阅读说明：本技术 一种土壤污染检测方法 (soil pollution detection method ) 是由 黄薇薇 黃梓钧 黄玉霞 黄明华 高艳 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种土壤污染检测方法,包括以下步骤：划定土壤检测区域并采集、土壤样品烘培、土壤样品研磨、土壤样品配制悬浮液、投加聚合氯化铝助凝剂与聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂、悬浮液水样加酸沉淀以及荧光光谱分析测试,本发明通过将土壤样品与水混合形成悬浮液,利用聚合氯化铝助凝剂与聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂对重金属来实现迅速又精确的捕捉,进而完成土壤的检测。(The invention discloses an soil pollution detection method, which comprises the following steps of defining and collecting a soil detection area, baking a soil sample, grinding the soil sample, preparing a suspension liquid from the soil sample, adding a polyaluminium chloride coagulant aid and a polyacrylamide flocculant, adding acid to the water sample of the suspension liquid for precipitation, and performing fluorescence spectrum analysis and test.)

1, kinds of soil pollution detection method, characterized by, including the following steps:

s1: demarcating a soil detection area, and collecting and sampling in the demarcated soil area;

s2, taking out quantitative soil samples, placing the soil samples in an electric heating box for baking treatment, keeping the baking temperature at 90-100 ℃, baking for 8-10 hours, and taking out the soil samples when the water content in the soil samples is 1-3%;

s3: placing the baked soil sample in a horizontal grinder for grinding, after grinding, placing soil sample powder in a dry three-dimensional vibration screening instrument for screening, wherein the diameter of the screened soil sample powder is 25-35 mu m;

s4: weighing 3-5 g of soil sample powder on a balance, preparing 50-150 ml of suspension water sample, adding 60-80 ml of suspension water sample if the pH value is measured to be 2-4, reacting for 10-20 min, adding 150-250 ml of suspension water sample if the measured pH value is less than 2, adjusting the pH value to be 4-6, adding 200ml of BC-05SH solution with the concentration of 15%, and reacting for 10-20 min;

s5: adding 200-300 ml of polyaluminium chloride coagulant aid with the concentration of 15%, stirring, and reacting for 10min to form a precipitate;

s6: adding 150-250 ml of 0.01% polyacrylamide flocculant solution, stirring, and reacting for 15min to form a precipitate;

s7: adding 100ml of dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 25% into a suspension water sample, placing the suspension water sample on a crucible, heating the suspension water sample to 200-300 ℃, adding 30-50 ml of dilute nitric acid with the concentration of 20%, and reacting for 20min to form a precipitate;

s8: and after the treatment is finished, performing fluorescence spectrum analysis test on the precipitate, namely finishing the detection of the soil pollution.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting kinds of soil pollution.

Background

Soil pollution sources mainly come from inorganic pollutants represented by heavy metals and organic pollutants chemically synthesized by nonmetal represented by toxic elements, the heavy metal pollutants which are much concerned at present comprise chromium, nickel, copper, lead, mercury and the like, the nonmetal pollutants mainly comprise arsenic, fluorine, selenium and the like, and also comprise acid, alkali, salts and the like, the harmful pollutants are often mixed with waste pollutants of pesticides, petroleum and natural synthetic materials to release harmful pollution elements in soil, soil pollution is caused by industrial wastewater discharge, and finally the pollution elements directly or indirectly enter human bodies and other organisms, so that the human health is damaged, other organisms are gradually killed, the quantity is greatly reduced, the pollutants hidden in the soil are very dangerous, the pollution source hidden in the soil cannot be found by naked eyes and needs to be obtained by professional detection means, the conventional detection method has problems, such as incomplete detection of pollutants, leakage detection of partial harmful elements, inaccurate content of detected elements, and false image of soil data, and the problem that how to rapidly detect the toxic elements is needed to be determined.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide soil pollution detection methods, which can realize rapid and accurate determination of heavy metals such as copper, chromium, nickel and the like in soil and greatly improve detection efficiency of the heavy metals in the soil, and the detection technical scheme of the invention is applied to in the future and has a prospect of .

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A soil pollution detection method, comprising the following steps:

s1: demarcating a soil detection area, and collecting and sampling in the demarcated soil area;

s2, taking out quantitative soil samples, placing the soil samples in an electric heating box for baking treatment, keeping the baking temperature at 90-100 ℃, baking for 8-10 hours, and taking out the soil samples when the water content in the soil samples is 1-3%;

s3: placing the baked soil sample in a horizontal grinder for grinding, after grinding, placing soil sample powder in a dry three-dimensional vibration screening instrument for screening, wherein the diameter of the screened soil sample powder is 25-35 mu m;

s4: weighing 3-5 g of soil sample powder on a balance, preparing 50-150 ml of suspension water sample, adding 60-80 ml of suspension water sample if the pH value is measured to be 2-4, reacting for 10-20 min, adding 150-250 ml of suspension water sample if the measured pH value is less than 2, adjusting the pH value to be 4-6, adding 200ml of BC-05SH solution with the concentration of 15%, and reacting for 10-20 min;

s5: adding 200-300 ml of polyaluminium chloride coagulant aid with the concentration of 15%, stirring, and reacting for 10min to form a precipitate;

s6: adding 150-250 ml of 0.01% polyacrylamide flocculant solution, stirring, and reacting for 15min to form a precipitate;

s7: adding 100ml of dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 25% into a suspension water sample, placing the suspension water sample on a crucible, heating the suspension water sample to 200-300 ℃, adding 30-50 ml of dilute nitric acid with the concentration of 20%, and reacting for 20min to form a precipitate;

s8: and after the treatment is finished, performing fluorescence spectrum analysis test on the precipitate, namely finishing the detection of the soil pollution.

Preferably, the polyaluminum chloride coagulant aid and the polyacrylamide flocculant can rapidly capture heavy metals such as chromium, nickel and the like.

Has the advantages that:

1. according to the soil detection method, misleading of a specific area to soil detection can be effectively avoided through a specific soil sampling method, the accuracy of soil detection is guaranteed, the analysis time of soil is shortened, and the soil detection efficiency is effectively improved.

2. According to the invention, a soil sample is mixed with water to form a suspension, and the polyaluminium chloride coagulant aid and the polyacrylamide flocculant are used for quickly and accurately capturing heavy metals, so that the detection of the soil is completed.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, but is not limited to the scope of the invention.