阅读说明：本技术 一种节能建筑用轻质水泥保温板及制备方法 (Light cement insulation board for energy-saving building and preparation method ) 是由 陈庆 昝航 于 2019-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种节能建筑用轻质水泥保温板及制备方法,所述水泥保温板是先将EPS发泡颗粒经偶联剂处理,然后浸润氢氧化钙饱和液,接着通入碳酸盐溶液,得到碳酸钙包覆改性的EPS发泡颗粒,再将改性EPS发泡颗粒与水、早强剂、减水剂、分散剂、聚合物乳液、硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰、纤维搅拌均匀后倒入模板,接着经养护、脱模而制得。本发明提供的制备方法,通过在EPS发泡颗粒表面原位生成无机的包覆层,进一步形成聚合物包覆层,赋予EPS发泡颗粒易分散、易湿润等特点,提高了EPS发泡颗粒与水泥胶凝材料的粘结能力,极大改善了均匀性,制得的发泡水泥保温板具有密度小、导热系数低和抗压强度高等优点。(The invention provides a light cement insulation board for an energy-saving building and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the inorganic coating layer is generated in situ on the surface of the EPS foaming particles, so that the polymer coating layer is further formed, the EPS foaming particles are endowed with the characteristics of easiness in dispersion, easiness in wetting and the like, the bonding capability of the EPS foaming particles and a cement cementing material is improved, the uniformity is greatly improved, and the prepared foaming cement insulation board has the advantages of small density, low heat conductivity coefficient, high compressive strength and the like.)

1. the lightweight cement insulation board for the energy-saving building is characterized in that EPS foaming particles are firstly treated by a coupling agent, then soaked in a calcium hydroxide saturated solution, and then subjected to carbonate solution to obtain calcium carbonate coated modified EPS foaming particles, and then the modified EPS foaming particles are uniformly stirred with water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent, a dispersing agent, a polymer emulsion, Portland cement, fly ash and fibers, poured into a template, and then subjected to curing and demolding to obtain the lightweight cement insulation board.

2. The lightweight cement insulation board for energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is one or a combination of two or more of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560, silane coupling agent KH570, silane coupling agent KH792 and silane coupling agent DL602, the early strength agent is one or a combination of two or more of calcium chloride, sodium chloride and aluminum chloride, the water reducing agent is one or a combination of two or more of naphthalene-based superplasticizer, aliphatic superplasticizer, amino superplasticizer and polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the dispersing agent is one or a combination of two or more of lignin-based dispersing agent, polyol-based dispersing agent, glucose-based dispersing agent and polycarboxylic acid-based dispersing agent.

3. The energy-saving light cement heat-insulation board for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the carbonate solution is an ammonium carbonate solution with a mass concentration of 20%.

4. The light cement insulation board for the energy-saving building as recited in claim 1, wherein the polymer emulsion is an acrylic emulsion with a mass concentration of 10%.

5. The lightweight cement insulation board for energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, wherein the fiber is one or a combination of polypropylene fiber and wood fiber.

6. The preparation method of the light cement insulation board for the energy-saving building as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the specific preparation method is as follows:

(1) fully mixing and stirring EPS (expandable polystyrene) foam particles with the particle size of 1-5mm and a coupling agent to completely wet the surfaces of the EPS foam particles, fishing out the EPS foam particles, adding the EPS foam particles into a reaction kettle, mixing the EPS foam particles with a calcium hydroxide saturated solution, pressurizing the reaction kettle to 1-2MPa to fully wet the surfaces of the EPS foam particles by the calcium hydroxide saturated solution, maintaining the pressure for 30-50min, stopping pressurizing, fishing out the EPS foam particles, passing through a carbonate solution to convert calcium hydroxide on the surfaces of the EPS foam particles into calcium carbonate coated on the surfaces of the foam particles, and discharging to obtain modified EPS foam particles;

(2) firstly, mixing and stirring water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent, a dispersing agent and polymer emulsion uniformly, then adding portland cement, fly ash and fibers, fully stirring to form uniform slurry, then adding modified EPS foaming particles, stirring uniformly at a low speed, pouring into a template, and then curing and demolding to obtain the lightweight cement insulation board for the energy-saving building.

7. The preparation method of the light cement insulation board for the energy-saving building according to claim 6 is characterized in that in the preparation of the cement insulation board in the step (2), the mass ratio of water, the early strength agent, the water reducing agent, the dispersing agent, the polymer emulsion, the portland cement, the fly ash, the fiber and the modified EPS foaming particles is 100:1-1.5:0.8-2:1-2:3-5:90-110:20-30:5-10: 15-25.

8. The preparation method of the light cement insulation board for the energy-saving building according to claim 6, wherein the rotation speed of the low-speed stirring in the step (2) is 10-20rpm, and the stirring is performed for 2-4 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building heat insulation materials, in particular to a light cement heat insulation plate for an energy-saving building and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The foamed cement heat-insulating board is an inorganic heat-insulating material which is produced by a plurality of inorganic cementing materials, additives such as a modifier and a foaming agent through equipment such as a stirring system, a maintenance system, a cutting system and the like, has low heat conductivity, good heat-insulating property, high temperature resistance, aging resistance and A1-grade non-combustibility, and can be widely applied to a building outer wall heat-insulating system. The foaming cement heat-insulating board is the most ideal heat-insulating material for the existing wall heat-insulating and wall heat-insulating fireproof isolation belts, and has the advantages that: low heat conductivity coefficient, good heat preservation effect, no combustion, water resistance, strong bonding force with the wall body, high strength, no toxic and harmful radioactive substances and environmental protection.

Among foamed cement insulation boards, expandable polystyrene resin (EPS) lightweight aggregate concrete has attracted attention as a novel wall material. EPS is mainly classified into general type, high power type and flame retardancy. The foamed plastic product can be prepared by pre-foaming, curing and molding, has the advantages of light weight, low cost, low thermal conductivity, small water absorption, good electrical insulation, sound insulation, moisture resistance, simple molding process and the like, and can be widely used for packaging, heat preservation, heat insulation, building decoration and other aspects.

When the EPS foaming particles are used as light aggregate to prepare a concrete light heat-insulating material, the EPS particles are easy to float upwards in the preparation process because the density of the EPS particles is too low and the surface property difference with an inorganic cementing material is large, and the EPS particles are difficult to disperse uniformly in a system, so that the performance of the material is influenced. Therefore, the EPS foaming cement insulation board is improved by modifying the EPS foaming particles, and the EPS foaming cement insulation board is paid extensive attention.

According to literature reports, inorganic substances such as ultrafine silica fume and the like are directly added in the mixing process of key technology for preparing EPS light aggregate concrete and research progress thereof (concrete, 2009, 8: 59-62) of Zhao Xiaoyan and the like to improve the compactness of slurry after hardening and improve the interfacial adhesion between EPS particles and cement slurry, but the surface of the EPS particles is still hydrophobic and has poor effect. There is also a research on the improvement of the interfacial bonding property of polystyrene light aggregate concrete multiphase composite material (proceedings of the building engineering academy of Hebei, 2005.23 (1): 54-57) by Cistanchis, etc. it is proposed that the EPS particles are modified by PVA emulsion to change the surface of EPS particles from hydrophobic to hydrophilic so as to improve the bonding property with mortar, but the workability cannot be improved well due to the small volume weight of the particles.

In order to reduce the difference between the EPS foaming particles and the inorganic cementing material in the cement insulation board and improve the surface wettability of the EPS foaming particles, a novel cement insulation board containing modified EPS foaming particles is necessary to be provided, so that the density and the heat conductivity coefficient of the EPS cement insulation board are reduced, and the mechanical properties such as compressive strength are improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects that the density of EPS particles is too low, the surface property difference with an inorganic cementing material is large, the dispersion is not uniform and the compressive strength is influenced when the concrete light heat-insulating material is prepared at present, the invention provides the light cement heat-insulating plate for the energy-saving building and the preparation method thereof, so that the prepared foamed cement heat-insulating plate has the advantages of good uniformity, small density, low heat conductivity coefficient, high compressive strength and the like.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the lightweight cement insulation board for the energy-saving building is prepared by treating EPS foaming particles by a coupling agent, then infiltrating a calcium hydroxide saturated solution, then passing a carbonate solution to obtain calcium carbonate coated modified EPS foaming particles, uniformly stirring the modified EPS foaming particles, water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent, a dispersing agent, a polymer emulsion, Portland cement, fly ash and fibers, then pouring the mixture into a template, and then curing and demolding.

Preferably, the coupling agent is one or the combination of more than two of a silane coupling agent KH550, a silane coupling agent KH560, a silane coupling agent KH570, a silane coupling agent KH792 and a silane coupling agent DL 602;

preferably, the early strength agent is one or a combination of more than two of calcium chloride, sodium chloride and aluminum chloride;

preferably, the water reducing agent is one or a combination of more than two of a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent, an aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent, an amino high-efficiency water reducing agent and a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent;

preferably, the dispersant is one or a combination of two or more of a lignin dispersant, a polyol dispersant, a glucose dispersant and a polycarboxylic acid dispersant.

Preferably, the carbonate solution is an ammonium carbonate solution with a mass concentration of 20.

Preferably, the polymer emulsion is an acrylic emulsion with a mass concentration of 10%.

Preferably, the fibers are polypropylene fibers, wood fibers or a combination of the two.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the light cement insulation board for the energy-saving building, which comprises the following steps:

(1) fully mixing and stirring EPS (expandable polystyrene) foam particles with the particle size of 1-5mm and a coupling agent to completely wet the surfaces of the EPS foam particles, fishing out the EPS foam particles, adding the EPS foam particles into a reaction kettle, mixing the EPS foam particles with a calcium hydroxide saturated solution, pressurizing the reaction kettle to 1-2MPa to fully wet the surfaces of the EPS foam particles by the calcium hydroxide saturated solution, maintaining the pressure for 30-50min, stopping pressurizing, passing through a carbonate solution to convert calcium hydroxide on the surfaces of the EPS foam particles into calcium carbonate coated on the surfaces of the foam particles, and discharging to obtain modified EPS foam particles;

(2) firstly, mixing and stirring water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent, a dispersing agent and polymer emulsion uniformly, then adding portland cement, fly ash and fibers, fully stirring to form uniform slurry, then adding modified EPS foaming particles, stirring uniformly at a low speed, pouring into a template, and then curing and demolding to obtain the lightweight cement insulation board for the energy-saving building.

Preferably, in the step (2), in the preparation of the cement insulation board, the mass ratio of water, the early strength agent, the water reducing agent, the dispersing agent, the polymer emulsion, the portland cement, the fly ash, the fiber and the modified EPS foaming particles is 100:1-1.5:0.8-2:1-2:3-5:90-110:20-30:5-10: 15-25.

Preferably, the rotation speed of the low-speed stirring in the step (2) is 10-20rpm, and the stirring is carried out for 2-4 min.

The interface performance of the EPS foaming particles is improved by performing infiltration treatment on the surfaces of the EPS foaming particles by using a coupling agent, then a calcium hydroxide saturated solution is better coated on the surfaces of the EPS foaming particles treated by the coupling agent by pressurizing, and then the EPS foaming particles react with a carbonate solution to generate an inorganic coating layer on the surfaces of the EPS foaming particles in situ, and the obtained calcium carbonate coating layer increases the compatibility and dispersibility of the EPS foaming particles and cement.

Furthermore, the modified EPS foaming particles are added into the cement insulation board slurry containing the polymer emulsion, the polymer emulsion is further coated on the surfaces of the modified EPS foaming particles, the interface performance of the EPS particles and cement is further obviously improved, the inorganic modified EPS foaming particles are subjected to hydrophilic modification, the problem that the affinity of a cementing material and the EPS particles is not enough is solved, the bonding capacity between the EPS particles and the cement cementing material is improved, the cohesiveness and the workability of the slurry are further obviously improved, and the uniform EPS aggregate cement insulation board is obtained.

When the existing EPS aggregate cement heat-insulating material is used, the defects of undersize EPS particle density, larger surface property difference with an inorganic cementing material, uneven dispersion and influence on compressive strength exist, and the application of the EPS aggregate cement heat-insulating material is limited. In view of the above, the invention provides a light cement insulation board for an energy-saving building and a preparation method thereof, wherein EPS foaming particles and a coupling agent are selected to be mixed and stirred, the surface of the EPS foaming particles is fished out after being completely wetted, the EPS foaming particles are added into a reaction kettle to be mixed with a calcium hydroxide saturated solution, the calcium hydroxide saturated solution is pressurized to fully wet the surface of the EPS foaming particles, then the pressurization is stopped, and a carbonate solution is passed to convert calcium hydroxide into calcium carbonate coated on the surface of the foaming particles, so that modified EPS foaming particles are obtained; mixing and stirring water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent, a dispersing agent and polymer emulsion, adding portland cement, fly ash and fibers, stirring to form uniform slurry, adding the prepared modified EPS foaming particles, mixing, stirring uniformly at a low speed, pouring into a template, curing and demolding to obtain the cement insulation board with uniform foam pores. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the inorganic coating layer is generated in situ on the surface of the EPS foaming particles, so that the polymer coating layer is further formed, the EPS foaming particles are endowed with the characteristics of easiness in dispersion, easiness in wetting and the like, the bonding capability of the EPS foaming particles and a cement cementing material is improved, the uniformity is greatly improved, and the prepared foaming cement insulation board has the advantages of small density, low heat conductivity coefficient, high compressive strength and the like.

The invention provides a light cement insulation board for an energy-saving building and a preparation method thereof, compared with the prior art, the light cement insulation board has the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects that:

1. according to the invention, the inorganic coating is generated on the surface of the EPS foaming particles in situ, and the calcium carbonate coating improves the dispersibility and the associativity of the EPS foaming particles and the inorganic cementing material.

2. According to the invention, the polymer coating layer is formed on the surface of the modified EPS particles through the polymer emulsion, so that the hydrophilicity is improved, and the EPS foaming particles are endowed with the characteristics of easy dispersion, easy wetting and the like, so that the bonding capability between the EPS foaming particles and a cement binding material is improved, and the uniformity is greatly improved.

3. The preparation method is simple, and the prepared foamed cement insulation board has the advantages of low density, low heat conductivity coefficient, high compressive strength and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1: photo of the distribution of foam particles in the insulation board obtained in example 1.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.