阅读说明：本技术 一种微生物饼粕复合肥及其制备方法 (microbial cake compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof ) 是由 黄翔 于 2019-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种微生物饼粕复合肥及其制备方法,所述微生物饼粕复合肥包括以下组分：磷酸二氢铵、尿素、硫酸钾、硅酸二钙、硅酸镁、饼粕、玉米渣、人畜粪便、秸秆、锯木屑、谷糠、中药渣、发酵菌液。所述微生物饼粕复合肥的制备方法包括如下步骤：配置混合菌液、有机物料粉碎混合、发酵菌液喷洒、密封发酵、无机肥调配。本发明制备的微生物饼粕复合肥具有改良土壤、培育肥力,增加农作物产量、提高农作物品质,提高肥料的利用率等有益功效。(The invention provides microbial cake compound fertilizers and a preparation method thereof, wherein the microbial cake compound fertilizers comprise ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, dicalcium silicate, magnesium silicate, cake, corn residue, human and animal excreta, straws, sawdust, rice bran, traditional Chinese medicine residue and zymogen liquid.)

1, microbial cake compound fertilizers, which is characterized by comprising ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, dicalcium silicate, magnesium silicate, cake, corn grit, human and animal excreta, straws, sawdust, bran coat, traditional Chinese medicine residue and zymogen liquid.

2. The microbial cake compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises, by weight, 9-15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-10 parts of urea, 3-8 parts of potassium sulfate, 7-13 parts of dicalcium silicate, 5-12 parts of magnesium silicate, 20-35 parts of cake, 15-25 parts of corn grit, 10-20 parts of human and animal manure, 10-18 parts of straw, 6-10 parts of sawdust, 4-9 parts of bran, 6-10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, and 15-25 parts of zymogen liquid.

3. The microbial cake compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is 10-14 parts by weight, the urea is 7-9 parts by weight, the potassium sulfate is 4-7 parts by weight, the dicalcium silicate is 8-12 parts by weight, the magnesium silicate is 6-11 parts by weight, the cake is 25-30 parts by weight, the corn grit is 16-20 parts by weight, the human and animal manure is 13-18 parts by weight, the straw is 12-16 parts by weight, the sawdust is 7-9 parts by weight, the bran coat is 5-8 parts by weight, the traditional Chinese medicine residue is 7-9 parts by weight, and the zymocyte liquid is 18-23 parts by weight.

4. The microbial cake compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the human and animal manure consists of human manure, chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure.

5. The microbial cake compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of human manure to chicken manure to cow manure to sheep manure in parts of human and animal manure is 2: 3: 5: 8.

6. The microbial cake compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the bacterial powder in the fermentation broth consists of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Paenibacillus polymyxa.

7. The microbial cake compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Chinese medicinal residue comprises radix Stemonae, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, rhizoma Gastrodiae, radix Rhodiolae, cortex moutan, and flos Lonicerae.

8, A method for preparing the microbial cake compound fertilizer according to any of claims 1-7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) mixing mixed bacterium powder consisting of saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis and paenibacillus polymyxa with distilled water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: (500-900) ml, and mixing and preparing the solution to obtain a mixed bacterial solution;

(2) respectively putting the cake, corn dregs, straws, traditional Chinese medicine residues, sawdust and rice bran into a grinder for grinding, sieving the crushed cake, the crushed cake with a sieve of 80-100 meshes, putting the crushed cake and the crushed straw into a mixer for mixing to obtain a material 1, uniformly mixing and stirring the material 1 and human and animal excreta to obtain a material 2, spraying the zymogen liquid prepared in the step (1) on the material 2, stirring while spraying, and finishing spraying the mixed bacteria liquid when the material 2 is held by hands to be agglomerated and loosened to obtain a material 3;

(3) tightly pressing the material 3 obtained in the step (2) in layers into a sealable ceramic vat, sealing the vat, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a material 4; the time of anaerobic fermentation is 8-12 days in summer and 16-22 days in winter; the temperature during anaerobic fermentation is 20-40 ℃;

(4) and uniformly mixing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, dicalcium silicate and magnesium silicate with the material 4 to obtain the microbial cake compound fertilizer.

9. The preparation method of kinds of microbial cake compound fertilizer according to claim 8, wherein the temperature of the distilled water in the step (1) is 15-40 ℃.

10. The preparation method of kinds of microbial cake compound fertilizers of claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the rotating speed of a grinder is 800-1000 rpm, and the rotating speed of a mixer is 220-350 rpm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer processing, and particularly relates to microbial cake compound fertilizers and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Inorganic fertilizer is mineral fertilizer, also called chemical fertilizer, refers to fertilizer synthesized by chemical method, including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, abbreviated as chemical fertilizer. It is characterized by simple components, high content of effective components, easy water dissolution, fast decomposition and easy absorption by root system, so it is called quick-acting fertilizer. In modern agricultural production, fertilizers are often used in large quantities to promote crop growth and yield. The use of a large amount of inorganic fertilizer enables high-purity inorganic salt to be buried in soil, and the substances are dissolved in the soil and then absorbed by plants, so that the acid-base balance of the soil is damaged, the soil is hardened and salinized, and the environment is further harmed.

The organic fertilizer is rich in a large amount of beneficial substances, including organic acids, peptides, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other rich nutrient elements. The fertilizer not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and renew organic matters of soil, promote the propagation of microorganisms, improve the physicochemical property and the biological activity of the soil, and is a main nutrient for green food production.

The microbial cake compound fertilizer provided by the invention has the advantages that the quality of agricultural products is improved after the microbial fertilizer is used, the using amount of the fertilizer can be reduced, and the accumulation of nitrate can be even reduced in some cases.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention firstly provides microbial cake compound fertilizers which comprise ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, dicalcium silicate, magnesium silicate, cake meal, corn grit, human and animal excreta, straws, sawdust, bran coat, traditional Chinese medicine residue and zymogen liquid.

Wherein, by weight, 9-15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-10 parts of urea, 3-8 parts of potassium sulfate, 7-13 parts of dicalcium silicate, 5-12 parts of magnesium silicate, 20-35 parts of cake meal, 15-25 parts of corn grit, 10-20 parts of human and animal excrement, 10-18 parts of straw, 6-10 parts of sawdust, 4-9 parts of bran coat, 6-10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue and 15-25 parts of zymocyte liquid.

10-14 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 7-9 parts of urea, 4-7 parts of potassium sulfate, 8-12 parts of dicalcium silicate, 6-11 parts of magnesium silicate, 25-30 parts of cake meal, 16-20 parts of corn grit, 13-18 parts of human and animal excrement, 12-16 parts of straw, 7-9 parts of sawdust, 5-8 parts of bran coat, 7-9 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue and 18-23 parts of zymocyte liquid.

Wherein the human and animal manure is composed of human manure, chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure.

Wherein the mass ratio of human manure to chicken manure to cow manure to sheep manure in parts of human and animal manure is 2: 3: 5: 8.

The bacterial powder in the zymocyte liquid consists of saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis and paenibacillus polymyxa, wherein the bacillus thuringiensis can be used for plant protection and pest killing; the paenibacillus polymyxa can be used for fixing molecular nitrogen.

Wherein the Chinese medicinal residue comprises radix Stemonae, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, rhizoma Gastrodiae, radix Rhodiolae, cortex moutan, and flos Lonicerae.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the microbial cake compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing mixed bacterium powder consisting of saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis and paenibacillus polymyxa with distilled water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: (500-900) ml, and mixing and preparing the solution to obtain a mixed bacterial solution;

(2) respectively putting the cake, corn dregs, straws, traditional Chinese medicine residues, sawdust and rice bran into a grinder for grinding, sieving the crushed cake, the crushed cake with a sieve of 80-100 meshes, putting the crushed cake and the crushed straw into a mixer for mixing to obtain a material 1, uniformly mixing and stirring the material 1 and human and animal excreta to obtain a material 2, spraying the zymogen liquid prepared in the step (1) on the material 2, stirring while spraying, and finishing spraying the mixed bacteria liquid when the material 2 is held by hands to be agglomerated and loosened to obtain a material 3;

(3) tightly pressing the material 3 obtained in the step (2) in layers into a sealable ceramic vat, sealing the vat, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a material 4; the time of anaerobic fermentation is 8-12 days in summer and 16-22 days in winter; the temperature during anaerobic fermentation is 20-40 ℃;

(4) and uniformly mixing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, dicalcium silicate and magnesium silicate with the material 4 to obtain the microbial cake compound fertilizer.

Wherein the temperature of the distilled water in the step (1) is 15-40 ℃.

Wherein, the rotating speed of the grinder in the step (2) is 800-1000 r/min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 220-350 r/min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) improving soil and cultivating fertility. The organic substance can effectively improve the physical and chemical conditions and biological characteristics of the soil, mature the soil,

the fertilizer retention capacity and the buffer capacity of the soil are enhanced.

(2) Increase the yield and improve the quality. The organic fertilizer contains rich organic matters and various nutrient elements and provides crops with the organic fertilizer

Is nutritious. After the organic fertilizer is decomposed, energy and nutrients are provided for soil microorganisms, the growth of crops is promoted, and the quality of agricultural products is improved.

(3) The utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved. The organic fertilizer contains more nutrients but has low relative content, and is slowly released, while the fertilizer has high unit nutrient content, less components and quick release. The organic acid generated by the decomposition of the organic matters can promote the dissolution of mineral nutrients in soil and chemical fertilizers.

Detailed Description

The invention provides microbial cake compound fertilizers which comprise, by weight, 9-15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-10 parts of urea, 3-8 parts of potassium sulfate, 7-13 parts of dicalcium silicate, 5-12 parts of magnesium silicate, 20-35 parts of cake, 15-25 parts of corn grit, 10-20 parts of human and animal excreta, 10-18 parts of straw, 6-10 parts of sawdust, 4-9 parts of bran coat, 6-10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue and 15-25 parts of zymocyte liquid.

10-14 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 7-9 parts of urea, 4-7 parts of potassium sulfate, 8-12 parts of dicalcium silicate, 6-11 parts of magnesium silicate, 25-30 parts of cake meal, 16-20 parts of corn grit, 13-18 parts of human and animal excrement, 12-16 parts of straw, 7-9 parts of sawdust, 5-8 parts of bran coat, 7-9 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue and 18-23 parts of zymocyte liquid.

Wherein the human and animal manure is composed of human manure, chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure.

Wherein the mass ratio of human manure to chicken manure to cow manure to sheep manure in parts of human and animal manure is 2: 3: 5: 8.

Wherein the bacterial powder in the zymocyte liquid consists of saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis and paenibacillus polymyxa.

Wherein the Chinese medicinal residue comprises radix Stemonae, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, rhizoma Gastrodiae, radix Rhodiolae, cortex moutan, and flos Lonicerae.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the microbial cake compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing mixed bacterium powder consisting of saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis and paenibacillus polymyxa with distilled water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: (500-900) ml, mixing and preparing the solution, wherein the temperature of distilled water is 15-40 ℃, and obtaining mixed bacterial solution;

(2) respectively putting the cake, corn dregs, straws, traditional Chinese medicine residues, sawdust and rice bran into a grinder for grinding, wherein the rotation speed of the grinder is 800-1000 rpm, sieving the mixture by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, putting the mixture into a mixer for mixing, wherein the rotation speed of the mixer is 220-350 rpm, obtaining a material 1, uniformly mixing and stirring the material 1 and human and animal excreta to obtain a material 2, spraying the zymogen liquid prepared in the step (1) onto the material 2, stirring while spraying, and finishing spraying the mixed bacteria liquid when the material 2 is held by a hand to be agglomerated and loosened to obtain a material 3;

(3) tightly pressing the material 3 obtained in the step (2) in layers into a sealable ceramic vat, sealing the vat, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a material 4; the time of anaerobic fermentation is 8-12 days in summer and 16-22 days in winter; the temperature during anaerobic fermentation is 20-40 ℃;

(4) and uniformly mixing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, dicalcium silicate and magnesium silicate with the material 4 to obtain the microbial cake compound fertilizer.

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, which are given for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise indicated, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available products or can be prepared by known methods.