阅读说明：本技术 一种有温差发电驱动和温度预警的超声波脉动热管散热器 (Ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric power generation driving and temperature early warning functions ) 是由 包康丽 张靖鹏 宋琦 叶恭然 许晨怡 方一波 韩晓红 于 2019-09-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种有温差发电驱动和温度预警的超声波脉动热管散热器,包括脉动热管、压电陶瓷片、超声波发生器,压电陶瓷片设于脉动热管表面；包括温差发电片、DC-DC变换器,导热板和指示灯电路温差发电片通过DC-DC变换器与超声波发生器电性连接；脉动热管蒸发段嵌入导热板内,导热板一面贴于待散热元器件,另一面贴设温差发电片,温差发电片的另一面与空气接触；指示灯电路的电磁继电器与温差发电片电性连接,可用于对元器件结点温度进行预警,以便对元器件进行保护。本发明利用脉动热管进行温差发电,驱动压电陶瓷片工作,压电陶瓷发出的超声波产生的空化效应,可强化脉动热管的传热性能。由于温差发电自供,可灵活适用于各类半导体元器件散热的场合。(The invention discloses an ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions, which comprises a pulsating heat pipe, a piezoelectric ceramic piece and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic piece is arranged on the surface of the pulsating heat pipe; the temperature difference power generation device comprises a temperature difference power generation sheet and a DC-DC converter, wherein a heat conduction plate and an indicator light circuit temperature difference power generation sheet are electrically connected with an ultrasonic generator through the DC-DC converter; the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe is embedded into a heat conducting plate, one surface of the heat conducting plate is attached to a component to be radiated, the other surface of the heat conducting plate is attached with a thermoelectric generation piece, and the other surface of the thermoelectric generation piece is in contact with air; the electromagnetic relay of the indicating lamp circuit is electrically connected with the thermoelectric generation piece and can be used for early warning the junction temperature of the components so as to protect the components. The invention utilizes the pulsating heat pipe to generate temperature difference power to drive the piezoelectric ceramic piece to work, and the heat transfer performance of the pulsating heat pipe can be enhanced by the cavitation effect generated by the ultrasonic wave emitted by the piezoelectric ceramic. Because the thermoelectric generation is self-supplied, the thermoelectric generator can be flexibly applied to the occasions of heat dissipation of various semiconductor components.)

1. The utility model provides an ultrasonic wave pulsation heat pipe radiator that has thermoelectric generation drive and temperature early warning which characterized in that: the device comprises a pulsating heat pipe, a piezoelectric ceramic piece and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic piece is arranged on the surface of the pulsating heat pipe;

the temperature difference power generation device is characterized by also comprising a temperature difference power generation piece, a DC-DC converter, a heat conduction plate and an indicator light circuit, wherein the temperature difference power generation piece is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator through the DC-DC converter and is electrically connected with the indicator light circuit;

the pulsating heat pipe comprises a condensation section, a heat insulation section and an evaporation section, wherein the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe is embedded into the heat conduction plate, one surface of the heat conduction plate is attached to a component to be cooled, the other surface of the heat conduction plate is attached to a thermoelectric generation piece, and the other surface of the thermoelectric generation piece is in contact with the air.

2. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are respectively and fixedly arranged on one side or two sides of the surface of the condensation section, the heat insulation section and the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe.

3. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the another side of thermoelectric generation piece is equipped with the fin, and the fin includes many fins, and the two sides of thermoelectric generation piece all are equipped with heat conduction silica gel.

4. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of grooves are formed in the heat conducting plate, and the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the corresponding groove.

5. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the indicating lamp circuit comprises an electromagnetic relay and an indicating lamp, the electromagnetic relay is connected with the ultrasonic generator in parallel, the electromagnetic relay is electrically connected with the thermoelectric generation piece, the attraction of the electromagnetic relay is controlled according to the electromotive force of the thermoelectric generation piece, and the opening or closing of the indicating lamp is controlled according to the attraction of the electromagnetic relay.

6. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 5, wherein: still include the water tank, in the water tank was located to the condensation segment of pulsation heat pipe, the water tank intussuseption was filled with cooling water, when the pilot lamp was opened, increased cooling water flow or reduced cooling water inlet temperature to promote the condensation segment heat transfer effect of pulsation heat pipe, reduce and treat radiating element's junction temperature.

7. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pulsating heat pipe is open or closed in structure and is plate-shaped or tubular; the elbow of the pulsating heat pipe is a single elbow or a plurality of elbows.

8. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the internal working medium liquid of the pulsating heat pipe is any one of water, methanol, ethanol, Freon or nano fluid, micro-capsule fluid and magnetic fluid.

9. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thermoelectric power generation piece is made of semiconductors or semiconductor alloys, and the structure is a plate type or a sleeve type.

10. The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric ceramic piece is made of any one of barium titanate series, lead zirconate titanate binary system, perovskite ternary system, quaternary system or meta-niobate series, and the structure of the piezoelectric ceramic piece is plate type or sleeve type.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pulsating heat pipes, and particularly relates to a pulsating heat pipe radiator with a temperature difference power generation module, a temperature early warning module and an ultrasonic wave generation module.

Background

With the continuous development of semiconductor technology, semiconductor chips and semiconductor power devices are gradually becoming highly integrated, resulting in a gradual increase in power density. The increase in power density results in a significant increase in the heat flux density of the components. In order to ensure the normal operation of the components, the temperature of the components must be ensured within a certain range, which puts higher requirements on heat dissipation means. The pulsating heat pipe is widely concerned at present as an efficient radiator due to the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good adaptability, high heat transfer capacity and the like. The pulsating heat pipe is formed by bending a long capillary tube to form a plurality of elbows. Before working, the interior of the pulsating heat pipe is vacuumized and filled with part of working fluid. The working fluid forms a gas plug and a liquid plug which are distributed at intervals in the pulsating heat pipe under the action of capillary force and gravity. When the pulse heat pipe is in work, the evaporation section of the pulse heat pipe is attached to a component, liquid in the evaporation section is heated and evaporated, the air plug expands, and working fluid is pushed to flow to the condensation section. The working fluid is condensed in the condensing section, the gas plug is contracted, and the liquid flows back to the evaporating section. Due to unbalanced pressure difference between the evaporation section and the condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe, the working fluid forms oscillating motion inside the pulsating heat pipe, and heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section. Although the heat transfer capacity of the pulsating heat pipe is high, the pulsating heat pipe has the problems that the temperature fluctuation is large and the temperature unevenness at the evaporation section is large at low power. In practical application, local hot spots are easily generated, so that the failure of components is caused, and the practical application of the pulsating heat pipe is limited.

The thermoelectric generation piece is a semiconductor device, and when the thermoelectric generation piece works, the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end enables the thermoelectric generation piece to generate a Seebeck effect. The seebeck effect means that in a closed circuit composed of semiconductors of different materials, if the temperatures of the two semiconductors are kept different, contact electromotive force is generated between the two semiconductors, and current flows through the closed circuit. The electromotive force generated by the thermoelectric generation piece is related to the temperature difference of the two semiconductors, and the electromotive force increases with the increase of the temperature difference.

The ultrasonic wave is a sound wave with the frequency higher than 20kHz, and can generate cavitation effect on the fluid, so that small bubbles are generated inside the fluid, and the flow heat transfer of the fluid is enhanced. The cavitation effect means that micro bubbles existing in liquid vibrate and grow under the action of ultrasonic waves, and when sound pressure reaches a certain value, the bubbles rapidly expand and then suddenly close, and shock waves are generated when the bubbles close. The kinetic process of bubble growth, closing and oscillation under the action of ultrasound is called ultrasonic cavitation. The frequency range typically employed for inducing cavitation by ultrasound is 20-40 kHZ.

Researchers provide some designs which can use ultrasonic waves to strengthen the pulsating heat pipe, for example, patent CN201210093767.4 provides a plate-type pulsating heat pipe heat transfer system with an electrically controlled piezoelectric ceramic block fixed on the side, and patent CN201210097001.3 provides a pulsating heat pipe heat transfer system with an electrically controlled piezoelectric ceramic block sleeved on the side, and the two patents utilize a plate-type or sleeve-type structure to fix the electrically controlled piezoelectric ceramic block which can generate ultrasonic waves on the pulsating heat pipe. The design can realize that the heat transfer of the pulsating heat pipe is enhanced by ultrasonic waves, but the two designs both need to be specially provided with a power supply to supply power to the electric control piezoelectric ceramic block, need to additionally provide the power supply in an application occasion in practical application and have certain use limitation.

In addition, some researchers provide some designs combining thermoelectric generation and pulsating heat pipes, for example, patent CN107947638A discloses a solar thermoelectric generation device based on double pulsating heat pipes, which adopts double pulsating heat pipes to ensure that both sides of a thermoelectric generation piece always have higher temperature difference, and has fast thermal response and high heat transfer efficiency; the phase-change heat storage material is used for storing heat energy absorbed by the solar heat collector, so that the problems of uneven temperature distribution, small contact area and the like during heat conduction are solved while heat storage is realized. Patent CN107592035A discloses a method for utilizing waste heat of tail gas based on thermoelectric generation and pulsating heat pipe technology, which utilizes waste heat of tail gas to heat the cooling end of the pulsating heat pipe unit, so that the cooling end of the pulsating heat pipe unit with temperature rise is used as the heat source of the thermoelectric generation device, and the waste heat of tail gas is converted into electric energy. The two designs utilize the pulsating heat pipe to carry out solar heat collection energy recovery and waste heat recovery, provide an energy source for thermoelectric power generation, and the core essence of the pulsating heat pipe is a thermoelectric power generation device and does not strengthen the heat transfer performance of the pulsating heat pipe.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the various limitations of the pulsating heat pipe in the prior art when the pulsating heat pipe is used for radiating a semiconductor component, such as pulsation limitation, difficult starting, external power supply requirement, poor heat transfer performance and the like, the invention provides the ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric power generation driving and temperature early warning, which improves the universality and portability of the pulsating heat pipe and strengthens and controls the pulsating flow and heat transfer of the pulsating heat pipe under the condition of not using an additional power supply; meanwhile, the junction temperature of the components can be monitored, and the performance of the components is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh junction temperature.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature early warning functions comprises a pulsating heat pipe, a piezoelectric ceramic piece and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic piece is arranged on the surface of the pulsating heat pipe; the thermoelectric power generation device also comprises a thermoelectric power generation piece, a DC-DC converter, a heat conduction plate and an indicator light circuit; the temperature difference power generation sheet is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator through the DC-DC converter; the thermoelectric power generation piece is electrically connected with the indicating lamp circuit; the heat pipe comprises a condensation section, a heat insulation section and an evaporation section, wherein the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe is embedded into the heat conduction plate, one surface of the heat conduction plate is attached to a component to be cooled, the other surface of the heat conduction plate is attached to a thermoelectric generation piece, and the other surface of the thermoelectric generation piece is in contact with air.

As one preferable scheme of the invention, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic pieces are fixedly arranged on one side or two sides of the surface of the condensation section, the heat insulation section and the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe respectively.

As one of the preferable schemes of the invention, the other side of the thermoelectric generation piece is provided with a radiating fin which comprises a plurality of fins, and both sides of the thermoelectric generation piece are provided with heat-conducting silica gel.

As one of the preferable schemes of the invention, a plurality of grooves are formed in the heat conducting plate, and the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the corresponding groove.

As one preferable scheme of the present invention, the indicator light circuit includes an electromagnetic relay and an indicator light, the electromagnetic relay is connected in parallel with the ultrasonic generator, the electromagnetic relay is electrically connected to the thermoelectric generation piece, and controls the attraction of the electromagnetic relay according to the electromotive force of the thermoelectric generation piece, and controls the on or off of the indicator light according to the attraction of the electromagnetic relay.

As one of the preferable schemes of the invention, the invention further comprises a water tank, the condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the water tank, the water tank is filled with cooling water, and when the indicator light is turned on, the flow rate of the cooling water is increased or the temperature of the cooling water inlet is reduced, so that the condensation effect of the pulsating heat pipe is improved.

As one of the preferable schemes of the invention, the structure of the pulsating heat pipe is open or closed, and the shape of the pulsating heat pipe is plate type or pipe type; the elbow of the pulsating heat pipe is a single elbow or a plurality of elbows.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the internal working fluid of the pulsating heat pipe is any one of water, methanol, ethanol, freon or nano fluid, micro-capsule fluid, and magnetic fluid.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermoelectric generation sheet is made of a semiconductor or a semiconductor alloy, and has a plate-type or sleeve-type structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is made of any one of barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, perovskite, quaternary system, and meta-niobate, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet has a plate-type or sleeve-type structure.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: (1) the temperature difference power generation is carried out by utilizing the temperature of the evaporation section when the pulsating heat pipe works and the ambient temperature, the temperature difference power generation is used for driving the piezoelectric ceramic piece to work, and the cavitation effect generated by the ultrasonic wave emitted by the piezoelectric ceramic piece can strengthen the heat transfer performance of the pulsating heat pipe and reduce the starting power of the pulsating heat pipe. The integrated pulsating heat pipe radiator does not need additional power supply when radiating the semiconductor electronic device, and is convenient to install and use. (2) In the pulsating heat pipe using the micro-fluid and the nano-fluid, as the pipe diameter of the pulsating heat pipe is very small, and the micron scale and the nano-scale solid particles are easy to precipitate, the pipe is blocked, and the liquid can vibrate under the ultrasonic action of ultrasonic waves, so that the pipe is prevented from being blocked by the nano-scale solid particles due to precipitation in use. (3) When the components work, whether the node temperature of the components exceeds a safety value or not can be indicated through the switch of the indicator lamp, so that the heat dissipation condition of the condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe is adjusted, the node temperature of the components is controlled below the safety working temperature, and the normal work of the components is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe heat sink according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an evaporation section of the ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe heat sink of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a condensing section of the ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe heat sink according to the present invention.

1-pulsating heat pipes; 2-thermoelectric power generation sheet; 21-a heat sink; 22-thermally conductive silica gel; 3-DC converter 4-ultrasonic generator; 5-piezoelectric ceramic plate; 6-heat conducting plate; 7-indicator light circuit; 8-a water tank, 81-a water inlet pipe and 82-a water outlet pipe; 11-a condensation section; 12-an adiabatic section; 13-evaporation stage.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator with thermoelectric generation driving and temperature warning in this embodiment includes a pulsating heat pipe 1, a thermoelectric generation sheet (TEG)2, a DC-DC converter 3, an ultrasonic driving circuit 4, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet (UW)5, and a heat conducting plate 6, where the pulsating heat pipe 1 is provided with a condensation section 11, a heat insulation section 12, and an evaporation section 13 from top to bottom.

The evaporation zone 13 of pulsation heat pipe imbeds in the recess of heat-conducting plate 6, the one side and the semiconductor components and parts contact of heat-conducting plate 6, thermoelectric generation piece 2 is established to another side subsides, thermoelectric generation piece 2 the another side with through fin 21 and air contact, the two sides all are equipped with heat conduction silica gel 22, semiconductor components and parts's heat is transmitted to evaporation zone 13 and thermoelectric generation piece 2's one side by heat-conducting plate 6, thereby semiconductor components's high-efficient heat dissipation has been realized, and simultaneously, because thermoelectric generation piece 2's two sides temperature is different, can form certain difference in temperature in order to generate electricity, electronic components's temperature can reach more than 60 ℃ in the actual work, the difference in temperature of thermoelectric generation piece both sides can reach dozens of degrees centigrade, thermoelectric generation efficiency is higher.

The direct current generated by the thermoelectric generation chip 2 is converted into more stable voltage through the DC-DC converter 3, and the more stable voltage is used for driving the ultrasonic generator 4 to control and adjust the voltage and the frequency applied to the piezoelectric ceramic chip 5. The adjustable voltage range is 0-40V, and the applied voltage frequency range is 1 kHz-1000 kHz. Piezoelectric ceramic plates 5 are attached to one side or two sides of the surfaces of the condensation section 11, the heat insulation section 12 and the evaporation section 13 of the pulsating heat pipe, and the cavitation effect generated by ultrasonic waves emitted by the piezoelectric ceramic plates 5 strengthens the heat transfer and flow performance of the pulsating heat pipe 1 and reduces the starting power of the pulsating heat pipe 1.

The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator is integrated, efficient heat dissipation of semiconductor components can be guaranteed without external power supply, and compared with the traditional pulsating heat pipe, the heat transfer performance of the pulsating heat pipe is enhanced by the cavitation effect, and the heat absorption effect of the evaporation section 13 is better; meanwhile, because the thermoelectric generation piece has certain heat conduction thermal resistance, the conventional thermoelectric generation device arranges the thermoelectric generation piece between the heat conduction plate and the heat pipe, so that the total heat conduction thermal resistance is increased, one surface of the thermoelectric generation piece is contacted with the heat conduction plate 6, the other surface of the thermoelectric generation piece is directly contacted with air, or the radiating fin 21 with fins is contacted with air, so that the thermoelectric generation is realized on the premise of ensuring the full heat radiation of the semiconductor component, and therefore, the heat radiation effect of the component and the thermoelectric generation effect are better.

In order to further improve the performance of the pulsating heat pipe, the micro-fluid or the nano-fluid is adopted as the working medium of the pulsating heat pipe in the embodiment, the vibration effect of the ultrasonic wave can effectively inhibit micro-particles, and the deposition of the nano-particles blocks the pipeline.

As shown in FIG. 3, the condensation section 11 of the pulsating heat pipe 1 is arranged in the water tank 8, cooling water is introduced into the water tank 8, and working medium in the pulsating heat pipe releases heat in the condensation section through convection and condensation, so that heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section.

The ultrasonic pulsating heat pipe radiator further comprises an indicator light circuit 7, the indicator light circuit 7 comprises an electromagnetic relay and an indicator light, and the attraction voltage of the electromagnetic relay corresponds to the potential difference value generated by the thermoelectric generation piece at the maximum safe working temperature of the heating component. The electromagnetic relay is connected with the ultrasonic wave generation module in parallel, and when the potential difference value reaches the pull-in voltage of the relay, the electromagnetic relay works, and the indicator light is on. When the indicator light is observed to be on, the junction temperature of the components is over high, the junction temperature of the components can be reduced by increasing the flow rate of cooling water in the water tank 8, reducing the inlet temperature of the cooling water or adjusting the workload of the components, and the components are protected from being damaged. In actual use, the water tank 8 is provided with the water inlet pipe 81 and the water outlet pipe 82, the water inlet pipe 81 is provided with the electromagnetic valve or the water pump, and the flow of the cooling water can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve or the power of the water pump, so that the condensation requirement is met.

The pulsating heat pipe 1 can be made of copper, aluminum, carbon steel, stainless steel and other metals, and can be made of non-metals such as glass, plastic and the like; the working medium liquid inside the device is generally water, methanol, ethanol, Freon, various nano fluids, micro fluids and the like. The structure of the pulsating heat pipe 1 is not limited to that shown in the figure, and can be an open-loop pulsating heat pipe, a closed-loop pulsating heat pipe and a loop pulsating heat pipe; the shape of the pulsating heat pipe 1 is not limited to that shown in the figure, and may be a plate-type pulsating heat pipe or a tube-type pulsating heat pipe.

The thermoelectric generation piece 2 can be made of semiconductors, semiconductor alloys and other thermoelectric materials. The shape and structure of the thermoelectric generation piece 2 are not limited to those shown in the figures, and the thermoelectric generation piece may be rectangular, circular or other shapes, and the structure may be plate type or sleeve type.

The piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 may be barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate (PZT), perovskite ternary system, quaternary system or multi-element system, or more environment-friendly meta-niobate system. The shape and structure of the piezoelectric ceramic may also be not limited to those shown in the figures, and the shape may be various shapes such as rectangle, circle, etc., and the structure may be plate type or sleeve type.

The above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may make variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the appended claims.