阅读说明：本技术 一种多级泵用平衡装置及表面增材制造方法 (Balancing device for multi-stage pump and surface additive manufacturing method ) 是由 陈俊琪 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多级泵用平衡装置及表面增材制造方法,该平衡装置,包括平衡盘；平衡盘包括圆筒形的轴筒部和与轴筒部轴向垂直的圆盘部；轴筒部和圆盘部轴向连接；轴筒部的外周面为配合A面；在配合A面外间隙相对设置有环绕配合A面的配合B面；在圆盘部的盘面上设置有圆环形的配合C面；在平衡装置上设置有与配合C面平行相对的配合D面；在配合A面、配合B面、配合C面和配合D面上激光熔覆激光熔覆层。本发明通过材料变化和工艺转变,满足了平衡装置零件表面的工况需求,实现了不锈钢基材表面的各种硬化、腐蚀、耐磨需求,实现了低成本高科技的产品制造。(The invention discloses a balancing device for a multistage pump and a surface additive manufacturing method, wherein the balancing device comprises a balancing disc; the balance disc comprises a cylindrical shaft cylinder part and a disc part which is vertical to the axial direction of the shaft cylinder part; the shaft cylinder part is axially connected with the disk part; the outer peripheral surface of the shaft cylinder part is a matching surface A; a matching surface B surrounding the matching surface A is oppositely arranged outside the matching surface A in a clearance manner; a circular matched C surface is arranged on the disc surface of the disc part; a matching D surface parallel and opposite to the matching C surface is arranged on the balancing device; and laser cladding layers are laser clad on the matching surface A, the matching surface B, the matching surface C and the matching surface D. The invention meets the working condition requirements of the surface of the balancing device part through material change and process conversion, realizes various requirements of hardening, corrosion and abrasion resistance of the surface of the stainless steel substrate, and realizes the manufacture of low-cost and high-tech products.)

1. A balancing device for a multistage pump is characterized by comprising a balancing disk; the balance disc comprises a cylindrical shaft cylinder part and a disc part which is vertical to the shaft cylinder part in the axial direction; the shaft cylinder part is axially connected with the disk part; the outer peripheral surface of the shaft cylinder part is a matching surface A, and a first laser cladding layer is arranged on the surface of the matching surface A; a matching surface B surrounding the matching surface A is oppositely arranged outside the matching surface A in a clearance manner; a second laser cladding layer is arranged on the matching surface B; a circular matched C surface is arranged on the disc surface of the disc part; a third laser cladding layer is arranged on the matching surface C; a matching D surface parallel and opposite to the matching C surface is arranged on the balancing device; a fourth laser cladding layer is arranged on the surface of the matching D surface; the first laser cladding layer and the second laser cladding layer are both larger than HRC30, and the hardness of the third laser cladding layer and the hardness of the fourth laser cladding layer are both larger than HRC 45; the hardness difference between the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer is not less than HRC 5.

2. The balancing apparatus for a multistage pump according to claim 1, wherein the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer, and the fourth laser cladding layer are an iron-based laser cladding layer or a nickel-based laser cladding layer, respectively.

3. The balancing apparatus for a multistage pump according to claim 2, wherein the first, second, third and fourth laser cladding layers each have a thickness of 0.8 to 5 mm.

4. The balancing apparatus for a multistage pump according to claim 3, wherein the difference in hardness between the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer is not less than HRC 10.

5. The balancer device for a multistage pump according to claim 3, wherein the balancer device is made of stainless steel.

6. The balancing apparatus for a multistage pump according to claim 5, wherein the first laser cladding layer is HRC 37-43; the second laser cladding layer is HRC 57-63; the third laser cladding layer is HRC 47-53; the fourth laser cladding layer is HRC 57-63.

7. The balancing apparatus for a multistage pump according to claim 6, wherein a cladding material of the first laser cladding layer is a Ni40 cladding material or a first iron-based cladding material; the cladding material of the second laser cladding layer is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material; the cladding material of the third laser cladding layer is Ni50 cladding material or third iron-based cladding material; the cladding material of the fourth laser cladding layer is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material;

the Ni40 cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.3% of B, 0.5% of C, 12.0% of Cr, 3.5% of Fe3.5, 3.0% of Si and the balance of Ni;

the Ni50 cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.3% of B, 0.5% of C, 13.8% of Cr, 4.0% of Fe, 3.4% of Si and the balance of Ni;

the Ni60 cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.6% of B, 0.5% of C, 13.0% of Cr, 4.0% of Fe, 3.8% of Si and the balance of Ni;

the first iron-based cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.10% of C, 16.72% of Cr, 1.00% of Si, 0.41% of Mn, 1.73% of Me, 0.73% of B and the balance of Fe;

the second iron-based cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.0% of C, 0.019% of P, 0.009% of S, 0.6% of Mo, 0.5% of Mn, 5.0% of Cr, 1.2% of Si, 0.7% of B, 6.2% of V and the balance of Fe;

the third iron-based cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.11% of C, 17.28% of Cr, 0.98% of Si, 0.26% of Mn, 0.34% of Mo, 0.83% of B and the balance of Fe.

8. The surface additive manufacturing method of the balancing device for the multi-stage pump is used for the manufacturing process of the balancing device of any one of claims 1 to 7, and the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer are manufactured by adopting a laser additive cladding method, and specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1, performing laser cladding on a first laser cladding layer on a surface A matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 2800W, the circumferential rotation speed is 4.5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni40 cladding material or first iron-based cladding material;

step 2, performing laser cladding on the second laser cladding layer on the surface B matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 2800W, the circumferential rotation speed is 4.5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material;

step 3, performing laser cladding on the third laser cladding layer on the surface C matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 3000W, the parallel rotation speed is 2.5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni50 cladding material or third iron-based cladding material;

and 4, carrying out laser cladding on the fourth laser cladding layer on the surface D matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 3000W, the parallel rotation speed is 2.5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material.

9. The surface additive manufacturing method of the balancing device for the multistage pump according to claim 8, wherein a single width is controlled to be 3 to 4mm when the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer, and the fourth laser cladding layer are laser clad.

10. The surface additive manufacturing method of the balancing device for the multistage pump according to claim 8, wherein during laser cladding of the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer, single-layer cladding or multilayer cladding combining a plurality of single-layer cladding layers is adopted, and the thickness of the single-layer cladding is controlled to be 0.5-2 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pumps, in particular to a balancing device for a multistage pump and a surface additive manufacturing method.

Background

The multistage centrifugal pump is very widely applied, when the multistage centrifugal pump is started, because the high water pressure at the water outlet end and the low water pressure at the water inlet end form pressure difference, the rotor of the multistage centrifugal pump generates axial force towards the water inlet end, and in order to balance the axial force and ensure the normal starting of the pump, the multistage centrifugal pump is provided with a set of balancing device at the water outlet end. Taking a balance device composed of a balance disc and a balance plate as an example, the balance principle is that a part of high-pressure water is decompressed to a balance chamber through a damper at a high-pressure water outlet end, and then flows out through a gap between the balance disc and the balance plate of the balance chamber, and the pressure of the flowing-out water is close to the atmospheric pressure. When the water pump is started, the balance disc on the water pump rotor moves to the water inlet side and is tightly attached to the balance plate to rotate at a relatively high speed, a closed balance chamber is formed to generate high water pressure, the pressure outside the balance chamber is normal pressure, so that a reverse pressure difference is formed, the water pump rotor generates axial force towards the water outlet side, when the axial force towards the water outlet side is greater than the axial force towards the water inlet side, the balance disc is separated from the balance plate, and the rotor enters dynamic balance. That is, there is usually a rotating friction fit surface and a high-pressure fluid gap fit surface in the balancing device, and these two sets of fit surfaces are worn greatly during the use of the balancing device, which seriously affects the service life of the balancing device. Some manufacturers have performed a spray welding process or a high-frequency quenching process on the surface of the mating surface of the balancer in order to improve the above-described problems, but the effect is not preferable. The hardness difference of the surface of the part after surfacing is difficult to grasp by adopting spray welding treatment, the assembly between matching surfaces needs to keep the minimum difference of hardness values, otherwise, the metal is easy to be occluded and broken down in use, the bonding strength of spray welding is not high, and the problems of over-quick abrasion or hard alloy falling off and the like are easy to occur under the working conditions. After the high-frequency quenching treatment, although the hardness and the wear resistance can be improved, the production and use problems such as cracking of the base metal, uneven hardness, unsatisfactory service life and the like are easily caused due to the heat treatment process. Therefore, a new balancing device for a multistage pump, which improves the matching surface, is required.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a balancing device for a multistage pump and a surface additive manufacturing method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a balancing device for a multi-stage pump comprises a balancing disk; the balance disc comprises a cylindrical shaft cylinder part and a disc part which is vertical to the shaft cylinder part in the axial direction; the shaft cylinder part is axially connected with the disk part; the outer peripheral surface of the shaft cylinder part is a matching surface A, and a first laser cladding layer is arranged on the surface of the matching surface A; a matching surface B surrounding the matching surface A is oppositely arranged outside the matching surface A in a clearance manner; a second laser cladding layer is arranged on the matching surface B; a circular matched C surface is arranged on the disc surface of the disc part; a third laser cladding layer is arranged on the matching surface C; a matching D surface parallel and opposite to the matching C surface is arranged on the balancing device; a fourth laser cladding layer is arranged on the surface of the matching D surface; the first laser cladding layer and the second laser cladding layer are both larger than HRC30, and the hardness of the third laser cladding layer and the hardness of the fourth laser cladding layer are both larger than HRC 45; the hardness difference between the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer is not less than HRC 5.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer, and the fourth laser cladding layer are an iron-based laser cladding layer or a nickel-based laser cladding layer, respectively.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thicknesses of the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer are all between 0.8 mm and 5 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the difference in hardness between the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer is not less than HRC 10.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the balancing device is made of stainless steel.

In a preferable mode of the invention, the first laser cladding layer is HRC 37-43; the second laser cladding layer is HRC 57-63; the third laser cladding layer is HRC 47-53; the fourth laser cladding layer is HRC57-63

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the cladding material of the first laser cladding layer is Ni40 cladding material or a first iron-based cladding material; the cladding material of the second laser cladding layer is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material; the cladding material of the third laser cladding layer is Ni50 cladding material or third iron-based cladding material; the cladding material of the fourth laser cladding layer is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material;

the Ni40 cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.3% of B, 0.5% of C, 12.0% of Cr, 3.5% of Fe3.5, 3.0% of Si and the balance of Ni;

the Ni50 cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.3% of B, 0.5% of C, 13.8% of Cr, 4.0% of Fe, 3.4% of Si and the balance of Ni;

the Ni60 cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.6% of B, 0.5% of C, 13.0% of Cr, 4.0% of Fe, 3.8% of Si and the balance of Ni;

the first iron-based cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.10% of C, 16.72% of Cr, 1.00% of Si, 0.41% of Mn, 1.73% of Me, 0.73% of B and the balance of Fe;

the second iron-based cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2.0% of C, 0.019% of P, 0.009% of S, 0.6% of Mo, 0.5% of Mn, 5.0% of Cr, 1.2% of Si, 0.7% of B, 6.2% of V and the balance of Fe;

the third iron-based cladding material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.11% of C, 17.28% of Cr, 0.98% of Si, 0.26% of Mn, 0.34% of Mo, 0.83% of B and the balance of Fe.

A surface additive manufacturing method of a balancing device for a multi-stage pump is used for manufacturing the balancing device, and the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer are manufactured by adopting a laser additive cladding method, and specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1, performing laser cladding on a first laser cladding layer on a surface A matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 2800W, the circumferential rotation speed is 4.5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni40 cladding material or first iron-based cladding material;

step 2, performing laser cladding on the second laser cladding layer on the surface B matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 2500W, the circumferential rotation speed is 5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material;

step 3, performing laser cladding on the third laser cladding layer on the surface C matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 3000W, the parallel rotation speed is 2.5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni50 cladding material or third iron-based cladding material;

and 4, carrying out laser cladding on the fourth laser cladding layer on the surface D matched with the balance device, wherein the laser cladding power is 3000W, the parallel rotation speed is 2.5rmp/min in the laser cladding process, and the cladding material is Ni60 cladding material or second iron-based cladding material.

As a preferable scheme of the surface additive manufacturing method, when the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer are subjected to laser cladding, the width of a single strip is controlled to be 3-4 mm.

As a preferable scheme of the surface additive manufacturing method, during laser cladding of the first laser cladding layer, the second laser cladding layer, the third laser cladding layer and the fourth laser cladding layer, single-layer cladding or multilayer cladding formed by overlapping and compounding a plurality of single-layer cladding layers is adopted, and the thickness of the single-layer cladding is controlled to be 0.5-2 mm.

Through the technical scheme, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is simple and reasonable, meets the working condition requirements of the surface of the balance device part through material change and process conversion, realizes various requirements of hardening, corrosion and abrasion resistance of the surface of the stainless steel substrate, and realizes the manufacture of low-cost and high-tech products. Compared with the traditional product, the balancing device manufactured by the invention has the following outstanding improvement on the following performances: 1. the bonding strength of metal additive manufacturing is improved; 2. the dilution rate of the base material and the welding layer is reduced; 3. the hardness is uniform; 4. improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In terms of comprehensive performance, the service life of the traditional product is usually about half a year, while the service life of the balancing device provided by the invention is more than two years.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a balance disk in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a balance sleeve in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a gimbal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a balance plate in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 and 6 are photographs showing the effect of the balancing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention after being used for 2 years.

The corresponding part names indicated by the numbers and letters in the drawings:

1. shaft barrel 2, disk 3, mating surface A

4. Matching the C surface 5, the balance sleeve 6 and the B surface

7. The balance ring 8 is matched with the D surface 9 and the balance plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.