阅读说明：本技术 自热氨裂化方法 (Autothermal ammonia cracking process ) 是由 C·H·斯佩斯 T·L·温德 P·J·达尔 于 2018-08-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于从氨生产含有氮气和氢气的产物气体的方法,其包括以下步骤：用含有氧气的气体将氨非催化地部分氧化成含有氮气、水、一定量的氮氧化物和残余量的氨的工艺气体；通过与含镍催化剂接触,将工艺气体中至少一部分残余量的氨裂化为氢气和氮气,同时通过使工艺气体与含镍催化剂接触而与在工艺气体的裂化过程中形成的一部分氢气反应,将所述一定量的氮氧化物还原为氮气和水；以及取出含有氢气和氮气的产物气体。(The invention relates to a method for producing a product gas containing nitrogen and hydrogen from ammonia, comprising the following steps: non-catalytically partially oxidizing ammonia with an oxygen-containing gas to a process gas containing nitrogen, water, a quantity of nitrogen oxides and a residual quantity of ammonia; cracking at least a portion of the residual amount of ammonia in the process gas into hydrogen and nitrogen by contacting with a nickel-containing catalyst, while reducing said amount of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water by reacting the process gas with a portion of the hydrogen formed during the cracking of the process gas by contacting the process gas with the nickel-containing catalyst; and withdrawing a product gas comprising hydrogen and nitrogen.)

1. Process for producing a product gas containing nitrogen and hydrogen from ammonia, comprising the steps of:

non-catalytically partially oxidizing ammonia with an oxygen-containing gas to a process gas containing nitrogen, water, a quantity of nitrogen oxides and a residual quantity of ammonia;

cracking at least a portion of the residual amount of ammonia in the process gas into hydrogen and nitrogen by contacting with a nickel-containing catalyst, while reducing said amount of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water by reacting the process gas with a portion of the hydrogen formed during the cracking of the process gas by contacting the process gas with the nickel-containing catalyst; and

a product gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen was withdrawn.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein the amount of nitrogen oxides produced in the uncatalyzed partial oxidation step is reduced by more than 80% to as much as 100%, limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium, by reacting the nitrogen oxides with hydrogen by contacting the nitrogen oxides with a nickel-containing catalyst.

3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the non-catalytic partial oxidation of ammonia is carried out by combusting gaseous ammonia in a combustor in the presence of a sub-stoichiometric amount of an oxygen-containing gas.

4. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the non-catalytic partial oxidation step and the cracking step are carried out in a single reactor vessel.

5. The process of claim 4, wherein the single reactor is configured as an autothermal cracking reactor.

6. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the oxygen/ammonia feed flow ratio into the non-catalytic partial oxidation step is adjusted to result in an equilibrium temperature of the product gas of 700 to 1100 ℃ after contact with the nickel-containing catalyst.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the oxygen content in the oxygen containing gas varies corresponding to a lambda value between 0.18 and 0.30, where lambda is the ratio between the actual oxygen feed flow and the oxygen feed flow required for the ammonia to be completely stoichiometrically combusted into nitrogen and water.

8. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the oxygen containing gas contains 10 to 100 vol% oxygen.

9. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising feeding CO in a methanation reactor by means of hydrogen obtained from an ammonia cracking step₂And (4) converting into methane.

10. The process of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising the step of separating uncracked ammonia further contained in the product gas.

11. The process of claim 8 wherein uncracked ammonia is separated from the product gas by a water wash.

12. A process according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the separated ammonia is recovered in an ammonia recovery step and recycled to the non-catalytic partial oxidation step.

13. The method of any one of claims 10 to 12, comprising adding NaOH to the ammonia recovery step.

14. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising the step of adjusting the hydrogen/nitrogen molar ratio of the product gas in a product gas adjustment unit.

15. The process of any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising adding a source of hydrogen to the ammonia feed or directly to a burner in the cracking reactor.

16. The process of claim 15, wherein the source of hydrogen is ammonia cracking product gas, or product gas adjusted for ammonia content and/or hydrogen/nitrogen ratio.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the source of hydrogen is a utility supply or from another process.

18. The method of any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising CO of an oxygen-containing gas₂And removing and washing.

Examples

The process gas flow and composition for the ammonia cracking process, corresponding to a lambda value of 0.21 and the equilibrium temperature of the resulting product gas after contact with the nickel containing catalyst in the autothermal ammonia cracking reactor is 800 ℃ is shown in table 1 below.

TABLE 1