames (3) are stacked one on top of the other.

7. The holding assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the holding frame (3) has an at least partially circumferential edge (13) relative to which the recess (4) is set back, wherein the at least partially circumferential edge (13) serves as a support for at least one frame-shaped insulating piece (14).

8. The holding assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one bore (15) for the passage of a fixing element is arranged in each holding frame (3), wherein the bores (15) in the respective holding frames (3) are flush with one another when the holding frames (3) are stacked one on top of the other.

9. The holding assembly (1) according to claim 8, characterised in that at least one bore (15) is surrounded by an annular groove (17) on one side (16) of the holding frame (3), and on the other side (18) of the holding frame (3) an annular projection is attached to the bore (15), which annular projection extends beyond the plane of the holding frame (3) in the direction of the adjacent holding frame (3) and, when two holding frames (3) are stacked one on top of the other, engages in the annular groove (17) of the adjacent holding frame (3).

10. An assembly of at least two stacked spark gaps, each having a plurality of electrodes (2) and a frame-shaped insulator (14) arranged between the electrodes (2),

characterized in that the respective electrode (2) and the respective insulator (15) are arranged in a holding frame (3) of the holding assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein one respective electrode (2) and insulator (14) of each stacked spark gap is arranged in the holding frame (3) and a plurality of holding frames (3) are stacked one above the other.

11. Assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that in each holding frame (3) at least two electrodes (2) are arranged in each case and at least one insulation (14) is arranged in each case, wherein the electrodes (2) are arranged in each case in a recess (4) in the holding frame (3) and the insulation (14) is arranged in an at least partially circumferential edge (13) of the holding frame (3).

12. Assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that a frame-shaped insulating film (14) is provided as an insulator for each holding frame (3), in which recesses (19) are formed, the number of which corresponds to the number of electrodes (2), said recesses being arranged in correspondence with the electrodes (2).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a holding assembly for a plurality of electrodes, having at least two holding frames which can be stacked in a planar manner one above the other. The invention also relates to an assembly of at least two stacked spark gaps, each having a plurality of electrodes and a frame-shaped insulator arranged between the electrodes.

Background

Stacked spark gaps, also referred to in part as multi-stage spark gaps, have been known in recent years. Such a stacked spark gap is composed of a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of insulating members arranged between the respective electrodes, so that there is one insulating member between the two electrodes, respectively, the insulating member having an opening in the center, so that the two electrodes form a spark gap. The electrodes are usually configured here as circular or rectangular graphite disks, between which an annular or frame-shaped insulating element is then respectively arranged. The insulating element is often designed as a thin insulating film made of plastic, for example PTFE, and has a thickness of typically less than 1 mm.

Different variants are known from practice, how the individual electrodes and the individual insulators can be connected to form a stacked spark gap. For this purpose, contact plates of large area are often used, which form the end faces of the stacked spark gaps and are braced against one another in the axial direction by screwing by means of a plurality of guide rods, so that the individual electrodes and the individual insulators are clamped between the contact plates in their stacked arrangement. This results in a relatively large installation space being required when the guide rods arranged between the contact plates are guided past the respective electrode on the outside.

DE 202013102647U 1 discloses a stacked spark gap in which the installation space or space requirement is reduced in that the individual electrodes are centrally perforated and the contact plates arranged on the end faces of the stacked electrodes are connected to one another by guide rods which extend through the holes of the individual electrodes and the holes of the annular insulating element. Due to the use of only one guide rod and the built-in arrangement of the guide rods, a stacked spark gap can be achieved, the space requirement of which is not much greater than the space requirement of the stacked electrodes.

However, the precise positioning of the electrodes and the insulation relative to one another is also relatively expensive, there is also the risk that, when the guide rod is not tightened with sufficient force, movement may occur between the individual elements over time, there is also an increased risk that, when a pulse stream is discharged, increased mechanical and thermal loads occur, which may cause movement between the individual elements, whereas, if the guide rod is over-tightened or tightened, excessive tensions may occur in the graphite-based electrodes, which may adversely affect the discharge capacity, the insulation strength and the afterflow eligibility of the spark gap (folgstromöschfähigkeit).

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a holding element for a plurality of electrodes, by means of which a plurality of stacked spark gaps can be created in a simple and reproducible manner. In this case, as much flexibility as possible in terms of the number of electrodes of the stacked spark gap should be provided.

This object is achieved in the holding assembly according to claim 1 described at the outset in that at least two recesses are formed in each holding frame in each case next to one another, wherein the recesses are each intended for receiving an electrode, for which purpose the contour of each recess is adapted to the outer dimensions of the respective electrode. In order to be able to position the individual holding frames, which can be stacked flat on top of one another, in a simple manner, the individual holding frames can be mechanically connected to one another.

The holding assembly according to the invention, which is composed of a plurality of holding frames that can be stacked one on top of the other and can be latched to one another, is therefore characterized in that the respective holding frame is not only designed to accommodate one electrode, but also at least two electrodes, preferably three electrodes, for which purpose a corresponding number of recesses for the respective electrodes are designed in the respective holding frame. In a holding element consisting of, for example, five holding frames each having three recesses, fifteen electrodes can be arranged, wherein five electrodes, one above the other, form a stacked spark gap, so that with this holding element three stacked spark gaps can be created, which are arranged parallel to one another. A high degree of flexibility with respect to the number of holding frames, which form a holding assembly, is achieved by stackability. The number of holding frames can be freely selected depending on the application and the conditions of use.

In a preferred embodiment of the holding arrangement according to the invention, openings are formed in each holding frame, the number of which corresponds to the number of recesses, which openings are connected to the recesses, so that the electrodes arranged in the recesses can be contacted from the outside via the openings. The openings can be dimensioned such that, if necessary, structural elements for controlling the electrical properties of the individual stacked spark gaps can also be arranged completely or partially in the openings. The opening is preferably dimensioned such that the spring contact contacts the respective electrode through the opening, wherein the spring contact is connected to the circuit or to a corresponding component, for example a component for controlling the ignition behavior, on the side facing away from the electrode.

The opening is preferably formed on at least one longitudinal side of the holding frame, so that the circuit or the structural element contacting the electrode can be arranged adjacent to the longitudinal side of the holding frame. It is particularly advantageous here if all openings are arranged on the longitudinal sides of the holding frame, since the structural elements can then be arranged particularly simply for contacting the electrodes on a common circuit or on a common circuit board which is positioned adjacent to the longitudinal sides of the holding frame.

It has been stated at the outset that in the holding assembly according to the invention the individual holding frames can be simply positioned relative to one another in such a way that the holding frames can be connected to one another. Different possibilities exist with regard to the design of the connection between the individual holding frames. The holding frames can each have at least one latching element on the front side and at least one corresponding mating latching element on the rear side, so that the latching elements of one holding frame engage in the mating latching elements of the second holding frame when two holding frames are stacked one on top of the other. For example, pin-shaped pins (Zapfen) or projections (vorprpung) can be formed as latching elements on the sides of the holding frame lying opposite one another, i.e. on the front side and the rear side, and corresponding pin holes (zapfenloc) or recesses can be formed as mating latching elements.

In accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment of the holding arrangement, a projection and a recess are formed on at least one side of the holding frames, wherein, when two holding frames are stacked one on top of the other, the projection extends beyond the plane of the holding frame in the direction of the adjacent holding frame and overlaps the corresponding recess of the adjacent holding frame. In this case, it is preferred that the projections and recesses are formed in each case not only on one side of the holding frame, but also on two sides of the holding frame lying opposite one another, in particular on the two end sides, so that by the projections and recesses of adjacent holding frames engaging one another, a staggered nesting (Verschachtelung) is produced, which prevents the holding frames from slipping relative to one another.

In order to prevent the holding frames from slipping relative to one another in the plane of the holding frames, it is preferred to form at least one projection also on at least one longitudinal side and to form a recess adjacent thereto. The projections on the longitudinal sides and the projections on the end sides extend here preferably in opposite directions beyond the plane of the holding frame. Furthermore, the staggered nesting also ensures that the individual holding frames are positioned exactly in relation to one another without the stacking of the holding frames becoming difficult.

In order to further simplify the stacking or splicing of the individual holding frames, a gripping surface is preferably formed on the individual projections, so that the holding frames can be gripped by the installer simply with two fingers and connected to one another.

As already explained at the outset, the individual stacked spark gaps are usually formed not only by a plurality of electrodes stacked one on top of the other, but also by a plurality of insulating elements arranged between the individual electrodes. The holding frame of the holding arrangement according to the invention therefore has, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, an at least partially circumferential edge which serves as a support for the at least one frame-shaped insulating element. The recess is arranged in the holding frame with reference to the at least partially circumferential edge set back, so that the frame-shaped insulating element initially rests on the edge and not on the electrode arranged in the recess. The position of the frame-shaped insulating part is thus determined by the holding frame and is independent of possible tolerances with regard to the arrangement of the electrodes in the recesses. Since the edge serves as a support for the frame-shaped insulation, it is not necessary to configure the edge to be completely circumferential. In the edge, interruptions can thus be arranged, for example, as a result of openings formed in the holding frame for contacting the electrodes.

The previously described variants of the latching, in particular the design of the projections and recesses, are sufficient for a simple and precise positioning of the individual holding frames relative to one another. In order to connect the individual holding frames to one another permanently and securely, a fastening element, which may be a screw or a bolt, is preferably provided. In order to arrange or accommodate at least one fixing element, at least one bore for the passage of the fixing element is arranged in each holding frame. When the holding frames are stacked one on top of the other, the bores in the individual holding frames are flush with one another here, that is to say the bores are formed in the same position in all the holding frames. In this case, at least two bores are preferably formed in each holding frame, which bores are arranged between two recesses in a section of the holding frame.

According to a last advantageous development of the invention, which is also to be explained briefly here, the at least one bore is surrounded on one side (front side or rear side) of the holding frame by an annular groove. On the opposite side (back or front side) of the holding frame, an annular projection is then formed which is attached to the bore and extends beyond the plane of the holding frame in the direction of the adjacent holding frame, so that when two holding frames are stacked one on top of the other, the annular projection engages in the annular groove of the adjacent holding frame. This embodiment also allows the bores of adjacent holding frames to be nested into one another in a staggered manner, thereby further increasing the secure positioning of the individual holding frames relative to one another. Furthermore, the formation of annular grooves and annular protrusions on the bore hole increases the air gap and the creepage distance (Kriechstrecke).

In addition to holding elements for a plurality of electrodes, the invention also relates to an element of at least two stacked spark gaps, each having a plurality of electrodes and a frame-shaped insulator arranged between the electrodes. In such an assembly, the object stated at the outset is solved with the features of claim 10 in that the respective electrodes and the respective insulating elements are arranged in a holding frame of the holding assembly according to the invention. In this case, one electrode and one insulator of each stacked spark gap are arranged in a holding frame and a plurality of holding frames are stacked one above the other. If an assembly of, for example, three stacked spark gaps is concerned, three electrodes and at least one insulator are arranged in each holding frame. The electrodes are each arranged in a recess in the holding frame, and the insulating element is accommodated in an at least partially circumferential edge of the holding frame.

With regard to the advantages of such an arrangement of at least two, preferably three, stacked spark gaps, reference is made to the advantages explained previously in connection with the retaining element according to the invention.

In principle, the individual insulating elements can be provided in the individual holding frames in a number corresponding to the number of electrodes, so that a frame-shaped insulating element is associated with each electrode. However, it is preferred that only one frame-shaped insulating film as an insulating element is provided for each holding frame, in which insulating film recesses are formed, the number of which corresponds to the number of electrodes, said recesses being arranged in each case in correspondence with the respective electrodes. The assembly of the assembly is further simplified by using only one frame-shaped insulating film at the location of the individual insulating pieces per holding frame.

The insulating film is preferably made of plastic, for example PTFE, and has a small thickness of preferably less than 1mm, in particular less than 0.5 mm. But other materials for the insulation of the insulating film are also possible in principle. The insulating film can likewise have a greater thickness, and can therefore also be referred to as insulating disk or insulating plate. The term "insulating film" should therefore not be limited to a specific material nor to a specific thickness.

Drawings

In particular, there are numerous possibilities for improving and designing the holding element according to the invention and the element of at least two stacked spark gaps. For this reason, reference is made to the claims following claims 1 and 10, as well as to the description of the preferred embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings. Shown in the attached drawings:

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of various holding frames of a holding assembly;

FIG. 2 shows two interlocking holding frames which together form a holding assembly;

FIG. 3 is a holding frame according to FIG. 1 with an insulating film built into it;

FIG. 4 shows the holding frame according to FIG. 1 with three electrodes and an insulating film in the not yet mounted state; and is

Fig. 5 is an embodiment of an assembly of three stacked spark gaps in a retaining assembly.

Detailed Description

The figures show a holding assembly 1 for a plurality of electrodes 2, wherein the holding assembly 1 has at least two holding frames 3 stacked one above the other in a plane. Such a single holding frame 3 is shown in fig. 1. The holding frame 3 has three recesses 4, so that the holding frame 3 can also accommodate three electrodes 2, i.e. one electrode 2 per recess 4. The three recesses 4 are arranged next to one another in a plane and each have a contour adapted to the outer dimensions of the respective electrode 2, as can be seen from fig. 4.

Fig. 2 shows a holding assembly 1 which is composed of two holding frames 3, so that this holding assembly 1 can accommodate six electrodes 2 in total. The individual holding frames 3 each have an opening 5, the number of which corresponds to the number of recesses 4, so that in the holding frame 3 shown in the figures, three openings 5 are formed in the holding frame 3. As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, one opening 5 each is connected to the recess 4, that is to say the opening 5 is attached directly to the recess 4, so that the electrode 2 arranged in the recess 4 can be contacted through the opening 5. The electrodes 2 can thus be electrically connected via the openings 5 to a circuit or a component for controlling or igniting the spark gap between two electrodes 2 stacked one above the other. The openings 5 are preferably formed on the longitudinal side 6 of the holding frame 3, so that the contacting of the individual electrodes 2 from this side can be carried out particularly easily.

In order to be able to connect or latch the individual holding frames 3 to one another, a projection 8 and a recess 9 are formed on both end sides 7 of the holding frames 3. The projection 8 extends beyond the plane of the holding frame 3 in the direction of the adjacent holding frame 3. In the illustration according to fig. 1, the projection 8 extends rearward beyond the plane of the holding frames 3, so that when two holding frames 3 are stacked one above the other according to fig. 2, the projection 8 overlaps the corresponding recess 9 of the adjacent, rear holding frame 3.

In addition to the projections 8 formed on the two end sides 7 of the holding frame 3, the holding frame 3 also has two projections 10 on the longitudinal sides 6, adjacent to which recesses 11 are formed in each case. In the illustration according to fig. 1, two projections 11 extend forward beyond the plane of the holding frame 3 and are therefore opposite the projections 8. If two adjacent holding frames 3 are stacked one above the other, the projection 10 of one holding frame 3 overlaps the correspondingly configured recess 11 on the same longitudinal side 6 of the other holding frame 3, as shown in fig. 2. In this arrangement, the projections 8 of the front holding frame 3 therefore overlap the recesses 9 formed on the end side 7 of the rear holding frame 3, while the projections 10 of the rear holding frame 3 formed on the longitudinal side 6 overlap the corresponding recesses 11 of the front holding frame 3 or engage in the recesses 11. In a simple manner, this ensures a secure fixing of the individual holding frames 3 to one another, so that they can no longer be displaced relative to one another in the plane of the holding frames 3. The holding frame 3 is thus nested into one another by the formation of the projections 8, 10 and the recesses 9, 11.

For simple handling of the individual holding frames, a gripping surface 12 is formed on the projection 8 formed on the end side 7, so that the holding frame 3 can be gripped by the installer simply with two fingers. Thereby further facilitating stacking of the respective holding frames 3 on top of each other.

As can be seen in particular from the overview of fig. 1 and 3, the holding frame 3 has a partially circumferential edge 13, against which the recess 4 is set back. The edge 13 is only partially circumferential in this case, since it is interrupted at least in the region of the opening 5. But this is not important for the function of the edge 13 serving as a support for the frame-shaped insulator 14. In the illustration according to fig. 3, a frame-shaped insulating part 14 is inserted into the holding frame 3, so that in two holding frames 3 stacked on top of one another, the insulating part 14 is arranged between two stacked electrodes 2 arranged in each case in the holding frame 3. Three spark gaps arranged next to one another can thus be realized with the holding arrangement 1 shown in fig. 2, in which only two holding frames 3 are stacked one above the other, wherein one spark gap is formed in each case by two electrodes 2 arranged one behind the other and the insulator 14 arranged between the electrodes 2.

In order to be able to fix the individual holding frames 3 of the holding arrangement 1 relative to one another also perpendicular to the plane of the holding frames 3, a plurality of bores 15 are arranged in each holding frame 3 in order to feed corresponding fixing elements (not shown), wherein the bores 15 in the individual holding frames 3 are flush with one another when the holding frames 3 are stacked one on top of the other. Screws or rivets, in particular, can be used as fixing elements. As can be seen, for example, from fig. 1, the two boreholes 15 are each surrounded by an annular groove 17 on one side of the holding frame 3, i.e. the front side 16. On the other side of the holding frame 3, i.e. on the rear side 18, a corresponding annular projection, which extends over the plane of the holding frame 3 like the projection 8, is attached to the bore 15 for this purpose, so that when two holding frames 3 are stacked one on top of the other, the annular projection engages in the corresponding annular groove 17.

Furthermore, the holding frame 3 has, viewed from the front side 16, two further recesses 21 which form further projections on the rear side 18 which extend beyond the plane of the holding frame 3. When the holding frames 3 are stacked one on top of the other, the recesses 21 and the corresponding projections of two adjacent holding frames 3 are fitted into each other.

Fig. 5 shows an arrangement of three stacked spark gaps arranged side by side, which are arranged in a holding element 1 according to the invention, wherein the holding element 1 is formed in the exemplary embodiment shown by twelve holding frames 3 stacked one above the other. In each holding frame 3, three electrodes 2 and a frame-shaped insulator 14 are arranged. The three stacked spark gaps thus each have twelve electrodes 2, so that each stacked spark gap has eleven spark gaps connected in series.

Since only one insulating part in the form of an insulating film 14 is arranged in each holding frame 3, each insulating film 14 has a number of recesses 19 corresponding to the number of electrodes 2, which recesses are arranged in correspondence with the electrodes 2 or with the recesses 4 in the holding frames 3. In the illustrated embodiment of the holding frame 3 provided for accommodating three electrodes 2, therefore, three recesses 19 are also arranged in the insulating film 14, as can be seen in fig. 4. Furthermore, it is also apparent from the illustration in fig. 4 that a bore 20 is also formed in the insulating film 14, through which a corresponding fastening element can be passed. The bores 20 are arranged here such that they are flush with the bores 15 in the holding frame 3 when the insulating film 14 is inserted into the holding frame 3.

List of reference numerals

1 holding assembly

2 electrode

3 holding frame

4 notches

5 opening

6 longitudinal side

7 end side

8. 10 projection

9. 11 concave part

12 grabbing noodle

13 edge

14 insulating film

15 drilling

16 front side

17 annular groove

18 back side

19 recesses in insulating film

20 drilling

21 in the holding frame.