阅读说明：本技术 一种防止生物质燃料结焦的气化装置及其方法 (Gasification device and method for preventing biomass fuel from coking ) 是由 张贵杰 李海英 王凯 刘亚利 朱宏伟 刘慧敏 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及生物质气化技术领域,尤其涉及一种防止生物质燃料结焦的气化装置及其方法。该气化装置包括炉体,所述炉体的顶部设置有用于供给生物质燃料的进料口,底部设置有用于供给气化剂的进气口,所述炉体内设置有：中心管,所述中心管的一端设置于所述炉体的上部,另一端设置于所述炉体的下部,生物质燃料气化产生的可燃气体经由所述中心管排出所述炉体；导流件,生物质燃料能沿所述导流件由上至下流动。本发明提供的气化装置通过在炉体内设置导流件,一方面可以使生物质燃料更加顺畅地向下流动,另一方面也可以使下部热量沿导流件向上传递,进而使得更多的下部热量向上传递,从而可进一步防止生物质燃料结焦。(The application relates to the technical field of biomass gasification, in particular to a gasification device and a method for preventing biomass fuel from coking. This gasification equipment includes the furnace body, the top of furnace body is provided with the feed inlet that is used for supplying with biomass fuel, and the bottom is provided with the air inlet that is used for supplying with the gasification agent, be provided with in the furnace body: one end of the central tube is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body, the other end of the central tube is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and combustible gas generated by gasification of biomass fuel is discharged out of the furnace body through the central tube; the biomass fuel can follow the diversion piece flows from top to bottom. According to the gasification device provided by the invention, the flow guide piece is arranged in the furnace body, so that the biomass fuel can flow downwards more smoothly, and the lower heat can be transferred upwards along the flow guide piece, so that more lower heat is transferred upwards, and the coking of the biomass fuel can be further prevented.)

1. The utility model provides a prevent gasification equipment of biomass fuel coking, includes furnace body (100), the top of furnace body (100) is provided with feed inlet (1) that is used for supplying biomass fuel (5), and the bottom is provided with air inlet (2) that are used for supplying with the gasifying agent, its characterized in that is provided with in furnace body (100):

one end of the central pipe (3) is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body (100), the other end of the central pipe (3) is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body (100), and combustible gas generated by gasifying the biomass fuel (5) is discharged out of the furnace body (100) through the central pipe (3);

the biomass fuel flow guide device comprises a flow guide part (4), and biomass fuel (5) can flow along the flow guide part (4) from top to bottom.

2. A gasification unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow guide (4) is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (100).

3. A gasification unit according to claim 1, wherein the flow guide (4) is arranged continuously and spirally from top to bottom.

4. A gasification apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the flow guide (4) has a plurality of first spiral segments (41) arranged towards a first direction (F1) and second spiral segments (42) arranged towards a second direction (F2), the first direction (F1) and the second direction (F2) being different.

5. A gasification device according to claim 1, wherein the flow guide (4) is provided with a plurality of first through holes (43).

6. A gasification unit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the flow guide (4) is made of a material comprising metal.

7. A gasification unit according to any one of claims 1-5 wherein the central pipe (3) comprises:

a first central pipe (31), wherein the first central pipe (31) is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body (100);

one end of the second central pipe (32) is communicated with the first central pipe (31), the other end of the second central pipe (32) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (100), and a plurality of second through holes (321) are formed in the whole body of the second central pipe (32).

8. The gasification device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the biomass fuel (5) is cold-pressed and heat transfer medium balls (6) are arranged in the biomass fuel (5).

9. A gasification unit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the lower part of the furnace body (100) is further provided with a discharge assembly (7), which discharge assembly (7) is located at the lower end of the central tube (3) and the flow guide (4).

10. A gasification method for preventing coking of biomass fuel, which is applied to the gasification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of biomass gasification, in particular to a gasification device and a method for preventing biomass fuel from coking.

Background

Coal is used as a main energy source in China and is widely applied to the traditional industries such as steel, electric power, chemical industry and the like. However, due to the shortage of resources and the increasing restriction of environmental pollution, the development of coal substitutes is not slow. The biomass energy is widely used as renewable energy in China because of the characteristics of renewability, wide distribution, simple and convenient processing and low price.

Because the energy flow density of the biomass is lower than that of coal, and the biomass contains a large amount of volatile components, tar is easily generated in a pyrolysis section (namely, in a dry distillation layer, the reaction temperature is about 300-600 ℃) in the gasification process, and the main reason for the tar formation is as follows: the temperature of the pyrolysis stage is not high enough (usually the tar yield is highest at a reaction temperature of 500 ℃).

Therefore, there is a need for a new gasification device and method for preventing coking of biomass fuel to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a gasification device and a method for preventing biomass fuel from coking, so that more lower heat is transferred upwards, and the biomass fuel can be further prevented from coking.

The first aspect of this application provides a gasification equipment who prevents biomass fuel coking, including the furnace body, the top of furnace body is provided with the feed inlet that is used for supplying with biomass fuel, and the bottom is provided with the air inlet that is used for supplying with the gasification agent, be provided with in the furnace body:

one end of the central tube is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body, the other end of the central tube is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and combustible gas generated by gasification of biomass fuel is discharged out of the furnace body through the central tube;

the biomass fuel can follow the diversion piece flows from top to bottom.

Optionally, the flow guide member is disposed on an inner wall of the furnace body.

Optionally, the flow guide member is arranged continuously and spirally from top to bottom.

Optionally, the flow guide member has a plurality of first spiral sections arranged toward a first direction and second spiral sections arranged toward a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different.

Optionally, the flow guide is provided with a plurality of first through holes.

Optionally, the flow guide is made of a material comprising metal.

Optionally, the central tube comprises:

the first central pipe is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body;

one end of the second central pipe is communicated with the first central pipe, the other end of the second central pipe is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and a plurality of second through holes are formed in the whole body of the second central pipe.

Optionally, the biomass fuel is formed by cold pressing, and heat-conducting medium balls are arranged in the biomass fuel.

Optionally, the lower part of the furnace body is further provided with a discharging assembly, and the discharging assembly is located at the lower ends of the central pipe and the flow guide piece.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a gasification method for preventing biomass fuel from coking, which is applied to the gasification device as described above.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, beneficial effect is:

according to the gasification device provided by the invention, the flow guide piece is arranged in the furnace body, so that the biomass fuel can flow downwards more smoothly, and the lower heat can be transferred upwards along the flow guide piece, so that more lower heat is transferred upwards, and the coking of the biomass fuel can be further prevented.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gasification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a flow guide member according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a flow guide member according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the discharge assembly of FIG. 1;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the spherical mixing of the biomass fuel and the heat-conducting medium provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

100-furnace body;

1-a feed inlet;

2-an air inlet;

21-a grate;

3-a central tube;

31-a first central tube;

32-a second center tube;

321-a second via;

33-air outlet;

4-a flow guide part;

41-a first helical section;

42-a second helical section;

43-a first via;

5-biomass fuel;

6-heat conducting medium ball;

7-a discharge assembly;

71-a rotating shaft;

72-a baffle;

f1 — first direction;

f2-second direction.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" as used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention are used in the angle shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gasification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a flow guide member according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a flow guide member according to still another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a top view of the discharge assembly of FIG. 1; fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the spherical mixing of the biomass fuel and the heat-conducting medium provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a gasification apparatus for preventing biomass fuel from coking according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a furnace body 100, a feed inlet 1 for supplying biomass fuel 5 (see fig. 7) is disposed at a top of the furnace body 100, and an air inlet 2 for supplying a gasifying agent is disposed at a bottom of the furnace body. Wherein, the biomass fuel 5 can be agricultural and forestry waste, such as straw, sawdust, bagasse, rice chaff and the like, and can also be semi coke; the gasification agent is a mixed gas of air and steam, the biomass fuel 5 is added from the feed inlet 1, moves downwards (namely a moving bed) along with the operation of the gasification device, and is heated by high-temperature (the temperature is approximately 1000-1200 ℃) gas of a furnace bottom oxidation layer while meeting with the gasification agent entering from a furnace bottom grate 21 (the furnace grate 21 is communicated with the air inlet 2) in a counter-current manner, so that physical and chemical reactions are generated, and further, crude coal gas is generated, and the crude coal gas can be directly used for combustion equipment after being subjected to crude dust removal.

A central tube 3 is arranged in the furnace body 100, one end of the central tube 3 is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body 100, the other end of the central tube 3 is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body 100, and the combustible gas generated by the gasification of the biomass fuel 5 is discharged out of the furnace body 100 through the central tube 3. The central tube 3 is used for collecting the lower-section high-temperature coal gas generated by the oxidation layer, and preferably, the central tube 3 is arranged at the central part of the furnace body 3. The central tube 3 is arranged at the central part of the furnace body 3, so that the lower section of high-temperature coal gas collected in the central tube 3 can dry and distill the biomass fuel 5 around the central tube 3 in the process of conveying the high-temperature coal gas; moreover, the central tube 3 is heat-radiated from the center to the periphery, so that the uneven heating of the biomass fuel 5 can be avoided, and the utilization rate of the biomass fuel 5 can be improved.

The furnace body 100 is also provided with a flow guide part 4, and the biomass fuel 5 can flow from top to bottom along the flow guide part 4. According to the gasification device provided by the invention, the flow guide piece 4 is arranged in the furnace body 100, so that the biomass fuel 5 can flow downwards more smoothly, and the lower heat can be transferred upwards along the flow guide piece 4, so that more lower heat can be transferred upwards, and the coking of the biomass fuel can be further prevented.

In addition, because the biomass fuel source is complicated, for example, the permeability of fine particles such as sawdust is poor, the heat at the lower part of the gasification device is difficult to rise upwards naturally, and further the working condition of the gasification reaction is deteriorated. Optionally, the flow guide 4 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 43. When the biomass fuel 5 and the gasifying agent meet in a reverse flow mode, the first through hole 43 formed in the flow guide piece 4 can enable the biomass fuel 5 and the gasifying agent to be in contact with each other greatly, so that the heat carried by the gasifying agent can be transferred to the biomass fuel 5 more efficiently, the temperature of the biomass fuel 5 in a dry distillation layer is increased, and the coking of the biomass fuel 5 is further prevented.

Specifically, the baffle 4 is disposed on the inner wall of the furnace body 100, and the baffle 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the furnace body 100 by welding. One end of the flow guide member 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the furnace body 100, and the other end extends into the furnace body 100, and the length of the flow guide member 4 depends on the size of the flow guide member 4 along the radial direction of the furnace body 100. Preferably, the size of the flow guide 4 in the radial direction of the furnace body 100 is 5% -20% of the inner diameter of the furnace body 100, so that the biomass fuel 5 can move downwards more smoothly.

It is understood that the guiding element 4 can also be disposed at a position between the inner wall and the center of the furnace body 100, that is, the guiding element 4 is fixed by other fixing elements (not shown in the figure), so that the guiding function of the guiding element 4 on the biomass fuel 5 can also be realized.

Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the guiding element 4 is arranged in a spiral manner from top to bottom, so as to ensure the continuity of the downward movement of the biomass fuel 5, i.e. not to generate too much resistance.

Further, the baffle 4 has a plurality of first spiral segments 41 disposed toward the first direction F1 and second spiral segments 42 disposed toward the second direction F2, the first direction F1 and the second direction F2 being different. Therefore, the mixing degree of the biomass fuel 5 and the gasifying agent on the flow guide part 4 can be more uniform, namely, the degree of disorder of the biomass fuel and the gasifying agent is increased.

Referring to fig. 3, the difference between the air guiding member 4 of this embodiment and the air guiding member 4 shown in fig. 2 is: the surfaces on both sides of the flow guide 4 shown in fig. 2 (i.e. the surfaces opposite to the biomass fuel 5 and the gasifying agent, respectively) are all spirally oriented in a circumferential direction; the surfaces on both sides of the flow guide 4 shown in fig. 3 are spiral facing in a single direction. The deflector 4 shown in fig. 3 causes the biomass fuel 5 and the gasifying agent to be mixed to a lesser extent than the deflector 4 shown in fig. 2.

Referring to fig. 4, the difference between the air guiding member 4 of this embodiment and the air guiding member 4 shown in fig. 3 is: the flow guide 4 shown in fig. 3 is arranged continuously, whereas the flow guide 4 shown in fig. 4 is arranged discontinuously. The deflector 4 shown in fig. 4 causes the biomass fuel 5 and the gasifying agent to be mixed to a lesser extent than the deflector 4 shown in fig. 3.

It is understood that the first direction F1 and the second direction F2 are different directions, which means that the two directions may have an included angle or may be opposite.

Further, the flow guide 4 is made of a material including metal. The metal material may be a metal with high thermal conductivity, and in this embodiment, the metal material is preferably stainless steel. This is because stainless steel is also high in strength, and the influence of deformation of the baffle 4 due to the gravity generated when the biomass fuel 5 moves downward is also small.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the central tube 3 includes a first central tube 31 and a second central tube 32, the first central tube 31 is disposed on the upper portion of the furnace body 100, optionally, the first central tube 31 is inserted and fixed on two opposite sides of the furnace body 100, and the first central tube 31 is communicated with an air outlet 33, and the air outlet 33 is connected to an external combustion device to provide a crude gas. One end of the second central tube 32 is communicated with the first central tube 31, and the other end is disposed at the bottom of the furnace body 100 (for example, extending into the oxidation layer of the furnace body 100), and a plurality of second through holes 321 are disposed on the circumference of the second central tube 32. Through setting up second through-hole 321, can be that the high temperature coal gas that enters into in the second center tube 32 directly contacts with the biomass fuel 5 in the furnace body 100, so can further improve the temperature of biomass fuel 5 in the dry distillation layer, strengthened biomass fuel 5's heat transfer effect, and then reduced the risk of coking. Optionally, the second central tube 32 is provided with a second through hole 321 on the circumference from top to bottom.

Referring to fig. 6, the lower part of the furnace body 100 is further provided with a discharging assembly 7, and the discharging assembly 7 is located at the lower end of the central tube 3 and the flow guide 4, so that when the biomass fuel 5 is jammed inside the furnace body 100, the discharging assembly 7 can play a role in forcibly enhancing the air permeability of the biomass fuel 5 at the bottom of the furnace body 100. The discharging assembly 7 comprises a rotating shaft 71 and a baffle 72 connected with the rotating shaft 71, and the rotation of the baffle 72 can be realized by rotating the rotating shaft 71, so that the discharging function is realized.

It will be appreciated that the discharge assembly 7 may be electrically or mechanically controlled. When the control is electric control, the discharging assembly 7 is also connected with a control assembly (not shown in the figure), and a worker can rotate the rotating shaft 71 by controlling the control assembly; in the case of mechanical control, the worker may directly and manually rotate the rotary shaft 71, thereby rotating the shutter 72.

Referring to fig. 7, the biomass fuel 5 is formed by cold pressing, and the heat-conducting medium balls 6 are disposed in the biomass fuel 5, and the heat-conducting medium balls 6 can perform the functions of heat exchange enhancement and biomass fuel 5 crushing assistance in the furnace body 100. Alternatively, the heat-conducting medium balls 6 are made of a copper-graphite composite material having high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance, and high electrical conductivity. After the biomass fuel 5 is gasified, the heat-conducting medium balls 6 can be recycled by a screening separation or gravity separation method.

The invention also provides a gasification method for preventing the biomass fuel from coking, and the gasification method is applied to the related gasification device. The gasification method has the same technical effect as the gasification device, and repeated description is omitted here. By adopting the gasification device or the gasification method, not only the biomass fuel can be prevented from coking, but also the effect of enhancing heat exchange can be realized, and the production efficiency can be improved by about 25 percent.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.