阅读说明：本技术 一种巷道钻构造煤时随钻防塌孔工具及方法 (Tool and method for preventing hole collapse while drilling during roadway drilling of constructional coal ) 是由 倪小明 杨慈祥 金毅 王娟 李怀珍 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种巷道钻构造煤时随钻防塌孔工具,包括固定套、若干个C型弹性支撑环、控制系统和远程监控系统,固定套套装固定在钻杆的外部,钻杆的前端设有钻头,固定套的外部下侧沿长度方向固定连接有若干个卡座,每个C型弹性支撑环的缺口两端均设有塞柱,两个塞柱左右对称卡接在相应的卡座内,每个卡座内部均设有两个卡紧机构,每个卡座内部均设有定位芯片；控制系统分别与各个卡紧机构和远程监控系统通过井下通信电缆连接,远程监控系统分别与各个定位芯片通过GPRS或无线信号传输连接。本发明可以有效防止钻孔中塌孔现象,能保证构造煤中钻孔的成功率,同时又能在瓦斯抽放时起到护孔的作用,提高瓦斯抽采时间和抽采效果。(A hole collapse prevention tool while drilling when tunnel structural coal is drilled comprises a fixing sleeve, a plurality of C-shaped elastic support rings, a control system and a remote monitoring system, wherein the fixing sleeve is sleeved and fixed outside a drill rod, a drill bit is arranged at the front end of the drill rod, a plurality of clamping seats are fixedly connected to the lower side of the outside of the fixing sleeve along the length direction, two ends of a notch of each C-shaped elastic support ring are respectively provided with a plug, the two plugs are symmetrically clamped in the corresponding clamping seats in a bilateral mode, two clamping mechanisms are arranged inside each clamping seat, and a positioning chip is arranged inside each clamping seat; the control system is respectively connected with each clamping mechanism and the remote monitoring system through underground communication cables, and the remote monitoring system is respectively connected with each positioning chip through GPRS or wireless signal transmission. The invention can effectively prevent hole collapse in the drilled hole, can ensure the success rate of the drilled hole in the constructed coal, and simultaneously can play a role of hole protection in gas drainage, thereby improving the gas drainage time and the gas drainage effect.)

1. The utility model provides a when tunnel is bored structure coal along with boring anti-collapse hole instrument which characterized in that: comprises a fixed sleeve, a plurality of C-shaped elastic support rings, a control system and a remote monitoring system, wherein the fixed sleeve is sleeved and fixed outside a drill rod, the drilling direction is taken as the forward direction, a drill bit is arranged at the front end of the drill rod, a plurality of clamping seats which are connected with the C-shaped elastic support rings in a one-to-one correspondence mode are fixedly connected to the lower side of the outer portion of the fixing sleeve along the length direction, each clamping seat is located on the same straight line, plug columns are arranged at two ends of a notch of each C-shaped elastic support ring, the two plug columns are symmetrically clamped in the corresponding clamping seats in a bilateral mode, two clamping mechanisms which are used for fixing and releasing the two plug columns respectively are arranged in each clamping seat, the two clamping mechanisms are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged in the bilateral mode, the C-shaped elastic support rings and the clamping seats are enclosed to form a closed circular ring sleeved outside the fixing sleeve, the outer diameter of the;

the control system is respectively connected with each clamping mechanism and the remote monitoring system through underground communication cables, and the remote monitoring system is respectively connected with each positioning chip through GPRS or wireless signal transmission.

2. The tool for preventing collapse while drilling when the structural coal is drilled in the roadway according to claim 1, wherein: threaded connection between the outside of circle and drilling rod in the one end of fixed cover, the cassette is the hollow box body structure, the upper surface of cassette is the face of cylinder with the outer circumference looks adaptation of fixed cover, both sides face upper portion edge all is equipped with the hem around the cassette, it is equipped with the gasket to press from both sides between the upper surface of hem and the outer circumference of fixed cover, the hem passes the fastening bolt fixed connection of hem and gasket through a plurality of roots with fixed cover, penetrating and corresponding card hole about the left surface and the right flank of cassette have all been seted up, inside two plugs correspond respectively and pass two card holes and insert the cassette, the draw-in groove has all been seted up to the front and back both sides of every plug, correspond around two.

3. The tool for preventing collapse while drilling when the structural coal is drilled in the roadway according to claim 2, wherein: the clamping mechanism positioned on the left side inside the clamping seat comprises two groups of front-back moving components, the two groups of front-back moving components are the same in structure and are symmetrically arranged front and back about the central line of the clamping hole, the front-back moving component comprises a servo motor, a gear, a clamping rod and two support plates, the central line of the servo motor is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the bottom of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the bottom in the clamping seat, the gear is fixedly sleeved on a power shaft of the servo motor, the clamping rod is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction, the plane of the two support plates is vertical to the clamping rod, the two support plates are arranged side by side front and back, the gear is positioned between the two support plates, the two support plates are respectively provided with a front through and back corresponding guide hole, the clamping rod penetrates through the two guide holes and is slidably supported on the two support plates, the front end of the clamping rod penetrates through the front side support plate, the upper surface of chucking pole is the rack structure, and the downside and the rack structure of gear mesh mutually, and in the rear end of chucking pole corresponds the front side draw-in groove of pegging graft left side stopper post, be equipped with a limit switch on two spinal branch boards respectively, be equipped with on the chucking pole with two limit switch complex contact piece, contact piece sets up between two spinal branch boards, control system passes through communication cable signal connection in the pit with servo motor and two limit switch respectively.

4. The tool for preventing collapse while drilling when the structural coal is drilled in the roadway according to claim 3, wherein: the centering ring used for preventing the front and back deviation of the C-shaped elastic support ring is arranged between the inner circle of the closed circular ring and the outside of the fixed sleeve, each centering ring is sleeved outside the fixed sleeve, and the middle circumference of each centering ring is fixedly connected outside the fixed sleeve through a plurality of fastening bolts.

5. The tool for preventing collapse while drilling when the structural coal is drilled in the roadway according to claim 4, wherein: a plurality of sieve meshes are uniformly arranged on the C-shaped elastic support ring.

6. The hole collapse prevention method of the collapse prevention while drilling tool for roadway construction coal according to claim 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) mounting the fixing sleeves on the corresponding drill rods, and correspondingly mounting the clamping seats, the C-shaped elastic support rings and the righting rings on the fixing sleeves;

(2) drilling holes in the coal seam, and drilling the holes to each expected position, wherein the coal seam at the expected position is constructed coal, the coal seam is soft and easy to collapse, a C-shaped elastic support ring is correspondingly released at the expected position, and the C-shaped elastic support ring expands due to the elastic action and tightly supports the inner wall of the hole at the expected position, so that the effect of supporting the hole is achieved;

(3) after all the C-shaped elastic support rings are released, the inner diameter of a drilled hole is larger than the maximum diameter of the drill bit when the C-shaped elastic support rings are supported on the inner wall of the drilled hole, the inner diameter of the C-shaped elastic support rings is also larger than the maximum diameter of the drill bit, so that the drill bit and the drill rod are withdrawn from the drilled hole, the drill bit cannot collide with the C-shaped elastic support rings, then the fixing sleeve is detached from the drill rod, the integrity of the fixing sleeve, the clamping seat and the centralizing ring is checked, and the step (1) is repeated to carry out next drilling hole support.

7. The hole collapse prevention method of the collapse prevention while drilling tool for roadway drilling of structural coal according to claim 6, wherein: the step (1) is specifically as follows: fixing a fixed sleeve on a corresponding drill rod in a sleeved mode, sleeving each centering ring on the fixed sleeve, fixing each centering ring at a corresponding position of the fixed sleeve through a plurality of fastening bolts, fixedly installing the folded edge of each clamping seat at a corresponding position of the fixed sleeve through a plurality of fastening bolts, respectively sleeving each C-shaped elastic support ring outside the fixed sleeve, enabling plug columns at two ends of each C-shaped elastic support ring to penetrate through clamping holes in the corresponding clamping seat to be inserted into the clamping seat, controlling each servo motor inside the clamping seat to rotate through a control system, driving a gear to rotate through the servo motor, driving a clamping rod to move towards the plug columns through meshing with a rack structure on the upper surface of the clamping rod through a gear rack structure, and completely inserting one end, close to the plug columns, of the clamping rod into a clamping groove on the plug columns when the clamping rod moves to a contact block on the clamping rod to be just contacted with a limit switch on a support plate close to the plug columns, this limit switch transmission signal gives control system, triggers the servo motor stall that control system control corresponds, so, the one end of four chucking poles in the cassette is inserted respectively in the draw-in groove that corresponds, and is fixed with two plugs, from connecting into sealed ring with corresponding cassette fixed connection with corresponding C type elastic support ring, in addition, the ring of rightting that corresponds is located between the outside of the interior circle of this sealed ring and fixed cover, prevents the skew of C type elastic support ring.

8. The hole collapse prevention method of the collapse prevention while drilling tool for roadway drilling of structural coal according to claim 6, wherein: the step (2) is specifically as follows: operating the drilling machine to make the drill bit drill towards the coal seam, monitoring the drilling condition in real time by a remote monitoring system according to signals emitted by positioning chips in the C-shaped elastic support rings, when the drill hole is drilled to an expected position, just positioning the corresponding C-shaped elastic support ring at the expected position, stopping drilling, controlling each servo motor in the corresponding clamping seat to rotate reversely by the control system, driving a gear to rotate reversely by the servo motor, driving a clamping rod to move away from a plug column by the gear meshed with a rack structure on the upper surface of the clamping rod, when a contact block on the clamping rod moves to just contact with a limit switch on a support plate far away from the plug column, completely drawing one end of the clamping rod close to the plug column out of a clamping groove on the plug column, transmitting a signal to the control system by the limit switch, triggering the control system to control the corresponding servo motor to stop rotating, and thus, under the elastic expansion action of the C-shaped elastic support ring, the plugs at the two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring can be popped out from the clamping holes of the corresponding clamping seat, and the C-shaped elastic support ring is separated from the clamping seat and tightly supports the inner wall of the drill hole at the expected position to support the drill hole at the expected position; then, drilling is continued to the next expected position, and the operation is repeated, and the corresponding next C-shaped elastic supporting ring is released and supports the drill hole at the next expected position until all the C-shaped elastic supporting rings are released and supported at the corresponding expected positions in the drill hole.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam gas drainage drilling support, in particular to a tool and a method for preventing hole collapse while drilling when roadway structural coal is drilled.

Background

The underground gas drainage is one of the common underground gas extraction modes at present by drilling a drainage borehole for gas drainage. The gas is drained through the drainage holes, so that the gas content in the coal bed is reduced, the gas pressure is reduced, the excavation speed is accelerated, and the outburst risk of coal and gas is obviously reduced. The coal seams in most areas of China are subjected to multi-stage tectonic movement after being formed, more or less crushed coal, minced arris coal and other tectonic coal exist in the coal seam sections, when holes are drilled in the crushed coal or the minced arris coal, the holes are easy to collapse by adopting a conventional process method, and the drilling length is limited. Even if the hole is formed, the coal seam is soft, and after the drainage is carried out for a period of time, the hole is easy to collapse, so that the drainage effect is greatly reduced, and finally the drainage gas quantity is influenced. The problem of drilling hole formation can be solved to a certain extent by adopting the method of drilling fluid mud wall protection, and the later pumping and discharging effect can be influenced because the mud wall protection forms a thin layer of protective film. The double-spiral drill rod mode is adopted to solve the slag discharge problem, and the hole collapse prevention effect is not ideal. The method for supporting the hole-protecting sieve tube by adopting high strength is to support in a drilled borehole, but the problem of hole collapse in the drilling process is not satisfied. Therefore, a tool for preventing collapse while drilling during drilling of structural coal is urgently needed to be developed, the success rate of drilling in the structural coal can be ensured, the hole protecting effect can be achieved during gas drainage, and the gas drainage time and the gas drainage effect are improved.

In order to solve the above problems, people are always seeking an ideal technical solution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tool and a method for preventing hole collapse while drilling when constructional coal is drilled in a roadway.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a hole collapse prevention tool while drilling when tunnel structural coal is drilled comprises a fixing sleeve, a plurality of C-shaped elastic support rings, a control system and a remote monitoring system, wherein the fixing sleeve is sleeved and fixed on the outer portion of a drill rod, a drill bit is arranged at the front end of the drill rod, a plurality of clamping seats which are connected with the C-shaped elastic support rings in a one-to-one correspondence mode are fixedly connected to the lower side of the outer portion of the fixing sleeve along the length direction, the clamping seats are located on the same straight line, plug columns are arranged at two ends of a notch of each C-shaped elastic support ring, the two plug columns are symmetrically clamped in the corresponding clamping seats in a bilateral mode, two clamping mechanisms which are used for fixing and releasing the two plug columns respectively are arranged in each clamping seat, the two clamping mechanisms are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged in the bilateral mode, the C-shaped elastic support rings and the clamping seats form a closed, a positioning chip is arranged in each card seat;

the control system is respectively connected with each clamping mechanism and the remote monitoring system through underground communication cables, and the remote monitoring system is respectively connected with each positioning chip through GPRS or wireless signal transmission.

Threaded connection between the outside of circle and drilling rod in the one end of fixed cover, the cassette is the hollow box body structure, the upper surface of cassette is the face of cylinder with the outer circumference looks adaptation of fixed cover, both sides face upper portion edge all is equipped with the hem around the cassette, it is equipped with the gasket to press from both sides between the upper surface of hem and the outer circumference of fixed cover, the hem passes the fastening bolt fixed connection of hem and gasket through a plurality of roots with fixed cover, penetrating and corresponding card hole about the left surface and the right flank of cassette have all been seted up, inside two plugs correspond respectively and pass two card holes and insert the cassette, the draw-in groove has all been seted up to the front and back both sides of every plug, correspond around two.

The clamping mechanism positioned on the left side inside the clamping seat comprises two groups of front-back moving components, the two groups of front-back moving components are the same in structure and are symmetrically arranged front and back about the central line of the clamping hole, the front-back moving component comprises a servo motor, a gear, a clamping rod and two support plates, the central line of the servo motor is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the bottom of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the bottom in the clamping seat, the gear is fixedly sleeved on a power shaft of the servo motor, the clamping rod is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction, the plane of the two support plates is vertical to the clamping rod, the two support plates are arranged side by side front and back, the gear is positioned between the two support plates, the two support plates are respectively provided with a front through and back corresponding guide hole, the clamping rod penetrates through the two guide holes and is slidably supported on the two support plates, the front end of the clamping rod penetrates through the front side support plate, the upper surface of chucking pole is the rack structure, and the downside and the rack structure of gear mesh mutually, and in the rear end of chucking pole corresponds the front side draw-in groove of pegging graft left side stopper post, be equipped with a limit switch on two spinal branch boards respectively, be equipped with on the chucking pole with two limit switch complex contact piece, contact piece sets up between two spinal branch boards, control system passes through communication cable signal connection in the pit with servo motor and two limit switch respectively.

The centering ring used for preventing the front and back deviation of the C-shaped elastic support ring is arranged between the inner circle of the closed circular ring and the outside of the fixed sleeve, each centering ring is sleeved outside the fixed sleeve, and the middle circumference of each centering ring is fixedly connected outside the fixed sleeve through a plurality of fastening bolts.

A plurality of sieve meshes are uniformly arranged on the C-shaped elastic support ring.

A hole collapse prevention method of a hole collapse prevention tool while drilling during tunnel structural coal drilling comprises the following steps:

(1) mounting the fixing sleeves on the corresponding drill rods, and correspondingly mounting the clamping seats, the C-shaped elastic support rings and the righting rings on the fixing sleeves;

(2) drilling holes in the coal seam, and drilling the holes to each expected position, wherein the coal seam at the expected position is constructed coal, the coal seam is soft and easy to collapse, a C-shaped elastic support ring is correspondingly released at the expected position, and the C-shaped elastic support ring expands due to the elastic action and tightly supports the inner wall of the hole at the expected position, so that the effect of supporting the hole is achieved;

(3) after all the C-shaped elastic support rings are released, the inner diameter of a drilled hole is larger than the maximum diameter of the drill bit when the C-shaped elastic support rings are supported on the inner wall of the drilled hole, the inner diameter of the C-shaped elastic support rings is also larger than the maximum diameter of the drill bit, so that the drill bit and the drill rod are withdrawn from the drilled hole, the drill bit cannot collide with the C-shaped elastic support rings, then the fixing sleeve is detached from the drill rod, the integrity of the fixing sleeve, the clamping seat and the centralizing ring is checked, and the step (1) is repeated to carry out next drilling hole support.

The step (1) is specifically as follows: fixing a fixed sleeve on a corresponding drill rod in a sleeved mode, sleeving each centering ring on the fixed sleeve, fixing each centering ring at a corresponding position of the fixed sleeve through a plurality of fastening bolts, fixedly installing the folded edge of each clamping seat at a corresponding position of the fixed sleeve through a plurality of fastening bolts, respectively sleeving each C-shaped elastic support ring outside the fixed sleeve, enabling plug columns at two ends of each C-shaped elastic support ring to penetrate through clamping holes in the corresponding clamping seat to be inserted into the clamping seat, controlling each servo motor inside the clamping seat to rotate through a control system, driving a gear to rotate through the servo motor, driving a clamping rod to move towards the plug columns through meshing with a rack structure on the upper surface of the clamping rod through a gear rack structure, and completely inserting one end, close to the plug columns, of the clamping rod into a clamping groove on the plug columns when the clamping rod moves to a contact block on the clamping rod to be just contacted with a limit switch on a support plate close to the plug columns, this limit switch transmission signal gives control system, triggers the servo motor stall that control system control corresponds, so, the one end of four chucking poles in the cassette is inserted respectively in the draw-in groove that corresponds, and is fixed with two plugs, from connecting into sealed ring with corresponding cassette fixed connection with corresponding C type elastic support ring, in addition, the ring of rightting that corresponds is located between the outside of the interior circle of this sealed ring and fixed cover, prevents the skew of C type elastic support ring.

The step (2) is specifically as follows: operating the drilling machine to make the drill bit drill towards the coal seam, monitoring the drilling condition in real time by a remote monitoring system according to signals emitted by positioning chips in the C-shaped elastic support rings, when the drill hole is drilled to an expected position, just positioning the corresponding C-shaped elastic support ring at the expected position, stopping drilling, controlling each servo motor in the corresponding clamping seat to rotate reversely by the control system, driving a gear to rotate reversely by the servo motor, driving a clamping rod to move away from a plug column by the gear meshed with a rack structure on the upper surface of the clamping rod, when a contact block on the clamping rod moves to just contact with a limit switch on a support plate far away from the plug column, completely drawing one end of the clamping rod close to the plug column out of a clamping groove on the plug column, transmitting a signal to the control system by the limit switch, triggering the control system to control the corresponding servo motor to stop rotating, and thus, under the elastic expansion action of the C-shaped elastic support ring, the plugs at the two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring can be popped out from the clamping holes of the corresponding clamping seat, and the C-shaped elastic support ring is separated from the clamping seat and tightly supports the inner wall of the drill hole at the expected position to support the drill hole at the expected position; then, drilling is continued to the next expected position, and the operation is repeated, and the corresponding next C-shaped elastic supporting ring is released and supports the drill hole at the next expected position until all the C-shaped elastic supporting rings are released and supported at the corresponding expected positions in the drill hole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, in particular, the invention uses a fixed sleeve to be sleeved and fixed on a drill rod, a plurality of clamping seats are fixedly arranged on the fixed sleeve, a C-shaped elastic support ring sleeved outside the fixed sleeve is clamped and fixed corresponding to each clamping seat, two clamping mechanisms are arranged inside each clamping seat and used for fixing and releasing plug columns at two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring inserted into the clamping seats, a positioning chip is arranged inside each clamping seat, a remote monitoring system is respectively connected with each positioning chip through GPRS or wireless signal transmission, a control system is respectively connected with a servo motor and a limit switch of each clamping mechanism through a downhole communication cable, the fixed sleeve and each C-shaped elastic support ring are arranged before drilling, the C-shaped elastic support ring and the clamping seats are encircled to form a closed circular ring outside the fixed sleeve, the outer diameter of the closed circular ring is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the drill bit, so that the fixed sleeve drills along with the drill rod in the drilling process, each C-shaped elastic support ring also drills along with the fixed sleeve, the remote monitoring system can monitor the drilling condition in real time according to signals of each positioning chip, when the drill hole drills to each expected position, the coal seam at the expected position is constructed coal, the coal seam is soft and easy to collapse, the corresponding C-shaped elastic support ring is just positioned at the expected position, the drilling is stopped, the control system controls the two clamping mechanisms in the clamping seat at the expected position to enable the servo motors of the two clamping mechanisms to rotate in opposite directions, each clamping rod is drawn out from the clamping grooves of the plugs at the two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring, the C-shaped elastic support ring is released, and the plugs at the two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring can pop out from the clamping holes of the corresponding clamping seat due to the elastic expansion effect of the C, after the C-shaped elastic support ring is separated from the clamping seat, the inner wall of the drill hole at the expected position is tightly supported, and the drill hole at the expected position is supported, so that the hole collapse phenomenon in the drill hole can be effectively prevented, the success rate of the drill hole in the constructed coal can be ensured, meanwhile, the function of protecting the hole during gas drainage can be realized, and the gas drainage time and the gas drainage effect can be improved; a plurality of sieve meshes are uniformly formed in the C-shaped elastic support ring and are mainly used for coal seam gas extraction at the supporting position of the C-shaped elastic support ring.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention when installed on a drill pipe.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the C-shaped elastic support ring and the clamping seat of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a left side view of the C-shaped elastic support ring of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the clamping mechanism inside the clamping seat and the plug of the C-shaped elastic support ring.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the forward-backward moving assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-7, a tool for preventing hole collapse while drilling when drilling structural coal in a roadway comprises a fixing sleeve 1, a plurality of C-shaped elastic support rings 2, a control system 3 and a remote monitoring system 4, wherein the fixing sleeve 1 is sleeved and fixed outside a drill rod 5, the drilling direction is the forward direction, a drill bit 6 is arranged at the front end of the drill rod 5, a plurality of clamping seats 7 which are connected with the C-shaped elastic support rings 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner are fixedly connected to the lower side of the outside of the fixing sleeve 1 along the length direction, each clamping seat 7 is positioned on the same straight line, plug columns 8 are arranged at two ends of a gap of each C-shaped elastic support ring 2, the two plug columns 8 are symmetrically clamped in the corresponding clamping seats 7, two clamping mechanisms which are respectively used for fixing and releasing the two plug columns 8 are arranged inside each clamping seat 7, the two clamping mechanisms have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, the, the outer diameter of the closed circular ring is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the drill bit 6, and a positioning chip 9 is arranged inside each clamping seat 7;

the control system 3 is respectively connected with each clamping mechanism and the remote monitoring system 4 through an underground communication cable 10, and the remote monitoring system 4 is respectively connected with each positioning chip 9 through GPRS or wireless signal transmission.

Threaded connection between the inside circle of one end of fixed cover 1 and the outside of drilling rod 5, cassette 7 is the cavity box body structure, the upper surface of cassette 7 is the face of cylinder with the outer circumference looks adaptation of fixed cover 1, both sides face upper portion edge all is equipped with hem 11 around cassette 7, it is equipped with gasket 12 to press from both sides between the upper surface of hem 11 and the outer circumference of fixed cover 1, hem 11 passes hem 11 and gasket 12's fastening bolt 13 fixed connection through a plurality of roots with fixed cover 1, penetrating and the card hole that corresponds about the left surface of cassette 7 and right flank have all been seted up, two plugs 8 correspond respectively and pass two card holes and insert inside cassette 7, draw-in groove 14 has all been seted up to both sides around every plug 8, two draw-in grooves 14 correspond from beginning to end. The card hole is not shown in the figure.

The clamping mechanism positioned on the left side inside the clamping seat 7 comprises two groups of front-back moving components, the two groups of front-back moving components are the same in structure and are symmetrically arranged front and back relative to the center line of the clamping hole, the front-back moving component comprises a servo motor 15, a gear 16, a clamping rod 17 and two support plates 18, the center line of the servo motor 15 is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the bottom of the servo motor 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom in the clamping seat 7, the gear 16 is fixedly sleeved on a power shaft of the servo motor 15, the clamping rod 17 is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction, the plane of the two support plates 18 is vertical to the clamping rod 17, the two support plates 18 are arranged side by side front and back, the gear 16 is positioned between the two support plates 18, front and back through and corresponding guide holes are respectively formed in the two support plates 18, the clamping rod 17 passes through the two guide holes and is slidably supported on the two support plates, the rear end of chucking rod 17 passes rear side extension board 18 and is located the rear side of rear side extension board 18, the upper surface of chucking rod 17 is rack structure 19, the downside and the rack structure 19 of gear 16 mesh mutually, the rear end of chucking rod 17 corresponds in the front side draw-in groove 14 of pegging graft left side stopper 8, be equipped with a limit switch 20 on two extension boards 18 respectively, be equipped with on chucking rod 17 with two limit switch 20 complex contact piece 21, contact piece 21 sets up between two extension boards 18, control system 3 passes through communication cable 10 signal connection in the pit with servo motor 15 and two limit switch 20 respectively.

A righting ring 22 for preventing the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 from shifting forwards and backwards is arranged between the inner circle of the closed circular ring and the outside of the fixed sleeve 1, each righting ring 22 is sleeved outside the fixed sleeve 1, and the middle circumference of each righting ring 22 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed sleeve 1 through a plurality of fastening bolts 13.

A plurality of sieve holes 23 are uniformly arranged on the C-shaped elastic support ring 2. The arrangement of the sieve holes 23 is beneficial to the extraction of coal seam gas supported by the C-shaped elastic support ring 2.

The control system 3 uses a programmable automation controller and does not involve a new computer program. The positioning chip 9, the servo motor 15, the limit switch 20, the contact block 21 and the righting ring 22 are all the existing mature technologies and can be purchased in the market, and the specific structure and the working principle are not described in detail.

A hole collapse prevention method of a hole collapse prevention tool while drilling during tunnel structural coal drilling comprises the following steps:

(1) the fixing sleeve 1 is arranged on the corresponding drill rod 5, and each clamping seat 7, each C-shaped elastic support ring 2 and each righting ring 22 are correspondingly arranged on the fixing sleeve 1;

(2) drilling holes in the coal seam, and drilling the holes to each expected position, wherein the coal seam at the expected position is constructed coal, the coal seam is soft and easy to collapse, one C-shaped elastic support ring 2 is correspondingly released at the expected position, and the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 expands due to the elastic action to tightly support the inner wall of the hole at the expected position, so that the effect of supporting the holes is achieved;

(3) after all the C-shaped elastic support rings 2 are released, because the inner diameter of a drilled hole is larger than the maximum diameter of the drill bit 6 during drilling, when the C-shaped elastic support rings 2 are supported on the inner wall of the drilled hole, the inner diameter of the C-shaped elastic support rings 2 is also larger than the maximum diameter of the drill bit 6, so that the drill bit 6 and the drill rod 5 are withdrawn from the drilled hole, the drill bit 6 cannot collide with the C-shaped elastic support rings 2, then the fixed sleeve 1 is detached from the drill rod 5, the integrity of the fixed sleeve 1, the clamping seat 7 and the centralizing ring 22 is checked, and the step (1) is repeated to carry out next drilling hole support.

The step (1) is specifically as follows: fixing the fixing sleeve 1 on the corresponding drill rod 5 in a sleeving manner, sleeving each righting ring 22 on the fixing sleeve 1, fixing each righting ring 22 at the corresponding position of the fixing sleeve 1 through a plurality of fastening bolts 13, then fixedly installing the folded edge 11 of each clamping seat 7 at the corresponding position of the fixing sleeve 1 through a plurality of fastening bolts 13, then respectively sleeving each C-shaped elastic support ring 2 outside the fixing sleeve 1, so that the plugs 8 at two ends of each C-shaped elastic support ring 2 penetrate through the clamping holes on the corresponding clamping seats 7 to be inserted into the clamping seats 7, controlling each servo motor 15 inside each clamping seat 7 to rotate by the control system 3, driving the gear 16 to rotate by the servo motor 15, driving the clamping rod 17 to move towards the plugs 8 by meshing with the rack structure 19 on the upper surface of the clamping rod 17 through the gear 16, and when the clamping rod 17 moves to a contact block 21 on the clamping rod 17 to be just contacted with a limit switch 20 on a support plate 18 close to the plugs 8, inside the draw-in groove 14 on the cock stem 8 was inserted completely to the one end that chucking pole 17 was close to cock stem 8, this limit switch 20 transmission signal gives control system 3, trigger control system 3 control corresponding servo motor 15 stall, thus, the one end of four chucking poles 17 in the cassette 7 is inserted respectively in the draw-in groove 14 that corresponds, it is fixed with two cock stems 8, from the C type elastic support ring 2 that will correspond and corresponding cassette 7 fixed connection become closed ring, moreover, a corresponding one is right ring 22 and is located between the outside of the interior circle of this closed ring and fixed cover 1, prevent the skew of C type elastic support ring 2.

The step (2) is specifically as follows: the drilling machine is operated to enable the drill bit 6 to drill towards the coal seam, the remote monitoring system 4 monitors the drilling condition in real time according to signals transmitted by the positioning chips 9 in the C-shaped elastic support rings 2, when the drilling hole is drilled to a desired position, the corresponding C-shaped elastic support ring 2 is just positioned at the desired position, the drilling is stopped, the control system 3 controls each servo motor 15 corresponding to the inside of the clamping seat 7 to rotate reversely, the servo motor 15 drives the gear 16 to rotate reversely, the gear 16 drives the clamping rod 17 to move away from the plug column 8 through being meshed with the rack structure 19 on the upper surface of the clamping rod 17, when the clamping rod 17 moves until the contact block 21 on the clamping rod 17 just contacts with the limit switch 20 on the support plate 18 far away from the plug column 8, one end, close to the plug column 8, of the clamping rod 17 is completely drawn out of the clamping groove 14 on the plug column 8, and the limit switch 20, the trigger control system 3 controls the corresponding servo motor 15 to stop rotating, so that under the elastic expansion action of the C-shaped elastic support ring 2, the plugs 8 at two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 can be popped out from the clamping holes corresponding to the clamping seats 7, and the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 is separated from the clamping seats 7 and then supports the inner wall of the drill hole at the expected position to support the drill hole at the expected position; then, the drilling is continued to the next expected position, and the operation is repeated, and the corresponding next C-shaped elastic supporting ring 2 is released and supports the drill hole at the next expected position until all the C-shaped elastic supporting rings 2 are released and supported at the corresponding expected positions in the drill hole.

The invention uses a fixed sleeve 1 to be sleeved and fixed on a drill rod 5, a plurality of clamping seats 7 are fixedly arranged on the fixed sleeve 1, a C-shaped elastic support ring 2 sleeved outside the fixed sleeve 1 is clamped and fixed corresponding to each clamping seat 7, two clamping mechanisms are arranged inside each clamping seat 7 and are used for fixing and releasing plug columns 8 at two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 inserted into the clamping seats 7, a positioning chip 9 is arranged inside each clamping seat 7, a remote monitoring system 4 is respectively connected with each positioning chip 9 through GPRS or wireless signal transmission, a control system 3 is respectively connected with a servo motor 15 and a limit switch 20 of each clamping mechanism through an underground communication cable 10, the fixed sleeve 1 and each C-shaped elastic support ring 2 are installed before drilling, the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 and the clamping seats 7 enclose a closed circular ring sleeved outside the fixed sleeve 1, the outer diameter of the closed circular ring is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the drill bit 6, therefore, in the drilling process, the fixed sleeve 1 drills along with the drill rod 5, each C-shaped elastic support ring 2 also drills along with the fixed sleeve 1, the remote monitoring system 4 can monitor the drilling condition in real time according to signals of each positioning chip 9, when the drill hole drills to each expected position, the coal seam at the expected position is constructed coal, the coal seam is soft and easy to collapse, the drilling is stopped corresponding to the position where one C-shaped elastic support ring 2 is just located, the control system 3 controls two clamping mechanisms in the clamping seat 7 at the expected position, the servo motors 15 of the two clamping mechanisms rotate reversely, each clamping rod 17 is drawn out from the clamping groove 14 of the plug 8 at the two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring 2, the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 is released, and due to the elastic expansion effect of the C-shaped elastic support ring 2, the plugs 8 at the two ends of the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 can be popped out from the clamping holes corresponding to the clamping seats 7, and the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 is separated from the clamping seats 7 and then supports the inner wall of the drill hole at the expected position to support the drill hole at the expected position, so that the hole collapse phenomenon in the drill hole can be effectively prevented, the success rate of the drill hole in the construction coal can be ensured, meanwhile, the hole protection effect can be realized during gas drainage, and the gas drainage time and the gas drainage effect can be improved; a plurality of sieve holes 23 are uniformly formed in the C-shaped elastic support ring 2 and are mainly used for coal seam gas extraction at the supporting position of the C-shaped elastic support ring 2.

The above embodiments are merely to illustrate rather than to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that; modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.