阅读说明：本技术 一种用于轻气炮真空靶室的弹托和弹丸气动分离装置 (A bullet holds in palm and pneumatic separator of shot for light gas big gun vacuum target chamber ) 是由 龙仁荣 郑克勤 张庆明 任思远 薛一江 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于轻气炮真空靶室的弹托和弹丸气动分离装置,包括：位于靶室中的阻拦板和连接在炮管出口的气动分离密封结构,所述气动分离密封结构内部具有与炮管同轴的空腔结构,所述空腔结构两端设置有能够使弹丸和弹托穿过的密封件,阻拦板设置于气动分离密封结构的出口之后、靶板之前,其上设置与炮管同轴的通孔,其中,阻拦板的通孔孔径大于弹丸直径且小于弹托的外径；气动分离密封结构上设置注气孔,用于向气动分离密封结构内部空腔结构注气,以调节其内部的压力至设定值,保证弹托和弹丸飞行至距离气动分离密封结构出口端设定距离时,弹托完全打开。(The invention discloses a bullet holder and bullet pneumatic separation device for a vacuum target chamber of a light gas gun, which comprises: the device comprises a blocking plate and a pneumatic separation sealing structure, wherein the blocking plate is positioned in a target chamber, the pneumatic separation sealing structure is connected to an outlet of a gun barrel, a cavity structure coaxial with the gun barrel is arranged in the pneumatic separation sealing structure, sealing parts capable of enabling projectiles and a projectile holder to penetrate through are arranged at two ends of the cavity structure, the blocking plate is arranged behind the outlet of the pneumatic separation sealing structure and in front of the target plate, a through hole coaxial with the gun barrel is formed in the blocking plate, and the aperture of the through hole of the blocking plate is larger than the diameter of the projectiles and smaller than the outer diameter of the projectile; the pneumatic separation sealing structure is provided with a gas injection hole for injecting gas into the internal cavity structure of the pneumatic separation sealing structure so as to adjust the pressure inside the pneumatic separation sealing structure to a set value, and the projectile support is completely opened when the projectile support and the projectile fly to a set distance away from the outlet end of the pneumatic separation sealing structure.)

1. The utility model provides a bullet holds in palm and the pneumatic separator of shot for light gas big gun vacuum target chamber which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a blocking plate and a pneumatic separation sealing structure, wherein the blocking plate is positioned in a target chamber, the pneumatic separation sealing structure is connected to an outlet of a gun barrel, a cavity structure coaxial with the gun barrel is arranged in the pneumatic separation sealing structure, sealing parts capable of enabling projectiles and a projectile holder to penetrate through are arranged at two ends of the cavity structure, the blocking plate is arranged behind the outlet of the pneumatic separation sealing structure and in front of the target plate, a through hole coaxial with the gun barrel is formed in the blocking plate, and the aperture of the through hole of the blocking plate is larger than the diameter of the projectiles and smaller than the outer diameter of the projectile;

the pneumatic separation sealing structure is provided with a gas injection hole for injecting gas into the internal cavity structure of the pneumatic separation sealing structure so as to adjust the pressure inside the pneumatic separation sealing structure to a set value, and the projectile support is completely opened when the projectile support and the projectile fly to a set distance away from the outlet end of the pneumatic separation sealing structure.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the pneumatic separation sealing structure comprises a pressure sensor and a pressure gauge, wherein the pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall surface of the cavity structure in the pneumatic separation sealing structure, and the pressure gauge is connected with the pressure sensor.

3. The projectile holder and projectile pneumatic separation device for a light gas cannon vacuum target chamber of claim 2, wherein the pressure gauge is disposed outside the target chamber when the target chamber is made of non-transparent material, and is disposed inside the target chamber and outside the cavity structure inside the pneumatic separation sealing structure when the target chamber is made of transparent material.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the pneumatic separation sealing structure comprises: the gun barrel comprises a pneumatic separation barrel and sealing pieces arranged at two ends of the pneumatic separation barrel, wherein the sealing pieces are respectively a plastic membrane A and a plastic membrane B, the pneumatic separation barrel is of a barrel structure with openings at two ends, annular grooves used for installing the sealing pieces are respectively coaxially formed in the end parts of the two ends of the pneumatic separation barrel, the plastic membrane A and the plastic membrane B are respectively fixed on the inner bottom surfaces of the annular grooves at the two ends of the pneumatic separation barrel and are sealed at the connection part, and the projectile support and the projectile ejected from the gun barrel can penetrate through the plastic membrane A and the plastic membrane B.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-high-speed collision loading tests, in particular to a bullet holder and bullet pneumatic separation device for a vacuum target chamber of a light gas gun.

Background

The research on the aspects of spacecraft protection, kinetic weapons, high-pressure physics and the like requires ultra-high-speed launching technology. In the field of ultra-high speed launch, however, a soft-breeze gun is a particularly versatile device compared to other launch technologies, because it can launch projectiles of various shapes and with a wide range of adaptations to the mass, size and material of the projectile. From the view of working principle, the light gas gun is a device for accelerating the shots by utilizing light compressible gas and comprises a first-level light gas gun, a second-level light gas gun and a third-level light gas gun, wherein the first-level light gas gun can load the shots with the set mass A to 0.5-2km/s, the second-level light gas gun can load the shots with the set mass B to 2-7km/s, and the third-level light gas gun can load the shots to more than 10 km/s. The light gas gun vacuum target chamber can be used for ground simulation of damage characteristics of ultra-high speed space debris impacting a spacecraft protective structure, protective performance of the spacecraft protective structure and damage characteristic research of an ultra-high speed kinetic energy weapon.

When a light gas gun launches a bullet, a bullet support structure is needed to support, seal and transmit gas pressure to the bullet to enable the bullet to adapt to the size of a muzzle, and the bullet is guaranteed to obtain high initial speed. However, after the projectile exits the muzzle, the projectile and the projectile support need to be effectively separated, so as to prevent the projectile support from generating additional destructive effect on the target plate and ensure the accuracy of the experiment.

At present, the prior bullet holder separation technology mainly comprises two types, one type is bullet holder forced separation technology, and the other type is bullet holder pneumatic separation technology. The bullet support forced separation technology adopts a mechanical separation device with a through hole, the size of the hole is slightly larger than that of a bullet and smaller than that of the bullet support, and the bullet is forced to block the bullet support through the separation device by a mechanical method so that the bullet support cannot pass through the separation device; when the separation device forcibly blocks the projectile support, due to the fact that the speed of the projectile is high, instantaneous strong impact force can adversely affect the projectile, the projectile can be broken under the action of the strong impact force, if the separation device has small deviation with the aligning of a muzzle, the separation device can cause separation failure, and the broken projectile support can fly out along with the projectile. The bullet support pneumatic separation technology is that after the bullet support with the bullet is discharged from a gun muzzle, the bullet support is separated from the bullet and then is stopped under the action of air resistance in a target chamber. Although the projectile support pneumatic separation technology avoids the impact force influence on the projectile when the projectile support is intercepted, the projectile support pneumatic separation still has a plurality of limiting conditions (such as limited air filling into the target chamber) by the action of air resistance, and is not suitable for the target chamber in a vacuum environment in space; and some light gas cannons adopt a forced bullet-removing mode to separate the bullet and the bullet holder, and air domains with certain distances are not reserved, namely, a separating device of the light gas cannon bullet holder and the bullet which is generally used in a vacuum target chamber is not available in the prior art, and the separating device can be suitable for separating the light gas cannon bullet holder and the bullet in the vacuum target chamber regardless of whether a set air domain is reserved at the outlet of the cannon barrel.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a pneumatic separation device for a sabot and a projectile in a vacuum target chamber of a light gas gun, which can be directly installed at a gun barrel outlet in the vacuum target chamber, is suitable for separating the sabot and the projectile in different gun barrel outlet modes of the light gas gun, and can ensure that the sabot and the projectile are effectively separated in the vacuum target chamber.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a projectile holder and projectile pneumatic separation device for a light gas gun vacuum target chamber, comprising: the device comprises a blocking plate and a pneumatic separation sealing structure, wherein the blocking plate is positioned in a target chamber, the pneumatic separation sealing structure is connected to an outlet of a gun barrel, a cavity structure coaxial with the gun barrel is arranged in the pneumatic separation sealing structure, sealing parts capable of enabling projectiles and a projectile holder to penetrate through are arranged at two ends of the cavity structure, the blocking plate is arranged behind the outlet of the pneumatic separation sealing structure and in front of the target plate, a through hole coaxial with the gun barrel is formed in the blocking plate, and the aperture of the through hole of the blocking plate is larger than the diameter of the projectiles and smaller than the outer diameter of the projectile;

the pneumatic separation sealing structure is provided with a gas injection hole for injecting gas into the internal cavity structure of the pneumatic separation sealing structure so as to adjust the pressure inside the pneumatic separation sealing structure to a set value, and the projectile support is completely opened when the projectile support and the projectile fly to a set distance away from the outlet end of the pneumatic separation sealing structure.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the pneumatic separation sealing structure comprises a pressure sensor and a pressure gauge, wherein the pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall surface of the cavity structure in the pneumatic separation sealing structure, and the pressure gauge is connected with the pressure sensor.

Preferably, when the target chamber is the non-transparent material, the manometer setting is outside the target chamber, and when the target chamber was the transparent material, the manometer setting was inside the target chamber, outside the inside cavity structure of pneumatic separation seal structure.

Preferably, the pneumatic separation sealing structure comprises: the gun barrel comprises a pneumatic separation barrel and sealing pieces arranged at two ends of the pneumatic separation barrel, wherein the sealing pieces are respectively a plastic membrane A and a plastic membrane B, the pneumatic separation barrel is of a barrel structure with openings at two ends, annular grooves used for installing the sealing pieces are respectively coaxially formed in the end parts of the two ends of the pneumatic separation barrel, the plastic membrane A and the plastic membrane B are respectively fixed on the inner bottom surfaces of the annular grooves at the two ends of the pneumatic separation barrel and are sealed at the connection part, and the projectile support and the projectile ejected from the gun barrel can penetrate through the plastic membrane A and the plastic membrane B.

Has the advantages that:

(1) the invention effectively solves the problem that a light gas gun projectile support and projectile separation device in the vacuum target chamber is lacked in the prior art by arranging the pneumatic separation sealing structure and the blocking plate which are coaxial with the gun barrel outlet in the vacuum target chamber, and the separation device can be directly arranged at the gun barrel outlet to effectively separate the projectile support and the projectile of the light gas gun in the vacuum target chamber without damaging the projectile regardless of the preset air area reserved at the gun barrel outlet.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the pneumatic separation device of the present invention integrally connected to a gun barrel in a vacuum target chamber.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a separation process of the projectile holder and the projectile of the invention, (a) a schematic diagram of an initial state that the projectile holder and the projectile rupture a membrane and enter a pneumatic separation sealing structure, (b) a schematic diagram of a separation start of the projectile holder and the projectile under the action of gas pressure, (c) a schematic diagram of a state that the projectile holder and the projectile fly to an outlet of the pneumatic separation sealing structure and are completely separated, and (d) a schematic diagram of a structure that the projectile holder strikes a blocking plate after the projectile holder and the rupture of the membrane of the projectile penetrate through the pneumatic separation sealing structure, and the projectile penetrates through the blocking plate and strikes a target plate.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the pneumatic separation seal arrangement of the present invention.

Wherein, 1-gun barrel, 2-pneumatic separating cylinder, 3-digital display pressure gauge, 4-pressure sensor, 5-gas injection hole, 6-target chamber, 7-screw A, 8-flange A, 9-plastic diaphragm A, 10-O type sealing ring A, 11-O type sealing ring B, 12-plastic diaphragm B, 13-flange B, 14-screw B, 15-barrier plate, 16-target plate, 17-bullet holder, 18-bullet pill

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.