阅读说明：本技术 台阶***空气间隔装药辅助装置 (Air spaced charging auxiliary device for step blasting ) 是由 钟权 *** 龙军飞 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种台阶爆破空气间隔装药辅助装置。本发明包括操作杆和间隔器,操作杆的下端设置有至少件弯钩,弯钩的顶端铰接于操作杆的外侧壁,并且弯钩的中部通过弹簧与操作杆的外侧壁连接,间隔器包括料斗,料斗的外侧壁顶端设置有箍环,箍环底部具有与弯钩的挂钩端相适配的凹槽,当所有弯钩的挂钩端与箍环底部的凹槽相连接时,弹簧处于压缩状态。炸药可在炮孔外装入料斗内,然后整体放入炮孔内。通过操作杆将间隔器依次下放,当间隔器放至设计位置时,轻微向下压操作杆,操作杆的弯钩下端与凹槽脱开,在弹簧作用下与间隔器分离,即可提起操作杆。本发明能够同时实现轴向与径向不耦合装药。(The invention relates to an air spaced charging auxiliary device for step blasting. The invention comprises an operating rod and a spacer, wherein the lower end of the operating rod is provided with at least one hook, the top end of the hook is hinged to the outer side wall of the operating rod, the middle part of the hook is connected with the outer side wall of the operating rod through a spring, the spacer comprises a hopper, the top end of the outer side wall of the hopper is provided with a hoop, the bottom of the hoop is provided with a groove matched with the hook end of the hook, and when the hook ends of all the hooks are connected with the groove at the bottom of the hoop, the spring is in a compressed state. The explosive can be arranged outside the blast hole and in the hopper, and then the whole explosive is arranged in the blast hole. The spacer is sequentially placed downwards through the operating rod, when the spacer is placed to a designed position, the operating rod is slightly pressed downwards, the lower end of the hook of the operating rod is separated from the groove, and the operating rod can be lifted under the action of the spring and separated from the spacer. The invention can realize axial and radial non-coupling charging at the same time.)

1. Step blasting air interval powder charge auxiliary device, its characterized in that: comprises an operating rod (1) and a spacer (2),

the lower end of the operating rod (1) is provided with at least 2 hooks (3), the top ends of the hooks (3) are hinged to the outer side wall of the operating rod (1), and the middle parts of the hooks (3) are connected with the outer side wall of the operating rod (1) through springs (4);

the spacer (2) comprises a hopper (21), a bearing rod (22) and a base (23); the hopper (21) is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and a closed lower end, the base (23) is a circular plate, the hopper (21) and the base (23) are arranged along the same central axis, the diameter of the outer wall of the hopper (21) is smaller than that of the base (23), one end of the bearing rod (22) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bottom plate of the hopper (21), and the other end of the bearing rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (23); the top end of the outer side wall of the hopper (21) is provided with a hoop (24), the bottom of the hoop (24) is provided with a groove (25) matched with the hook end of the hook (3),

when the hook ends of all the hooks (3) are connected with the groove (25) at the bottom of the hoop (24), the spring (4) is in a compressed state.

2. Step blasting air interval powder charge auxiliary device, its characterized in that: comprises an operating rod (1) and a spacer (2),

the lower end of the operating rod (1) is provided with at least 2 hooks (3), the top ends of the hooks (3) are hinged to the outer side wall of the operating rod (1), and the middle parts of the hooks (3) are connected with the outer side wall of the operating rod (1) through springs (4);

the spacer (2) comprises a hopper (21); the hopper (21) is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and a closed lower end, the periphery of the bottom plate of the hopper (21) is arranged in a protruding way relative to the outer side wall of the hopper (21), the bottom plate of the hopper (21) is a circular plate, the top end of the outer side wall of the hopper (21) is provided with a hoop (24), the bottom of the hoop (24) is provided with a groove (25) matched with the hook end of the hook (3),

when the hook ends of all the hooks (3) are connected with the groove (25) at the bottom of the hoop (24), the spring (4) is in a compressed state.

3. A bench blast air spaced charge assist device as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the operating rod (1) comprises an inner sleeve (11) and an outer sleeve (12), the outer sleeve (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (11), and can slide along the length direction of the inner sleeve (11), one end of the inner sleeve (11) close to the outer sleeve (12) is provided with a positioning bead (13), one end of the outer sleeve (12) close to the inner sleeve (11) is provided with a positioning groove matched with the positioning bead (13), the positioning bead (13) is arranged on the inner sleeve (11) through a second spring (14), the second spring (14) is connected on the inner wall of the inner sleeve (11), the side wall of the inner sleeve (11) is provided with a hole for the movement of the positioning bead (13), and when the operating rod (1) is in an extension state, one part of the positioning bead (13) is positioned in the hole, and the other part of the positioning bead extends out of the side wall of the inner sleeve (11), so that the positioning beads (13) of the inner sleeve (11) are clamped with the positioning grooves of the outer sleeve (12).

4. A bench blast air space charge auxiliary device according to claim 3, wherein: the inner sleeve (11) is in a plurality of pieces, and two adjacent inner sleeves (11) are connected through a connecting structure which is a connecting structure between the inner sleeve (11) and the outer sleeve (12).

5. A bench blast air spaced charge assist device as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the hooks (3) are three and are evenly distributed at intervals along the peripheral direction of the operating rod (1).

6. A bench blast air spaced charge assist device as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number of the grooves (25) is a plurality, the grooves correspond to the hooks (3) one by one, and the grooves are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hoop (24).

7. A bench blast air spaced charge assist device as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the groove (25) is an annular groove which is concentric with the hoop (24).

8. A bench blast air space charge auxiliary device according to claim 1, wherein: the base (23) has a hole through which the detonating cord (5) passes.

9. A bench blast air space charge auxiliary device according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom plate of the hopper (21) is provided with a hole for the explosion wire (5) to pass through.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an air spaced charging auxiliary device for step blasting, and belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering auxiliary devices.

Background

Drilling blasting is a common technology for stone excavation and is widely applied to the fields of water conservancy and hydropower, mines, traffic and the like. The traditional continuous columnar charging has the defects of high unit consumption, overhigh initial detonation pressure and excessive rock crushing, so that the effective energy utilization rate of the explosive is low, large blocks and roots are easy to generate, and a plurality of problems such as blasting vibration damage are caused. The air interval charging technology can reduce the initial peak pressure of the explosive to rocks around the blast hole, so that the explosive pressure in the hole is more uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the blast hole, thereby reducing or avoiding the excessive crushing of the surrounding rocks near the blast hole, enlarging the range of a fracture area, improving the effective utilization rate of explosive blasting energy, reducing the blasting cost and controlling the blasting damage. The air spacer means is a spacer arranged between the air column and the explosive and between the air column and the stemming to bear the weight of the explosive and the stemming. The existing air spacing device, such as an air bag, cannot realize radial uncoupled charging, and the air bag has high unit price, complex operation and low charging efficiency. Radially and non-coupling charging, namely a certain distance is reserved between the charging section and the blast hole wall; the axial direction is not coupled to charge, namely a certain distance is reserved between the charge section and the charge section.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the step blasting air interval charging auxiliary device can simultaneously realize axial uncoupled charging and radial uncoupled charging.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: step blasting air interval powder charge auxiliary device, including action bars and spacer, wherein the structure of action bars does, the lower extreme of action bars is provided with an at least crotch, and the top of crotch articulates in the lateral wall of action bars to the middle part of crotch is passed through the spring and is connected with the lateral wall of action bars.

The spacer has two structures, the first spacer comprises a hopper, a bearing rod and a base; the hopper is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and a closed lower end, the base is a circular plate, the hopper and the base are arranged along the same central axis, the diameter of the outer wall of the hopper is smaller than that of the base, one end of the bearing rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bottom plate of the hopper, and the other end of the bearing rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base; the top end of the outer side wall of the hopper is provided with a hoop, and the bottom of the hoop is provided with a groove matched with the hook end of the hook. The second spacer comprises a hopper; the hopper is upper end opening, lower extreme confined tubular structure, and the bottom plate of hopper sets up for the lateral wall protrusion of hopper all around, and the bottom plate of hopper is the circular slab, and the lateral wall top of hopper is provided with the hoop, and the hoop bottom has the recess with the couple looks adaptation of crotch.

When the hook ends of all hooks are connected with the groove at the bottom of the hoop, the spring is in a compressed state.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the action bars includes inner skleeve and outer sleeve, the outer wall at the inner skleeve is established to the outer pot head, and can follow inner skleeve length direction and slide, the inner skleeve is equipped with the location pearl in the one end that is close to the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve has the positioning groove with location pearl looks adaptation near inner skleeve one end, the location pearl is located on the inner skleeve through the second spring, second spring coupling is on the inner wall of inner skleeve, the lateral wall of inner skleeve has the hole that supplies the location pearl activity, and when the action bars extension state, the location pearl is partly located downtheholely, the lateral wall of inner skleeve is stretched out to another.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the inner sleeve is characterized in that the number of the inner sleeves is multiple, two adjacent inner sleeves are connected through a connecting structure, and the connecting structure is a connecting structure between the inner sleeves and the outer sleeves.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the crotch is three to evenly interval distribution along the peripheral direction of action bars.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the quantity of recess is a plurality of, and with the crotch one-to-one to evenly the interval sets up along hoop circumferencial direction.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the groove is an annular groove concentric with the hoop.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the first spacer structure, the base has a hole through which the explosion wire passes. In the second spacer structure, the bottom plate of the hopper has a hole through which the explosion wire passes.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: in practice, the diameter of the base in the spacer structure of the first kind is matched with the diameter of the blast hole, and the diameter of the bottom plate of the hopper in the spacer structure of the second kind is matched with the diameter of the blast hole. The explosive can be arranged outside the blast hole and in the hopper, and then the whole explosive is arranged in the blast hole. The spacer is sequentially placed downwards through the operating rod, when the spacer is placed to a designed position, the operating rod is slightly pressed downwards, the lower end of the hook of the operating rod is separated from the groove, and the operating rod can be lifted under the action of the spring and separated from the spacer.

In the spacer structure of the first kind, the hopper can be filled with the explosive, and the axial distance of the explosive sections is determined by the thickness of the bottom plate of the hopper, the length of the bearing rod and the thickness of the base, so that the axially uncoupled explosive is charged; a certain distance is reserved between the outer side wall of the hopper and the inner wall of the blast hole, and radial uncoupled charging is realized.

In the second spacer structure, the hopper is generally not filled with the explosive, the axial distance of the explosive sections is determined by the thickness of the bottom plate of the hopper and the length of the explosive sections of the hopper, and the axial uncoupled explosive charging is realized; a certain distance is reserved between the outer side wall of the hopper and the inner wall of the blast hole, and radial uncoupled charging is realized.

The invention can realize axial and radial non-coupling charging at the same time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the operating lever of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first spacer structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second spacer structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial view of the junction of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the hoop of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a base in the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first spacer according to the present invention;

figure 8 is a schematic view of a first spacer charge of the present invention after completion;

figure 9 is a schematic view of a second type of spacer charge of the present invention after completion;

the labels in the figure are: 1-operating rod, 2-spacer, 3-hook, 4-spring, 5-detonating cord, 6-blast hole, 7-charging section, 8-air section, 9-blocking section, 11-inner sleeve, 12-outer sleeve, 13-positioning ball, 14-second spring, 15-blast hole, 21-hopper, 22-bearing rod, 23-base, 24-hoop and 25-groove.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of promoting an understanding and an enabling description of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention includes an operation rod 1 and a spacer 2, wherein the operation rod 1 has a structure in which at least 2 hooks 3 are provided at a lower end of the operation rod 1, a top end of the hook 3 is hinged to an outer sidewall of the operation rod 1, and a middle portion of the hook 3 is connected to the outer sidewall of the operation rod 1 by a spring 4.

The spacer has two structures, the first spacer 2 comprises a hopper 21, a bearing rod 22 and a base 23; the hopper 21 is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end, the base 23 is a circular plate, the hopper 21 and the base 23 are arranged along the same central axis, the diameter of the outer wall of the hopper 21 is smaller than that of the base 23, one end of the bearing rod 22 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bottom plate of the hopper 21, and the other end of the bearing rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 23; the top end of the outer side wall of the hopper 21 is provided with a hoop 24, and the bottom of the hoop 24 is provided with a groove 25 matched with the hook end of the hook 3. The second spacer 2 comprises a hopper 21; hopper 21 is upper end opening, lower extreme confined tubular structure, and hopper 21's bottom plate sets up for the lateral wall protrusion of hopper 21 all around, and hopper 21's bottom plate is the circular slab, and hopper 21's lateral wall top is provided with hoop 24, and hoop 24 bottom has the recess 25 with the couple looks adaptation of crotch 3.

The spring 4 is in a compressed state when the hooking ends of all hooks 3 are connected with the groove 25 at the bottom of the hoop 24.

As shown in fig. 7 to 9, in practice, the diameter of the base 23 of the first spacer 2 structure is adapted to the diameter of the blast hole 6, and the diameter of the bottom plate of the hopper 21 of the second spacer 2 structure is adapted to the diameter of the blast hole 6. The explosive can be loaded into the hopper 21 outside the blast hole 6 and then put into the blast hole 6 as a whole. The spacer 2 is sequentially lowered by the operating rod 1, and when the spacer 2 is placed at the designed position, the operating rod 1 is slightly pressed downwards, the lower end of the hook 3 of the operating rod 1 is separated from the groove 25, and is separated from the spacer 2 under the action of the spring 4, so that the operating rod 1 can be lifted.

In the first structure of the spacer 2, the hopper 21 can be filled with the charges, and the bottom plate thickness of the hopper 21, the length of the bearing rod 22 and the thickness of the base 23 jointly determine the axial distance of the charge sections 7, so that the axially uncoupled charges are realized; a certain distance is reserved between the outer side wall of the hopper 21 and the inner wall of the blast hole 6, and radial uncoupled charging is realized.

In the second structure of the spacer 2, the hopper 21 is not filled with the explosive, the axial distance between the explosive sections 7 is determined by the thickness of the bottom plate of the hopper 21 and the length of the unfilled sections of the hopper 21, and the axially uncoupled explosive is charged; a certain distance is reserved between the outer side wall of the hopper 21 and the inner wall of the blast hole 6, and radial uncoupled charging is realized.

The invention can realize axial and radial non-coupling charging at the same time.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the operating rod 1 is preferably of a telescopic structure, and the specific structure is as follows: the operating rod 1 comprises an inner sleeve 11 and an outer sleeve 12, the outer sleeve 12 is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 11 and can slide along the length direction of the inner sleeve 11, one end of the inner sleeve 11 close to the outer sleeve 12 is provided with a positioning bead 13, one end of the outer sleeve 12 close to the inner sleeve 11 is provided with a positioning groove matched with the positioning bead 13, the positioning bead 13 is arranged on the inner sleeve 11 through a second spring 14, the second spring 14 is connected to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 11, the side wall of the inner sleeve 11 is provided with a hole for the positioning bead 13 to move, when the operating rod 1 is in an extension state, one part of the positioning bead 13 is positioned in the hole, the other part of the positioning bead extends out of the side wall of the inner sleeve 11, and. When the positioning bead 13 is pressed, the operation rod 1 is contracted. When the wall thickness of the inner sleeve 11 is thin, a movable conduit may be provided for the positioning bead 13.

In order to further reduce the volume of the operating rod 1 and facilitate carrying and implementation, the inner sleeves 11 can be arranged in a multi-layer telescopic structure, the number of the inner sleeves 11 is multiple, and two adjacent inner sleeves 11 are connected through a connecting structure which is a connecting structure between the inner sleeves 11 and the outer sleeves 12.

To better ensure the stability of the overall structure during implementation, the hooks 3 are three-piece and are evenly spaced along the peripheral direction of the operating rod 1.

In order to better ensure the stability of the whole structure in the implementation process, the invention provides two preferred embodiments for the structure of the groove 25 of the hoop 24, wherein the first embodiment is as follows: the number of the grooves 25 is multiple, the grooves correspond to the hooks 3 one by one, and the grooves are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hoop 24; the second embodiment is as follows: the groove 25 is an annular groove disposed concentrically with the hoop 24.

In the first configuration of the spacer 2, the base 23 has a hole through which the explosion wire 5 passes, in order to facilitate the penetration of the explosion wire 5. In the second structure of the spacer 2, the bottom plate of the hopper 21 has a hole through which the explosion wire 5 passes. The detonating cord 5 may be provided in a gap between the spacer 2 and the blast hole 6, provided that no hole for the detonating cord 5 to pass through is opened in the structure of the spacer 2.