阅读说明：本技术 灭火装置以及搭载有该灭火装置的车辆 (Fire extinguishing device and vehicle equipped with same ) 是由 成澤怜 梅津真门 砂原弘幸 高桥幸司 大木健二 高桥宏幸 津田贵之 近藤学 于 2020-03-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的灭火装置包括：药剂容器(21),其填充有灭火药剂；加压容器(22),其填充有用于对药剂容器(21)内进行加压的气体；电动阀(21a),其用于使药剂容器(21)的放出口开放；起爆器(22a),其用于使加压容器(22)的放出口开放；喷嘴(24),其设置于发动机舱(13)内；配管(27),其使药剂容器(21)的放出口与喷嘴(24)连通；温度传感器(25),其检测发动机舱(13)内的温度；以及控制单元(23),其与温度传感器(25)电连接,基于温度传感器(25)的检测结果,至少使起爆器(22a)进行工作,其中,在起爆器(22a)工作之后,电动阀(21a)具有时间差地进行动作,在直到药剂容器(21)的放出口开放为止的期间,从加压容器(22)供给的气体的压力蓄积于药剂容器(21)内。(The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention comprises: a chemical container (21) filled with a fire extinguishing chemical; a pressurizing container (22) filled with a gas for pressurizing the inside of the drug container (21); an electric valve (21a) for opening the discharge opening of the drug container (21); an initiator (22a) for opening a discharge port of the pressurized container (22); a nozzle (24) provided in the engine compartment (13); a pipe (27) for connecting the discharge opening of the drug container (21) to the nozzle (24); a temperature sensor (25) that detects the temperature inside the engine compartment (13); and a control unit (23) which is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (25) and which operates at least the initiator (22a) on the basis of the detection result of the temperature sensor (25), wherein the electrically operated valve (21a) operates with a time difference after the initiator (22a) has operated, and the pressure of the gas supplied from the pressurized container (22) is accumulated in the medicine container (21) until the discharge port of the medicine container (21) is opened.)

1. A fire suppression apparatus, comprising:

a chemical container filled with a fire extinguishing chemical;

a pressurized container filled with a gas for pressurizing the inside of the medicine container;

a first working unit for opening an outlet port of the medicine container;

a second working unit for opening a discharge port of the pressurized container;

a nozzle provided in a protection area as an object of fire extinguishing;

a pipe for connecting the discharge port of the medicine container to the nozzle;

a detection unit that detects at least one of heat, smoke, and flame generated within the protection zone; and

a control unit electrically connected to the detection unit, and configured to operate at least the second working member based on a detection result of the detection unit,

wherein the fire extinguishing apparatus is constituted such that: the first operating unit operates with a time difference after the second operating member has operated, and the pressure of the gas supplied from the pressurized container is accumulated in the medicine container until the discharge port of the medicine container is opened.

2. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the control unit is configured to operate the electrically operated valve based on the elapse of time.

3. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the medicine container includes a sealing plate as the first operation unit, and the sealing plate is broken by a pressure in the medicine container.

4. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the device is provided with a rupture disk as the first working unit, and the rupture disk is ruptured by the pressure in the medicine container.

5. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the control unit may be configured to cause the initiator to ignite based on a lapse of time.

6. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the control unit may fire the initiator based on a detection result of the detection unit.

7. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the pressure in the medicine container is 1MPa or more during a period from when the second operating member is operated until the discharge port of the medicine container is opened.

8. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 7,

the apparatus is provided with a plurality of the above-mentioned pressurized containers having an internal volume of 1 deciliter or less.

9. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the fire extinguishing agent filled in the agent container is powder containing more than 90% of ammonium phosphate.

10. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the nozzle is provided with an inner space which gradually expands, and a slit-shaped ejection opening which opens at the end of the inner space, and the ejection opening has a constant width from one end to the other end.

11. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 1,

the nozzle includes an inner space that gradually expands, and a slit-shaped ejection opening that opens at a distal end of the inner space, and a width of a central portion of the ejection opening is wider than widths of other portions.

12. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11,

further comprising an operation panel electrically connected to the control unit, the operation panel comprising: a notification unit for visually and/or audibly notifying the occurrence of a fire; and a starting unit for outputting a signal to the control unit, wherein the control unit operates at least the second working member based on the signal output from the operation panel.

13. A vehicle having the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 12 mounted thereon, wherein the nozzle is provided in the protected area inside the vehicle, and the operation panel is disposed in the vicinity of a driver's seat.

14. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein,

the vehicle is a bus or a double-decker bus and the protected area is an engine compartment.

15. The vehicle according to claim 14, wherein,

the protected area includes at least one of a graphite cleaning device chamber, a preheater chamber, and a battery chamber in addition to the engine compartment.

16. A fire suppression apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of medicament containers filled with an extinguishing medicament;

a plurality of pressurized containers corresponding to the plurality of medicine containers, respectively, the pressurized containers being filled with a gas for pressurizing the inside of the medicine containers;

a plurality of first operation units corresponding to the plurality of medicine containers, respectively, the first operation units being configured to open the discharge ports of the medicine containers;

a plurality of second working units corresponding to the plurality of pressurized containers, respectively, the second working units being configured to open discharge ports of the pressurized containers;

a plurality of nozzles provided in one protection area as an object of fire extinguishing;

a plurality of pipes corresponding to the plurality of medicine containers, respectively, the pipes connecting the discharge ports of the medicine containers to the nozzles;

a detection unit that detects at least one of heat, smoke, and flame generated within the protection zone; and

a control unit electrically connected to the detection unit, and configured to operate at least the second working member based on a detection result of the detection unit,

wherein the fire extinguishing apparatus is constituted such that: the first operating unit operates with a time difference after the second operating member has operated, and the pressure of the gas supplied from the pressurized container is accumulated in the medicine container until the discharge port of the medicine container is opened.

17. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the amount of fire extinguishing agent filled in at least one of the plurality of agent containers is 3kg or less.

18. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

at least one of the plurality of pipes has a total length of more than 4 m.

19. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 18,

the number of bent portions and/or branched portions of the pipe between the discharge port of the medicine container and the nozzle is 9 or less.

20. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the control unit is configured to operate the electrically operated valve based on the elapse of time.

21. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the medicine container includes a sealing plate as the first operation unit, and the sealing plate is broken by a pressure in the medicine container.

22. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the device is provided with a rupture disk as the first working unit, and the rupture disk is ruptured by the pressure in the medicine container.

23. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the control unit may be configured to cause the initiator to ignite based on a lapse of time.

24. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the control unit may fire the initiator based on a detection result of the detection unit.

25. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the pressure in the medicine container is 1MPa or more during a period from when the second operating member is operated until the discharge port of the medicine container is opened.

26. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 25,

the internal volume of the pressurized container is 1 deciliter or less.

27. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the fire extinguishing agent filled in the agent container is powder containing more than 90% of ammonium phosphate.

28. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the nozzle is provided with an inner space which gradually expands, and a slit-shaped ejection opening which opens at the end of the inner space, and the ejection opening has a constant width from one end to the other end.

29. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 16,

the nozzle includes an inner space that gradually expands, and a slit-shaped ejection opening that opens at a distal end of the inner space, and a width of a central portion of the ejection opening is wider than widths of other portions.

30. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11,

further comprising an operation panel electrically connected to the control unit, the operation panel comprising: a notification unit for visually and/or audibly notifying the occurrence of a fire; and a starting unit for outputting a signal to the control unit, wherein the control unit operates at least the second working member based on the signal output from the operation panel.

31. A vehicle having the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 30 mounted thereon, wherein the plurality of nozzles are provided in one of the protection areas in the vehicle, and the operation panel is disposed in the vicinity of a driver's seat.

32. The vehicle according to claim 31, wherein,

the vehicle is a bus or a double-decker bus and the protected area is an engine compartment.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing apparatus having both a pressurized type and a stored pressure type, and a vehicle having the fire extinguishing apparatus mounted thereon.

Background

A general fire extinguisher mainly includes a chemical container filled with a fire extinguishing chemical, an operation lever for opening a discharge port of the chemical container, a hose connected to the discharge port of the chemical container, and a nozzle attached to a tip end of the hose. When the operation lever is operated, the discharge port of the chemical container is opened, and the fire extinguishing chemical is discharged from the discharge port to the hose and the nozzle by the internal pressure of the chemical container.

A general fire extinguisher is classified into a pressurized type and a pressure storage type based on a method of applying internal pressure to a chemical container. The pressurized fire extinguisher includes a pressurized container different from the chemical container. The pressurized container is filled with a gas for pressurizing the inside of the medicine container. When the operating lever of the pressurized fire extinguisher is operated, the pressurized container and the chemical container are simultaneously opened. The gas discharged from the pressurized container raises the internal pressure of the chemical container while stirring the fire extinguishing chemical. On the other hand, in the pressure-storing fire extinguisher, the internal pressure of the chemical container is increased by filling gas into the chemical container in advance.

Here, japan joined 1998 "agreement on type recognition and mutual approval of united nations vehicles and devices and the like (agreement in 1958)". As of 6 months 2014, 1958 agreements stipulated 132 regulations (UN/ECE regulations) relating to the construction and installation of automobiles. The "double-decker bus structure" of the regulation number R107 therein stipulates that a fire extinguishing apparatus satisfying a prescribed performance condition is provided in the engine compartment of the bus. The above-described fire extinguisher is used in a conventional fire extinguisher for a passenger compartment of a bus.

For example, japanese patent laying-open No. 8-215333 (patent document 1) discloses a fire extinguishing device for an engine compartment of a bus that employs a basic structure of a pressurized fire extinguisher. The fire extinguishing apparatus of patent document 1 has the following structure: the fire extinguishing chemical in the chemical container is supplied to the nozzle by the air pressure of the air tank. An air tank used for braking of the bus may be used as the air tank.

Further, Japanese unexamined patent publication Hei 5-18550 (patent document 2) discloses a fire extinguishing apparatus for an engine compartment of a bus, which directly uses a general fire extinguisher. The fire extinguishing device of patent document 2 includes a warning device and a fire extinguishing switch in a driver seat of a bus. The driver of the bus manually operates the fire extinguishing switch based on the alarm issued from the alarm device. Thereby, the operation lever of the fire extinguisher provided in the engine compartment is automatically operated.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 8-215333

Patent document 2: japanese Kokai publication Hei-5-18550

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

< problem of pressurized equation >

The basic structure of a pressure fire extinguisher has a problem that a sufficient pressure cannot be obtained in the case of a fire extinguisher for an engine compartment used in a bus. The first reason is that the pressurized fire extinguisher starts to supply gas from the pressurized container and the discharge port of the chemical container is opened. Therefore, the pressure of the gas supplied into the medicine container is lost by opening the discharge port of the medicine container. The second reason is that the bus is designed to have no extra space, and the space for mounting the fire extinguishing apparatus is limited. Thus, the volume and number of pressurized containers are limited. The third reason is that the engine compartment of the bus is located at the rearmost part of the vehicle, and the medicine container and the pressurized container are not necessarily provided in the vicinity of the engine compartment. When the installation positions of the chemical container and the pressurized container are far from the engine compartment, the piping up to the nozzle becomes long, and the internal pressure is lost until the fire extinguishing chemical reaches the nozzle. For this reason, the pressure required to discharge the sufficient fire extinguishing agent cannot be obtained with the basic structure of the pressurized fire extinguisher, and a fire occurring in the engine compartment of the bus cannot be extinguished in a short time. It is difficult to satisfy the fire extinguishing test conditions specified by UN/ECE code No. R107 with the basic configuration of the pressurized type fire extinguisher.

< problem of pressure storage >

As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that it is effective to set the internal pressure of the chemical container to at least 1MPa in order to satisfy the conditions of the fire extinguishing test specified by UN/ECE code No. R107. The internal pressure of the chemical container can be set to 1MPa or more in advance by adopting the basic structure of the pressure-storing fire extinguisher. However, when the internal pressure of the chemical container is 1MPa or more, the fire extinguishing apparatus is restricted by the japanese high-pressure gas safety law. Therefore, it is not practical to use a chemical container stored at a pressure of 1MPa or more in a fire extinguishing apparatus for an engine room of a bus.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fire extinguishing apparatus having both the characteristics of a pressurized type and a stored pressure type, and a vehicle having the fire extinguishing apparatus mounted thereon.

Means for solving the problems

(1) In order to achieve the above object, a fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention includes: a chemical container filled with a fire extinguishing chemical; a pressurized container filled with a gas for pressurizing the inside of the medicine container; a first working unit for opening an outlet port of the medicine container; a second working unit for opening a discharge port of the pressurized container; a nozzle provided in a protection area as an object of fire extinguishing; a pipe for connecting the discharge port of the medicine container to the nozzle; a detection unit that detects at least one of heat, smoke, and flame generated within the protection zone; and a control unit electrically connected to the detection unit and configured to operate at least the second operating member based on a detection result of the detection unit, wherein the fire extinguishing apparatus is configured to: the first operating unit operates with a time difference after the second operating member has operated, and the pressure of the gas supplied from the pressurized container is accumulated in the medicine container until the discharge port of the medicine container is opened.

(2) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to (1) above includes an electrically operated valve as the first operating means, and the control means operates the electrically operated valve based on the elapse of time.

(3) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (1) further includes a sealing plate as the first operation unit, the sealing plate being broken by a pressure in the chemical container.

(4) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (1) includes a rupture disk as the first operating means, and the rupture disk is ruptured by a pressure in the chemical container.

(5) Preferably, the fire extinguishing device according to (1) above includes an initiator as the first operating means, and the control means ignites the initiator based on the elapse of time.

(6) Preferably, the fire extinguishing device according to (1) above includes an initiator as the second operating means, and the control means ignites the initiator based on a detection result of the detection means.

(7) In the fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of the above (1) to (6), the pressure in the chemical container is preferably 1MPa or more during a period from when the second actuating member is operated until the discharge port of the chemical container is opened.

(8) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (7) further includes a plurality of the above-described pressurized containers having an internal volume of 1 deciliter or less.

(9) Preferably, in any one of the fire extinguishing apparatuses according to the above (1) to (8), the fire extinguishing agent filled in the agent container is a powder containing 90% or more of ammonium phosphate.

(10) Preferably, in any one of the fire extinguishing apparatuses according to the above (1) to (9), the nozzle includes an internal space that gradually expands, and a slit-shaped injection port that opens at a distal end of the internal space, and the injection port has a constant width from one end to the other end.

(11) Preferably, in any one of the fire extinguishing apparatuses according to the above (1) to (9), the nozzle includes an inner space gradually expanding and a slit-shaped injection port opening at a distal end of the inner space, and a width of a central portion of the injection port is wider than widths of other portions.

(12) Preferably, in any one of the fire extinguishing apparatuses (1) to (11), the fire extinguishing apparatus further includes an operation panel electrically connected to the control unit, the operation panel including: a notification unit for visually and/or audibly notifying the occurrence of a fire; and a starting unit for outputting a signal to the control unit, wherein the control unit operates at least the second working member based on the signal output from the operation panel.

(13) In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle according to the present invention is a vehicle mounted with the fire extinguishing apparatus described in (12) above, wherein the nozzle is provided in the protected area inside the vehicle, and the operation panel is disposed in the vicinity of a driver's seat.

(14) Preferably, the vehicle of (13) above is a bus or a double-deck bus, and the protected area is an engine compartment.

(15) Preferably, the protected area of the above (14) further includes at least one of a graphite purification device chamber, a preheater chamber, and a battery chamber, in addition to the engine compartment.

(16) In order to achieve the above object, a fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention includes: a plurality of medicament containers filled with an extinguishing medicament; a plurality of pressurized containers corresponding to the plurality of medicine containers, respectively, the pressurized containers being filled with a gas for pressurizing the inside of the medicine containers; a plurality of first operation units corresponding to the plurality of medicine containers, respectively, the first operation units being configured to open the discharge ports of the medicine containers; a plurality of second working units corresponding to the plurality of pressurized containers, respectively, the second working units being configured to open discharge ports of the pressurized containers; a plurality of nozzles provided in one protection area as an object of fire extinguishing; a plurality of pipes corresponding to the plurality of medicine containers, respectively, the pipes connecting the discharge ports of the medicine containers to the nozzles; a detection unit that detects at least one of heat, smoke, and flame generated within the protection zone; and a control unit electrically connected to the detection unit and configured to operate at least the second operating member based on a detection result of the detection unit, wherein the fire extinguishing apparatus is configured to: the first operating unit operates with a time difference after the second operating member has operated, and the pressure of the gas supplied from the pressurized container is accumulated in the medicine container until the discharge port of the medicine container is opened.

(17) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16), an amount of the fire extinguishing agent filled in at least one of the plurality of agent containers is 3kg or less.

(18) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16), at least one of the plurality of pipes has a total length exceeding 4 m.

(19) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (18), the number of the bent portions and/or the branched portions of the pipe from the discharge port of the chemical container to the nozzle is 9 or less.

(20) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16) further includes an electrically operated valve as the first operating means, and the control means operates the electrically operated valve based on the elapse of time.

(21) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16) further includes a sealing plate as the first operation unit, the sealing plate being broken by a pressure in the chemical container.

(22) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16) further includes a rupture disk as the first operating means, the rupture disk being ruptured by a pressure in the chemical container.

(23) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16) further includes an initiator as the first operating means, and the control means ignites the initiator based on the elapse of time.

(24) Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16) further includes an initiator as the second operating means, and the control means ignites the initiator based on a detection result of the detecting means.

(25) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16), the pressure in the chemical container is 1MPa or more during a period from when the second operating member operates until the discharge port of the chemical container is opened.

(26) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (25), an inner volume of the pressure vessel is 1 deciliter or less.

(27) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16), the fire extinguishing agent filled in the agent container is a powder containing 90% or more of ammonium phosphate.

(28) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16), the nozzle includes an inner space that gradually expands, and a slit-shaped injection port that opens at a distal end of the inner space, and the injection port has a fixed width from one end to the other end.

(29) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (16), the nozzle includes an inner space that gradually expands, and a slit-shaped injection port that opens at a distal end of the inner space, and a width of a central portion of the injection port is wider than widths of other portions.

(30) Preferably, in any one of the fire extinguishing apparatuses (16) to (29), the fire extinguishing apparatus further includes an operation panel electrically connected to the control unit, the operation panel including: a notification unit for visually and/or audibly notifying the occurrence of a fire; and a starting unit for outputting a signal to the control unit, wherein the control unit operates at least the second working member based on the signal output from the operation panel.

(31) In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle according to the present invention is a vehicle mounted with the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the above (30), wherein the plurality of nozzles are provided in one of the protection areas in the vehicle, and the operation panel is disposed in the vicinity of a driver's seat.

(32) Preferably, the vehicle of the above (31) is a bus or a double-deck bus, and the protected area is an engine room.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

In the fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention, the discharge port of the chemical container is opened with a time difference after the gas is supplied from the pressurized container into the chemical container. The pressure of the gas supplied from the pressurized container is accumulated in the medicine container until the discharge port of the medicine container is opened. Accordingly, the internal pressure of the chemical container is 1MPa or more, and a sufficient amount of the fire extinguishing chemical can be discharged from a nozzle provided in a place remote from the chemical container, for example, in an engine compartment of a bus.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a bus on which a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a first embodiment is mounted.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing a fire extinguishing apparatus of the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing a control process of the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 5 shows a nozzle constituting a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a first embodiment, fig. 5 (a) is a front view, fig. 5 (b) is a bottom view, fig. 5 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 5 (a), and fig. 5 (d) is a side view showing a discharge state of a fire extinguishing agent.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a second embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a fire extinguishing apparatus main body constituting a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a second embodiment.

Fig. 8 (a) is a graph showing pressure waveforms of the first chemical container and the first pipe constituting the fire extinguishing apparatus of the second embodiment, and fig. 8 (b) is a graph showing pressure waveforms of the second chemical container and the second pipe constituting the fire extinguishing apparatus of the second embodiment.

Fig. 9 (a) is a graph showing pressure waveforms of a single chemical container and a single pipe constituting the fire extinguishing apparatus of the first embodiment, and fig. 9 (b) is a graph showing pressure waveforms of a second chemical container and a second pipe constituting the fire extinguishing apparatus of the second embodiment.

Detailed Description

Next, a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a vehicle having the fire extinguishing apparatus mounted thereon will be described with reference to the drawings.

1. Arrangement of fire extinguishing devices

As shown in fig. 1, a fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to a first embodiment is mounted inside a bus 1, which is a large vehicle, and is intended to extinguish a fire occurring in an engine compartment 13. Electric power for operating the fire extinguishing device 2 is supplied from a battery, not shown, of the bus 1. The fire extinguishing apparatus 2 is mainly composed of a fire extinguishing apparatus main body 20, 4 nozzles 24, 2 temperature sensors (thermal detection means) 25, an operation panel 26, a pipe 27, and wiring 28.

The fire extinguishing device main body 20 is provided in the luggage compartment 12 of the bus 1, for example. The nozzle 24 and the temperature sensor 25 are both provided in the engine compartment 13 of the bus 1. The operation panel 26 is disposed near the driver seat 11 of the bus 1. The fire extinguishing device body 20 includes a chemical container 21 and a control unit 23 shown in fig. 2. The medicine container 21 communicates with the nozzle 24 in the engine compartment 13 from the luggage compartment 12 via the pipe 27. The control unit 23 is electrically connected to a temperature sensor 25 in the engine compartment 13 from the luggage compartment 12 via a wiring 28. The control unit 23 is electrically connected to an operation panel 26 near the driver's seat 11 from the luggage compartment 12 via a wiring 28. In fig. 1 and 2, the pipe 27 is shown by a solid line, and the wiring 28 is shown by a dotted line.

2. Structure of fire extinguishing device

First, the components of the fire extinguishing apparatus main body 20 will be described. As shown in fig. 2, the fire extinguishing device main body 20 includes a chemical container 21, an electric valve (first operation unit) 21a, 2 pressurized containers 22, an initiator (second operation unit) 22a, and a control unit 23.

< medicinal preparation Container >

The drug container 21 is a completely sealable tank capable of withstanding an internal pressure of 1MPa or more. The material of the medicament container 21 is preferably metal, in particular aluminum. Aluminum has the advantages of light weight, excellent durability, and easy recycling.

The chemical container 21 is filled with the fire extinguishing chemical at normal pressure. The fire extinguishing agent is not particularly limited, and may be water, a reinforcing liquid, foam, gas, powder, or the like. The present inventors believe that the powdered fire extinguishing agent is particularly suitable for extinguishing fires occurring in the engine compartment 13. This is because the powdered fire extinguishing agent can be diffused in the environment in the engine compartment 13 where the ventilation opening and the ventilation fan are provided, and can extinguish the fire in the entire area in the engine compartment 13. The fire extinguishing agent preferably comprises ammonium phosphate. The ammonium phosphate has the functions of preventing reburning and catalyzing, and has high fire extinguishing capacity for common fire and oil fire. The content of ammonium phosphate is at least about 40%, and more preferably 90% or more. Alternatively, the chemical container 21 may be filled with the fire extinguishing chemical and then filled with a gas to pressurize the chemical container 21 to an internal pressure of less than 1 Mpa. With this configuration, the amount of gas discharged from the medicine container 21 can be increased. The gas filled in the drug container 21 may be air, but carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or a mixed gas thereof, which is an inert gas, is more preferable.

< electrically operated valve >

The agent container 21 has a discharge port for discharging the fire extinguishing agent. The discharge port of the medicine container 21 is coupled to the inlet of the electric valve 21 a. The outlet of the motor-operated valve 21a is coupled to the inlet of a pipe 27 communicating with the nozzle 24. The motor-operated valve 21a includes a motor for opening and closing the valve. The motor of the motor-operated valve 21a is electrically connected to the control unit 23 via a wiring 28. As the motor-operated valve 21a, for example, a ball valve configured to rotate a spherical valve by 90 ° by electric control is used.

< pressurized vessel >

The pressurizing container 22 is a small-sized pressure container having an internal volume of 1 dl or less, which is not restricted by the japanese high-pressure gas safety law, and is filled with gas for pressurizing the interior of the medicine container 21. The fire extinguishing apparatus 2 of the present embodiment is configured to pressurize the interior of the chemical container 21 using 2 pressurizing containers 22. The discharge port of each pressurized container 22 communicates with the inside of the medicine container 21 via the initiator 22a and the pipe 27. Each pressurized container 22 is filled with, for example, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or a mixed gas thereof as an inert gas. In the first embodiment, the medicine container 21 can be pressurized to 1MPa or more by the total amount of the gas supplied from the 2 pressurizing containers 22. The filling pressure of the pressurized container 22 is preferably in the range of 20Mpa to 30 Mpa. For example, in the first embodiment, the inert gas is filled in the pressurized container 22 at a filling pressure of 26 Mpa.

< initiator >

The discharge ports of the 2 pressurized containers 22 are closed by closure plates, not shown. An initiator 22a for breaking the sealing plate is incorporated at the discharge port of each pressurized container 22. The initiator 22a is an electric ignition type igniter. Each initiator 22a is electrically connected to the control unit 23 via a wiring 28. The initiator 22a explodes the gunpowder by means of the current supplied from the control unit 23, thereby moving a mechanical element (e.g., a needle) for breaking the closing plate. This instantaneously breaks the sealing plate, and gas is supplied into the medicine container 21 from the discharge port of each pressurized container 22.

< control means >

All actions of the fire extinguishing device 2 are controlled by the control unit 23. The control unit 23 executes a circuit diagnosis 23a, a temperature alarm determination 23b, an automatic start determination 23c, a start control 23d, a circuit reset 23e, a lamp control 23f, and a sound control 23g shown in fig. 3. The control processing by the control unit 23 is specifically described later with reference to fig. 4.

< operating Panel >

The operating panel 26 is a user interface of the fire extinguishing device 2, enabling remote operation of the fire extinguishing device 2 by the driver of the bus 1 and providing system information and warnings to the driver of the bus 1. The operation panel 26 includes a power lamp 26a, an automatic start lamp 26b, a manual start lamp 26c, a system abnormality alarm lamp 26d, an open alarm lamp 26e, a temperature alarm lamp 26f, a start lamp 26g, an automatic start switch 26h, a manual start switch 26i, a reset switch 26j, a buzzer sound stop switch 26k, and a speaker 26m, which are shown in fig. 3. The operation of the operation panel 26 will be specifically described later together with the control processing of the control unit 23 with reference to fig. 4.

< nozzle >

As shown in fig. 2, the 4 nozzles 24 are coupled to an outlet of a pipe 27 communicating with the discharge port of the medicine container 21 via an electric valve 21 a. It is desirable to dispose each nozzle 24 at a position where fire extinguishing is most effective, for example, according to the layout of the engine 131, the ventilation opening, the ventilation fan, and the like in the engine compartment 13. For example, each nozzle 24 of the first embodiment is disposed above the engine 131 at equal intervals in the engine compartment 13.

Fig. 5 (a) to (d) show a specific configuration of the nozzle 24 used in the first embodiment. In fig. 5 (a) and (b), the nozzle 24 is composed of a first member 241 and a second member 242 made of metal. The nozzle 24 has a regular hexagonal shape similar to a bolt or a nut, and can be attached to the outlet of the pipe 27 using a common tool such as a wrench or a socket wrench.

The first member 241 constitutes a main body of the nozzle 24, and includes a male screw 241a and a through hole 241 b. The male screw 241a is screwed into a female screw provided inside the outlet of the pipe 27. The through hole 241b penetrates the first member 241 in the longitudinal direction (the left-right direction in fig. 5 (a) and (b)).

The second member 242 has a slit 242a formed on an outlet side (opposite to the male screw 241a in fig. 5 (a) and (b)) of the through hole 241b of the first member 241. The width W of the slit 242a is set to be, for example, in the range of 3mm to 6 mm. As shown in fig. 5 (c), the depth of the slit 242a is defined by a V-shaped wall 242 b. The opening angle of the V-shaped wall 242b is set to be in the range of 60 ° to 90 °. The radially thin lines extending downward in fig. 5 (d) show the range of the fire extinguishing agent discharged from the slit 242 a. The fire extinguishing agent spreads radially from the slits 242a and is also discharged directly below the slits 242 a.

Here, the nozzle 24 shown in fig. 5 (d) is provided such that the slit 242a is vertically downward, but the configuration is not limited thereto. First, the orientation of the nozzle 24 is not limited to the vertical downward direction, but is preferably arranged to be inclined within a range of +15 ° to +45 ° or-15 ° to-45 ° from the vertical direction. The inventors of the present invention have conducted experiments and have confirmed that the nozzle 24 has a higher fire extinguishing effect when it is disposed in an inclined manner in a range of +15 ° to +45 ° or-15 ° to-45 ° than when it is disposed in the vertical direction of lead. Second, the orientation of the plurality of nozzles 24 may be different from one another. For example, in the first embodiment, the orientations of the 4 nozzles 24 shown in fig. 2 are alternately arranged obliquely at +30 ° and-30 °.

In the first embodiment, the width W of the slit 242a is fixed, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the width of the central portion of the slit 242a may be set to be wider than the width of the other portions, thereby characterizing the distribution range of the fire extinguishing agent.

< temperature sensor >

The 2 temperature sensors 25 are, for example, thermistors, and are provided at predetermined intervals in the engine compartment 13. Each temperature sensor 25 is electrically connected to the control unit 23 via a heat-resistant wire. Each temperature sensor 25 constantly detects the temperature of the air in the engine compartment 13, and transmits the detection result to the control unit 23.

3. Control process for fire extinguishing apparatus

Next, a control process of the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 will be described with reference to fig. 3 and 4. As already mentioned, all actions of the fire extinguishing device 2 are controlled by the control unit 23. The driver of the bus 1 can remotely operate the fire extinguishing device 2 through the operation panel 26 and can sense system information and an alarm.

In the following description, names of control processes of the control unit 23 are shown as marks 23a to 23g of fig. 3. The lights, switches, and speakers of the operation panel 26 are shown as reference numerals 26a to 26m of fig. 3. The flow of the control process of the control unit 23 is shown as steps S1 to S20 of fig. 4. Next, the control processing of the control unit 23 will be described with reference to the labels of fig. 2 and 3, and along steps S1 to S20 of fig. 4.

< Circuit diagnosis >

The fire extinguishing device 2 operates using electric power supplied from a battery, not shown, of the bus 1. In step S1, when the driver of the bus 1 turns on the main switch 11a, the control unit 23 is activated to execute the circuit diagnosis 23a of step S2. In step S2, the control unit 23 determines whether there is a system abnormality and a disconnection. If it is determined that neither system abnormality nor disconnection is present ("no"), the control unit 23 proceeds to step S3 to turn on the power lamp 26a of the operation panel 26. After that, the control unit 23 proceeds to step S7 to execute the temperature alarm determination 23 b.

On the other hand, when it is determined in step S2 that there is a system abnormality ("yes"), the control unit 23 proceeds to step S4 to light the system abnormality warning lamp 26d of the operation panel 26 and output a buzzer sound from the speaker 26 m. If it is determined that there is a disconnection ("yes"), the control unit 23 proceeds to step S5 to turn on the disconnection warning lamp 26e of the operation panel 26 and output a buzzer sound from the speaker 26 m.

The buzzer sound of steps S4 and S5 is stopped by turning on the buzzer sound stop switch 26k of the operation panel 26 (steps S18 to S20). In the case where the system abnormality and the disconnection are released, when the reset switch 26j of the operation panel 26 is set to on (step S16), the control unit 23 performs the processing of the circuit reset 23e (step S17). After that, the control unit 23 starts the circuit diagnosis 23a of step S2 again.

< temperature alarm determination >

In the temperature alarm determination 23b of step S7, the control unit 23 determines whether or not the temperature in the engine compartment 13 detected by the 2 temperature sensors 25 (step S6) is equal to or higher than a predetermined first set temperature. The first set temperature is a threshold value for detecting the occurrence stage of a fire. The first set temperature is preferably a temperature in the range of 100 to 120 ℃. If the temperature in the engine compartment 13 is lower than the first set temperature ("no"), the control unit 23 repeats the temperature alarm determination 23b of step S7.

On the other hand, if the temperature in the engine compartment 13 is equal to or higher than the first set temperature in step S7 (yes), the control unit 23 proceeds to step S8 to turn on the temperature warning lamp 26f of the operation panel 26 and output a buzzer sound from the speaker 26 m. After that, the control unit 23 proceeds to step S10 to execute the automatic start determination 23 c.

< automatic Start judgment >

In the automatic start determination 23c of step S10, first, the control unit 23 determines whether the automatic start switch 26h of the operation panel 26 is on (step S9). When determining that the automatic start switch 26h is turned on (yes), the control unit 23 determines whether or not the temperature in the engine compartment 13 detected by the 2 temperature sensors 25 is equal to or higher than a predetermined second set temperature (step S11). The second set temperature is a threshold value for detecting an initial stage of a fire. The second set temperature can be set to a value exceeding the first set temperature, for example, to a value in the range of 140 ℃ to 200 ℃, preferably 170 ℃. If the temperature in the engine compartment 13 is lower than the second set temperature ("no"), the control unit 23 repeats the automatic start determination 23c of step S10. Thereafter, when the temperature in the engine compartment 13 becomes equal to or higher than the second set temperature ("yes"), the control unit 23 executes the start-up control 23d of step S13.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S10 that the automatic start switch 26h is not turned on (no), the control unit 23 repeats the temperature alarm determination 23b of step S7. In this case, as long as the reset switch 26j and the buzzer sound stop switch 26k of the operation panel 26 are not operated, the lighting of the temperature warning lamp 26f and the output of the buzzer sound of step S8 are continuously performed.

< Start-Up control >

The start control 23d of step S13 is executed when the automatic start switch 26h or the manual start switch 26i of the operation panel 26 is turned on. That is, when the automatic start switch 26h of the operation panel 26 is turned on and the temperature in the engine compartment 13 becomes equal to or higher than the second set temperature (step S10), the control unit 23 executes the start control 23d of step S13. In addition, in the case where the manual start switch 26i is turned on (step S12), the control unit 23 unconditionally executes the start control 23d of step S13.

In step S13, first, the control unit 23 supplies current to each of the 2 initiators 22 a. By this current, each initiator 22a operates instantaneously, and the sealing plate that seals the discharge port of each pressurized container 22 is broken. Thereby, the gas filled in each pressurized container 22 is supplied into the medicine container 21.

In step S13, the control unit 23 counts a preset time. This time is a standby time from the supply of the electric current to the initiator 22a to the opening operation of the motor-operated valve 21 a. The standby time can be set to 2 seconds or more, for example. Until the 2-second timer is completed, the pressure of the gas supplied from each pressurized container 22 is accumulated in the medicine container 21. In the first embodiment, the internal pressure of the medicine container 21 is 1MPa or more, preferably 1.5MPa or more, before the end of the 2 second timer.

When the count of 2 seconds is completed in step S13, the control unit 23 sends a signal to the motor of the motor-operated valve 21a to open the valve. Thereby, the fire extinguishing agent in the agent container 21 pressurized to 1MPa or more is supplied to the 4 nozzles 24 through the pipes 27. The fire extinguishing agent is uniformly discharged from each nozzle 24 toward the engine 131 provided in the engine compartment 13 (step S14).

When the activation control 23d of step S13 is executed, the control unit 23 turns on the activation lamp 26g of the operation panel 26 and outputs a buzzer sound from the speaker 26m (step S15). The buzzer sound of step S15 is stopped by turning on the buzzer sound stop switch 26k of the operation panel 26 (steps S18 to S20). After the fire extinguishing in the engine compartment 13 is completed, the chemical container 21, the pressurized containers 22, and the initiators 22a are replaced with new ones, and the reset switch 26j of the operation panel 26 is turned on (step S16). Thereby, the process of the circuit reset 23e is executed (step S17), and the fire extinguishing device 2 can be used again for fire extinguishing in the engine compartment 13 of the bus 1.

4. Effect of fire extinguishing apparatus

The fire extinguishing apparatus 2 of the first embodiment has both the pressurized type and the pressure storage type. Therefore, when the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 is applied to fire extinguishing in the engine compartment 13 of the bus 1, both the operation and effect of the pressurization type and the pressure storage type can be enjoyed.

< Effect of action of pressure storage >

The fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment opens the discharge port of the chemical container 21 with a time difference from the start of gas supply from each pressurized container 22. Thus, the pressure of the gas supplied from each pressurized container 22 is accumulated in the chemical container 21, and a pressure sufficient to suppress a fire occurring in the engine compartment 13 of the bus 1 (for example, the internal pressure of the chemical container 21 is 1MPa or more) can be obtained.

The fire extinguishing apparatus 2 of the first embodiment increases the internal pressure of the chemical container 21 by providing a time difference to the timing of opening each of the pressurized containers 22 and the chemical container 21. Thus, a pressure sufficient to extinguish a fire in the engine compartment 13 can be obtained without increasing the volume and the number of the pressurized containers 22. As a result, the size of the fire extinguishing device body 20 can be reduced, and the fire extinguishing device body 20 can be installed in a relatively small space inside the bus 1.

< Effect of the action of pressurized formula >

The fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment pressurizes the inside of the chemical tank 21 to a high pressure of 1MPa or more only for a short time immediately after a fire breaks out in the engine compartment 13. On the other hand, in a normal state where no fire occurs, the interior of the chemical container 21 is at normal pressure, and the internal volume of each pressurized container 22 is 1 dl or less, which is not restricted by the japanese high-pressure gas safety law. That is, the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 has safety that is not restricted by the high-pressure gas safety law and is not limited by the standards specified by the high-pressure gas safety law.

< effects of operation of nozzle >

According to the configuration of the nozzle 24 shown in fig. 5 (a) to (c), as shown in fig. 5 (d), the fire extinguishing agent is radially spread and discharged from the slit 242a and is also discharged directly below the slit 242 a. This enables the fire extinguishing agent to be discharged from directly above the engine 131 toward directly below the engine, thereby effectively extinguishing a fire occurring in the engine compartment 13.

5. Others

The fire extinguishing device of the present invention and the vehicle mounted with the fire extinguishing device are not limited to the configuration of the first embodiment described above.

The vehicle on which the fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention is mounted is not limited to the bus 1 shown in fig. 1. The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention can be widely applied to large-sized vehicles such as freight vehicles, railway vehicles, construction vehicles, agricultural vehicles, industrial vehicles, and the like, or airplanes.

The protection area of the fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention to be protected from fire is not limited to the engine compartment of the vehicle. For example, in the bus 1 shown in fig. 1, the graphite cleaning device chamber 14, the preheater chamber 15, a battery chamber not shown, and the like may be used as a guard space in addition to the engine compartment 13, and the nozzle 24 and the temperature sensor 25 may be provided in each of a plurality of guard spaces. In addition, the number of nozzles 24 and temperature sensors 25 provided in one or more guard areas is not limited to the first embodiment described above. As long as the number of nozzles 24 and temperature sensors 25 suitable for extinguishing a fire in each of the one or more zones is configured. In the bus 1 shown in fig. 1, the installation place of the fire extinguishing device main body 20 is not limited to the luggage room 12. For example, the fire extinguishing device main body 20 may be provided in an empty space in the graphite cleaning device chamber 14 or the preheater chamber 15.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention is not limited to being installed in a vehicle, and may be installed in buildings such as an indoor parking lot, a hospital, a welfare facility, a power transformation facility, a factory, an art gallery, a server room, and a kitchen of a restaurant.

The means for opening the medicine container with a time difference is not limited to the motor-operated valve 21a shown in fig. 2. For example, a sealing plate or a rupture disk that self-ruptures when the internal pressure of the drug container reaches a predetermined pressure may be used. Further, the sealing plate for sealing the discharge port of the medicine container may be broken by the initiator 22a shown in fig. 2.

The temperature sensor constituting the fire extinguishing device is not limited to the thermistor. For example, a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple, a temperature measuring resistor, or a bimetal thermostat may be used.

The sensor for automatically activating the fire extinguishing device is not limited to a temperature sensor, and the fire extinguishing device may be automatically activated by a sensor that detects any of heat, smoke, and flame in the engine compartment 13. The smoke generated in the engine compartment 13 can be detected by an optical sensor including a light emitting portion and a light receiving portion, for example. The flame generated in the engine compartment 13 can be detected by a sensor, such as an ultraviolet or infrared sensor.

6. Second embodiment

Next, a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 6 to 9.

< technical problem >

The fire extinguishing device 2 of the first embodiment described above can obtain a pressure sufficient to extinguish a fire in the engine compartment 13. However, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment is configured to supply a fire extinguishing agent to the plurality of nozzles 24 through a single pipe 27. Therefore, depending on the structure of the actual bus 1 on which the fire extinguishing device 2 is mounted, the overall length of the pipe 27 may need to be increased, and the number of bent portions and branch portions formed in the pipe 27 may need to be increased. In this case, the pressure loss during the period until the fire extinguishing agent reaches the nozzle 24 becomes large. The large pressure loss delays the time until the fire extinguishing agent reaches the nozzle 24, and as a result, delays the start of discharge of the fire extinguishing agent from the nozzle 24. In addition, the large pressure loss causes insufficient diffusion of the fire extinguishing agent discharged from the nozzle 24.

< fire extinguishing apparatus of second embodiment >

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the second embodiment aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problem. To achieve the object, a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a second embodiment includes 2 chemical containers, 2 pressurized containers, 2 first working units, 2 second working units, and 2 pipes for supplying a fire extinguishing chemical to a plurality of nozzles provided in one protected area.

Fig. 6 and 7 show a characteristic structure of the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 of the second embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, the fire extinguishing device 3 includes a fire extinguisher main body 30, a first pipe 37A and a second pipe 37B, and 4 nozzles 24 provided in the engine compartment 13. As shown in fig. 7, the fire extinguisher main body 30 includes a first chemical container 31A and a second chemical container 31B, a first pressurized container 32A and a second pressurized container 32B, a first electric valve 311 and a second electric valve 312, and a first initiator 321 and a second initiator 322.

The fire extinguishing apparatus 3 according to the second embodiment is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 25 and the operation panel 26 shown in fig. 3, as in the first embodiment, and the control unit 23 executes the control processing shown in fig. 4.

In fig. 7, the first and second chemical containers 31A and 31B are filled with a fire extinguishing chemical, respectively. The amount of the fire extinguishing agent filled in each of the first and second agent containers 31A and 31B may be smaller than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent filled in the single agent container 21 of the first embodiment. For example, a single chemical container 21 is filled with 6kg of fire extinguishing chemical. On the other hand, the first chemical container 31A and the second chemical container 31B are filled with 3kg of the fire extinguishing chemical, respectively.

The discharge port of the first medicine container 31A is coupled to the first electric valve 311. The discharge port of the second medicine container 31B is coupled to the second electric valve 312. The first motor-operated valve 311 and the second motor-operated valve 312 have the same configuration as the motor-operated valve 21a of the first embodiment, and include motors for opening and closing the valves. The motors of the first motor-operated valve 311 and the second motor-operated valve 312 are electrically connected to the control unit 23 via the wiring 28.

The first pressurized container 32A and the second pressurized container 32B have the same configuration as the pressurized container 22 of the first embodiment, and are filled with gas for pressurizing the inside of each of the first drug container 31A and the second drug container 31B to 1MPa or more. The discharge ports of the first pressurized container 32A and the second pressurized container 32B are closed by a closure plate, not shown.

The vent of the first pressurized container 32A is coupled to a first detonator 321. The vent port of the second pressurized container 32B is coupled to a second initiator 322. The first initiator 321 and the second initiator 322 are provided with a mechanical element (e.g., a needle) for breaking the sealing plate, as in the first embodiment.

The first initiator 321 can be activated automatically or manually. The first initiator 321 is electrically connected to the control unit 23 via the wiring 28. As in the first embodiment, the control unit 23 is electrically connected to a temperature sensor 25 (see fig. 2) provided in the engine compartment 13. When the temperature in the engine compartment 13 detected by the temperature sensor 25 becomes equal to or higher than the second set temperature (see step S11 in fig. 4), the control unit 23 supplies a current to the first initiator 321. The first initiator 321 is activated by a current supplied from the control unit 23. Further, the first squib 321 is provided with the operation lever 323, and the first squib 321 can be activated by manually operating the operation lever 323.

The second initiator 322 is activated in conjunction with the first initiator 321. The first initiator 321 is coupled to the inlet of the tee 324. The tee 324 has one said inlet and 2 outlets. The first outlet of the T-joint 324 communicates with the interior of the first medicine container 31A via a small-diameter copper pipe 325. The second outlet of the tee 324 is joined to a second initiator 322 via a small diameter copper tube 325. The second initiator 322 communicates with the inside of the second chemical container 31B via a small-diameter copper tube 325.

When the first initiator 321 is activated, the sealing plate that blocks the discharge port of the first pressurized container 32A is broken. Thereby, the gas in the first pressurized container 32A is supplied to the first chemical container 31A and the second initiator 322 via the T-joint 324 and the copper pipe 325. The second initiator 322 is activated when receiving the pressure of the gas supplied from the first pressurized container 32A, and breaks a sealing plate that closes the discharge port of the second pressurized container 32B. Thereby, the gas in the second pressurized container 32B is supplied to the second chemical container 31B via the copper pipe 325.

The first and second chemical containers 31A and 31B are pressurized to 1MPa or more by the gas supplied from the first and second pressurized containers 32A and 32B. Thereafter, the control unit 23 opens the first motor-operated valve 311 and the second motor-operated valve 312 with a time difference from the start of the first squib 321, as in the first embodiment. Thereby, the fire extinguishing agent filled in each of the first agent container 31A and the second agent container 31B is discharged.

In fig. 6, the fire extinguishing agent discharged from the first agent container 31A is supplied to the 2 nozzles 24 provided on the left side of the engine compartment 13 through the first pipe 37A. The fire extinguishing agent discharged from the second agent container 31B is supplied to the 2 nozzles 24 provided on the right side of the engine compartment 13 through the second pipe 37B.

As the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B, for example, copper pipes are preferably used. The copper pipe is excellent in flexibility, and is easy to bend when installed in the internal space of the bus 1. More preferably, copper tubing formed from phosphorous deoxidized copper is used. Phosphorus deoxidized copper does not undergo hydrogen embrittlement even when heated at high temperatures. For example, copper pipes made of phosphorus deoxidized copper having a thickness of 1.0mm, an outer diameter of 19.05mm, an inner diameter of 18.05mm, a maximum working pressure of 6.7MPa, and an allowable tensile stress of 61MPa are used as the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B.

The shorter the total length of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B is, the smaller the pressure loss during the period until the fire extinguishing agent reaches the nozzle 24. For example, when the outer diameters of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B are 19.05mm, the total length of each of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B is preferably 7m or less. Further, if the outer diameters of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B are set to be large, the total length can be set to be more than 7 m.

The circled numerals in fig. 6 indicate the bent portions and the branch portions of the pipes formed in the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B. The bent portion and the branch portion are formed between the inlet and the outlet of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B. The smaller the number of the bent portions and the branched portions, the smaller the pressure loss during the period until the fire extinguishing agent reaches the nozzle 24. The number of bent portions and branched portions formed in each of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B is preferably 9 or less.

As shown by the measurement results of the pressure described below, the pressure loss in the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B until the fire extinguishing agent reaches the nozzle 24 is small. Therefore, a new nozzle 24A provided in a protected area other than the engine compartment 13 may be added to one or both of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B. The newly added nozzle 24A is provided in, for example, the graphite cleaning device chamber 14, the preheater chamber 15, or a battery compartment, not shown, of the bus 1 shown in fig. 1.

< measurement result of pressure >

The pressures of the respective parts of the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment and the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 according to the second embodiment are measured, and the results are compared. The measurement conditions of the pressure are shown in table 1 below.

[ TABLE 1 ]

Wherein "D61" in Table 1 is a filling of 61g of CO sold by Nippon Dry chemical Co., Ltd. (Japanese ドライケミカル Co., Ltd.) (registered trademark)₂And N₂Product name of the tank for pressurizing the mixed gas.

The pressures at 3 positions, i.e., the pipe inlet and the pipe outlet, in the chemical container were measured during the period from the start of the fire extinguishing devices 2 and 3 to the elapse of 7 seconds after the motor-operated valve was opened, as shown in table 1. Fig. 8 (a) shows the measurement results of the first chemical container 31A and the first pipe 37A constituting the fire extinguishing apparatus 3. Fig. 8 (B) shows the measurement results of the second chemical container 31B and the second pipe 37B constituting the fire extinguishing apparatus 3. Fig. 9 (a) shows the measurement results of a single chemical container 21 and a single pipe 27 constituting the fire extinguishing apparatus 2. Fig. 9 (b) is a graph in which hatching indicating pressure loss is added to the same graph as fig. 8 (b).

As shown in fig. 8 (a), the maximum pressure in the first fire extinguishing agent container 31A of the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 is about 1.4MPa at a time point about 1.5 seconds before the first electric valve 311 is opened. The maximum pressure at the inlet of the first pipe 37A of the fire extinguishing device 3 is about 0.8MPa at a time point about 0.3 seconds after the first motor-operated valve 311 is opened. The maximum pressure at the outlet of the first pipe 37A of the fire extinguishing device 3 is slightly higher than 0.4MPa at a time point after about 1 second from the opening of the first motor-operated valve 311. That is, the maximum value of the pressure loss between the inlet and the outlet of the first pipe 37A is about 0.4 MPa.

As shown in fig. 8 (B), the maximum pressure in the second fire extinguishing agent container 31B of the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 is about 1.3MPa at a time point about 1.5 seconds before the second electric valve 312 is opened. The maximum pressure at the inlet of the second pipe 37B of the fire extinguishing device 3 is about 0.8MPa at a time point about 0.3 seconds after the second motor-operated valve 312 is opened. The maximum pressure at the outlet of the second pipe 37B of the fire extinguishing device 3 is slightly lower than 0.4MPa at a time point after about 0.6 seconds from the opening of the second motor-operated valve 312. That is, the maximum value of the pressure loss between the inlet and the outlet of the first pipe 37A is about 0.4 MPa.

As shown in fig. 9 (a), the maximum pressure in the single fire extinguishing agent container 21 of the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 is about 1.5MPa immediately before the electric valve 21a is opened. The maximum pressure at the inlet of the single pipe 27 of the fire extinguishing device 2 is about 1.0MPa at a time point about 0.3 seconds after the opening of the motor-operated valve 21 a. The maximum pressure at the outlet of the single pipe 27 of the fire extinguishing device 2 was about 0.3MPa at a time point about 1.0 second after the opening of the motor-operated valve 21 a. That is, the maximum value of the pressure loss between the inlet and the outlet of the single pipe 27 is about 0.7 MPa.

Next, the maximum pressure at the outlet of the single pipe 27 of the first embodiment and the maximum pressures at the outlets of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B of the second embodiment are measured a plurality of times, and the results are compared. The measurement conditions were the same as in Table 1. The maximum pressure at the outlet of the single pipe 27 is shown in table 2 below. Table 3 below shows the maximum pressures at the outlets of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B.

[ TABLE 2 ]

No.	Maximum pressure [ MPa ]]	Time to maximum pressure [ sec ]]
			1	0.296	1.00
2	0.317	0.80
			3	0.270	1.30
Average	0.294	1.03

[ TABLE 3 ]

< Effect >

Reduction of pressure loss

As shown by hatching in fig. 9 (a) and (b), according to the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 of the second embodiment, the pressure loss can be reduced until the fire extinguishing agent reaches the nozzle 24. Specifically, the maximum value of the pressure loss between the inlet and the outlet of the single pipe 27 in the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment is about 0.7 MPa. In contrast, in the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 according to the second embodiment, the maximum value of the pressure loss between the inlet and the outlet of each of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B is about 0.4 MPa.

Increase of maximum pressure at outlet of piping

As shown by the average of the maximum pressures [ MPa ] in tables 2 and 3, according to the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 of the second embodiment, the maximum pressure at each outlet of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B can be increased. Specifically, the average of the maximum pressures at the outlets of the single pipes 27 in the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment is 0.294 MPa. In contrast, in the fire extinguishing device 3 of the second embodiment, the maximum pressure at the outlet of the first pipe 37A is 0.442MPa on average, and the maximum pressure at the outlet of the second pipe 37B is 0.379MPa on average. As shown by the total average of the maximum pressures [ MPa ] in table 3, the total average of the maximum pressures at the outlets of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B in the fire extinguishing device 3 according to the second embodiment is 0.411 MPa.

Shortening of the time to maximum pressure at the outlet of the piping

As shown by the average of the maximum pressure reaching times [ seconds ] in tables 2 and 3, according to the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 of the second embodiment, the maximum pressure reaching time at each outlet of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B can be shortened. Specifically, the average of the time for the maximum pressure to reach at the outlet of the single pipe 27 in the fire extinguishing apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment is 1.03 seconds. In contrast, in the fire extinguishing device 3 of the second embodiment, the maximum pressure reaching time at the outlet of the first pipe 37A is 0.90 seconds on average, and the maximum pressure reaching time at the outlet of the second pipe 37B is 0.87 seconds on average. As shown by the total average of the maximum pressure reaching times [ sec ] in table 3, the total average of the maximum pressure reaching times at the outlets of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B in the fire extinguishing device 3 according to the second embodiment is 0.88 sec.

Summary of

As described above, according to the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 of the second embodiment, the pressure loss can be reduced until the fire extinguishing agent reaches the nozzle 24. Thereby, the maximum pressure at the outlets of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B increases, and the maximum pressure reaching time is shortened. As a result, a large amount of the fire extinguishing agent can be instantaneously diffused in the engine compartment 13 as the protected area.

As a result of the reduction in pressure loss, the fire extinguishing apparatus 3 according to the second embodiment can increase the total length of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B, and can increase the number of bent portions and branched portions of the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B. This increases the degree of freedom in layout when the first pipe 37A and the second pipe 37B are disposed inside the bus 1.

Description of the reference numerals

1: buses (vehicles); 11: a driver seat; 11 a: a bus master switch; 12: a luggage compartment; 13: an engine compartment; 131: an engine; 14: a graphite purification device chamber; 15: a preheater chamber; 2: a fire extinguishing device; 20: a fire extinguishing apparatus main body; 21: a medicament container; 21 a: an electric valve (first working unit); 22: a pressurized container; 22 a: an initiator (second working unit); 23: a control unit; 23 a: circuit diagnosis; 23 b: temperature alarm determination; 23 c: automatically starting and judging; 23 d: starting control; 23 e: resetting the circuit; 23 f: controlling a lamp; 23 g: controlling sound; 24. 24A: a nozzle; 241: a first member; 241 a: an external thread; 241 b: a through hole; 242: a second component; 242 a: a slit; 242 b: a V-shaped wall portion; 25: temperature sensors (thermal detection units); 26: an operation panel; 26 a: a power supply lamp; 26 b: automatically starting the lamp; 26 c: manually starting the lamp; 26 d: a system abnormality warning lamp; 26 e: a wire break warning light; 26 f: a temperature alarm lamp (notification unit); 26 g: starting a lamp (notification unit); 26 h: an automatic start switch; 26 i: a manual start switch (start unit); 26 j: a reset switch; 26 k: a buzzer sound stop switch; 26 m: a speaker (notification unit); 27: piping; 28: wiring; 3: a fire extinguishing device; 30: a fire extinguishing apparatus main body; 31A: a first medicament container; 31B: a second medicament container; 311: a first electrically operated valve (first working unit); 312: a second electrically operated valve (first working unit); 32A: a first pressurized container; 32B: a second pressurized vessel; 321: a first initiator (second working unit); 322: a second initiator (second working unit); 323: an operating lever; 324: a T-shaped joint; 325: a copper pipe; 37A: a first piping; 37B: a second pipe.