阅读说明：本技术 一种纤维的退绕机以及退绕方式 (Unwinding machine and unwinding mode for fibers ) 是由 罗培栋 罗艇 施彬彬 宋丹 夏于旻 于 2019-11-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种纤维的退绕机,包括退绕机构、卷绕头夹以及设置在卷绕头夹上的卷绕筒,卷绕筒包括可伸缩的中心轴,中心轴包括至少两个相套设的中心套筒,每个中心套筒上设有一组外圈,不同的中心套筒的外圈套设；中心轴可拆卸式连接在卷绕头夹上,中心轴打开后,靠近卷绕头夹的中心套筒上的外圈套设在内,远离卷绕头夹的中心套筒上的外圈套设在外；外圈上形成有孔洞形的散热空间。本发明的卷绕筒采用套设的多层结构,丝束分层缠绕在卷绕筒上,有效地提高了热处理的空间利用率；同时增大了外圈上的丝束与气氛的接触面积,热处理时能极大程度地排出聚合反应产生的副产物小分子,再由周围气氛带走,促进反应向正向进行,增大了热处理效率。(The invention discloses an fiber unwinder, which comprises an unwinding mechanism, a winding head clamp and a winding drum arranged on the winding head clamp, wherein the winding drum comprises a telescopic central shaft, the central shaft comprises at least two sleeved central sleeves, each central sleeve is provided with groups of outer rings, the outer rings of different central sleeves are sleeved, the central shaft is detachably connected to the winding head clamp, after the central shaft is opened, the outer ring on the central sleeve close to the winding head clamp is sleeved inside, the outer ring on the central sleeve far away from the winding head clamp is sleeved outside, and a hole-shaped heat dissipation space is formed on the outer ring.)

The unwinder for fibers is characterized by comprising an unwinding mechanism, a winding head clamp and a winding drum arranged on the winding head clamp, wherein the winding drum comprises a telescopic central shaft, the central shaft comprises at least two sleeved central sleeves, each central sleeve is provided with groups of outer rings, the outer rings are used for winding tows unwound by the unwinding mechanism, the outer rings on different central sleeves are sleeved with the outer rings, the central shaft is detachably connected to the winding head clamp, after the central shaft is opened, the outer rings on the central sleeves close to the winding head clamp are sleeved with the inner rings, the outer rings on the central sleeves far away from the winding head clamp are sleeved with the outer rings, and the outer rings are provided with hole-shaped heat dissipation spaces.

2. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein said outer ring comprises a plurality of arms disposed circumferentially on the respective central sleeve.

3. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 2, wherein said outer ring comprises at least five spread arms uniformly arranged on the circumference of said corresponding central sleeve, said spread arms comprising support arms vertically arranged on said central sleeve, said support arms being provided with winding arms along the axial direction of said central sleeve, each winding arm of said outer ring being equally spaced from said corresponding central sleeve every times.

4. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of central sleeves of the central shaft is set to 3-8, the number of arm spreads on each central sleeve is set to not less than 6, and the surface of the arm spreads comprises smooth semi-circular arc surfaces.

5. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 3, wherein said retractable central shaft comprises four sleeved central sleeves, in sequence from outside to inside, th central sleeve, a second central sleeve, a third central sleeve and a fourth central sleeve, wherein the th central sleeve is circumferentially provided with a th outer ring, the second central sleeve is circumferentially provided with a second outer ring, the third central sleeve is circumferentially provided with a third outer ring, and the fourth central sleeve is circumferentially provided with a fourth outer ring, wherein the th outer ring, the second outer ring and the th outer ring are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the th central sleeve is detachably connected with the winding head clamp, a predetermined distance is provided between the winding arm of the th outer ring and the winding arm of the second outer ring, a predetermined distance is provided between the winding arm of the second outer ring and the winding arm of the third outer ring, and a predetermined distance is provided between the winding arm of the third outer ring and the winding arm of the fourth outer ring.

6. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein said unwinding mechanism comprises an unwinding head and an unwinding reel, said unwinding head being arranged on said unwinder parallel to said winding head clamps; the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are respectively connected with a motor, and the motor drives the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp to rotate in the same direction.

7. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a godet is provided between the unwinding head and the winding head nip.

8. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein an oil pan is further provided on said godet.

9. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rotatable arm is provided between the unwinding head and the winding head nip, the rabbit head being provided at an end of said rotatable arm.

10. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a tension sensor for detecting the tension of the tows and an intelligent control system, said tension sensor being in communication with said intelligent control system.

11. The fiber unwinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein said outer ring comprises a reticular structure provided circumferentially in correspondence of said central sleeve.

12, unwinding mode of fiber, characterized in that, the unwinder of any of claims 1-11 is used, wherein, the outer ring corresponding to the central sleeve near the winding head clamp is the innermost outer ring, when unwinding is started, the outer rings of the winding drum are drawn out in sequence, the filament bundle is firstly unwound to the innermost outer ring, after the winding of the innermost outer ring is completed, the secondary inner outer ring sleeved outside the innermost outer ring is retracted, the filament bundle is unwound to the secondary inner outer ring, after the winding of the secondary inner outer ring is completed, the rear outer ring sleeved outside the secondary inner outer ring is retracted, and the filament bundle is sequentially unwound to the outermost outer ring until the unwinding is completed.

13. The method of unwinding a fiber according to claim 12, wherein an unwinding spool of the unwinding mechanism is arranged in parallel with the winding head clamp, the unwinding spool rotating in the same direction as the winding head clamp.

14. The fiber unwinding method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the rotation speed of the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp is set to 300-.

15. A method of unwinding fibres according to claim 12, characterised in that during unwinding the tow is led onto the outer ring of the spool by means of a rabbit head, the distance between the rabbit head and the outer ring of the spool being adjusted to 3-5 cm; the rotating speed of the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp is set to 400-600 revolutions per minute, the linear speed of the outer ring of the winding drum is set to 100-150 m/min, and the tension of the tows is set to 0.5-5N.

16. The method of unwinding fiber according to claim 12, wherein the intelligent control system controls the linear speed of the unwinding spool to be equal to the linear speed of the winding drum during unwinding based on the tension value of the tow detected by the tension sensor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of unwinders, in particular to an unwinder and an unwinding mode of fibers, which can be used in a manufacturing procedure of polyarylate fibers.

Background

The polyarylate fiber is a special fiber obtained by a melt polymerization spinning method, has strength and modulus comparable to aramid fiber, and has unique light weight, high strength, tear resistance, humidity resistance, high and low temperature performance, vibration attenuation performance, excellent acid and alkali resistance, wear resistance and the like.

The polyarylate fiber has the characteristics of long time, high temperature and the like, and is a bottleneck process of the whole heat treatment, so that the heat treatment efficiency is improved, the improvement of the fiber performance in a short time is realized, and the improvement direction of the fiber preparation process is .

In the process of preparing polyarylate fibers, during unwinding by using an unwinder, the conventional unwound tows have a spiral state and cannot become smooth and flat tows after heat treatment, thereby reducing the quality of the tows, and patent CN 109071140 a describes unwinders with tension maintained at , but does not solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an unwinder and an unwinding method of fibers, which can solve the defects in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

fiber unwinder comprises an unwinding mechanism, a winding head clamp and a winding drum arranged on the winding head clamp, wherein the winding drum comprises a telescopic central shaft, the central shaft comprises at least two sleeved central sleeves, each central sleeve is provided with groups of outer rings, the outer rings are used for winding tows unwound by the unwinding mechanism, the outer rings of different central sleeves are sleeved, the central shaft is detachably connected to the winding head clamp, after the central shaft is opened, the outer rings of the central sleeves close to the winding head clamp are sleeved inside, the outer rings of the central sleeves far away from the winding head clamp are sleeved outside, and hole-shaped heat dissipation spaces are formed in the outer rings

The sleeved outer ring enables tows to be wound on the outer ring of the winding drum in a layered mode, the winding tow amount of the winding drum is increased under the same winding volume, and the space utilization rate of the heat treatment machine is effectively improved; the filament bundle layer wound by the outer ring is contacted with the surrounding atmosphere from the inner side surface close to the central shaft and the outer side surface far away from the central shaft respectively during heat treatment; compared with the traditional winding drum, the outer ring of the invention increases the contact area of the filament bundle and the atmosphere, can discharge byproduct micromolecules generated by fiber polymerization to a great extent during heat treatment, shortens the heat treatment time and increases the heat treatment efficiency.

Preferably, the outer ring comprises a mesh structure arranged in the circumferential direction of the central sleeve. The unwound tows are wound on the net-shaped structure, so that the weight of the winding drum is reduced, the contact area of the tows and the atmosphere is increased, and the heat treatment efficiency is improved.

The unwound tow is wound on the cantilever extensions, which further reduces the weight of the winding drum and increases the area of contact of the tow with the atmosphere.

Preferably, the outer ring comprises at least five arm spans uniformly arranged on the periphery of the corresponding central sleeve, each arm span comprises a support arm vertically arranged on the central sleeve and used for providing stable support for tows, winding arms are arranged on the support arms in the axial direction of the central sleeve, the distance between each winding arm of each outer ring and the corresponding central sleeve is equal, the unwound tows are wound on the winding arms, the vertically arranged support arms and the axially arranged winding arms enable the tows to be wound on the outer ring stably, a larger winding area is provided for the outer ring, the number of the arm spans is set to be at least 5, the angle of the tows can be increased, and damage to the tows can be reduced.

Preferably, the number of the central sleeves is 3-8, preferably in step , the number of the central sleeves is 3, 4, 5 or 6, if the number of the central sleeves is too large, the engineering implementation is difficult, if the number of the central sleeves is too small, the contribution to the improvement of the space utilization rate of the heat treatment machine is not large, and according to the number of the central sleeves, the distance between the outer rings of every two adjacent layers of central sleeves is set, so that a proper amount of tows are wound on each outer ring, and the tows of the adjacent outer rings are kept at a certain interval of , so that a better heat treatment effect is obtained.

When the number of the central sleeves is small, the distance between the outer rings of two adjacent layers of the central sleeves is large so as to wind a proper amount of fibers; when the number of the central sleeves is large, the distance between the outer rings of two adjacent layers of the central sleeves is set to be small so as to wind a proper amount of fibers and control the winding tow amount of the winding drum within a proper range.

Preferably, the number of the arm spans is not less than 6; preferably, the number of the arm spans is set to be 6-12. In the invention, the number of the arm expansions is particularly important, when the number of the arm expansions is less than 5, the tows are wound on the outer ring, the bending angle of the tows is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and the tows are bent to a large degree, so that the fibers are damaged, and the quality of the fibers is influenced; meanwhile, when the number of the arms is small, the tension of the tows wound on the outer ring is difficult to control.

The more the number of the arms is, the closer the filament bundle is to a circle after the outer ring is wound, the bending angle of the filament bundle can be increased, the bending of the filament bundle is reduced, and the tension and the winding speed of the filament bundle are easier to control. When the number of arms spread is set too much, the contact area of the filament bundle with the surrounding atmosphere at the time of heat treatment is reduced again. Arm exhibition quantity sets up to 6 ~ 12, can increase the area of contact of silk bundle and surrounding atmosphere when increasing the silk bundle bent angle.

The surface of the arm span is a smooth semi-circular arc surface, so that the bending of tows is reduced as much as possible, and the fibers are prevented from being damaged.

Preferably, the telescopic central shaft comprises four sleeved central sleeves, which are an th central sleeve, a second central sleeve, a third central sleeve and a fourth central sleeve in sequence from outside to inside, a th outer ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the th central sleeve, a second outer ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the second central sleeve, a third outer ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the third central sleeve, a fourth outer ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the fourth central sleeve, wherein the th outer ring, the second outer ring and the th outer ring are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the th central sleeve is detachably connected with the winding head clamp, a predetermined distance is arranged between the winding arm of the th outer ring and the winding arm of the second outer ring, a predetermined distance is arranged between the winding arm of the second outer ring and the winding arm of the third outer ring, and a predetermined distance is arranged between the winding arm of the third outer ring and the winding arm of the fourth outer ring.

When the unwinder is operated and used, the th center sleeve, the second center sleeve and the third center sleeve are respectively drawn out before unwinding, tows are firstly unwound to the th outer ring, after winding of the th outer ring is completed, the second center sleeve is contracted into the th center sleeve, the second outer ring is sleeved outside the th outer ring, the tows are unwound to the second outer ring, after winding of the second outer ring is completed, the third center sleeve is contracted into the second center sleeve, the third outer ring is sleeved outside the second outer ring, the tows are unwound to the third outer ring, after winding of the third outer ring is completed, the fourth center sleeve is contracted into the third center sleeve, the fourth outer ring is sleeved outside the third outer ring, the tows are unwound to the fourth outer ring, and the tows are sequentially wound until unwinding is completed.

Preferably, the unwinding mechanism comprises an unwinding winding head and an unwinding winding drum, the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are arranged on the unwinder in parallel, the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are respectively connected with a motor, and the motor drives the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp to rotate in the same direction, so that the tows unwound from the unwinding winding drum are unwound onto the winding drum in the same state, the unwinding direction of the tows in the invention is in the same direction, and the spiral of the tows in the unwinding process is reduced.

Preferably, the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are provided with a rotatable arm therebetween, the rabbit head is arranged at the end of the rotatable arm, and the rotatable arm is used for adjusting the distance between the rabbit head and the outer ring. The rotatable arm should be smooth material and high in hardness, preferably a ceramic arm.

Preferably, a godet is arranged between the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp, and a step is further preferred, an oil pan is further arranged on the godet, the godet is changed into oil rollers, and the unwound tows are oiled, so that fibers wound on the winding drum are not easy to disperse, the post-treatment of the fibers is facilitated, and the fibers are protected in the post-treatment process and have the function of fusion prevention.

Preferably, the unwinder further comprises a tension sensor for detecting the tension of the tow wound on the winding reel. Preferably, the tension sensor is disposed between the unwinding mechanism and the godet, and the filament bundle of the unwinding mechanism is guided to the outer ring of the winding drum through the tension sensor and the godet.

Preferably, the unwinder further comprises an intelligent control system for controlling the unwinding spool, the winding speed of the winding head clamp, the winding time and the tow tension; the tension sensor is in communication connection with the intelligent control system.

The intelligent control system controls the rotating speed of the unwinding winding head, and the rotating speed of the unwinding winding head is set to be 800 revolutions per minute for 300-. The linear speed of the outer ring of the winding drum is set to be 50-200 m/min, and preferably 100-150 m/min. The fiber is damaged when the rotating speed of the unwinding mechanism is too high, and the unwinding efficiency is low when the rotating speed is too low. Or the rotating speed of the winding head clamp is set to be 300-800 revolutions per minute.

In the unwinding process, the intelligent control system controls the linear speed of the unwinding winding drum to be equal to that of the winding drum according to the tension value of the tows detected by the tension sensor so as to ensure that the tension of the fibers wound by the winding drum is kept constant. The tension is set to 0.5-5N, and preferably may be 1-3N. If the tension is too high, the filament bundle on the winding drum is wound too tightly in the unwinding process, which is unfavorable for the heat treatment of the fiber, and if the tension is too low, the filament bundle on the winding drum is wound loosely, which results in poor finished product.

Preferably, the winding drum must be a material that is resistant to high temperatures above 350 ℃, has a low thermal deformation for recycling, and is preferably copper or ceramic.

Preferably, the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are arranged in parallel, the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are respectively connected with a motor, the motor drives the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp to rotate in the same direction, the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are in the same unwinding direction , the unwinding direction of tows is the same, and tow spiral in the unwinding process is reduced.

Preferably, because the diameters of different outer rings of the winding drum are different, in the unwinding process, the angle and the distance between the rabbit head and the outer ring of the winding drum are adjusted through a rotatable arm arranged between the unwinding mechanism and the winding head clamp, so that the distance between the rabbit head and the outer ring is kept to be about 3-5cm, and the unwinding process is smoothly carried out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

, when the fiber unwinder is used for polyarylate fiber, the drawable multilayer design of the winding drum and the multilayer design of the outer ring of the winding drum enable tows to be wound on the outer ring of the winding drum in layers, the amount of the tows wound on the winding drum is increased under the same winding volume, the space utilization rate of the heat treatment machine is effectively improved, the hole-shaped heat dissipation space is formed on the outer ring, the tows are wound on the outer ring, and the tow layers are respectively contacted with the surrounding atmosphere from the inner side surface close to the central shaft and the outer side surface far away from the central shaft during heat treatment.

Secondly, according to the fiber unwinder, the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp are arranged in parallel, and the motor respectively drives the unwinding winding head and the winding head clamp to rotate in the same direction, so that the tows unwound from the unwinding winding drum are unwound to the winding drum in the same state, the original spiral state of the tows in unwinding is greatly reduced, the tows are flattened to the maximum degree, and the uniformity of the quality of the yarns is greatly improved.

Thirdly, the outer ring of the invention is of a net structure or a structure with at least 6 cantilevers, steps reduce the weight of the winding drum, steps increase the contact area of the tows and the atmosphere, and the more the cantilevers are, the closer the tows are to a circle after winding, the larger the tow bend angle is, the excessive bending of the tows can be reduced, the tension and the winding speed are easy to control, the tightness is proper and uniform when the tows are wound on the winding drum, and the tightness has a larger influence on the uniformity of the tows after heat treatment.

Fourthly, the fiber unwinding method is characterized in that an unwinder is used for unwinding, tows are unwound on the winding drum in layers, the tows are unwound from the outer ring of the innermost layer, the outer ring after winding is contracted into the outer ring of the outer layer, the outer ring is contracted and sleeved outside the outer ring of the upper layers after the inner ring is wound, and the tows are led to the outer ring of the rear layers from the inner ring of the upper layer until unwinding is completed.

Of course, it is not necessary that achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time for any product that embodies the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an unwinder of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the unwinder of example 1 of the present invention completing the unwinding;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a winding drum of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotary shaft of a reciprocating mechanism and the reciprocating mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

figure 5 is a schematic representation of the package and tow after unwinding of example 1 of the present invention.

Reference numerals refer to an intelligent control system 1, an unwinding reel 2, an unwinding winding head 3, a reciprocating mechanism rotating shaft 4, a rotatable arm 41, a winding drum 5, a winding head clamp 6, a godet 7, a central shaft 8, a supporting arm 9, a winding arm 901, an -th arm extension 17, a second arm extension 16, a third arm extension 15, a fourth arm extension 14, a -th central sleeve 130, a second central sleeve 120, a third central sleeve 110, a fourth central sleeve 100, a wound tow 300, a godet 18, a rabbit head 19, a reciprocating mechanism 20 and a tension sensor 21.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated at in conjunction with specific examples, it being understood that these examples are included merely for purposes of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.