阅读说明：本技术 一种紫藤变异新品种的培育方法 (Method for cultivating novel variety of wisteria ) 是由 于永畅 张�林 程甜甜 孙忠奎 张婷 燕语 乔谦 张安琪 王郑昊 李承秀 任红剑 于 2021-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种紫藤变异新品种的培育方法,包括以下步骤：将经沙藏出芽后统一露白的紫藤种子播种在育苗盘内,出苗后按照常规管理；4月上旬紫藤幼苗出土,子叶展平待真叶显露时,用塑料薄膜、遮阳网和竹条搭建小型塑料棚,并将装有紫藤幼苗的育苗盘放入塑料棚中；将5-溴尿嘧啶溶液放入加湿器中,把加湿器放入塑料棚中进行雾化处理,并辅助紫外线灯照射；处理完成后采用清水冲洗,除去5-溴尿嘧啶溶液,然后进行常规管理；紫藤幼苗经过诱变处理一个月后,叶片逐渐产生变异性状,将有变异性状的植株在温室内进行常规管理,并对紫藤幼苗喷洒营养液,促进植株发育。本发明提供的方法操作简单,紫藤植株变异率高,诱变效果好,紫藤植株成活率高。(The invention discloses a method for cultivating a novel wisteria variation variety, which comprises the following steps: sowing the Chinese wistaria seeds uniformly exposed to the white after sprouting through sand storage in a seedling raising plate, and managing according to a conventional method after sprouting; in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; after the treatment is finished, washing with clear water to remove the 5-bromouracil solution, and then carrying out conventional management; after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, plants with the variation characters are subjected to conventional management in a greenhouse, and nutrient solution is sprayed on the wisteria seedlings to promote the growth of the plants. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, the Chinese wistaria plant mutation rate is high, the mutagenesis effect is good, and the Chinese wistaria plant survival rate is high.)

1. A method for cultivating a novel variety of wisteria florbunda variation is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) sowing the wisteria seeds uniformly exposed after sand storage and tooth emergence into a seedling tray, placing the seedling tray on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after seedling emergence;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves sprout, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) preparing a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 25-35 mug/ml; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; after the treatment is finished, washing with clear water to remove the 5-bromouracil solution, and then carrying out conventional management;

(4) after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically represented as that the leaf color is changed to be small and thick, the leaf shape is changed from an oval shape to a scaly needle shape, the leaf color is changed to be yellow or dark green or forms speckled leaves, plants with the variation characters are subjected to conventional management in a greenhouse, and nutrient solution is sprayed on the wisteria seedlings to promote the growth of the plants.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture of a new variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: in the step (1), the matrix in the seedling raising tray comprises wood chips, turf and vermiculite particles coated by alginate-based gel, and the mass ratio of the wood chips, the turf and the vermiculite particles is 1 (1-3): (1-2).

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the culture of the novel variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: the preparation method of the alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles comprises the following steps: dispersing vermiculite powder in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding a sodium alginate solution into the dispersion liquid, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, finally dropwise adding the mixed solution into a calcium chloride solution, stirring for crosslinking reaction, then centrifuging, and drying the centrifuged precipitate to obtain the alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the culture of the novel variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: the concentration of the dispersion liquid is 0.02-0.04g/ml, the concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 0.01-0.02g/ml, and the volume ratio of the two is 1: 50.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the culture of the novel variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1-3%, the rotation speed of the stirring crosslinking reaction is 1000-1500rpm, the temperature is room temperature, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture of a new variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: in the step (3), the concentration of the 5-bromouracil solution is 30 mug/ml.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture of a new variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: in the step (3), the atomization treatment is carried out once in the morning, at noon and at night every day, each time for 20 minutes, and the treatment is continuously carried out for 4 to 6 days.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture of a new variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: in the step (3), the power of the ultraviolet lamp is 30W, and the irradiation is carried out for 3-5 h/day in the daytime.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture of a new variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the steps of: in the step (4), the nutrient solution comprises a mixed solution of urea and monopotassium phosphate, the mass concentrations of the urea and the monopotassium phosphate are 0.5% and 0.2% respectively, and the nutrient solution is sprayed once every 14-16 days.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a cultivation method of a new variety of wisteria.

Background

Wisteria, also known as gloiopeltis, leguminosae, wisteria, a fallen leaf climbing entwiny vine plant widely planted in the Yangtze river basin of the yellow river in south of Hebei and in Yunobuan areas. Wisteria has stronger resistance to harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen peroxide and the like, has adsorption capacity to dust in the air, is widely applied to greening, and particularly plays an important role in three-dimensional greening. In addition, the wisteria has obvious cultivation and economic values, and the roots and the seeds of the wisteria can be used as medicines, so that the wisteria is sweet in nature and taste, mild in nature and low in toxicity; the wisteria has the effects of relieving diarrhea, stopping vomit, detoxifying and the like; the seeds can treat arthralgia and myalgia; the wisteria bark can kill parasites, dispel wind, relieve pain, dredge collaterals and the like. At present, the domestic research on the wisteria sinensis mainly focuses on the aspects of adaptability, flowering climate, cultivation and maintenance, tissue culture, garden application and the like, systematic research is lacked in the aspect of wisteria sinensis germplasm resource development, the wisteria sinensis germplasm resource is still in the conventional breeding stage of a lower utilization level, and the research on obtaining new wisteria sinensis germplasm resources by adopting artificial induced mutants is less.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the cultivation method of a new variety of wisteria florbunda variation is provided, the cultivation method adopts 5-bromouracil solution and ultraviolet lamp irradiation to mutate wisteria florda, and effectively controls the conditions of mutagenesis and management during growth.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for cultivating a novel variety of wisteria florbunda comprises the following steps:

(1) sowing the Chinese wistaria seeds uniformly exposed to the white after sprouting through sand storage in a seedling tray, placing the seedling tray on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after sprouting;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) preparing a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 25-35 mug/ml; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; after the treatment is finished, washing with clear water to remove the 5-bromouracil solution, and then carrying out conventional management;

(4) after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically represented as that the leaves become small and thick, the leaf shapes are changed from oval shapes to needle shapes, the leaf colors become yellow or dark green or form speckled leaves, plants with the variation characters are subjected to conventional management in a greenhouse, and nutrient solution is sprayed on the wisteria seedlings to promote the growth of the plants.

Preferably, in the step (1), the matrix in the seedling raising tray comprises wood chips, turf and vermiculite particles coated by alginate-based gel, and the mass ratio of the wood chips, the turf and the vermiculite particles is 1 (1-3): (1-2).

As a preferable aspect of the above technical solution, the method for preparing the alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles specifically comprises: dispersing vermiculite powder in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding a sodium alginate solution into the dispersion liquid, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, finally dropwise adding the mixed solution into a calcium chloride solution, stirring for crosslinking reaction, then centrifuging, and drying the centrifuged precipitate to obtain the alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles.

Preferably, the concentration of the dispersion liquid is 0.02-0.04g/ml, the concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 0.01-0.02g/ml, and the volume ratio of the two is 1: 50.

Preferably, the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1-3%, the rotation speed of the stirring crosslinking reaction is 1000-1500rpm, the temperature is room temperature, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h.

Preferably, in the step (3), the concentration of the 5-bromouracil solution is 30 μ g/ml.

Preferably, in step (3), the atomization treatment is performed once in the morning, at noon and at night, each time for 20 minutes, and continuously for 4-6 days, wherein the specific time can be selected from 8 o ' clock, 12 o ' clock and 6 o ' clock.

Preferably, in step (3), the ultraviolet lamp is operated at a power of 30W and irradiated for 3 to 5 hours per day.

Preferably, in the step (4), the nutrient solution comprises a mixed solution of urea and monopotassium phosphate, the mass concentrations of the urea and the monopotassium phosphate are 0.5% and 0.2%, respectively, and the nutrient solution is sprayed once every 14 to 16 days.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention selects 5-bromouracil solution as chemical mutagen, which is a base analogue, has a structure similar to that of a normal base, and substitutes the normal base to permeate into DNA molecules in the process of DNA replication to cause mismatching, thereby initiating site-directed mutation. The concentration of the 5-bromouracil solution is the most critical during treatment, the concentration is too low to play a role, but the concentration is too high, so that the plant mutation rate is reduced, and the plant death rate is greatly improved.

In the cultivation process, firstly, the wisteria seeds which are uniformly exposed to white through sand storage and sprouting are planted in a substrate consisting of sawdust, turfy soil and vermiculite powder coated by alginate-based gel for cultivation, after emergence of seedlings, conventional management is carried out, when seedlings emerge, cotyledons are flattened and leaves are exposed, the mutation is carried out by adopting the combined treatment of ultraviolet lamp irradiation and 5-bromouracil solution, and finally, plants with the variation characters are screened and subjected to conventional treatment. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, and the wisteria florbunda plant has high mutation rate and high survival rate. The vermiculite powder coated by the alginate-based gel added into the seedling culture tray matrix has good water retention performance, can effectively improve the stress resistance of seedlings, and greatly improves the survival rate of wisteria plants.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Dispersing vermiculite powder in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.02g/ml, adding 500ml of a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.01g/ml into 10ml of the dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, finally dropwise adding the mixed solution into 100ml of a calcium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 1%, stirring and crosslinking at room temperature and 1000rpm for 0.5h, then centrifuging, and drying the centrifuged precipitate to obtain alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles;

(2) sowing the wisteria seeds which are uniformly exposed and white after being germinated by sand storage in a substrate seedling raising tray which is filled with sawdust, turf and vermiculite particles coated by alginate-based gel, wherein the mass ratio of the three in the substrate is 1: 2: 1; placing the seedling raising plate on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after seedling emergence;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) preparing a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 30 mug/ml; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; the atomization treatment is carried out once a day in the morning, at noon and at night, each time lasts for 20 minutes, the treatment is continuously carried out for 5 days, the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 30W, the irradiation is carried out for 4 h/day in the daytime, after the treatment is finished, clear water is adopted for washing, 5-bromouracil solution is removed, and then the conventional management is carried out;

(4) after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically shown as the leaves become small and thick, the leaf shapes are changed from oval to scaly, the leaf colors are changed to yellow or dark green, or speckled leaves are formed; conventionally managing plants with the variation character in a greenhouse, spraying a mixed solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the wisteria seedlings every 15 days, wherein the mass concentrations of the urea and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution are 0.5% and 0.2%, respectively, and promoting the plant development.

Example 2

(1) Dispersing vermiculite powder in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.04g/ml, adding 500ml of a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.02g/ml into 10ml of the dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, finally dropwise adding the mixed solution into 100ml of a calcium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 3%, stirring and crosslinking at room temperature and 1500rpm for 1.5 hours, then centrifuging, and drying the centrifuged precipitate to obtain alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles;

(2) sowing the wisteria seeds which are uniformly exposed and white after being germinated by sand storage in a substrate seedling raising tray which is filled with sawdust, turf and vermiculite particles coated by alginate-based gel, wherein the mass ratio of the three in the substrate is 1: 2: 2; placing the seedling raising plate on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after seedling emergence;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) preparing a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 30 mug/ml; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; the atomization treatment is carried out once a day in the morning, at noon and at night, each time lasts for 20 minutes, the treatment is continuously carried out for 5 days, the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 30W, the irradiation is carried out for 4 h/day in the daytime, after the treatment is finished, clear water is adopted for washing, 5-bromouracil solution is removed, and then the conventional management is carried out;

(4) after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically shown as the leaves become small and thick, the leaf shapes are changed from oval to scaly, the leaf colors are changed to yellow or dark green, or speckled leaves are formed; conventionally managing plants with the variation character in a greenhouse, spraying a mixed solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the wisteria seedlings every 15 days, wherein the mass concentrations of the urea and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution are 0.5% and 0.2%, respectively, and promoting the plant development.

Example 3

(1) Dispersing vermiculite powder in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.025g/ml, adding 500ml of a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.015g/ml into 10ml of the dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed liquid, finally dropwise adding the mixed liquid into 100ml of a calcium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 2%, stirring and crosslinking at room temperature and 1100rpm for 1h, then centrifuging, and drying the centrifuged precipitate to obtain alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles;

(2) sowing the wisteria seeds which are uniformly exposed and white after being germinated by sand storage in a substrate seedling raising tray which is filled with sawdust, turf and vermiculite particles coated by alginate-based gel, wherein the mass ratio of the three in the substrate is 1: 2: 1; placing the seedling raising plate on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after seedling emergence;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) preparing a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 30 mug/ml; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; the atomization treatment is carried out once a day in the morning, at noon and at night, each time lasts for 20 minutes, the treatment is continuously carried out for 5 days, the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 30W, the irradiation is carried out for 4 h/day in the daytime, after the treatment is finished, clear water is adopted for washing, 5-bromouracil solution is removed, and then the conventional management is carried out;

(4) after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically shown as the leaves become small and thick, the leaf shapes are changed from oval to scaly, the leaf colors are changed to yellow or dark green, or speckled leaves are formed; conventionally managing plants with the variation character in a greenhouse, spraying a mixed solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the wisteria seedlings every 156 days, wherein the mass concentrations of the urea and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution are 0.5% and 0.2% respectively, and promoting the plant development.

Example 4

(1) Dispersing vermiculite powder in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.03g/ml, adding 500ml of a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.02g/ml into 10ml of the dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, finally dropwise adding the mixed solution into 100ml of a calcium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 2%, stirring and crosslinking at room temperature and 1200rpm for 0.5h, then centrifuging, and drying the centrifuged precipitate to obtain alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles;

(2) sowing the wisteria seeds which are uniformly exposed and white after being germinated by sand storage in a substrate seedling raising tray which is filled with sawdust, turf and vermiculite particles coated by alginate-based gel, wherein the mass ratio of the three in the substrate is 1: 2: 2; placing the seedling raising plate on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after seedling emergence;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) preparing a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 30 mug/ml; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; the atomization treatment is carried out once a day in the morning, at noon and at night, each time lasts for 20 minutes, the treatment is continuously carried out for 5 days, the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 30W, the irradiation is carried out for 4 h/day in the daytime, after the treatment is finished, clear water is adopted for washing, 5-bromouracil solution is removed, and then the conventional management is carried out;

(4) after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically shown as the leaves become small and thick, the leaf shapes are changed from oval to scaly, the leaf colors are changed to yellow or dark green, or speckled leaves are formed; conventionally managing plants with the variation character in a greenhouse, spraying a mixed solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the wisteria seedlings every 15 days, wherein the mass concentrations of the urea and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution are 0.5% and 0.2%, respectively, and promoting the plant development.

Example 5

(1) Dispersing vermiculite powder in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.04g/ml, adding 500ml of a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.01g/ml into 10ml of the dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, finally dropwise adding the mixed solution into 100ml of a calcium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 3%, stirring and crosslinking at room temperature and 1400rpm for 1 hour, then centrifuging, and drying the centrifuged precipitate to obtain alginate-based gel-coated vermiculite particles;

(2) sowing the wisteria seeds which are uniformly exposed and white after being germinated by sand storage in a substrate seedling raising tray which is filled with sawdust, turf and vermiculite particles coated by alginate-based gel, wherein the mass ratio of the three in the substrate is 1: 2: 1; placing the seedling raising plate on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after seedling emergence;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) preparing a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 30 mug/ml; putting the 5-bromouracil solution into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting ultraviolet lamp irradiation; the atomization treatment is carried out once a day in the morning, at noon and at night, each time lasts for 20 minutes, the treatment is continuously carried out for 5 days, the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 30W, the irradiation is carried out for 4 h/day in the daytime, after the treatment is finished, clear water is adopted for washing, 5-bromouracil solution is removed, and then the conventional management is carried out;

(4) after the wisteria seedlings are subjected to mutagenesis treatment for one month, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically shown as the leaves become small and thick, the leaf shapes are changed from oval to scaly, the leaf colors are changed to yellow or dark green, or speckled leaves are formed; conventionally managing plants with the variation character in a greenhouse, spraying a mixed solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the wisteria seedlings every 15 days, wherein the mass concentrations of the urea and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution are 0.5% and 0.2%, respectively, and promoting the plant development.

Comparative example 1

The incubation was carried out without treatment with 5-olfactory uracil solution, and the other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 2

The concentration of 5-bromouracil solution was 10. mu.g/ml, and other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 3

The concentration of 5-bromouracil solution was 20. mu.g/ml, and other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 4

The concentration of 5-bromouracil solution was 40. mu.g/ml, and other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 5

The concentration of 5-bromouracil solution was 50. mu.g/ml, and other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 6

The conditions were the same as in example 5 except that the irradiation with the ultraviolet lamp was not performed.

Comparative example 7

The vermiculite particles coated with alginate-based gel were not added to the nursery tray substrate, and other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 8

Soaking rose seeds in a 5-bromouracil solution with the concentration of 30 mug/ml for 24 hours, taking out, cleaning by using clear water, ventilating and drying, sowing the wisteria seeds which are uniformly exposed and white after sand storage and sprouting in a substrate seedling tray consisting of vermiculite particles coated with sawdust, turf and alginate-based gel, wherein the mass ratio of the three in the substrate is 1: 2: 1; placing the seedling raising plate on a greenhouse culture bed, and managing according to the conventional method after seedling emergence;

(2) in the last ten days of 4 months, the Chinese wisteria seedlings are unearthed, the cotyledon is flattened, and when the true leaves are exposed, a small plastic shed is built by using a plastic film, a sunshade net and bamboo strips, and a seedling tray filled with the Chinese wisteria seedlings is placed in the plastic shed;

(3) putting clear water into a humidifier, putting the humidifier into a plastic shed for atomization treatment, and assisting the ultraviolet lamp to irradiate; the atomization treatment is carried out once in the morning, at noon and at night every day, each time lasts for 20 minutes, the treatment is continuously carried out for 5 days, the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 30W, the irradiation is carried out for 4 h/day in the daytime, and after the treatment is finished, the conventional management is carried out;

(4) after one month of mutagenesis treatment, the leaves gradually generate variation characters, which are specifically shown as that the leaves become small and thick, the leaf shape is changed from an ellipse shape to a needle shape, the leaf color turns yellow or dark green, or speckled leaves are formed; conventionally managing plants with the variation character in a greenhouse, spraying a mixed solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the wisteria seedlings every 15 days, wherein the mass concentrations of the urea and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution are 0.5% and 0.2%, respectively, and promoting the plant development.

The wisteria plants in the cultivation process are tracked and observed, and the results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

From the results, the mutation rate of the wisteria florbunda plants is gradually increased along with the increase of the concentration of the 5-bromouracil solution, when the concentration of the 5-bromouracil solution is 30 mug/ml, the mutation rate of the wisteria florda plants is the highest, then the concentration of the 5-bromouracil solution continuously increases, the mutation rate of the plants is reduced, and the death rate of the plants is increased. The ultraviolet lamp irradiation and the 5-bromouracil solution are mutually matched to effectively improve the mutation rate and the mutation effect of the wisteria plants. Compared with the method for directly carrying out mutagenesis treatment on the wisteria seeds, the method for carrying out mutagenesis treatment on the wisteria tissue culture seedlings has the advantages of simple operation and high mutation rate. In addition, the proper amount of the vermiculite powder coated with the alginate-based gel is added into the matrix of the seedling raising tray, so that the survival rate of plants can be effectively improved, mainly because the vermiculite powder coated with the alginate-based gel has higher water retention property, and the stress resistance of the plants can be effectively improved.

Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.