阅读说明：本技术 一种电动汽车用电励磁凸极电机 (Electric excitation salient pole motor for electric automobile ) 是由 史立伟 丁富康 吕炳昌 卞玉康 陶学恒 于 2019-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种电动汽车用电励磁凸极电机,其特征在于：包括轴、转子铁心、定子铁心、主电枢绕组、补偿电枢绕组、励磁绕组和电机外壳；电机轴上固定有转子铁心,3n个转子极均匀分布在转子铁心上,n为正整数；电机壳内部固定有定子铁心,朝向转子铁心的定子铁心一侧均匀分布有4n个定子极；每个定子极朝向转子铁心的的一侧开设两个大小形状完全相同的补偿槽；所述补偿槽将一个定子极分成三部分,极弧长度之比为0.25：0.5：0.25；主电枢线圈从定子极一侧绕入从该定子极另外一侧绕出；补偿电枢线圈分别从所述的两个补偿槽绕入从主电枢绕组绕出侧定子极侧边绕出。本发明的技术与传统电励磁凸极电机相比,采用了长距的主电枢绕组和短距的补偿电枢绕组的方式有效减小了电励磁凸极电机的转矩脉动。(The utility model provides an electric excitation salient pole motor for electric automobile which characterized in that: the motor comprises a shaft, a rotor iron core, a stator iron core, a main armature winding, a compensation armature winding, an excitation winding and a motor shell; a rotor core is fixed on a motor shaft, 3n rotor poles are uniformly distributed on the rotor core, and n is a positive integer; a stator core is fixed in the motor shell, and 4n stator poles are uniformly distributed on one side of the stator core facing the rotor core; one side of each stator pole facing the rotor core is provided with two compensation slots with the same size and shape; the compensation slot divides a stator pole into three parts, and the length ratio of pole arcs is 0.25: 0.5: 0.25; the main armature coil winds from one side of the stator pole into and winds out from the other side of the stator pole; the compensating armature coils are respectively wound into the two compensating slots and are wound out from the side of the stator pole on the winding-out side of the main armature winding. Compared with the traditional electric excitation salient pole motor, the torque pulsation of the electric excitation salient pole motor is effectively reduced by adopting the long-distance main armature winding and the short-distance compensation armature winding.)

1. The utility model provides an electric excitation salient pole motor for electric automobile which characterized in that: the motor comprises a shaft, a rotor iron core, a stator iron core, a main armature winding, a compensation armature winding, an excitation winding and a motor shell;

a rotor core is fixed on an electro-magnetic salient pole motor shaft for the electric automobile, 3n rotor poles are uniformly distributed on the rotor core, and n is a positive integer;

a stator core is fixed inside the electric excitation salient pole motor shell for the electric automobile, and 4n stator poles are uniformly distributed on one side of the stator core facing the rotor core;

one side of each stator pole facing the rotor core is provided with two compensation slots with the same size and shape;

the top of the compensation groove facing the side groove of the rotor core is a half opening, the bottom of the groove is wide, and the bottom of the groove is arc-shaped;

the main armature coil winds from one side of the stator pole into the stator pole and winds out from the other side of the stator pole;

the compensation armature coils are respectively wound in from the two compensation slots and wound out from the side edge of the stator pole at the winding-out side of the main armature winding;

the main armature coil and the compensation armature coil wound on the same stator pole are connected in series to form a one-phase armature coil; the phase A main armature coil and the phase A compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase A armature coil, the phase B main armature coil and the phase B compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase B armature coil, the phase C main armature coil and the phase C compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase C armature coil, and the phase D main armature coil and the phase D compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase D armature coil;

all the A-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form an A-phase armature winding, all the B-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a B-phase armature winding, all the C-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a C-phase armature winding, and all the D-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a D-phase armature winding;

the excitation winding is wound on the rotor pole.

2. An electrically excited salient pole machine for an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the stator pole is a trapezoid with a pole bottom wider than a pole end, and the rotor pole is a trapezoid with a pole end wider than a pole bottom;

the compensation slot divides a stator pole into three parts, and the length ratio of pole arcs is 0.25: 0.5: 0.25.

3. an electrically excited salient pole machine for an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the main armature winding and the two compensating armature windings preferably have a turns ratio of 0.6: 0.2: 0.2.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electrically excited salient pole motor for an electric automobile, and belongs to the technical field of automobile motor electric appliances.

Background

With the increasing severity of the problems of environmental pollution, energy exhaustion and the like, the search for new energy to replace fossil fuel becomes a hot topic of research in all countries in the world. Due to the characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection, the related technologies and industries of new energy automobiles are rapidly developing. Compared with a hybrid electric vehicle, the pure electric vehicle uses a single electric energy source, the internal structure is greatly simplified because no mechanical transmission system is arranged, and meanwhile, the mechanical loss and noise of the vehicle are reduced, so that the pure electric vehicle is the main development direction of the current new energy vehicle.

The electric automobile is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by using a motor, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. Because the influence on the environment is smaller than that of the traditional automobile, the prospect is widely seen. The energy problem is one of the key problems in the twenty-first century, the motor is used as the largest consumption object of electric energy, the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction is influenced to a great extent, and the development and design of the energy-saving and efficient motor have important significance on energy conservation and emission reduction.

At present, the motors adopted by the electric automobile comprise an induction motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor and an electric excitation motor, which have respective characteristics during operation and are suitable for occasions. The induction motor has compact structure, small volume, light weight, low torque pulsation, low price and easy maintenance, even if the inverter is damaged and generates short circuit, the inverter does not have back electromotive force, so the possibility of sudden braking can not occur, but the defects of lower power factor, poor speed regulation performance and the like are main factors limiting the development of the inverter, and the inverter is mainly suitable for occasions with high speed and high power at present, wherein some companies represented by American Tesla electric automobiles adopt novel high-efficiency alternating current asynchronous motors.

The permanent magnet synchronous motor is generally adopted as a main driving motor of an electric automobile in China, the power factor is large, the efficiency is high, the structure is greatly simplified due to the fact that elements such as an excitation winding are omitted, and the maintenance is convenient, but the magnetic conductivity of a permanent magnet material is reduced even demagnetized under the conditions of vibration, high temperature and the like, so that the control is complex, the price of a rare earth material is continuously increased along with the increasing demand, and the cost problem is more and more obvious.

An electrically excited motor is a motor in which a power generation device is connected with a three-phase synchronous generator. The excitation is that the device for providing rotor power supply for the generator rotor can be divided into other excitation modes, parallel excitation, series excitation, complex excitation and the like according to different excitation modes of the direct current motor, and in the rotation process of the direct current motor, the excitation is to control the voltage of the stator to change the magnetic field generated by the stator so as to change the rotation speed of the direct current motor. The method can be divided into two categories of rotary excitation and static excitation according to the rectification mode. The rotary excitation comprises direct current alternating current and brushless excitation; the static excitation includes a potential source static exciter and a compound power source static exciter. The process of forming a rotating magnetic field by the rotor of a generator based on the principle of electromagnetic induction is generally referred to as excitation.

Compared with a permanent magnet motor, the electrically excited motor has the advantages of simple control, vibration resistance and easy assembly: the magnetic field intensity can be controlled by controlling the exciting current which is far less than the armature current, so the exciting controller is simple, has high reliability and low cost, and is usually used in high-power occasions, such as large-scale generators and motors. However, the electrically excited driving motor has the defects of poor shock resistance, high total harmonic content, susceptibility to armature reaction and the like.

The invention provides an electric excitation salient pole motor for an electric automobile on the basis of ensuring that the cost of the motor is not changed excessively and the manufacturing process is not difficult to increase, wherein the salient pole motor is of an inner rotor structure and comprises a shaft, a rotor core, a stator core, a main armature winding, a compensation armature winding, an excitation winding and a motor shell; a rotor core is fixed on a motor shaft, 3n rotor poles are uniformly distributed on the rotor core, and n is a positive integer; a stator core is fixed in the motor shell, and 4n stator poles are uniformly distributed on one side of the stator core facing the rotor core; one side of each stator pole facing the rotor core is provided with two compensation slots with the same size and shape; the compensation slot divides a stator pole into three parts, and the length ratio of pole arcs is 0.25: 0.5: 0.25; the main armature coil winds from one side of the stator pole into and winds out from the other side of the stator pole; the compensating armature coils are respectively wound into the two compensating slots and are wound out from the side edge of the stator pole on the winding-out side of the main armature winding; compared with the traditional electric excitation salient pole motor, the torque pulsation of the electric excitation salient pole motor is effectively reduced by adopting the long-distance main armature winding and the short-distance compensation armature winding.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses an electrically excited salient pole motor for an electric automobile, which optimizes a stator pole and adopts a combination mode of a main armature winding and a compensation armature winding to realize the purpose of reducing the torque pulsation of the motor on the premise of ensuring that the cost of the motor is not changed excessively and the manufacturing process is not increased with difficulty, and adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an electric excitation salient pole motor for electric automobile which characterized in that: the motor comprises a shaft, a rotor iron core, a stator iron core, a main armature winding, a compensation armature winding, an excitation winding and a motor shell.

A rotor core is fixed on an electro-magnetic salient pole motor shaft for an electric automobile, 3n rotor poles are uniformly distributed on the rotor core, and n is a positive integer; a stator core is fixed inside the motor casing, and 4n stator poles are uniformly distributed on one side of the stator core facing the rotor core.

One side of each stator pole facing the rotor core is provided with two compensation slots with the same size and shape.

The top of the compensation groove facing the side groove of the rotor core is a half opening, the groove bottom is wide, and the groove bottom is arc-shaped.

The main armature coil winds from one side of the stator pole into and winds out from the other side of the stator pole; the compensation armature coils are respectively wound into the two compensation slots and are wound out from the side of the stator pole on the winding-out side of the main armature winding.

The main armature coil and the compensation armature coil wound on the same stator pole are connected in series to form a one-phase armature coil: the phase A main armature coil and the phase A compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase A armature coil, the phase B main armature coil and the phase B compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase B armature coil, the phase C main armature coil and the phase C compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase C armature coil, and the phase D main armature coil and the phase D compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase D armature coil.

All the A-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form an A-phase armature winding, all the B-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a B-phase armature winding, all the C-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a C-phase armature winding, and all the D-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a D-phase armature winding.

The excitation winding is wound on the rotor pole.

The stator pole is a trapezoid with the pole bottom wider than the pole tip, and the rotor pole is a trapezoid with the pole tip wider than the pole bottom.

The compensation slot divides a stator pole into three parts, and the length ratio of pole arcs is 0.25: 0.5: 0.25.

the main armature winding and the two compensating armature windings preferably have a turns ratio of 0.6: 0.2: 0.2.

the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the torque pulsation of the electrically excited salient pole motor is effectively reduced by adopting a combination mode of the long-distance main armature winding and the short-distance compensation armature winding.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows an electrically excited salient pole machine for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. Wherein 1, rotor core; 2. a main armature winding; 3 compensating the armature winding; 4. a stator core; 5. a shaft; 6. and (4) exciting the winding.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of an electrically excited salient pole motor 1/4 for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a torque diagram of an electrically excited salient pole machine for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram of an electrically excited salient pole motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention discloses an electrically excited salient pole motor diagram for an electric automobile, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a shaft, a rotor core, a stator core, a main armature winding, a compensation armature winding, an excitation winding and a motor shell, wherein the salient pole motor is of an inner rotor structure.

A rotor iron core is fixed on the shaft, 3n rotor poles are uniformly distributed on the rotor iron core, and n is a positive integer; a stator core is fixed inside the motor casing, and 4n stator poles are uniformly distributed on one side of the stator core facing the rotor core.

One side of each stator pole facing the rotor core is provided with two compensation slots with the same size and shape.

The top of the compensation groove facing the side groove of the rotor core is a half opening, the groove bottom is wide, and the groove bottom is arc-shaped.

The main armature coil winds from one side of the stator pole into and winds out from the other side of the stator pole; the compensation armature coils are respectively wound into the two compensation slots and are wound out from the side of the stator pole on the winding-out side of the main armature winding.

As shown in fig. 2, the electrically excited salient pole machine 1/4 for electric vehicle of the present invention has a main armature coil and a compensation armature coil wound on the same stator pole and connected in series to form a one-phase armature coil: the phase A main armature coil and the phase A compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase A armature coil, the phase B main armature coil and the phase B compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase B armature coil, the phase C main armature coil and the phase C compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase C armature coil, and the phase D main armature coil and the phase D compensation armature coil are connected in series to form a phase D armature coil.

As shown in FIG. 3, the torque diagram of the electrically excited salient pole motor for the electric automobile effectively reduces the torque ripple of the electrically excited salient pole motor due to the adoption of the combination mode of the long-distance main armature winding and the short-distance compensation armature winding.

As shown in fig. 4, in the coil inserting diagram of the electrically excited salient pole motor for the electric vehicle of the present invention, all the a-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a-phase armature winding, all the B-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a B-phase armature winding, all the C-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a C-phase armature winding, and all the D-phase armature coils are connected in series or in parallel to form a D-phase armature winding.

The basic principle of this application is:

because the magnetic field generated by the exciting winding in the electric excitation salient pole motor interacts with the stator pole to generate torque and cause periodic torque pulsation, the stator pole is optimized by using the compensation slot on the premise of ensuring that the cost of the motor is not changed excessively and the manufacturing process is not increased in difficulty, and the purpose of reducing the torque pulsation of the motor is realized by using the combination mode of the long-distance main armature winding and the short-distance compensation armature winding.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.