阅读说明：本技术 一种大流量混流式水轮机提高效率的静叶装置及设计方法 (Stator blade device for improving efficiency of high-flow mixed-flow water turbine and design method ) 是由 张士龙 卢成志 张伟 刘庆超 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种大流量混流式水轮机提高效率的静叶装置及设计方法,属于水电机组水轮机设计领域,包括高水头混流式水轮机,高水头混流式水轮机的叶轮上方设置有静叶部件,在静叶部件的下方、高水头混流式水轮机的叶轮上方设置有转轮室内部防止漏水环,高水头混流式水轮机的下方连接有尾水排水管,在高水头混流式水轮机和静叶部件的上方设置有水轮机进水导叶,水轮机进水导叶与水轮机调速器连接,水轮机调速器用于控制水轮机进水导叶的开度。本发明使得水轮机效率更高,提高了水量利用率,增发电量,提升了水电站的经济效益水平。(The invention discloses a static blade device for improving efficiency of a high-flow mixed-flow water turbine and a design method, belonging to the field of design of a water turbine of a hydroelectric generating set. The invention has the advantages of higher efficiency of the water turbine, improved water utilization rate, increased power generation quantity and improved economic benefit level of the hydropower station.)

1. The utility model provides a quiet leaf device of large-traffic francis turbine efficiency improvement, includes high water head francis turbine (1), characterized by, the impeller top of high water head francis turbine (1) is provided with quiet leaf part (2), is provided with runner indoor portion in the below of quiet leaf part (2), the impeller top of high water head francis turbine (1) and prevents water leakage ring (3), the below of high water head francis turbine (1) is connected with tail water drain pipe (4), is provided with hydraulic turbine stator of intaking (5) in the top of high water head francis turbine (1) and quiet leaf part (2), hydraulic turbine stator of intaking (5) are connected with hydraulic turbine speed regulator (6), hydraulic turbine speed regulator (6) are used for controlling the aperture of hydraulic turbine stator of intaking (5).

2. The stator blade device of the large-flow mixed-flow water turbine for improving the efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the speed regulator (6) of the water turbine controls the opening of the water inlet guide blade (5) of the water turbine through a servomotor so as to realize the adjustment of the rotating speed and the load.

3. A design method of the stator blade device for improving the efficiency of the high-flow mixed-flow water turbine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) a stationary blade component (2) is arranged above an impeller of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine (1), so that the eddy loss between a volute and the impeller of the water turbine is reduced;

2) a runner chamber internal water leakage preventing ring (3) is arranged above an impeller of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine (1) and below a static blade component (2), so that the loss of water flowing from a gap between the impeller and the runner chamber to a tail water drain pipe (4) directly in the process of flowing from a volute to the impeller of the runner chamber is reduced;

3) the high-head mixed-flow water turbine (1) is put into operation, and a water turbine speed governor (6) is synchronously opened to control a water turbine water inlet guide vane (5);

4) the tail water drain pipe (4) at the lower part has normal water outlet;

5) the high-head mixed-flow water turbine (1) rises;

6) the high-head mixed-flow water turbine (1) is connected to the grid;

7) the high-head mixed-flow water turbine (1) is loaded to a rated value.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a stator blade device for improving efficiency of a high-flow mixed-flow water turbine and a design method, and belongs to the field of design of water turbines of hydroelectric generating sets.

Background

The hydropower is clean energy, is renewable, pollution-free, low in operating cost, convenient for carrying out power peak regulation, and beneficial to improving the resource utilization rate and the comprehensive benefits of the economy and the society. Under the condition that the traditional energy of the earth is increasingly tense, all countries in the world generally preferentially develop hydropower and vigorously utilize the hydropower resources.

The hydraulic turbine is a power machine for converting the energy of water flow into rotary mechanical energy, and belongs to the turbine machinery in fluid machinery. In a hydropower station, water in an upstream reservoir is guided to a water turbine through a water guide pipe to push a water turbine runner to rotate so as to drive a generator to generate electricity. The water after doing work is discharged to the downstream through the tail water pipeline. The higher the water head and the larger the flow, the larger the output power of the water turbine is.

Water turbines can be divided into impulse turbines and reaction turbines according to the working principle. The runner of the impulse turbine rotates under the impact of water flow, the pressure of the water flow is unchanged in the working process, and the conversion of kinetic energy is mainly carried out; the runner of the reaction type water turbine rotates under the reaction force of water flow in water, and the pressure energy and the kinetic energy of the water flow are changed in the working process, but the pressure energy is mainly converted.

The mixed-flow water turbine is the most widely used water turbine in the world, and the applicable water head range of the mixed-flow water turbine is very wide and is 5-700 meters, but the maximum water head range is 40-300 meters.

Because the axial thrust born by the lower axial thrust bearing of the water turbine cannot be infinite, and because the restriction of the metal material of the existing thrust bearing and the restriction of the sealing condition of the lower axial thrust bearing of the water turbine, the whole power of the designed water turbine is limited at present (the water turbine needs high power, a water head is large, the flow rate of water passing is large, the thrust born by the thrust bearing of the water turbine is large), and the thrust bearing of the water turbine becomes the bottleneck for designing the water turbine.

The hydroelectric generating set equipment is huge, the structure is complex, the capacity of a reservoir is limited, when the water turbine generates electricity, when water flows to an impeller of a runner chamber from a volute, because irregular motion forms vortex, energy loss is increased, and in the process that the water flows to the impeller of the runner chamber from the volute, a part of the water directly flows to a tail water drain pipe from a gap between the impeller and the runner chamber, so that huge waste of energy is caused, and therefore a stator blade device for improving the efficiency of the high-flow mixed-flow water turbine is urgently needed to improve the water energy utilization rate and reduce the waste of energy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a stator blade device for improving the efficiency of a high-flow mixed-flow water turbine and a design method thereof.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the utility model provides a quiet leaf device of large-traffic francis turbine efficiency improvement, includes the high water head francis turbine, characterized by, the impeller top of high water head francis turbine is provided with quiet leaf part, is provided with runner indoor portion in the below of quiet leaf part, the impeller top of high water head francis turbine and prevents the water leakage ring, the below of high water head francis turbine is connected with the tail water drain pipe, is provided with hydraulic turbine water inlet guide vane in the top of high water head francis turbine and quiet leaf part, the hydraulic turbine water inlet guide vane is connected with the hydraulic turbine speed regulator, the hydraulic turbine speed regulator is used for controlling the aperture of hydraulic turbine water inlet guide vane.

Furthermore, the water turbine speed regulator controls the opening degree of a water inlet guide vane of the water turbine through a servomotor to realize the regulation of the rotating speed and the load.

Furthermore, the water turbine water inlet guide vane communication cable is in a soft-wired and hard-wired connection redundancy design, so that the control is more reliable.

The design method of the stator blade device for improving the efficiency of the high-flow mixed-flow water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) a stationary blade component is arranged above an impeller of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine, so that the eddy loss between a volute and the impeller of the water turbine is reduced;

2) the internal water leakage preventing ring of the runner chamber is arranged above the impeller and below the static blade part of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine, so that the loss of water which directly flows to a tail water drain pipe from a gap between the impeller and the runner chamber in the process of flowing to the impeller of the runner chamber from the volute is reduced;

3) the high-head mixed-flow turbine is put into operation, and a turbine governor is synchronously opened to control a turbine water inlet guide vane;

4) the tail water drain pipe at the lower part discharges normal water;

5) raising the speed of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine;

6) the high-head mixed-flow turbine is connected to the grid;

7) the high-head mixed-flow water turbine is loaded to a rated value.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: when the hydroelectric generating set operates, the stator blade device of the large-flow mixed-flow water turbine for improving the efficiency reduces the eddy loss between the volute and the impeller of the water turbine, reduces the loss of water flowing to a tail water drain pipe directly from the gap between the impeller and the runner chamber in the process of flowing to the impeller of the runner chamber from the volute, ensures that the efficiency of the water turbine is higher, improves the water utilization rate, increases the power generation quantity and improves the economic benefit level of a hydropower station.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: the high-head mixed-flow water turbine comprises a high-head mixed-flow water turbine 1, a stationary blade component 2, a runner chamber inner water leakage preventing ring 3, a tail water drain pipe 4, a water turbine water inlet guide vane 5 and a water turbine speed regulator 6.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the stationary blade device for improving efficiency of the large-flow francis turbine in the embodiment includes a high-head francis turbine 1, a stationary blade member 2 is arranged above an impeller of the high-head francis turbine 1, a runner chamber inner water leakage prevention ring 3 is arranged below the stationary blade member 2 and above the impeller of the high-head francis turbine 1, a tail water drain pipe 4 is connected below the high-head francis turbine 1, a turbine water inlet guide blade 5 is arranged above the high-head francis turbine 1 and the stationary blade member 2, the turbine water inlet guide blade 5 is connected with a turbine speed regulator 6, and the turbine speed regulator 6 is used for controlling the opening degree of the turbine water inlet guide blade 5.

In the embodiment, the water turbine speed regulator 6 controls the opening of the water inlet guide vane 5 of the water turbine through the servomotor to realize the regulation of the rotating speed and the load.

In this embodiment, the communication cable of the water turbine water inlet guide vane 5 is designed in a redundant mode of soft wiring and hard wiring, so that control is more reliable.

The design method of the stator blade device for improving the efficiency of the large-flow mixed-flow water turbine comprises the following steps:

1) a stationary blade component 2 is arranged above an impeller of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine 1, so that the eddy loss between a volute and the impeller of the water turbine is reduced;

2) a runner chamber internal water leakage preventing ring 3 is arranged above an impeller of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine 1 and below the static blade component 2, so that the loss of water flowing to a tail water drain pipe 4 directly from a gap between the impeller and a runner chamber in the process of flowing to the impeller of the runner chamber from a volute is reduced;

3) the high-head mixed-flow water turbine 1 is put into operation, and a water turbine speed governor 6 is synchronously opened to control a water turbine water inlet guide vane 5;

4) the tail water drain pipe 4 at the lower part discharges water normally;

5) 1, raising the speed of the high-head mixed-flow water turbine;

6) the high-head mixed-flow water turbine 1 is connected to the grid;

7) the high head mixed flow turbine is loaded to the rated value by 1 liter.

When the hydroelectric generating set operates, the stator blade device for improving the efficiency of the large-flow mixed-flow water turbine reduces the eddy loss between the volute and the impeller of the water turbine, reduces the loss of water which directly flows to the tail water drain pipe 4 from the gap between the impeller and the runner chamber in the process of flowing to the impeller of the runner chamber from the volute, ensures that the efficiency of the water turbine is higher, improves the water utilization rate, increases the power generation amount and improves the economic benefit level of a hydropower station.

Because P = f (H, Q)

In the formula: p-turbine power;

h-turbine inlet head;

q-turbine inlet water flow.

The higher the water head and the larger the flow, the larger the output power of the water turbine is. The invention increases the water flow Q at the impeller of the water turbine and reduces the eddy loss between the volute and the impeller, thereby improving the efficiency of the water turbine.

When the invention is used in the existing hydropower station, the water head H at the inlet of the water turbine is fixed, and the water flow Q at the inlet of the water turbine is increased, so that the power P of the water turbine is improved, the electric quantity is increased, the water energy is saved, and the benefit is created for the hydropower station.

Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.