阅读说明：本技术 一种海藻酸盐辅助农作物秸秆发酵的方法 (Method for assisting fermentation of crop straws by alginate ) 是由 应坤 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种海藻酸盐辅助农作物秸秆发酵的方法,包括以下步骤：(1)对农作物秸秆进行热碱预处理,得到预处理农作物秸秆；(2)制备酶解液；(3)制备菌液；(4)得到酶解产物；(5)酶解产物中添加菌液,堆积发酵,即可；本发明制备的一种海藻酸盐辅助农作物秸秆发酵的方法,本发明方法制备的农作物秸秆发酵产物,能够极大的增加土壤中的腐殖质含量,能够促进农作物生长,相较于直接的农作物秸秆还田的方式,效果极为显著。(The invention discloses a method for assisting crop straw fermentation by alginates, which comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out hot-alkali pretreatment on crop straws to obtain pretreated crop straws, (2) preparing enzymatic hydrolysate, (3) preparing bacterial liquid, (4) obtaining an enzymatic hydrolysate, and (5) adding the bacterial liquid into the enzymatic hydrolysate and stacking and fermenting the enzymatic hydrolysate.)

1, kinds of alginate auxiliary crop straw fermentation method, characterized by, including the following steps:

(1) carrying out hot-alkali pretreatment on crop straws, crushing the crop straws, adding the crushed crop straws into hot alkali, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30-40min, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying until the water content is 10% to obtain the pretreated crop straws;

(2) preparing enzymolysis liquid: the enzymolysis liquid contains alginate, nano zero-valent iron, complex enzyme and sterile water;

(3) preparing a bacterial liquid: the bacterial liquid contains alginate, pectin, glucose, composite bacteria and sterile water;

(4) mixing the enzymolysis liquid with the crop straws pretreated in the step (1), and then carrying out heat preservation and enzymolysis for 6-8 hours to obtain an enzymolysis product;

(5) adding a bacterial liquid into the enzymolysis product obtained in the step (4), and then stacking and fermenting at normal temperature for 2 days.

2. The method for assisting in fermenting crop straws with alginates according to claim 1, wherein the thermokalite in step (1) is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 8-10% and a temperature of not less than 80 ℃.

3. The method for assisting the fermentation of the crop straws by kinds of alginates according to claim 1, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the alginate, the nano zero-valent iron, the complex enzyme and the sterile water in the step (2) is 1-2: 0.1-0.15: 6-8: 50.

4. The method for assisting in fermenting crop straws by alginates according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the complex enzyme is cellulase and pectinase, wherein the mixing mass ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 5: 1.

5. The method for alginate-assisted crop straw fermentation in claim 1, wherein the mixture mass ratio of alginate, pectin, glucose and sterile water in the bacterial solution of step (3) is 3-5:12-15:20-26:60, and the concentration of the complex bacteria in the bacterial solution is 3.225 x 10⁶cfu/mL。

6. The method for assisting the fermentation of crop straw with alginates, according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the complex bacteria comprises white rot fungi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma koningii, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus niger.

7. The method for assisting in fermenting crop straws with the alginates, according to claim 6, wherein the mixing weight ratio of the white-rot fungi, the bacillus licheniformis, the lactobacillus acidophilus, the bacillus subtilis, the trichoderma koningii, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the aspergillus niger is 4:3:1:2:1:1: 2.

8. The method for assisting the fermentation of crop straws by alginates according to claim 1, 3 or 5, wherein the alginate is sodium alginate or potassium alginate.

9. The method for assisting in fermenting crop straws with alginates according to claim 1, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the pretreated crop straws to the enzymatic hydrolysate is 100: 15-18.

10. The method for assisting in fermenting crop straws with kinds of alginate according to claim 1, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the enzymolysis product to the bacterial liquid is 100: 6-8.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for assisting crop straw fermentation by kinds of alginate.

Background

The crop straws are subsidiary products of agricultural production and cannot be fully and effectively utilized at in China, and a large amount of crop straws are directly returned to the field, discarded and even burnt in the traditional planting habit, so that the environment is polluted, the construction of a harmonious society is influenced, and the economic value of the straws is lost.

The crop straws are directly returned to the field, but are difficult to be degraded by microorganisms in a natural field state, so that the conversion time is long, cultivation of crops is influenced, and plant diseases and insect pests are aggravated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

method for assisting crop straw fermentation by using alginate, comprising the following steps:

(1) carrying out hot-alkali pretreatment on crop straws, crushing the crop straws, adding the crushed crop straws into hot alkali, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30-40min, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying until the water content is 10% to obtain the pretreated crop straws;

(2) preparing enzymolysis liquid: the enzymolysis liquid contains alginate, nano zero-valent iron, complex enzyme and sterile water;

(3) preparing a bacterial liquid: the bacterial liquid contains alginate, pectin, glucose, composite bacteria and sterile water;

(4) mixing the enzymolysis liquid with the crop straws pretreated in the step (1), and then preserving heat at 35 ℃ for enzymolysis treatment for 6-8 hours to obtain an enzymolysis product;

(5) adding a bacterial liquid into the enzymolysis product obtained in the step (4), and then stacking and fermenting at normal temperature for 2 days.

Preferably, the hot alkali in the step (1) is 8-10% sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction at the temperature of not lower than 80 ℃.

Preferably, the mixing mass ratio of the alginate, the nano zero-valent iron, the complex enzyme and the sterile water in the step (2) is 1-2: 0.1-0.15: 6-8:50.

Preferably, the complex enzyme is cellulase and pectinase, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the cellulase to the pectinase is 5: 1.

Preferably, the mixing mass ratio of alginate, pectin, glucose and sterile water in the bacterial liquid in the step (3) is 3-5:12-15:20-26:60, and the concentration of the compound bacteria in the bacterial liquid is 3.225 x 10⁶cfu/mL。

Preferably, the compound bacteria comprise white-rot fungi, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma koningii, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and aspergillus niger.

Preferably, the mixing weight ratio of the white-rot fungi, the bacillus licheniformis, the lactobacillus acidophilus, the bacillus subtilis, the trichoderma koningii, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the aspergillus niger is 4:3:1:2:1:1: 2.

Preferably, the alginate is sodium alginate or potassium alginate.

Preferably, the mixing mass ratio of the pretreated crop straws to the enzymatic hydrolysate is 100: 15-18.

Preferably, the mixing mass ratio of the enzymolysis product to the bacterial liquid is 100: 6-8.

Wherein the crop straw comprises or more of corn straw, soybean straw, sorghum straw and wheat straw.

According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the fermentation treatment method of the crop straws can effectively achieve definite defibering effect on fiber tissues of the crop straws by performing thermal alkali treatment on the crop straws, particularly can greatly improve the defibering effect by performing treatment at the temperature of more than 80 ℃, can influence the defibering effect by excessively low or high temperature, reduces the subsequent enzymolysis liquid effect and fermentation effect, is beneficial to the decomposition of macromolecular substances such as cellulose by performing enzymolysis treatment, can generate a large amount of nutrient substances for loosening the structure of the crop straws in steps, provides a nutrient substance basis for subsequent fermentation, combines strains with strong decomposition capacity to form a compound bacterium by performing experimental research on a large amount, can avoid the problems of single species , weak decomposition capacity, low total cellulose degradation rate, large amount of fermentation substances, and the like, can accelerate the growth of the crop straws in a fermentation process, and improve the quality of the soil by applying fermentation strain, and the like, can greatly shorten the fermentation propagation period of the organic fertilizer, and can promote the growth of the crop straws to be returned to the field, and the soil.

Detailed Description

The present invention provides alginate-assisted methods for fermenting crop straw, which can be implemented by those skilled in the art with appropriate modification of process parameters in view of the disclosure herein, it is to be specifically noted that all such substitutions and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

method for assisting crop straw fermentation by using alginate, comprising the following steps:

(1) carrying out hot-alkali pretreatment on crop straws, crushing the crop straws, sieving the crushed crop straws with a 120-mesh sieve to obtain crop powder, adding the obtained crop powder into hot alkali, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30-40min, filtering, washing the crop powder to be neutral by using clear water, and drying the crop powder in a drying chamber until the water content is 10% to obtain the pretreated crop straws;

(2) preparing enzymolysis liquid: adding alginate into sterile water, stirring, sequentially adding nanoscale zero-valent iron and complex enzyme, and stirring for 10 min;

(3) preparing a bacterial liquid: adding alginate into sterile water, stirring, sequentially adding pectin and glucose, stirring for 15min, inoculating composite bacteria, and culturing at 30 deg.C for 3 hr;

(4) mixing an enzymolysis solution with the pretreated crop straws in the step (1), specifically, adding the pretreated crop straws into an enzymolysis tank, uniformly scattering the enzymolysis solution, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out heat preservation at 35 ℃ for 6-8 hours to obtain an enzymolysis product;

(5) and (3) adding the enzymolysis product obtained in the step (4) into a fermentation tank, stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min, then uniformly scattering bacterial liquid in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 30min, and then accumulating and fermenting at normal temperature for 2 days.

The hot alkali in the step (1) is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8-10% and the temperature of not less than 80 ℃, preferably 82-85 ℃, and more preferably 83 ℃.

Mixing the alginate, the nano zero-valent iron, the complex enzyme and the sterile water in the step (2) according to a mixing mass ratio of 1-2: 0.1-0.15: 6-8:50.

The complex enzyme is cellulase and pectinase, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the cellulase to the pectinase is 5: 1.

The mixing mass ratio of alginate, pectin, glucose and sterile water in the bacterial liquid in the step (3) is 3-5:12-15:20-26:60, and the concentration of the compound bacteria in the bacterial liquid is 3.225 multiplied by 10⁶cfu/mL。

The composite bacteria comprise white rot fungi, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma koningii, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and aspergillus niger, wherein the white rot fungi are phanerochaete chrysosporium CICC40719, the aspergillus niger is aspergillus niger HNCC6.043, and the trichoderma koningii is trichoderma koningii HNCC6.105, strains with strong decomposition capability are combined to form the composite bacteria through a large number of experimental researches, firstly, the problems of single strain type , weak decomposition capability, low total cellulose degradation rate, long fermentation period and the like can be solved, meanwhile, the composite bacteria can be propagated in large quantities under the basis of the treatment steps, the fermentation process of the crop straws can be greatly accelerated, the retting fermentation time of the crop straws is further shortened, organic fertilizers are obtained, the fermented products are returned to the field, and after the obtained fermented products are applied to the soil, more beneficial humus can be generated under the fermentation effect of the step of the soil, the soil quality is improved, and the growth of the crops is promoted.

The mixing weight ratio of the white-rot fungi, the bacillus licheniformis, the lactobacillus acidophilus, the bacillus subtilis, the trichoderma koningii, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the aspergillus niger is 4:3:1:2:1:1: 2.

The alginate is sodium alginate or potassium alginate, preferably potassium alginate.

The mixing mass ratio of the pretreated crop straws to the enzymatic hydrolysate is 100:15-18, and the preferred mixing mass ratio is 100: 17.

The mixing mass ratio of the enzymolysis product to the bacterial liquid is 100:6-8, and the more preferable ratio is 100: 8.

Wherein the crop straw comprises or more of corn straw, soybean straw, sorghum straw and wheat straw.

The following are specific examples: