阅读说明：本技术 基于机械单向可调阀门的多层潮汐灌溉系统 (Multilayer tide irrigation system based on mechanical one-way adjustable valve ) 是由 党康 姜仕豪 马宝平 杨成贺 肖玉兰 于 2019-12-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于机械单向可调阀门的多层潮汐灌溉系统,包括：多层栽培架、储液箱、控制器、水泵、机械单向可调阀门、进排液一体管路和溢流管,其中：设置于储液箱内的水泵、机械单向可调阀门、进排液一体管路、多层栽培架、溢流管和储液箱依次相连构成环路。本发明通过设置进液、排液共用一个管路系统,结构简单,不依靠电子电路和多个电磁阀进行调控,仅需一个机械单向可调阀门即可完成进排、液流量调控,大大降低了系统制造成本,精简了系统运行机制。(A multi-layer tidal irrigation system based on a mechanically unidirectional adjustable valve comprising: multilayer cultivation frame, liquid reserve tank, controller, water pump, mechanical one-way adjustable valve, advance integrative pipeline of flowing back and overflow pipe, wherein: the water pump, the mechanical one-way adjustable valve, the liquid inlet and discharge integrated pipeline, the multilayer cultivation frame, the overflow pipe and the liquid storage tank are sequentially connected to form a loop. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet share one pipeline system, so that the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet can be regulated and controlled only by one mechanical one-way adjustable valve without depending on an electronic circuit and a plurality of electromagnetic valves, the structure is simple, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet can be regulated and controlled, the manufacturing cost of the system is greatly reduced, and the operation mechanism of the system is simplified.)

1. A multi-layer tidal irrigation system based on a mechanical one-way adjustable valve, comprising: multilayer cultivation frame, liquid reserve tank, controller, water pump, mechanical one-way adjustable valve, advance integrative pipeline of flowing back and overflow pipe, wherein: a water pump, a mechanical one-way adjustable valve, a liquid inlet and discharge integrated pipeline, a multi-layer cultivation frame, an overflow pipe and the liquid storage tank which are arranged in the liquid storage tank are sequentially connected to form a loop;

the mechanical one-way adjustable valve comprises: the valve body, a plurality of threaded interfaces arranged on the valve body, and an adjusting knob and a piston which are respectively and movably arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the threaded interfaces, wherein the upper end of the piston is open, one side of the piston is provided with a flow limiting rod, and the lower end of the piston is provided with a water through hole vertical to the opening of the flow limiting rod;

the controller is respectively connected with the water pump and the light source in the multilayer cultivation frame and transmits instructions to periodically start the light source and the water pump, nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank enters the mechanical one-way adjustable valve through the water pump, the piston is pushed to move upwards by water pressure, the current limiting rod is limited to stop moving after reaching the position of the adjusting knob, the water passing hole is shielded by the lower end of the threaded connector, and the aperture is reduced so as to limit the aperture.

2. The multi-layer tidal irrigation system based on the mechanical one-way adjustable valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-layer cultivation shelf comprises: main part frame, light source and cultivation groove, wherein: the light source is fixedly arranged at the top of each layer on the main body frame, and the cultivation grooves are arranged at the bottom of each corresponding layer.

3. The multi-level tidal irrigation system based on the mechanical one-way adjustable valve of claim 1, wherein the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the threaded interfaces is lower than the cross-sectional area of the valve body and the cross-sectional area of the water outlet of the water pump.

4. The multilayer tidal irrigation system based on the mechanical one-way adjustable valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total cross-sectional area of outlets at two ends of the water through hole is larger than that of the threaded interface, when water is supplied to the threaded interface from the valve body, the water pressure pushes the piston to move upwards, the flow limiting rod stops moving in a limited way after reaching the position of the adjusting knob, the water through hole is shielded by the lower end of the threaded interface, and the hole diameter is reduced so as to limit the hole diameter; when water is supplied to the valve body from the threaded connector, the piston is pushed to move downwards by water pressure, the flow limiting rod stops moving in a limited way after reaching the outer wall of the valve body, at the moment, all the water through holes are exposed in the valve body, and the caliber is fully opened; because the mechanical one-way adjustable valve can present different apertures and flow rates when water is fed and discharged so as to offset hydraulic pressure difference caused by different height differences of the cultivation tanks, when the tide irrigation starts to feed water, the uniformity and the consistency of each layer are ensured, and in the liquid return process after the tide irrigation is finished, the liquid return speed of each channel is uniform and consistent.

5. The multi-layer tidal irrigation system based on the mechanical one-way adjustable valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the minimum lift of the water pump is greater than the height of the cultivation shelf.

6. The multilayer tidal irrigation system based on the mechanical one-way adjustable valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outlet of the liquid inlet and outlet integrated pipe and the overflow pipe is provided with a drainage filter cover and an overflow filter cover.

7. The multi-level tidal irrigation system based on one-way mechanical adjustable valve of claim 1, wherein the tank is provided with a circulating filter sterilizer connected to the controller for periodic opening.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a technology in the field of plant planting, in particular to a multilayer tidal irrigation system based on a mechanical one-way adjustable valve.

Background

At present, tidal irrigation is used as a water and fertilizer supply method of a new industrial plant cultivation scheme, and has the advantages of thorough irrigation, uniform water and fertilizer, simple structure and the like. The scheme is widely applied to monolayer plant culture for a long time. However, in the scene of multilayer plant cultivation, pressure difference exists between liquid supply and liquid discharge of each layer due to layer height difference, if a solution scheme of liquid supply and liquid discharge with the same pipeline is adopted, liquid inlet calibers of all the channels are adjusted during liquid supply to form uniform flow of each layer, diameter reduction is often not performed again during liquid discharge, so that the water discharge of a bottom cultivation groove is slow, even backward flow is formed, and if the solution scheme of dividing liquid supply and liquid discharge into two pipelines is adopted, a plurality of sets of electromagnetic valves are needed for water supply and drainage regulation, so that the purposes of uniform liquid inlet and liquid return are achieved. Not only makes the whole control system complicated, but also greatly increases the cost investment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of complex structure and higher cost of a multi-electromagnetic valve scheme commonly adopted in the existing multilayer tidal irrigation scheme, the invention provides the multilayer tidal irrigation system based on the mechanical one-way adjustable valve.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a multilayer tidal irrigation system based on a mechanical unidirectional adjustable valve, which comprises: multilayer cultivation frame, liquid reserve tank, controller, water pump, mechanical one-way adjustable valve, advance integrative pipeline of flowing back and overflow pipe, wherein: the water pump, the mechanical one-way adjustable valve, the liquid inlet and discharge integrated pipeline, the multilayer cultivation frame, the overflow pipe and the liquid storage tank are sequentially connected to form a loop.

The mechanical one-way adjustable valve comprises: the valve body, a plurality of threaded connectors arranged on the valve body, and an adjusting knob and a piston which are respectively and movably arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the threaded connectors, wherein the upper end of the piston is open, a flow limiting rod is arranged on one side of the piston, and a water passing hole vertical to the opening of the flow limiting rod is arranged at the lower end of the piston.

The controller is respectively connected with the water pump and the light source in the multilayer cultivation frame and transmits instructions to periodically start the light source and the water pump, nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank enters the mechanical one-way adjustable valve through the water pump, the piston is pushed to move upwards by water pressure, the current limiting rod is limited to stop moving after reaching the position of the adjusting knob, the water passing hole is shielded by the lower end of the threaded connector, and the aperture is reduced so as to limit the aperture.

The multilayer cultivation frame includes: main part frame, light source and cultivation groove, wherein: the light source is fixedly arranged at the top of each layer on the main body frame, and the cultivation grooves are arranged at the bottom of each corresponding layer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mechanical one-way adjustable valve;

in the figure: the device comprises a main body frame 1, a cultivation tank 2, a liquid storage tank 3, a controller 4, a water pump 5, a mechanical one-way adjustable valve 6, a circulating filtering sterilizer 7, a light source 8, a liquid inlet and outlet integrated pipeline 9, a drainage filter cover 11, an overflow pipe 10, an overflow filter cover 12, a plant tray 13 and plants 14.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment includes: multilayer cultivation frame, liquid reserve tank 3, controller 4, water pump 5, mechanical one-way adjustable valve 6, the integrative pipeline 9 of liquid inflow and drainage, overflow pipe 10, circulation filtration sterilizer 7, plant tray 13, plant 14, wherein: the water pump 5, the mechanical one-way adjustable valve 6, the liquid inlet and discharge integrated pipeline 9, the multilayer cultivation frame, the overflow pipe 10 and the liquid storage tank 3 which are arranged in the liquid storage tank 3 are sequentially connected to form a loop.

The multilayer cultivation frame includes: main part frame 1, light source 8 and cultivation groove 2, wherein: the light source 8 is fixedly arranged at the top of each layer on the main body frame 1, and the cultivation groove 2 is arranged at the bottom of each corresponding layer.

The multi-layer cultivation shelf has the interlayer spacing of 20-50cm, the main body shelf 1 is preferably made of steel, aluminum alloy or other layer shelves with a supporting function, and the number of the layers is one or more.

The light source 8 is an LED, a fluorescent lamp or other artificial light sources with light supplementing capability.

The cultivation tank 2 is made of plastic or metal materials, the fence on the periphery is 3-10cm high, and the cultivation tank can contain nutrient solution.

The plants 14 are planted in the plant trays 13, and the plant trays 13 are placed in the cultivation tanks 2.

The side edges and the bottom edges of the plant tray 13 are provided with holes, so that liquid can conveniently permeate into the plant tray from the cultivation groove 2 during tidal irrigation.

The liquid storage tank 3 is made of plastic or metal, and the volume of the liquid storage tank is not less than the sum of the volumes of all the cultivation tanks 2.

The controller 4 is a mechanical or electronic time controller.

The minimum lift of the water pump 5 is larger than the height of the cultivation frame.

As shown in fig. 2, the mechanical unidirectional adjustable valve 6 includes: valve body 62 and a plurality of screw thread interface 63 that set up on it and respectively activity set up in screw thread interface 63 inside and outside adjust knob 61 and piston 64, wherein: the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the screw interfaces 63 is lower than the cross-sectional area of the valve body and the cross-sectional area of the water outlet of the water pump 5.

The piston 64 is provided with an opening at the upper end, a flow limiting rod 65 at one side and a water through hole 66 at the lower end, wherein the water through hole is vertical to the opening of the flow limiting rod 65. The total cross-sectional area of the outlets at the two ends of the water through hole 66 is larger than that of the threaded connector, when the valve body 62 supplies water to the threaded connector 63, the water pressure pushes the piston 64 to move upwards, the flow limiting rod 65 is limited to stop moving after reaching the position of the adjusting knob 61, the water through hole 66 is partially shielded by the lower end of the threaded connector 63, and the aperture is reduced, so that the aperture is limited; when water is supplied to the valve body 62 from the threaded connector 63, the piston 64 is pushed to move downwards by water pressure, the flow limiting rod stops moving in a limited mode after reaching the outer wall of the valve body, at the moment, the water through holes 66 are all exposed in the valve body, and the caliber is fully opened.

The outlets of the liquid inlet and outlet integrated pipe 9 and the overflow pipe 10 are provided with a drainage filter cover 11 and an overflow filter cover 12, wherein the drainage aperture of the drainage filter cover 11 is preferably less than 5 mm; the overflow filter housing 12 preferably has a drain hole diameter of less than 5 mm.

The circulating filtering sterilizer 7 has a circulating filtering function and an ultraviolet sterilizing function.

The controller 4 is respectively connected with the water pump 5, the light source 8 in the multi-layer cultivation frame and the circulating filtering sterilizer 7 arranged in the liquid storage tank 3 and transmits instructions to periodically start the light source 8, the circulating filtering sterilizer 7 and the water pump 5, nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank 3 enters the mechanical one-way adjustable valve 6 through the water pump 3, the piston 64 is pushed by water pressure to move upwards, the limiting rod 65 stops moving in a limited mode after reaching the position of the adjusting knob 61, the part of the water passing hole 66 is shielded by the lower end of the threaded connector 63, and the aperture is reduced, so that the aperture is limited.

When the system is operated for the first time, the process of manually adjusting the knob 61 is needed, so that the flow of each layer is uniform and consistent when the system reaches the cultivation tank 2 through the threaded connector 63 and the liquid inlet and discharge integrated pipeline 9. Along with the gradual rise of liquid level in cultivation groove 2, nutrient solution gets into the plant tray through the hole on plant tray 13, realizes the irrigation to plant 14. When the level of the nutrient solution in the culture tank 2 exceeds the upper end of the overflow pipe 10, the excess nutrient solution returns to the liquid storage tank 3 through the overflow pipe 10, and the circulation is completed. At this time, the culture tank 2 is filled with the nutrient solution. The controller 4 keeps the running time of the water pump 3, namely the whole time of the tidal irrigation. After the controller 4 sends an instruction to close the water pump 3, when the nutrient solution returns to the threaded connector 63 connected with the lower end from the liquid inlet and discharge integrated pipeline 9, the piston 64 is pushed to move downwards by water pressure, the flow limiting rod moves downwards to reach the outer wall of the valve body and then stops moving in a limited mode, and at the moment, all the water passing holes 66 are exposed inside the valve body and are in a full-open state of the water passing holes 66. At the irrigation stop time point set by the program of the controller 4, the nutrient solution in each layer rapidly passes through the mechanical one-way adjustable valve 6 in a short time and flows back to the liquid storage tank 3. Completing a complete tidal irrigation process. Because the mechanical one-way adjustable valve 6 can present different apertures and flow rates when water is fed and discharged, and can offset the hydraulic pressure difference caused by the height difference of different cultivation tanks, the uniformity of each layer can be ensured when water is fed in the beginning of tidal irrigation, the liquid return speed of each channel is uniform and consistent in the liquid return process after the tidal irrigation is finished, and the condition that the bottom cultivation tank drains slowly or even forms backward irrigation can not occur. The condition that the soaking time of the plants 3 is too long or the soaking time of each layer of plants is inconsistent can not be caused.

The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.