Preparation method of 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank by spray forming
阅读说明：本技术 一种喷射成形1420铝锂合金空心锭坯的制备方法 (Preparation method of 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank by spray forming ) 是由 马芳 马万太 张捷 张豪 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种喷射成形1420铝锂合金空心锭坯的制备方法,将原料金属铝、金属锂、金属镁、金属锆在一级熔炼炉中进行熔炼,形成液态金属混合液；一次除渣除气；液态金属混合液在中间包中保温,并二次除渣除气；在中间包中将液态金属混合液在惰性气氛中进行雾化形成颗粒喷射流,调整喷射设备的技术参数,控制所述颗粒喷射流高速沉积到基体上,凝固形成1420铝锂合金空心坯材料；将喷射成形的所述1420铝锂合金空心坯材料自然冷却,消除残余应力；车削、脱模获得成品。制备出1420铝锂合金空心锭坯,并进行相应的热加工工艺和热处理工艺后,抗拉强度超过490MPa,屈服强度超过340MPa,延伸率超过10％。(The invention provides a preparation method of a 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank by spray forming, which comprises the steps of smelting raw materials of metal aluminum, metal lithium, metal magnesium and metal zirconium in a primary smelting furnace to form liquid metal mixed liquid; primary deslagging and degassing; preserving the temperature of the liquid metal mixed liquid in the tundish, and removing slag and gas for the second time; atomizing the liquid metal mixed liquid in an inert atmosphere in a tundish to form a particle jet flow, adjusting technical parameters of a jet device, controlling the particle jet flow to deposit on a substrate at a high speed, and solidifying to form a 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material; naturally cooling the 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material formed by spraying to eliminate residual stress; turning and demoulding to obtain a finished product. The 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank is prepared, and after corresponding hot working process and heat treatment process are carried out, the tensile strength exceeds 490MPa, the yield strength exceeds 340MPa, and the elongation exceeds 10%.)
1. A preparation method of a hollow ingot blank of 1420 aluminum lithium alloy formed by spraying is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
smelting raw materials of metal aluminum, metal lithium, metal magnesium and metal zirconium in a primary smelting furnace to form liquid metal mixed liquid;
primary deslagging and degassing;
preserving the temperature of the liquid metal mixed liquid in the tundish, and removing slag and gas for the second time;
atomizing the liquid metal mixed liquid in an inert atmosphere in a tundish to form a particle jet flow, adjusting technical parameters of a jet device, controlling the particle jet flow to deposit on a substrate at a high speed, and solidifying to form a 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material;
naturally cooling the 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material formed by spraying to eliminate residual stress;
turning and demoulding to obtain a finished product.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the smelting temperature in the first-stage smelting furnace is 680-760 ℃.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the heat preservation temperature of the liquid metal mixed liquid in the tundish is 680-760 ℃.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said method comprises the steps of: argon is selected as the gas in the inert atmosphere.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said method comprises the steps of: the technical parameters of the spraying equipment are that the eccentricity of the double-nozzle is 800 minus 1000mm, the inclination angle is 10-30 degrees, and the scanning range is 300 minus 350 mm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said injection molding a hollow ingot of 1420 aluminum lithium alloy comprises: the technical parameters of the spraying equipment are that the rotating speed of the collector is 40-60r/min, the descending speed is 2-4mm/s, and the receiving distance is 600 mm.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said method comprises the steps of: the atomization temperature is 760-850 ℃, and the atomization pressure is 0.8 MPa.
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy preparation process, in particular to a preparation method of a 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank by spray forming.
Background
The light weight is the subject of the perpetual development of weaponry, particularly aerospace equipment, and the weight reduction of the structure has a remarkable effect on the model performance and the comprehensive technical level. At present, the national aerospace equipment has more and more requirements on full-size components, the full-size components are mostly hollow structures, the specification and the size are larger, the hollow components are prepared by using the traditional solid ingot blank, the process is complex, and the difficulty is larger.
In the prior art, the aluminum lithium alloy has uneven chemical components and macrosegregation of the components in the casting process. Solvent coverage is required, causing solvent inclusions. Uneven ingot blank structure and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems of the prior art, it is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide a method for producing a hollow ingot blank of injection molded 1420 aluminum lithium alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a hollow ingot blank of 1420 aluminum lithium alloy formed by spraying comprises the following steps:
smelting raw materials of metal aluminum, metal lithium, metal magnesium and metal zirconium in a primary smelting furnace to form liquid metal mixed liquid;
primary deslagging and degassing;
preserving the temperature of the liquid metal mixed liquid in the tundish, and removing slag and gas for the second time;
atomizing the liquid metal mixed liquid in an inert atmosphere in a tundish to form a particle jet flow, adjusting technical parameters of a jet device, controlling the particle jet flow to deposit on a substrate at a high speed, and solidifying to form a 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material;
naturally cooling the 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material formed by spraying to eliminate residual stress;
turning and demoulding to obtain a finished product.
Further, the smelting temperature in the primary smelting furnace is 680-760 ℃.
Further, the heat preservation temperature of the liquid metal mixed solution in the tundish is 680-760 ℃.
Further, the gas in the inert atmosphere is argon.
Furthermore, the technical parameters of the spraying equipment are that the eccentricity of the double-nozzle is 800-.
Furthermore, the technical parameters of the spraying equipment are that the rotating speed of the collector is 40-60r/min, the descending speed is 2-4mm/s, and the receiving distance is 600 mm.
Furthermore, the atomization temperature is 760-850 ℃, and the atomization pressure is 0.8 MPa.
The preparation method of the 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank by spray forming provided by the invention has the following advantages: the invention has the following technical characteristics:
1. the chemical components are uniform, and the macrosegregation of the components of the casting process is almost avoided;
2. the H content can be effectively controlled;
3. flux covering is not needed, so that flux inclusion is avoided;
4. the whole process is protected by Ar, so that oxide inclusion is avoided;
5. the defects of cold shut and cracking of casting are avoided, and the thermal stress of the ingot blank is greatly reduced;
6. spray forming, uniform and quick cooling, and fine and uniform ingot blank tissues;
7. the whole production process does not need water cooling and contact with water, so that the problem of casting leakage flow is avoided, and risks such as combustion and explosion are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structural connection of the spraying apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process parameter diagram of the spraying apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing a 1420 hollow ingot blank of an aluminum lithium alloy by spray forming comprises the following steps:
smelting raw materials of metal aluminum, metal lithium, metal magnesium and metal zirconium in a primary smelting furnace at the temperature of 680-760 ℃, wherein the primary smelting furnace is a primary intermediate frequency smelting furnace to form liquid metal mixed liquid;
adding a deslagging agent into the mixed liquid of the deslagging agent and the liquid metal according to the dosage of 50 g/ton, wherein the deslagging agent can be selected from the existing deslagging agents according to the actual production condition, and deslagging and degassing for one time;
preserving the temperature of the liquid metal mixed solution in the tundish at 680-760 ℃, and adding a deslagging agent for secondary deslagging and degassing;
atomizing the liquid metal mixed liquid in a tundish under the condition of taking argon as inert atmosphere to form a particle spraying flow, wherein the spraying equipment comprises an
Adjusting technical parameters of the injection device: the double nozzles are an inner nozzle and an outer nozzle.
The eccentricity e1 and e2 of the double nozzles is 1000mm at 800-. The inner nozzle atomization cone axis A1 and the outer nozzle atomization cone axis A2 are shown in FIG. 2.
The rotating speed of the
The atomization temperature is 760-850 ℃, and the atomization pressure is 0.8 MPa.
Controlling the particle jet flow to deposit on a substrate at a high speed, and solidifying to form a 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material;
naturally cooling the 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow blank material formed by spraying to eliminate residual stress;
turning and demoulding to obtain a finished product.
Through the research on the spray forming double-nozzle scanning process and the mold core design, a 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank is prepared, and after the corresponding hot working process and the corresponding heat treatment process are carried out, the tensile strength exceeds 490MPa, the yield strength exceeds 340MPa, and the elongation exceeds 10%.
The 1420 aluminum lithium alloy is an excellent light structural material, can replace common aluminum alloy on a plurality of components, and has obvious application effects on lightweight structure and performance improvement of military equipment such as advanced warplanes, missiles and the like. The spray forming technique is to let the molten metal flow out of a fine liquid guiding pipe and atomize the molten metal by high pressure gas in a chamber filled with inert gas. The atomized droplets are ejected onto a substrate called a collector, and solidification is performed in a semi-molten and semi-solidified state. By changing the shape or movement of the collector, semi-finished products of various shapes and sizes can be produced, such as rings, round ingots, slabs and the like.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
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