阅读说明：本技术 一种乌骨羊的配种方法 (Hybridization method of black-bone sheep ) 是由 吕彦喆 孙成龙 曹路骋 葛联合 陈又新 胡拥军 余斌 方义成 于 2018-07-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：乌骨羊被我国科学家确定为除了乌骨鸡以外的第二种具有可遗传性能的乌质性状动物。乌质性状的最直接表现就是乌骨和乌肉。自2001年在云南省怒江僳僳族自治州兰坪白族普米族自治县首次发现乌骨绵羊以来,云南农业大学毛华明教授及其课题组对乌骨绵羊进行了多年的研究。经过分析测定,乌骨绵羊的乌质是由高含量的黑色素引起的,而这种乌质性状具可遗传性,是十分珍稀的遗传资源。乌骨羊肉质鲜美,黑色素含量丰富,具有滋阴补阳双重保健功能。肉：益气补虚,用于腰膝酸痛。骨：祛风止痛,用于风湿、四肢麻木等。羊胎盘可益肾、壮阳、补虚、调经,产后滋补有特效,另外心、肝、胆、血、肾、甲状腺等均可入药。所以乌骨羊全身都是宝,具有向药品、营养保健品深层次开发不可估量。本发明提出了一种能够培育出优质的乌骨羊配种方法,以满足人们对乌骨羊的需求。(The black-bone sheep is determined by Chinese scientists to be a second black-bone animal with heritable performance besides the black-bone chicken. The most direct manifestations of the properties of the black bone are black bone and black meat. Since the first discovery of the black-bone sheep in autonomous prefecture of the prince of the white clan of lan-lawn, imperial river Lisuzu nationality Lisuzu nationality, Yunnan province in 2001, professor mao huaming, Yunnan agricultural university, and its subject group have studied the black-bone sheep for many years. Through analysis and determination, the black body of the black-bone sheep is caused by high-content melanin, and the black body character has inheritability and is a very rare genetic resource. The black-bone mutton has delicious quality and rich melanin content, and has the double health-care functions of nourishing yin and tonifying yang. Meat: tonify qi and tonify deficiency, and indicated for soreness of waist and knees. Bone: dispel wind and alleviate pain, and is used for rheumatism, numbness of limbs, etc. The sheep placenta has special effects of tonifying kidney, strengthening yang, tonifying deficiency, regulating menstruation and nourishing after delivery, and can be used for treating heart, liver, gallbladder, blood, kidney, thyroid gland, etc. Therefore, the whole body of the black-bone sheep is precious and can not be estimated in the deep development of medicines and nutritional health care products. The invention provides a hybridization method for breeding high-quality black-bone sheep, which is used for meeting the requirements of people on the black-bone sheep.)

1. A hybridization method of a black-bone sheep comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: free mating is an original mating method, in which a male sheep is mixed in a female sheep flock and allowed to mate with an estrus female sheep by itself, in a male-female ratio (1: 30).

(II) artificial assisted mating: the oestrous model is picked out and placed in a separate hurdle or other place and mated with a designated stud ram.

(III) artificial fertilization: the artificial insemination of the sheep adopts an artificial method, uses a production instrument to collect the semen of the ram, carries out quality inspection and treatment on the semen, and inputs the semen into the reproductive tract of the estrus ewe to ensure that the ewe is born.

2. The method for breeding a black-bone sheep according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ram is 1 year old, healthy, energetic, moderate in fat condition, the two testicles are the same in size, the sexual desire is vigorous, the ram grows normally, the ewe is wide in the back, the breasts grow well, the appearance and the production performance of the ewe meet the requirements and the characteristics of the breed, and the ram is disease-free.

3. The method for breeding a black-bone sheep according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the feeding and drinking of ewes are carried out twice in the morning and at night every day, and proper amount of salt is added and placed on a stone slab or a wood board to be licked freely.

4. The method for breeding a black-bone sheep according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ewes are supplemented with concentrated feed after delivery, and are supplied with succulent feed and drinking water, so that the ewes pay attention to the movement and grazing and the lactation amount of the ewes is increased.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a livestock breeding technology, in particular to a breeding method of a black-bone sheep.

Background

The content of melanin substances in the meat of the black-bone sheep is several times higher than that of the common mutton, and the melanin is proved to have the following pharmacology: the black-bone mutton has the effects of eliminating free radicals in vivo, resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat, resisting diseases and the like, is delicious in quality, rich in melanin and has double health-care functions of nourishing yin and tonifying yang. It can tonify qi and tonify deficiency, and can be used for treating soreness of waist and knees; it has effects in dispelling pathogenic wind and relieving pain, and can be used for treating rheumatism and numbness of limbs; the placenta has special effects of tonifying kidney, strengthening yang, tonifying deficiency, regulating menstruation and nourishing after delivery, and the heart, liver, gallbladder, blood, kidney, thyroid gland and the like can be used as medicines. Therefore, the whole body of the black-bone sheep is treasure, and has great nutritional and health-care values. However, because of the long breeding cycle and the small number of fetuses, the number of black-bone sheep in China is small, and even the black-bone sheep faces an extinct situation.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the current situation, the invention provides a hybridization method for breeding high-quality black-bone sheep, so as to meet the requirements of people on the black-bone sheep.

In order to breed high-quality black-bone sheep, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

1. free mating: free mating is an original mating method, in which a male goat is mixed in a female goat flock and mated with an estrus female goat by itself, and is widely available in the Yunnan Chuxiong farmer. The mating method has the characteristics of labor saving and no need of equipment. When the proportion of the male sheep to the female sheep is proper (generally 1: 30), the conception rate is high, farmers who can not carry out group feeding, and male sheep are captive in the season when the female sheep are in a concentrated estrus or are used for 1 year and then are timely bred in series.

2. Artificial assisted mating: the artificial assisted mating method can overcome the defect of free mating and does not need artificial insemination at the same time. Herding the male sheep and the female sheep in groups, trying the female sheep after the mating season, and selecting the appointed male sheep and the female sheep in estrus for mating. By adopting the hybridization method, the hybridization date and the ear numbers of the male and female sheep can be accurately registered, the delivery period can be predicted, the energy of the male sheep can be saved, the number of the matched female sheep can be increased, the utilization rate of the male sheep can be improved, and the service time of the male sheep can be prolonged.

3. The artificial insemination of the sheep refers to a hybridization mode that the semen of the ram is collected by a production instrument through an artificial method, the quality of the semen is checked and processed, and then the semen is input into the reproductive tract of the estrus ewe to make the ewe suffer from the fetus. The technology is an important means for improving the utilization rate of the excellent breeding sheep, and has the following advantages compared with natural mating.

The utilization rate of the excellent ram is enlarged. In natural mating, the male sheep can only be fertilized by 1 female sheep after one injection. But the artificial insemination method can improve the utilization rate of the ram, and the one-time ejaculation amount can be simultaneously fertilized by a plurality of or dozens of ewes.

Can improve the conception rate of ewes. The sperm quality can be ensured to meet the requirements by observing the sperm vitality through a microscope before artificial insemination, and the semen of the ram can be completely conveyed to the cervix or the uterine orifice of the ewe by adopting the artificial insemination method, so that the combination chance of the sperm and the ovum is increased, and the sterility caused by factors such as cervical position irregularity of ewe factors or vaginal diseases is solved. Can solve the problem of difficult natural mating activity due to the great difference of the physical sizes of the male and female sheep, thereby improving the conception rate by adopting artificial insemination and saving the cost of breeding the male sheep.

Can greatly save the feeding management and purchasing cost of the stud rams and can reduce the infection of diseases. By adopting the artificial insemination method, the ram and the ewe are not directly contacted, and production instruments are strictly sterilized, so that the disease transmission probability is greatly reduced.

The ram semen can be stored and transported. The sperm of the ram can be preserved at normal temperature, low temperature or ultra-low temperature, and is convenient for long-distance transportation and remote sperm deposition.

Detailed Description

The specific implementation mode adopts the following technical scheme:

1. the mating method comprises the following steps: free mating is an original mating method, in which a male sheep is mixed in a female sheep flock and allowed to mate with an estrus female sheep by itself, in a male-female ratio (1: 30).

Artificial assisted mating: the oestrous model is picked out and placed in a separate hurdle or other place and mated with a designated stud ram.

Artificial fertilization: the artificial insemination of the sheep refers to that the semen of the ram is collected by a production instrument through an artificial method, the quality of the semen is checked and processed, and then the semen is input into the reproductive tract of the estrus ewe to ensure that the ewe is born.

2. The ram is 1 year old, healthy, energetic, moderate in fat condition, the two testicles are the same in size, the sexual desire is vigorous, the ram grows normally, the back of the ewe is wide, the breasts grow well, the appearance and the production performance of the ewe meet the requirements and the characteristics of the breed, and the ram is disease-free.

3. The feeding and drinking of ewes are carried out twice in the morning and at night every day, and proper amount of salt is added and placed on a stone slab or a wood board to be licked freely.

4. The ewes are supplemented with concentrated feed after delivery, and are supplied with succulent feed and drinking water, so that the ewes pay attention to the movement and grazing and the lactation amount of the ewes is increased.